Battery device and electric device

Abstract

The utility model provides a battery device and a power utilization device, the battery device comprises a battery monomer, a box body, a second pressure relief mechanism and a condensation part, the battery monomer is provided with a first pressure relief mechanism, the box body is provided with a containing cavity, the battery monomer is contained in the containing cavity, the box body is provided with an exhaust channel, and the exhaust channel is communicated with the containing cavity. The first pressure relief mechanism is arranged in the box body, the second pressure relief mechanism is arranged in the box body, the exhaust channel is configured to guide emissions discharged by the first pressure relief mechanism to the second pressure relief mechanism, and the condensation part is arranged in the exhaust channel and comprises condensation nucleus particles. According to the battery device provided by the invention, the content of harmful substances discharged into the environment under the condition of thermal runaway of the battery device is reduced, so that the pollution to the environment under the condition of thermal runaway of the battery device is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery device and an electrical device. Background Art

[0002] Battery devices are widely used in electronic devices, such as mobile phones, laptop computers, battery cars, electric cars, electric airplanes, electric ships, electric toy cars, electric toy ships, electric toy airplanes, and electric tools, etc.

[0003] In the development of battery device technology, in addition to improving the performance of battery devices, the environmental friendliness of battery devices in the case of thermal runaway is also an issue that needs to be considered. Therefore, how to reduce the environmental pollution caused by thermal runaway of battery devices is an issue that needs to be continuously improved in battery device technology. Utility Model Content

[0004] The present application provides a battery device and an electrical device to reduce environmental pollution caused by thermal runaway of the battery device.

[0005] This application is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] In the first aspect, the battery device provided by the embodiment of the present application includes a battery cell, a box, a second pressure relief mechanism and a condensation member, the battery cell has a first pressure relief mechanism, the box has a receiving cavity, the battery cell is received in the receiving cavity, the box has an exhaust passage, and the exhaust passage is connected to the receiving cavity. The second pressure relief mechanism is provided in the box, the exhaust passage is configured to guide the discharge discharged by the first pressure relief mechanism to the pressure relief mechanism, the condensation member is provided in the exhaust passage, and the condensation member includes condensation nucleus particles.

[0007] The battery device provided in the embodiment of the present application, by arranging a condensation piece in the exhaust channel, and the condensation piece includes condensation nucleus particles, so that in the case of thermal runaway of the battery device, when the emissions generated by the battery cells are discharged to the outside of the battery device through the exhaust channel, small droplets and harmful substances in the emissions will condense and agglomerate when encountering the condensation nucleus particles, and settle and remain in the exhaust channel, which is beneficial to reducing the content of harmful substances discharged into the environment in the case of thermal runaway of the battery device, and further helps to reduce the pollution to the environment in the case of thermal runaway of the battery device.

[0008] According to some embodiments of the present application, the particle size d of the condensation nucleus particles satisfies: 0.1 μm≤d≤30 μm.

[0009] In the above scheme, by setting the particle size d of the condensation nuclei to satisfy: 0.1μm≤d≤30μm, it is beneficial to increase the surface area of ​​the condensation nuclei for condensing emissions, and also to enhance the role of the condensation nucleus particles as the core in the emission condensation process, so as to improve the condensation efficiency of the condensation nucleus particles.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present application, the particle size d of the condensation nucleus particles satisfies: 2 μm≤d≤10 μm.

[0011] In the above scheme, by setting the particle size d of the condensation nuclei to satisfy: 2μm≤d≤10μm, it is beneficial to further increase the surface area of ​​the condensation nuclei for condensing droplets, and it is also beneficial to further enhance the role of the condensation nucleus particles as the core in the emission condensation process, so as to improve the condensation efficiency of the condensation nucleus particles.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present application, the material of the condensation nucleus particles includes phosphate, carbonate, phosphate, carbonate or sulfonate.

[0013] In the above scheme, the condensation nuclei are provided including phosphates, carbonates, phosphates, carbonates or sulfonates, which is beneficial to increase the rate of droplet condensation, accelerate the droplet condensation process, and improve the stability of the condensation nucleus particles, so that the condensation nucleus particles can provide condensation effect stably for a long time, and also help to reduce the subsequent treatment costs of the condensation nucleus particles and emissions, and facilitate the recycling of the condensation nucleus particles.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present application, the condensation element includes a condensation nucleus coating, the condensation nucleus coating includes a plurality of condensation nucleus particles, and the condensation nucleus coating is disposed on an inner wall of the exhaust passage.

[0015] In the above scheme, the condensation nucleus particles can be more stably retained in the exhaust passage, which is beneficial to improving the reliability of the condensation nucleus particles in condensing the emissions in the flue gas in the event of thermal runaway of the battery cell.

[0016] According to some embodiments of the present application, the maximum thickness e of the condensation nucleus coating satisfies: 10 μm ≤ e ≤ 150 μm.

[0017] In the above scheme, setting 10 μm≤e≤150 μm is beneficial to improving the stability of the condensation nucleus particles adhering to the inner wall of the exhaust passage, and is also beneficial to improving the condensation efficiency of the condensation nucleus particles on the emissions.

[0018] According to some embodiments of the present application, 20 μm≤e≤100 μm.

[0019] In the above scheme, setting 20 μm≤e≤100 μm is beneficial to further improve the stability of the condensation nucleus particles adhering to the inner wall of the exhaust passage, and is also beneficial to further improve the condensation efficiency of the condensation nucleus particles on the emissions.

[0020] According to some embodiments of the present application, the melting point T of the condensate satisfies: T≥1000°C.

[0021] In the above scheme, setting the melting point T of the condensation element to satisfy T≥1000° C. is beneficial to reducing the risk of the condensation element melting at high temperature, thereby facilitating improving the reliability of condensation nucleus particles in condensing emissions.

[0022] According to some embodiments of the present application, the box body includes a frame, the frame is arranged around the accommodating cavity, and at least a portion of the exhaust passage is arranged in the frame.

[0023] In the above solution, at least part of the exhaust channel is arranged in the frame. The exhaust channel can be arranged by using the frame, which is beneficial to simplify the structure of the box without affecting the structural strength of the box, thereby reducing the production cost of the battery device.

[0024] According to some embodiments of the present application, the frame forms a hollow cavity, the exhaust channel includes a plurality of flow channels, the box body also includes a partition, the partition is arranged in the hollow cavity, the partition divides the space of the hollow cavity into a plurality of flow channels, the plurality of flow channels are connected end to end in sequence, and the condensation element is arranged on the inner wall of the flow channel.

[0025] In the above scheme, in the event of thermal runaway of the battery device, the emissions flow through the exhaust channel for a longer time, and the emissions contact the condensation nucleus particles in the exhaust channel at a higher frequency and with a larger contact area, which is beneficial to improving the condensation efficiency of the emissions and further reducing the risk of emissions polluting the environment in the event of thermal runaway of the battery device.

[0026] According to some embodiments of the present application, the box body also includes an exhaust pipe, which forms a part of the exhaust channel. The exhaust pipe is arranged in the accommodating cavity and connects the accommodating cavity with the exhaust channel in the frame. At least part of the condensing element is arranged in the exhaust pipe.

[0027] In the above scheme, it is beneficial to increase the length of the exhaust channel and set more condensation nucleus particles to increase the contact area between the emissions and the condensation nucleus particles, further improve the condensation efficiency of the emissions, and reduce the risk of emissions polluting the environment.

[0028] In a second aspect, the electrical device provided in the embodiments of the present application includes the battery device provided in any of the above embodiments.

[0029] The electric device provided in the embodiment of the present application has the same technical effect as the battery device provided in the above embodiment, and thus will not be described in detail here.

[0030] Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be given in part in the description below, and in part will become apparent from the description below, or will be learned through the practice of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0032] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a battery device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the explosion structure of a battery cell in a battery device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a top view of a battery device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along CC, where arrows indicate the flow direction of emissions;

[0037] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A partial enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0038] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a top view of another battery device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along AA.

[0040] In the drawings, the figures are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0041] Description of reference numerals:

[0042] 1-Vehicle; 1a-Motor; 1b-Controller;

[0043] 10-battery device; 11-box; 111-first sub-box; 112-second sub-box; 11a-accommodating chamber; 11b-exhaust channel; 113-frame; 113a-flow channel; 1131a-air inlet; 1132a-air outlet; 113b-hollow cavity; 114-partition; 115-exhaust tube;

[0044] 20-battery module;

[0045] 30 - battery cell; 311 - shell; 312 - end cover; 31 - housing; 321 - electrode body; 322 - pole ear; 32 - electrode assembly; 33 - electrode terminal; 34 - first pressure relief mechanism;

[0046] 40- second pressure relief mechanism;

[0047] 50- condensation element; 51- condensation nucleus coating. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0049] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meaning as those commonly understood by technicians in the technical field of this application; the terms used in the specification of this application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application; the terms "including" and "having" in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned drawings and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of this application or the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish different objects, rather than to describe a specific order or a primary and secondary relationship.

[0050] Reference to "embodiments" in this application means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of the phrase in various locations in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described in this application may be combined with other embodiments.

[0051] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", and "attached" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0052] The term "and / or" in this application is only a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this application generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0053] The term "multiple" as used in the present application refers to more than two (including two). Similarly, the term "multiple groups" refers to more than two groups (including two groups), and the term "multiple sheets" refers to more than two sheets (including two sheets).

[0054] The battery device mentioned in the embodiments of the present application may include one or more battery cell assemblies for providing voltage and capacity. The battery cell assembly may include a plurality of battery cells, and the plurality of battery cells are connected in series, in parallel or in mixed connection through a busbar.

[0055] In some embodiments, the battery cell assembly is generally formed by arranging a plurality of battery cells; as an example, the battery cell assembly may be a battery module, which is formed by arranging and fixing a plurality of battery cells to form an independent module. As an example, the battery module may be formed by bundling a plurality of battery cells by a cable tie.

[0056] In some embodiments, the battery device may be a battery pack, which includes a case and one or more battery cell assemblies, wherein the battery cell assemblies are accommodated in the case.

[0057] As an example, the battery cell assembly may be a battery module, and the battery cell assembly may be accommodated in the box by fixing the battery module in the box.

[0058] As an example, the battery cell assembly may also be housed in the case by directly fixing a plurality of battery cells to the case.

[0059] In some embodiments, the box body can be used as a part of the chassis structure of the vehicle. For example, part of the box body can become at least a part of the floor of the vehicle, or part of the box body can become at least a part of the cross beam and longitudinal beam of the vehicle.

[0060] In some embodiments, the battery device may be an energy storage device, which includes an energy storage container, an energy storage cabinet, and the like.

[0061] In the embodiment of the present application, the battery cell may be a secondary battery. A secondary battery refers to a battery cell that can be continuously used by activating active materials by charging after the battery cell is discharged.

[0062] The battery cells may be, but are not limited to, lithium ion batteries, sodium ion batteries, sodium lithium ion batteries, lithium metal batteries, sodium metal batteries, lithium sulfur batteries, magnesium ion batteries, nickel hydrogen batteries, nickel cadmium batteries, lead storage batteries, etc.

[0063] As an example, the battery cell can be a cylindrical battery cell, a prismatic battery cell, a soft-pack battery cell or a battery cell of other shapes. The prismatic battery cell includes a square shell battery cell, a blade-shaped battery cell, a polygonal prismatic battery, such as a hexagonal prismatic battery, etc. There is no particular limitation in the embodiments of the present application.

[0064] In the related art, when the battery cells in the battery device are in thermal runaway, a large amount of high-temperature and high-pressure smoke is generated, and the smoke needs to be discharged to the outside of the battery device to reduce the pressure inside the battery device and reduce the risk of battery device explosion. However, when the battery device is in thermal runaway, the smoke generated is discharged into the air, and the excessive concentration of the smoke will cause certain pollution to the environment.

[0065] In view of this, the battery device provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a battery cell, a box, a second pressure relief mechanism and a condensation member, wherein the battery cell has a first pressure relief mechanism, the box has a receiving cavity, the battery cell is received in the receiving cavity, the box has an exhaust passage, and the exhaust passage is connected to the receiving cavity. The pressure relief mechanism is provided in the box, the exhaust passage is configured to guide the discharge discharged by the first pressure relief mechanism to the second pressure relief mechanism, the condensation member is provided in the exhaust passage, and the condensation member includes condensation nucleus particles.

[0066] The battery device provided in the embodiment of the present application, by arranging a condensation piece in the exhaust channel, is able to cause the emissions of the battery cells to condense and agglomerate at the condensation nucleus particles when the battery device experiences thermal runaway, thereby helping to reduce the content of harmful substances in the emissions discharged to the outside of the battery device, and further helping to reduce the pollution to the environment caused by the emissions discharged when the battery device experiences thermal runaway.

[0067] The technical solutions described in the embodiments of the present application are applicable to battery devices and electrical devices using the battery devices.

[0068] The battery device disclosed in the embodiment of the present application can be used in, but not limited to, electrical devices such as vehicles, ships, or aircraft. The battery device disclosed in the present application can be used to form a power supply system of the electrical device.

[0069] The embodiment of the present application provides an electric device using a battery device as a power source, and the electric device may be, but is not limited to, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a laptop computer, an electric toy, an electric tool, an electric bicycle, an electric motorcycle, an electric car, a ship, a spacecraft, etc. Among them, the electric toy may include a fixed or mobile electric toy, for example, a game console, an electric car toy, an electric ship toy, an electric airplane toy, etc., and the spacecraft may include an airplane, a rocket, a space shuttle, a spacecraft, etc.

[0070] For the convenience of description, the following embodiments are described by taking a vehicle as an example of an electrical device in an embodiment of the present application.

[0071] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle 1 provided in an embodiment of the present application. The vehicle 1 may be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle, and the new energy vehicle may be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or an extended-range vehicle, etc. A battery device 10 is provided inside the vehicle 1, and the battery device 10 may be provided at the bottom, head or tail of the vehicle 1. The battery device 10 may be used to power the vehicle 1, for example, the battery device 10 may be used as an operating power source for the vehicle 1, for the circuit system of the vehicle 1, for example, for the working power requirements during the startup, navigation and operation of the vehicle 1.

[0072] The vehicle 1 may further include a controller 1b and a motor 1a, wherein the controller 1b is used to control the battery device 10 to supply power to the motor 1a, for example, to meet the power requirements of starting, navigating, and driving the vehicle 1.

[0073] In some embodiments of the present application, the battery device 10 can not only serve as an operating power source for the vehicle 1 , but also serve as a driving power source for the vehicle 1 , replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1 .

[0074] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2A schematic diagram of the structure of a battery device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application. The battery device 10 includes a housing 11 and a battery cell 30, and the battery cell 30 is accommodated in the housing 11. The housing 11 is used to provide a storage space for the battery cell 30, and the housing 11 can adopt a variety of structures. In some embodiments, the housing 11 may include a first sub-housing 111 and a second sub-housing 112, and the first sub-housing 111 and the second sub-housing 112 cover each other, and the first sub-housing 111 and the second sub-housing 112 jointly define a storage space for accommodating the battery cell 30. The second sub-box 112 may be a hollow structure with one end open, and the first sub-box 111 may be a plate-like structure, and the first sub-box 111 covers the open side of the second sub-box 112, so that the first sub-box 111 and the second sub-box 112 jointly define a storage space; the first sub-box 111 and the second sub-box 112 may also be hollow structures both with one side open, and the open side of the first sub-box 111 covers the open side of the second sub-box 112.

[0075] In the battery device 10, there may be multiple battery cells 30, and the multiple battery cells 30 may be connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed connection. A mixed connection means that the multiple battery cells 30 are both connected in series and in parallel. The multiple battery cells 30 may be directly connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed connection, and then the whole formed by the multiple battery cells 30 is accommodated in the box 11; of course, the battery device 10 may also be a battery module 20 in the form of multiple battery cells 30 connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed connection, and then the multiple battery modules 20 are connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed connection to form a whole, and accommodated in the box 11. The battery device 10 may also include other structures, for example, the battery device 10 may also include a busbar component for realizing electrical connection between the multiple battery cells 30.

[0076] The battery cell 30 may be a secondary battery or a primary battery; the battery cell 30 may also be a lithium-sulfur battery, a sodium-ion battery or a magnesium-ion battery, but is not limited thereto.

[0077] Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the battery cell 30 in the battery device 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 3 As shown, the battery cell 30 includes a housing 31, an electrode assembly 32 and an electrode terminal 33. The housing 31 includes a shell 311 and an end cap 312. The shell 311 has an opening, and the end cap 312 closes the opening to isolate the internal environment of the battery cell 30 from the external environment.

[0078] The shell 311 is a component used to cooperate with the end cap 312 to form the internal environment of the battery cell 30, wherein the formed internal environment can be used to accommodate the electrode assembly 32, the electrolyte and other components. The shell 311 and the end cap 312 can be independent components. The shell 311 can be of various shapes and sizes. Specifically, the shape of the shell 311 can be determined according to the specific shape and size of the electrode assembly 32. The material of the shell 311 can be various, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc.

[0079] The end cap 312 refers to a component that covers the opening of the shell 311 to isolate the internal environment of the battery cell 30 from the external environment. Without limitation, the shape of the end cap 312 can be adapted to the shape of the shell 311 to match the shell 311. Optionally, the end cap 312 can be made of a material with a certain hardness and strength (such as aluminum alloy), so that the end cap 312 is not easily deformed when squeezed and collided, so that the battery cell 30 can have a higher structural strength and reliability can also be improved. Functional components such as electrode terminals 33 can be provided on the end cap 312. The electrode terminal 33 can be used to electrically connect to the electrode assembly 32 for outputting or inputting electrical energy of the battery cell 30. The material of the end cap 312 can also be a variety of materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc., and the embodiments of the present application do not impose any special restrictions on this. In some embodiments, an insulating structure may be provided inside the end cap 312, and the insulating structure may be used to isolate the electrical connection components in the housing 311 from the end cap 312 to reduce the risk of short circuit. For example, the insulating structure may be plastic, rubber, or the like.

[0080] The electrode assembly 32 is a component in the battery cell 30 where an electrochemical reaction occurs. One or more electrode assemblies 32 may be included in the housing 311. The electrode assembly 32 is mainly formed by winding or stacking the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet, and a separator is usually provided between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet, and the separator is used to separate the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet to avoid short circuits between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet. The parts of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet with active materials constitute the electrode body 321 of the electrode assembly 32, and the parts of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet without active materials each constitute the tabs 322. The positive tab and the negative tab may be located together at one end of the electrode body 321 or at both ends of the electrode body 321, respectively. During the charge and discharge process of the battery cell 30, the positive active material and the negative active material react with the electrolyte, and the tabs 322 are connected to the electrode terminals 33 to form a current loop.

[0081] In some embodiments, a first pressure relief mechanism 34 is disposed on the housing 31 , and the first pressure relief mechanism 34 is used to release the internal pressure of the battery cell 30 .

[0082] As an example, when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 30 reaches a predetermined threshold, it is actuated to release the internal pressure or temperature. When the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 30 reaches a predetermined threshold, the first pressure relief mechanism 34 performs an action or a weak structure provided in the first pressure relief mechanism 34 is destroyed, thereby forming an opening or channel for the internal pressure or temperature to be released. The threshold design varies according to different design requirements. The threshold may depend on one or more materials of the positive electrode plate, the negative electrode plate, the electrolyte and the separator in the battery cell 30.

[0083] As an example, the first pressure relief mechanism 34 may be integrally formed with the housing 31 . For example, a notch is made on the housing 31 to form a weak structure, and the weak structure serves as the first pressure relief mechanism 34 .

[0084] The first pressure relief mechanism 34 may also be separately provided and connected to the housing 31. For example, the first pressure relief mechanism 34 is welded or connected to the housing 31 through other components. As an example, a notch is provided on the first pressure relief mechanism 34 to form a weak structure.

[0085] As an example, the first pressure relief mechanism 34 may be in the form of an explosion-proof valve, a balancing valve, a gas valve, a pressure relief valve, or a safety valve.

[0086] The "actuation" mentioned in this application means that the first pressure relief mechanism 34 is in action or activated to a certain state, so that the internal pressure and temperature of the battery cell 30 can be released. The action produced by the first pressure relief mechanism 34 may include but is not limited to: the components in the first pressure relief mechanism 34 move to form an exhaust channel, at least a part of the first pressure relief mechanism 34 ruptures, breaks, is torn or opened, and so on. When the first pressure relief mechanism 34 is actuated, the high-temperature and high-pressure substances inside the battery cell 30 will be discharged from the actuated part as emissions. In this way, the battery cell 30 can be depressurized and cooled under controllable pressure or temperature, thereby avoiding potential more serious accidents.

[0087] The emissions from the battery cells 30 mentioned in the present application include, but are not limited to: electrolyte, dissolved or split positive and negative electrode plates, fragments of the isolation membrane, high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated by the reaction, flames, and the like.

[0088] First, as Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the battery device 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a battery cell 30, a housing 11, a second pressure relief mechanism 40 and a condensation member 50. The battery cell 30 has a first pressure relief mechanism 34. The housing 11 has a receiving chamber 11a. The battery cell 30 is received in the receiving chamber 11a. The housing 11 has an exhaust passage 11b. The exhaust passage 11b is connected to the receiving chamber 11a. The second pressure relief mechanism 40 is provided in the housing 11. The exhaust passage 11b is configured to guide the discharge discharged by the first pressure relief mechanism 34 to the second pressure relief mechanism 40. The condensation member 50 is provided in the exhaust passage 11b. The condensation member 50 includes condensation nucleus particles.

[0089] In the event of thermal runaway of the battery cell 30 , the first pressure relief mechanism 34 is activated to release pressure.

[0090] The housing 11 has an exhaust passage 11b, which is configured to guide the exhaust discharged from the battery cell 30 to the second pressure relief mechanism 40. The exhaust passage 11b can be located on the path from the first pressure relief mechanism 34 of the battery cell 30 to the second pressure relief mechanism 40 provided in the housing 11. Optionally, the exhaust passage 11b can be located inside the relevant wall of the housing 11, or a part of the exhaust passage 11b can be located inside the accommodating chamber 11a. Of course, a part of the exhaust passage 11b can be located inside the accommodating chamber 11a, and another part can be located inside the relevant wall of the housing 11. Therefore, the condensation member 50 can be provided in the accommodating chamber 11a, or the condensation member 50 can also be provided in the wall of the housing 11. Of course, the condensation member 50 can also be provided in both the accommodating chamber 11a and the wall of the housing 11. The specific selection can be made according to actual needs.

[0091] The condensation nucleus particles in the condensation member 50 may be solid particles that play a core role in the condensation process of the droplets. The vapor droplets in the exhaust generated during the thermal runaway of the battery device 10 may condense and aggregate into water droplets when encountering the condensation nucleus particles.

[0092] The condensation nucleus particles may include a variety of chemical substances as long as they can play a condensation role in the exhaust passage 11 b.

[0093] The condensing element 50 is disposed in the exhaust passage 11 b . Optionally, the condensing element 50 may be attached to the inner wall of the exhaust passage 11 b , or the condensing element 50 may be disposed in a related structure in the exhaust passage 11 b .

[0094] When the battery device 10 is in thermal runaway, the first pressure relief mechanism 34 of the battery cell 30 is actuated, and the exhaust inside the battery cell 30 flows into the exhaust passage 11 b through the first pressure relief mechanism 34 and flows to the second pressure relief mechanism 40 through the exhaust passage 11 b.

[0095] When the emission discharged from the battery cell 30 passes through the exhaust passage 11b, the droplets in the emission will condense and agglomerate at the condensation nucleus particles when encountering the condensation nucleus particles, and settle and remain in the exhaust passage 11b. Since some harmful substances in the emission are dissolved in the droplets as solutes, the harmful substances in the emission will also be retained in the exhaust passage 11b together with the droplets during the condensation process of the droplets.

[0096] The battery device 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application is provided with a condensation member 50 in the exhaust channel 11b, and the condensation member 50 is provided to include condensation nucleus particles, so that in the case of thermal runaway of the battery device 10, when the emissions generated by the battery cells 30 are discharged to the outside of the battery device 10 through the exhaust channel 11b, small droplets and harmful substances in the emissions will condense and agglomerate when encountering the condensation nucleus particles, and will settle and be preserved inside the exhaust channel 11b, which is beneficial to reducing the content of harmful substances discharged into the environment in the case of thermal runaway of the battery device 10, and further beneficial to reducing the pollution to the environment in the case of thermal runaway of the battery device 10.

[0097] In some embodiments, the particle size d of the condensation nucleus particles satisfies: 0.1 μm≤d≤30 μm.

[0098] The condensation nucleus particles are in granular form, so the condensation nucleus particles can be better retained in the exhaust passage 11 b, which is beneficial to reducing the risk of leakage of the condensation nucleus particles during the use of the battery device 10.

[0099] Optionally, the condensation nucleus particles may be spherical, ellipsoidal or other irregular shapes. The particle size d of the condensation nucleus particles may not be the absolute particle size of the particles. For non-spherical condensation nucleus particles, the particle size of the condensation nucleus particles may be the equivalent sphere diameter with the same volume, which may be measured based on the scattered light signal.

[0100] The measurement method of the particle size d of condensation nucleus particles can refer to relevant standards, such as GB / T 29022-2021 "Particle size analysis - Dynamic light scattering method (DLS)" and GB / T 44223-2024 "Technical requirements for nanotechnology dynamic light scattering particle size analyzer".

[0101] Optionally, the method for measuring scattered light signals may include: a laser beam passes through condensation nucleus particles, the direction and intensity of the scattered light are related to the particle size of the condensation nucleus particles, the direction of scattered light from larger particles is closer to the straight line direction of the scattered light source, while the scattered light from smaller particles is more inclined to be perpendicular to the direction of the incident light, the scattered light is received by a series of detectors (usually distributed at different angles) and converted into electrical signals, and the scattered light intensity received at different angles is converted into particle size distribution information through a specific algorithm.

[0102] Alternatively, the particle diameter d of the condensation core particles may be 0.1 μm, 0.2 μm, 0.3 μm, 0.4 μm, 0.5 μm, 0.6 μm, 0.7 μm, 0.8 μm, 0.9 μm, 1 μm, 2 μm, 3 μm, 4 μm, 5 μm, 6 μm, 7 μm, 8 μm, 9 μm, 10μm, 11μm, 12μm, 13μm, 14μm, 15μm, 16μm, 17μm, 18μm, 19μm, 20μm, 21μm, 22μm, 23μm, 24μm, 25μm, 26μm, 27μm, 28μm, 29μm or 30μm, etc.

[0103] It can be understood that, to a certain extent, the smaller the particle size of the condensation nucleus particle is, the higher its efficiency as a core in the droplet condensation process is, that is, the higher the condensation efficiency of the condensation nucleus particle is. It should be noted that the condensation efficiency here can be the ratio of the mass of the liquid collected after condensation to the total mass of the exhaust passage 11b where the condensation nucleus particle is located. To a certain extent, the larger the particle size of the condensation nucleus particle is, the larger the surface area that can be provided for condensing droplets is.

[0104] After systematic analysis and long-term practice, the applicant found that by setting the particle size d of the condensation nucleus particles to satisfy: 0.1μm≤d≤30μm, it is beneficial to increase the surface area of ​​the condensation nucleus particles used to condense emissions, while also helping to enhance the role of the condensation nucleus particles as the core in the emission condensation process, thereby improving the condensation efficiency of the condensation nucleus particles.

[0105] In some embodiments, the particle size d of the condensation nucleus particles satisfies: 2 μm≤d≤10 μm.

[0106] Optionally, the particle size d of the condensation nucleus particles can be 2μm, 2.5μm, 3μm, 3.5μm, 4μm, 4.5μm, 5μm, 5.5μm, 6μm, 6.5μm, 7μm, 7.5μm, 8μm, 8.5μm, 9μm, 9.5μm or 10μm, etc.

[0107] It can be understood that, to a certain extent, the smaller the particle size of the condensation nucleus particle is, the higher its efficiency as a core in the process of condensation of the exhaust, that is, the higher the condensation efficiency of the condensation nucleus particle is. It should be noted that the condensation efficiency here can be the percentage of the ratio of the mass of the liquid collected after condensation to the total mass of the exhaust passage 11b where the condensation nucleus particle is located. To a certain extent, the larger the particle size of the condensation nucleus particle is, the larger the surface area it can provide for condensing the exhaust.

[0108] To this end, the applicant conducted a simulation experiment and tested the condensation efficiency of condensation nuclei particles of different particle sizes. The results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0109] Table 1 Coagulation efficiency corresponding to condensation nuclei of different particle sizes

[0110]

[0111] After further systematic analysis and long-term practice, the applicant found that by setting the particle size d of the condensation nucleus particles to satisfy: 2μm≤d≤10μm, it is beneficial to further increase the surface area of ​​the condensation nucleus particles used to condense emissions, and it is also beneficial to further enhance the role of the condensation nucleus particles as the core in the emission condensation process, thereby improving the condensation efficiency of the condensation nucleus particles.

[0112] In some embodiments, the material of the condensation nucleus particles may include phosphate ester, carbonate ester, phosphate, carbonate or sulfonate.

[0113] When the battery cell 30 in the battery device 10 is in thermal runaway, the component discharged along with the exhaust is mainly the electrolyte of the battery cell 30 , because the main components of the solute of the electrolyte are carbonate or phosphate compounds, carbonate, phosphate and sulfonate.

[0114] According to the principle of like dissolves like, the material of the condensation nucleus particles is set to phosphate, carbonate, phosphate, carbonate or sulfonate. The condensation nucleus particles have higher chemical stability, can provide condensation function stably for a long time, and are beneficial to improving the chemical affinity between the condensation nucleus particles and the emissions. The condensation nucleus particles have better molecular recognition and adsorption capabilities for emissions, enhance the formation of droplets and accelerate the condensation process of droplets.

[0115] In addition, the chemical composition of the condensation nucleus particles and the emissions is similar, and the compatibility of the two is enhanced, which is beneficial to reducing the interfacial tension between the condensation nucleus particles and the emissions, promoting liquid phase transfer, reducing the nucleation potential barrier, etc., which is beneficial to promote the contact and interaction between the emissions and the condensation nucleus particles, enhance the nucleation probability of the emissions on the condensation nucleus particles, and accelerate the condensation process.

[0116] Furthermore, the condensation nucleus particles are similar in composition to the recovered emissions, which can reduce the complexity and processing costs of subsequent separation and purification steps, and make it easier to process the recovered mixture to facilitate the extraction of pure recovered materials for recycling.

[0117] Therefore, setting the material of the condensation nucleus particles to phosphate ester, carbonate ester, phosphate, carbonate or sulfonate is beneficial to increase the condensation rate of emissions, accelerate the emission condensation process, and improve the stability of the condensation nucleus particles, so that the condensation nucleus particles can provide condensation effect stably for a long time, and is also beneficial to reduce the subsequent processing costs of the condensation nucleus particles and emissions, and facilitate the recycling of the condensation nucleus particles.

[0118] In some embodiments, Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the condensation element 50 includes a condensation nucleus coating 51, and the condensation nucleus coating 51 includes a plurality of condensation nucleus particles. The condensation nucleus coating 51 is disposed on the inner wall of the exhaust passage 11b.

[0119] Optionally, the condensation nucleus particles may be coated on the inner wall of the exhaust passage 11 b by sputtering, coating, spraying or adsorption to form a condensation nucleus coating 51 , and the condensation nucleus coating 51 may be in a solid state.

[0120] In this way, the condensation nucleus particles can be more stably retained in the exhaust passage 11 b , which is beneficial to improving the reliability of the condensation nucleus particles in condensing the exhaust gas in the event of thermal runaway of the battery cell 30 .

[0121] In some embodiments, Figure 6 As shown, the maximum thickness e of the condensation nucleus coating 51 satisfies: 10 μm ≤ e ≤ 150 μm.

[0122] Optionally, the thickness of the condensation nucleus coating 51 in different regions may be uniform, or the thickness of the condensation nucleus coating 51 in different regions may be different.

[0123] Optionally, the thickness e may be 10 μm, 20 μm, 30 μm, 40 μm, 50 μm, 60 μm, 70 μm, 80 μm, 90 μm, 100 μm, 110 μm, 120 μm, 130 μm, 140 μm or 150 μm, etc.

[0124] The applicant has found through systematic analysis and long-term practice that setting 10 μm ≤ e ≤ 150 μm is beneficial to improving the stability of condensation nucleus particles adhering to the inner wall of the exhaust passage 11 b while also improving the condensation efficiency of the condensation nucleus particles on the exhaust gas.

[0125] In some embodiments, 20 μm≤e≤100 μm.

[0126] Optionally, the thickness e can be 20 μm, 30 μm, 40 μm, 50 μm, 60 μm, 70 μm, 80 μm, 90 μm or 100 μm, etc.

[0127] After further systematic analysis and long-term practice, the applicant found that setting 20 μm ≤ e ≤ 100 μm is beneficial to further improve the stability of condensation nucleus particles attached to the inner wall of the exhaust passage 11 b, while also further improving the condensation efficiency of condensation nucleus particles on emissions.

[0128] To this end, the applicant conducted a simulation test and found that when the average thickness of the condensation nucleus coating 51 was between 20 μm and 100 μm, the condensation efficiency of the condensation nucleus coating 51 was between 75% and 92%, meeting the relevant requirements.

[0129] The average thickness (μm) of the condensation nucleus coating 51 can be measured by selecting 10 sites in the exhaust channel 11 b through microscopic imaging techniques such as Cross-Sectional SEM (scanning electron microscope) or AFM (atomic force microscope), and measuring the average distance from the wall base to the outermost layer of the condensation nucleus coating 51 as the average thickness of the condensation nucleus coating 51.

[0130] In some embodiments, the melting point T of the condensing member 50 satisfies: T≥1000°C.

[0131] Optionally, the melting point T of the condensing member 50 may be 1000° C., 1100° C., 1200° C., 1300° C., 1400° C., 1500° C., or 1600° C., etc.

[0132] It is understandable that in the event of thermal runaway of the battery device 10, the temperature of the smoke generated by the battery device 10 is generally below 1000°C. Setting the melting point T of the condensing element 50 to satisfy T≥1000°C is beneficial to reducing the risk of the condensing element 50 melting at high temperatures, thereby helping to improve the reliability of the condensing element 50 in condensing emissions.

[0133] In some embodiments, Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the box body 11 includes a frame 113 , which is disposed around the accommodating cavity 11 a , and at least a portion of the exhaust passage 11 b is disposed in the frame 113 .

[0134] The frame 113 can play a supporting role in the box body 11 , so that the box body 11 has a certain structural strength to support the battery cells 30 in the box body 11 .

[0135] At least a portion of the exhaust passage 11 b is disposed within the frame 113 . The frame 113 can be used to dispose the exhaust passage 11 b , which is beneficial to simplifying the structure of the box body 11 without affecting the structural strength of the box body 11 , thereby reducing the production cost of the battery device 10 .

[0136] In some embodiments, Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the frame 113 forms a hollow cavity 113b, the exhaust channel 11b includes a plurality of flow channels 113a, and the box body 11 also includes a partition 114, which is arranged in the hollow cavity 113b. The partition 114 divides the hollow cavity 113b into a plurality of flow channels 113a, and the plurality of flow channels 113a are connected end to end in sequence, and the condensing element 50 is arranged on the inner wall of the flow channel 113a.

[0137] The frame 113 may have an air inlet 1131a and an air outlet 1132a, wherein the air inlet 1131a is disposed toward the accommodating chamber 11a and communicates with the accommodating chamber 11a. The second pressure relief mechanism 40 is disposed on the frame 113 and communicates with the air outlet 1132a. The exhaust channel 11b communicates with the air inlet 1131a and the air outlet 1132a, and the exhaust flows from the air inlet 1131a through the plurality of flow channels 113a in sequence, flows to the air outlet 1132a, and flows out through the air outlet 1132a.

[0138] The condensing member 50 is disposed on the inner wall of the flow channel 113 a , and the condensing member 50 may be coated on the inner walls of the plurality of flow channels 113 a in the form of a coating.

[0139] The partition 114 divides the hollow cavity 113b in the frame 113 into a plurality of flow channels 113a. The plurality of flow channels 113a are connected end to end in sequence, and the plurality of flow channels 113a may be in an "S" shape or a "bow" shape.

[0140] It can be understood that dividing the space within the frame 113 into multiple flow channels 113a by the partition 114 is beneficial to increasing the overall length of the exhaust channel 11b and facilitating the arrangement of more condensation nucleus particles on the inner wall of the exhaust channel 11b. In the event of thermal runaway of the battery device 10, the exhaust flow through the exhaust channel 11b is longer, and the exhaust contacts the condensation nucleus particles in the exhaust channel 11b at a higher frequency and with a larger contact area, which is beneficial to improving the condensation efficiency of the exhaust and further reducing the risk of exhaust polluting the environment in the event of thermal runaway of the battery device 10.

[0141] In some embodiments, Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the box body 11 also includes an exhaust pipe 115, which forms a part of the exhaust channel 11b. The exhaust pipe 115 is arranged in the accommodating cavity 11a and connects the accommodating cavity 11a with the exhaust channel 11b in the frame 113. At least part of the condensing element 50 is arranged in the exhaust pipe 115.

[0142] By arranging an exhaust pipe 115 in the accommodating chamber 11a and arranging the exhaust pipe 115 to form at least a portion of the exhaust channel 11b, it is beneficial to increase the length of the exhaust channel 11b and facilitate the arrangement of more condensation nucleus particles to increase the contact area between the emissions and the condensation nucleus particles, further improve the condensation efficiency of the condensation nucleus particles on the emissions, and reduce the risk of emissions polluting the environment.

[0143] In a second aspect, the electrical device provided in the embodiments of the present application includes the battery device 10 provided in any of the above embodiments, and the battery device 10 is used to provide electrical energy.

[0144] The electric device provided in the embodiment of the present application has the same technical effect as the battery cell 30 or the battery device 10 provided in any of the above embodiments, and thus will not be described in detail here.

[0145] In some embodiments, Figures 2 to 8 As shown, the battery device 10 includes a battery cell 30, a box 11, a second pressure relief mechanism 40 and a condensing member 50. The box 11 has a receiving chamber 11a, the battery cell 30 is received in the receiving chamber 11a, the battery cell 30 is provided with a first pressure relief mechanism 34, the box 11 has an exhaust passage 11b, the box 11 includes a frame 113 and an exhaust cylinder 115, the frame 113 is formed with a hollow cavity 113b, the exhaust cylinder 115 forms a part of the exhaust passage 11b, and the exhaust cylinder 115 connects the receiving chamber 11a and the hollow cavity 113b. The second pressure relief mechanism 40 is provided in the box 11, and the exhaust passage 11b is configured to guide the exhaust discharged by the first pressure relief mechanism 34 to the second pressure relief mechanism 40. The condensation element 50 includes a condensation nucleus coating 51, which includes a plurality of condensation nucleus particles. The condensation nucleus coating 51 is disposed on the inner wall of the exhaust passage 11b, and the maximum thickness e of the condensation nucleus coating 51 satisfies: 10μm≤e≤150μm. The particle size d of the condensation nucleus particles satisfies: 0.1μm≤d≤30μm. The material of the condensation nucleus particles includes phosphate, carbonate, phosphate, carbonate or sulfonate. The melting point T of the condensation element 50 satisfies: T≥1000°C. The exhaust passage 11b includes a plurality of flow channels 113a, and the housing 11 also includes a partition 114, which is disposed in the hollow cavity 113b, and the partition 114 divides the hollow cavity 113b into a plurality of flow channels 113a, and the plurality of flow channels 113a are connected end to end in sequence.

[0146] The battery device 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application is provided with a condensation member 50 in the exhaust channel 11b, and the condensation member 50 is provided to include condensation nucleus particles, so that in the case of thermal runaway of the battery device 10, when the emissions generated by the battery cells 30 are discharged to the outside of the battery device 10 through the exhaust channel 11b, small droplets in the emissions and harmful substances therein will condense and agglomerate when encountering the condensation nucleus particles, and will settle and be preserved inside the exhaust channel 11b, which is beneficial to reducing the content of harmful substances discharged into the environment in the case of thermal runaway of the battery device 10, and further beneficial to reducing the pollution to the environment in the case of thermal runaway of the battery device 10.

[0147] Although the present application has been described with reference to preferred embodiments, various modifications may be made thereto and parts thereof may be replaced with equivalents without departing from the scope of the present application. In particular, the various technical features mentioned in the various embodiments may be combined in any manner as long as there are no structural conflicts. The present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A battery device, characterized in that: include: A battery cell having a first pressure relief mechanism; A box body having a containing cavity, wherein the battery cell is contained in the containing cavity, and the box body having an exhaust passage, wherein the exhaust passage is connected to the containing cavity; a second pressure relief mechanism, provided in the housing, wherein the exhaust passage is configured to guide the exhaust discharged by the first pressure relief mechanism to the second pressure relief mechanism; The condensing element is arranged in the exhaust passage, and the condensing element includes condensation nucleus particles.

2. The battery device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The particle size d of the condensation nucleus particles satisfies: 0.1 μm≤d≤30 μm.

3. The battery device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The particle size d of the condensation nucleus particles satisfies: 2 μm≤d≤10 μm.

4. The battery device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the condensation nucleus particles is phosphate, carbonate, phosphate, carbonate or sulfonate.

5. The battery device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The condensation element includes a condensation nucleus coating, the condensation nucleus coating includes a plurality of condensation nucleus particles, and the condensation nucleus coating is arranged on the inner wall of the exhaust passage.

6. The battery device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The maximum thickness e of the condensation nucleus coating satisfies: 10 μm≤e≤150 μm.

7. The battery device according to claim 6, characterized in that: 20μm≤e≤100μm.

8. The battery device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The melting point T of the condensed member satisfies: T≥1000°C.

9. The battery device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The box body comprises a frame, the frame is arranged around the accommodating cavity, and at least a part of the exhaust passage is arranged in the frame.

10. The battery device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The frame forms a hollow cavity, the exhaust channel includes a plurality of flow channels, the box body also includes a partition, the partition is arranged in the hollow cavity, the partition divides the hollow cavity into a plurality of the flow channels, the plurality of the flow channels are connected end to end in sequence, and the condensing element is arranged on the inner wall of the flow channel.

11. The battery device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The box body also includes an exhaust pipe, which forms a part of the exhaust passage. The exhaust pipe is arranged in the accommodating cavity and connects the accommodating cavity with the exhaust passage in the frame. At least part of the condensing element is arranged in the exhaust pipe.

12. An electrical device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a battery device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the battery device is used to provide electrical energy.

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