Small low-parameter pure-burning sludge fluidized bed incineration boiler

Abstract

The utility model discloses a small low-parameter pure-burning sludge fluidized bed incineration boiler, and belongs to the technical field of boiler equipment, and the technical scheme is characterized in that the boiler comprises a heat insulation incineration hearth used for burning sludge; the air inlet system is connected with the heat insulation incineration hearth, and the air inlet system is used for conveying air into the heat insulation incineration hearth; the smoke exhaust system comprises a separator outlet flue and a vertical shaft flue; the separation mechanism is arranged between the heat insulation incineration hearth and the smoke exhaust system, and the separation mechanism is used for separating large-diameter particles; the heat insulation incineration hearth, the separation mechanism and the smoke exhaust system are each provided with a castable layer. The overall structural design is simple, and the occupied area is small.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of boiler equipment, and in particular relates to a small-sized, low-parameter, pure-burning sludge fluidized bed incineration boiler. Background Art

[0002] China's urbanization rate is expected to reach 63%. With the increase in urbanization rate, the disposal of domestic sludge has become an urgent problem to be solved. Domestic sludge incineration technology is a high-efficiency, volume-reducing and quantity-reducing treatment method that can convert organic matter in sludge into heat energy for use in heating, heating, power generation and other fields; the volume of domestic sludge is greatly reduced and the weight is greatly reduced. Compared with sludge landfill, this sludge treatment method with volume reduction and quantity reduction reduces the occupation of land resources; it also provides renewable energy for cities and reduces dependence on traditional energy. Traditional sludge treatment methods may produce secondary pollution, such as leachate and odor. The incineration treatment technology can completely decompose harmful substances in sludge through high-temperature incineration, reducing the risk of secondary pollution. At the same time, it is equipped with an advanced flue gas purification system to ensure that the flue gas generated during the incineration process meets environmental protection standards.

[0003] However, domestic sludge has low calorific value and high water content. Large-scale power generation and heating require a large amount of sludge. Collecting large amounts of sludge from different areas increases transportation and storage costs.

[0004] Therefore, it is particularly necessary to provide a small-scale, low-parameter, pure-burning sludge fluidized bed incineration boiler. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a small-sized, low-parameter, pure-burning sludge fluidized bed incineration boiler in order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, which has a simple overall structural design and a small footprint.

[0006] The present application provides a small-scale low-parameter pure sludge fluidized bed incineration boiler, comprising:

[0007] Adiabatic incineration furnace for burning sludge;

[0008] An air inlet system is connected to the adiabatic incineration furnace, and the air inlet system is used to transport air into the adiabatic incineration furnace;

[0009] Smoke exhaust system, including separator outlet flue and shaft flue;

[0010] A separation mechanism is placed between the adiabatic incineration furnace and the smoke exhaust system, and is used to separate large-diameter particles;

[0011] Wherein, the adiabatic incineration furnace, separation mechanism and smoke exhaust system are all provided with a castable layer.

[0012] Furthermore, the air intake system comprises:

[0013] Blower;

[0014] Air heater;

[0015] Hot air duct;

[0016] The insulated air chamber is provided with an air distribution device connected to the insulated incineration furnace;

[0017] Wherein, the blower, air heater, hot air duct and insulated air chamber are connected in sequence.

[0018] Furthermore, the air heater is provided with a spiral fin tube heat exchanger.

[0019] Furthermore, the smoke exhaust system comprises:

[0020] Superheater;

[0021] Evaporator;

[0022] Economizer;

[0023] Wherein, the superheater, evaporator and economizer are distributed in sequence on the vertical shaft flue.

[0024] Furthermore, the spiral fin tube heat exchanger is connected to a superheater.

[0025] Furthermore, the separation mechanism comprises:

[0026] Adiabatic cyclone separator;

[0027] A material return device connected to the adiabatic cyclone separator;

[0028] Wherein, the material return device is connected to the adiabatic incineration furnace.

[0029] Furthermore, the separation mechanism also includes:

[0030] The column support is installed below the adiabatic cyclone separator.

[0031] The beneficial effects of this application are:

[0032] 1. The overall structural design is simple and reasonable, making the small-scale low-parameter pure sludge fluidized bed incineration boiler reliable, small footprint, light overall boiler design, and environmental protection emission standards meet.

[0033] 2. The castable layer has high thermal insulation performance, which can ensure that the combustion temperature in the furnace is not lower than 850℃.

[0034] 3. The incineration furnace and the tail shaft flue are both based on a frame structure, which can reduce the consumption of steel structure and stabilize the boiler structure; four columns are used to support the cyclone separator at the bottom, and the steel structure is designed to be light.

[0035] 4. Using spiral fin tube heat exchanger to heat cold air can increase the temperature of air preheater. The hot surface layout is more compact and saves space. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the incineration boiler of this application;

[0037] The reference numerals in the figure are: 100, adiabatic incineration furnace; 200, air inlet system; 210, blower; 220, air heater; 221, spiral fin tube heat exchanger; 230, hot air duct; 240, adiabatic air chamber; 250, air distribution device; 300, smoke exhaust system; 310, separator outlet flue; 320, shaft flue; 330, superheater; 340, evaporator; 350, economizer; 400, separation mechanism; 410, adiabatic cyclone separator; 420, return device; 430, column support; 500, casting material layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments in the present application belong to the scope of protection of this application.

[0039] The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchangeable under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of the present application can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described here, and the objects distinguished by "first", "second", etc. are generally of one type, and the number of objects is not limited. For example, the first object can be one or more. In addition, "and / or" in the specification and claims represents at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the objects associated with each other are in an "or" relationship.

[0040] The following provides a detailed description of the embodiments of the present application through specific embodiments and their application scenarios in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0041] Embodiment 1:

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, the embodiment of the present application provides a small-scale low-parameter pure sludge fluidized bed incineration boiler, comprising:

[0043] Adiabatic incineration furnace 100, used for burning sludge;

[0044] The air inlet system 200 is connected to the adiabatic incineration furnace 100, and the air inlet system 200 is used to transport air into the adiabatic incineration furnace 100;

[0045] The smoke exhaust system 300 includes a separator outlet flue 310 and a shaft flue 320;

[0046] The separation mechanism 400 is disposed between the adiabatic incineration furnace 100 and the smoke exhaust system 300, and the separation mechanism 400 is used to separate large-diameter particles;

[0047] The adiabatic incineration furnace 100 , the separation mechanism 400 , and the smoke exhaust system 300 are all provided with a casting material layer 500 .

[0048] The sludge is placed in the adiabatic incineration furnace 100 for combustion, and the air required for combustion is input into the adiabatic incineration furnace 100 through the air intake system 200. The high-temperature air and sludge are fluidized and incinerated in the adiabatic incineration furnace 100, and the generated high-temperature ash-containing flue gas is discharged from the smoke exhaust system 300. The vertical shaft flue 320 adopts a frame structure and is placed on the ground or other foundations, which can reduce the consumption of steel structure and stabilize the boiler structure. The large-diameter particles generated after the sludge is incinerated are separated by the separation mechanism 400 and re-transported to the adiabatic incineration furnace 100. The inner walls of the adiabatic incineration furnace 100, the separation mechanism 400, and the smoke exhaust system 300 are all A castable layer 500 is laid, and the castable layer 500 is made of concrete and other materials, which has high insulation performance. The miniaturized incineration boiler is easy to build near the sludge source, reducing the transportation and storage costs of the sludge. The overall structural design of the incineration boiler is simple and reasonable, making the small low-parameter pure sludge fluidized bed incineration boiler reliable, small in footprint, and light in overall boiler design. It also meets environmental emission standards, with an incineration temperature of not less than 850°C. Sludge can be purely burned in the adiabatic incineration furnace 100 without the need for auxiliary fuel, thus achieving energy conservation and emission reduction to a great extent. The flue gas combustion residence time in the incineration furnace is not less than 5s, ensuring that CO emissions meet standards.

[0049] The incineration boiler of the present application has the following performances: sludge processing capacity: 800-1000t / d (sludge with a moisture content of 80%); rated steam pressure of 1.2MPa, rated steam temperature of 250°C, and rated evaporation capacity of 10t / h.

[0050] Embodiment 2:

[0051] like Figure 1 As shown, the embodiment of the present application provides a small-sized low-parameter pure sludge fluidized bed incineration boiler. In addition to the above technical features, the air intake system 200 further includes:

[0052] Blower 210;

[0053] Air heater 220;

[0054] Hot air duct 230;

[0055] The adiabatic air chamber 240 is provided with an air distribution device 250 connected to the adiabatic incineration furnace 100;

[0056] The blower 210, the air heater 220, the hot air duct 230, and the insulation air chamber 240 are connected in sequence.

[0057] Air is drawn in by the blower 210 and transported through the air heater 220 for heating. The heated high-temperature air enters the insulated air chamber 240 through the hot air duct 230. The high-temperature air with a certain temperature and pressure passes through the air distribution device 250 on the upper side of the insulated air chamber 240 to evenly transport the high-temperature air to the insulated incineration furnace.

[0058] Furthermore, the air heater 220 is provided with a spiral fin tube heat exchanger 221 .

[0059] The spiral fin tube heat exchanger 221 increases the contact area with the cold air, and superheated steam is introduced into the spiral fin tube heat exchanger 221 , so that the heat exchange efficiency of the air heater 220 is improved through the spiral fin tube heat exchanger 221 .

[0060] Embodiment 3:

[0061] like Figure 1 As shown, the embodiment of the present application provides a small-scale low-parameter pure sludge fluidized bed incineration boiler. In addition to the above technical features, the smoke exhaust system 300 further includes:

[0062] Superheater 330;

[0063] Evaporator 340;

[0064] Economizer 350;

[0065] The superheater 330 , the evaporator 340 , and the economizer 350 are sequentially distributed on the vertical shaft flue 320 .

[0066] When the dust-laden flue gas passes through the vertical flue 320, it passes through the superheater 330, the evaporator 340, and the economizer 350 in sequence, and then is discharged from the exhaust port of the vertical flue 320. The flue gas passes through the heating surfaces of the superheater 330, the evaporator 340, and the economizer 350, transferring heat to various media to realize the heat collection of the incineration boiler.

[0067] Furthermore, the spiral fin tube heat exchanger 221 is connected to the superheater 330 .

[0068] The spiral fin tube heat exchanger 221 is connected to the superheater 330, and the superheated steam generated by the superheater 330 is introduced into the spiral fin tube heat exchanger 221, so as to improve the utilization rate of energy, increase the air preheating temperature, and make the heat exchange surface layout more compact and save space.

[0069] Embodiment 4:

[0070] like Figure 1 As shown, the embodiment of the present application provides a small-sized low-parameter pure sludge fluidized bed incineration boiler. In addition to the above technical features, the separation mechanism 400 further includes:

[0071] Adiabatic cyclone separator 410;

[0072] The material return device 420 is connected to the adiabatic cyclone separator 410;

[0073] The material return device 420 is connected to the adiabatic incineration furnace 100 .

[0074] The adiabatic incineration furnace 100 incinerates sludge, and the generated high-temperature ash-containing flue gas flows from the top of the adiabatic incineration furnace 100 to the adiabatic cyclone separator 410. The large-diameter particles generated after the sludge is incinerated are separated by the adiabatic separator and returned to the adiabatic incineration furnace 100 through the return device 420 to further participate in fluidized combustion, thereby improving the incineration completeness of the sludge and further improving resource utilization.

[0075] Furthermore, the separation mechanism 400 further includes:

[0076] The column support 430 is installed below the adiabatic cyclone separator 410 .

[0077] The lower part of the cyclone separator is supported by four columns. The steel structure is designed to be light and has high structural strength.

[0078] It should be noted that, in this article, the terms "comprise", "include" or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprise one..." do not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the element. In addition, it should be pointed out that the scope of the methods and devices in the embodiments of the present application is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed, and may also include performing functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in reverse order according to the functions involved, for example, the described method may be performed in an order different from that described, and various steps may also be added, omitted, or combined. In addition, the features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.

[0079] The embodiments of the present application are described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present application is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation methods. The above-mentioned specific implementation methods are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Under the guidance of the present application, ordinary technicians in this field can also make many forms without departing from the purpose of the present application and the scope of protection of the claims, all of which are within the protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A small-scale low-parameter pure sludge fluidized bed incineration boiler, characterized in that: include: An adiabatic incineration furnace (100) for burning sludge; An air intake system (200) is connected to the adiabatic incineration furnace (100), and the air intake system (200) is used to transport air into the adiabatic incineration furnace (100); A smoke exhaust system (300) includes a separator outlet smoke duct (310) and a vertical shaft smoke duct (320); A separation mechanism (400) is disposed between the adiabatic incineration furnace (100) and the smoke exhaust system (300), and the separation mechanism (400) is used to separate large-diameter particles; The adiabatic incineration furnace (100), the separation mechanism (400), and the smoke exhaust system (300) are all provided with a casting material layer (500).

2. The small-scale low-parameter pure sludge fluidized bed incineration boiler according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The air intake system (200) comprises: Blower (210); Air heater (220); Hot air duct (230); The insulated air chamber (240) is provided with an air distribution device (250) connected to the insulated incineration furnace (100); The blower (210), the air heater (220), the hot air duct (230), and the insulating air chamber (240) are connected in sequence.

3. The small-scale low-parameter pure sludge fluidized bed incineration boiler according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The air heater (220) is provided with a spiral fin tube heat exchanger (221).

4. The small-scale low-parameter pure sludge fluidized bed incineration boiler according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The smoke exhaust system (300) comprises: Superheater (330); Evaporator (340); Economizer (350); The superheater (330), evaporator (340), and economizer (350) are sequentially distributed on the vertical shaft flue (320).

5. The small-scale low-parameter pure sludge fluidized bed incineration boiler according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The spiral fin tube heat exchanger (221) is connected to the superheater (330).

6. The small-scale low-parameter pure sludge fluidized bed incineration boiler according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The separation mechanism (400) comprises: Adiabatic cyclone separator (410); A material return device (420) connected to the adiabatic cyclone separator (410); Wherein, the material return device (420) is connected to the adiabatic incineration furnace (100).

7. The small-scale low-parameter pure sludge fluidized bed incineration boiler according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The separation mechanism (400) further comprises: The column support (430) is installed below the adiabatic cyclone separator (410).

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