Distributed temperature control system and energy storage system

Abstract

The utility model provides a distributed temperature control system and an energy storage system, mainly solving the problem of high cost of the existing energy storage system, the distributed temperature control system comprises a heat exchange unit, a heat conveying unit and a heat processing unit, the heat exchange unit is used for exchanging heat with each battery module in the energy storage equipment; the heat conveying unit is connected with the heat exchange units and the heat treatment units of the N energy storage devices and used for conveying liquid media between the N energy storage devices and the heat treatment units. The heat treatment unit is used for conducting heat treatment on the liquid medium conveyed by the heat conveying unit. According to the distributed temperature control system, unified and centralized heat management is carried out on the multiple energy storage devices in the energy storage system, compared with an existing energy storage system in which the energy storage devices are provided with the temperature control systems respectively, the multiple energy storage devices share the energy storage system of the temperature control system, the manufacturing cost of the whole energy storage system is greatly reduced, and the energy storage efficiency is improved. And meanwhile, maintenance and management of the whole energy storage system are facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of energy storage batteries, and specifically relates to a distributed temperature control system and an energy storage system. Background Art

[0002] With the development of new energy sources such as solar energy and wind energy, energy storage technology has also developed. Lithium batteries have gradually become the mainstream product for energy storage due to their advantages such as high energy, long service life, high rated voltage, high power tolerance and low self-discharge rate.

[0003] With the large-scale application of lithium battery energy storage equipment, the safe use of lithium-ion batteries has also attracted attention. In order to ensure the safe and reliable operation of energy storage equipment, the energy storage equipment is equipped with a temperature control system to control the temperature of each battery module in the energy storage equipment, so that each battery module always works in a suitable temperature environment. However, the temperature control system configured separately for each energy storage device makes the cost of the entire energy storage system high. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the problem of high cost of existing energy storage systems, the utility model provides a distributed temperature control system and an energy storage system.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the utility model is:

[0006] A distributed temperature control system is used for an energy storage system, the energy storage system includes N energy storage devices, the energy storage devices include multiple battery modules, the distributed temperature control system includes a heat exchange unit, a heat transfer unit and a heat processing unit; the heat exchange unit is used to exchange heat with each battery module in the energy storage device; the heat transfer unit is respectively connected to the heat exchange unit and the heat processing unit of the N energy storage devices, and is used to realize the transfer of liquid medium between the N energy storage devices and the heat processing unit; the heat processing unit is used to perform heat treatment on the liquid medium transferred by the heat transfer unit.

[0007] Furthermore, the heat exchange unit is a heat transfer tube, which is used to exchange heat with the polarity terminals of each battery module in the energy storage device.

[0008] Furthermore, the heat transfer tube is a metal tube, and the metal tube has at least one of an insulating layer and an insulating sleeve.

[0009] Furthermore, the heat transfer unit includes a liquid supply pipeline, a liquid return pipeline, and N groups of liquid inlet pipelines and N groups of liquid outlet pipelines; the liquid supply pipeline is respectively connected to the heat treatment unit and the N groups of liquid inlet pipelines, and is used to divert the liquid medium in the heat treatment unit to N energy storage devices; each group of liquid inlet pipelines is respectively connected to the heat exchange unit of a single energy storage device, and is used to divert the liquid medium in the liquid supply pipeline to the heat exchange unit of each battery module; the liquid return pipeline is respectively connected to the heat treatment unit and the N groups of liquid outlet pipelines, and is used to converge the liquid medium in the N energy storage devices to the heat treatment unit; each group of liquid outlet pipelines is respectively connected to the heat exchange unit of a single energy storage device, and is used to converge the liquid medium after heat exchange with each battery module to the liquid return pipeline.

[0010] Furthermore, flow regulating devices are provided on the liquid inlet pipeline and the liquid outlet pipeline.

[0011] Furthermore, the inlet and outlet pipes of the heat treatment unit are provided with blocking joints, and the blocking joints can block the liquid medium in the heat treatment unit when the heat treatment unit is installed and disassembled.

[0012] Furthermore, the heat processing unit is arranged in an empty energy storage box.

[0013] The utility model also provides an energy storage system, which includes multiple energy storage devices and the above-mentioned distributed temperature control system. The energy storage devices include an energy storage box and multiple battery modules arranged in the energy storage box. Each battery module is connected to a heat exchange unit to perform heat exchange.

[0014] Furthermore, the battery module includes an outer shell and a plurality of single cells; the plurality of single cells are arranged in the outer shell in the same direction; the outer shell is provided with a shared chamber, the inner cavity of the shared chamber is connected with the inner cavities of all the single cells; avoidance holes are provided on the top plate of the outer shell corresponding to the polarity terminals of each single cell; the polarity terminals of each single cell extend out of the avoidance holes, and the top plate area of ​​the outer shell corresponding to the avoidance holes is fixedly sealed with the shell of the single cell.

[0015] Furthermore, a through slot or through hole is provided at the position where each single cell polarity terminal extends out of the avoidance hole, and the heat exchange unit is a heat transfer tube, which is fixed in the through slot or through hole of each single cell polarity terminal, and the heat transfer tube is insulated from each single cell.

[0016] Furthermore, it also includes a distributed fire protection system, which includes a smoke conveying unit and a smoke treatment unit; the smoke conveying unit is used to gather the thermal runaway smoke of each energy storage device in the energy storage system to the smoke treatment unit; the smoke treatment unit is used to centrally treat the thermal runaway smoke of each energy storage device.

[0017] Furthermore, the flue gas treatment unit includes at least one of a flue gas cooling device, a liquid treatment device, a solid treatment device, a gas generating device, an exhaust device and an ignition device.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the utility model has the following advantages:

[0019] 1. The utility model provides a distributed temperature control system, which includes a heat exchange unit, a heat transfer unit and a heat processing unit. The heat exchange unit is used to exchange heat with each battery module in the energy storage device; the heat transfer unit is used to realize the transfer of liquid medium between N energy storage devices and the heat processing unit, and the heat processing unit is used to perform heat treatment on the liquid medium transferred by the heat transfer unit. The distributed temperature control system performs unified and centralized thermal management on multiple energy storage devices in the energy storage system. Compared with the existing energy storage system in which each energy storage device is provided with a temperature control system, multiple energy storage devices in the energy storage system of the utility model share a set of temperature control systems, which not only greatly reduces the production cost of the entire energy storage system, but also facilitates the maintenance and management of the entire energy storage system.

[0020] 2. In the distributed temperature control system of the utility model, the heat exchange unit is a heat transfer tube, which is in direct contact with the polarity terminals of each battery module, so that the heat of the polarity terminals of the battery module is timely discharged, achieving effective heat dissipation of each single battery in the battery module and improving the safety of the battery module.

[0021] 3. In the distributed temperature control system of the utility model, an insulating layer and an insulating sleeve are provided on the heat transfer tube, so that when the heat transfer tube and the battery module perform heat exchange, reliable insulation performance can be maintained, thereby improving the safety of the heat transfer tube and the battery module during use.

[0022] 4. In the distributed temperature control system of the utility model, the heat transfer unit includes a liquid supply pipeline, a liquid return pipeline, and N groups of liquid inlet pipelines and N groups of liquid outlet pipelines; this pipeline connection method for diverting the liquid medium makes it possible for the heat treatment unit to only have one liquid inlet and one liquid outlet, and the structure of the heat treatment unit is relatively simple.

[0023] 5. In the distributed temperature control system of the utility model, flow regulating devices are provided on the liquid inlet pipeline and the liquid outlet pipeline, through which the flow regulating devices are used to control the flow of the liquid medium in each energy storage device to ensure that each energy storage device operates within a preferred temperature range.

[0024] 6. In the distributed temperature control system of the utility model, the inlet and outlet pipes of the heat treatment unit are provided with blocking joints, which can prevent the outflow of liquid medium in the heat treatment unit when the heat treatment unit is repaired, without the need for corresponding drainage operations, thereby improving the convenience and reliability during maintenance.

[0025] 7. In the distributed temperature control system of the utility model, the heat processing unit is arranged in an empty energy storage box, which can provide safety protection for the heat processing unit and increase its service life. At the same time, this arrangement makes the entire energy storage system easy to standardize and modularize, easy to manage and maintain on site, and also aesthetically pleasing.

[0026] 8. The energy storage system of the utility model also includes a distributed fire-fighting system, which centrally treats the thermal runaway smoke generated by multiple energy storage devices in the energy storage system. Compared with the solution of separately providing smoke treatment for each energy storage device in the prior art, the distributed fire-fighting system can not only improve the safety of the energy storage device during use, but also reduce the number of smoke treatment units, thereby significantly reducing the production cost of the entire energy storage system.

[0027] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be embodied in part through the following description, and in part will be understood by those skilled in the art through research and practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0029] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the coordination between the distributed temperature control system and the energy storage system in Example 1 and Example 2;

[0030] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the heat exchange unit, the heat transfer unit and the energy storage device in Example 1;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the heat exchange unit and the battery module in Example 1;

[0032] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a heat transfer unit in Example 1;

[0033] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the blocking connector in Example 1;

[0034] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the energy storage system in Example 3.

[0035] Figure markings: 1-energy storage device, 2-heat exchange unit, 3-heat transfer unit, 4-heat treatment unit, 5-blocking joint, 6-smoke transfer unit, 7-smoke treatment unit, 11-energy storage box, 12-battery module, 121-polarity terminal, 21-heat transfer pipe, 31-liquid supply pipeline, 32-liquid return pipeline, 33-liquid inlet pipeline, 34-liquid outlet pipeline, 35-flow regulating device, 331-first-level liquid inlet pipe, 332-second-level liquid inlet pipe, 333-third-level liquid inlet pipe, 341-first-level liquid outlet pipe, 342-second-level liquid outlet pipe, 343-third-level liquid outlet pipe, 51-joint end pipe, 52-regulating valve, 53-welding chuck. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the utility model more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the utility model are described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings of the specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the utility model, but not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary persons in the field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0037] The "other embodiments" that appear in different places in this specification do not all refer to the same embodiment, nor are they separate or selective embodiments that are mutually exclusive with other embodiments. In the description of this specification, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. In the description of this utility model, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically limited.

[0038] In the description of this specification, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the term "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection, an indirect connection through an intermediate, or the internal communication of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0039] At the same time, in the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "top, bottom, inside and outside" are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0040] The utility model provides a distributed temperature control system, which is mainly used in an energy storage system. The energy storage system includes N energy storage devices, each of which includes an energy storage box and multiple battery modules arranged in the energy storage box. The multiple battery modules are connected in series, in parallel, or in series and in parallel to meet the capacity requirements of the energy storage device. The above-mentioned battery module refers to a battery module formed by connecting multiple single cells in parallel or in series. A shell for protecting the battery module is provided on the outside of the battery module. In some cases, the shell can also be omitted.

[0041] The above-mentioned distributed temperature control system includes a heat exchange unit, a heat transfer unit and a heat processing unit. The distributed temperature control system centrally processes the heat generated by the battery modules of multiple energy storage devices in the energy storage system. Compared with the solution of separately setting a temperature control system for each energy storage device in the existing energy storage system, multiple energy storage devices share a set of temperature control systems, which can not only reduce the production cost of the entire energy storage system, but also improve the safety of the energy storage equipment during use, and facilitate its maintenance and management. Secondly, after the heat generated by the battery modules of each energy storage device is centrally processed outside the energy storage box of each energy storage device, it can facilitate the arrangement and installation of various components in the energy storage device, improve the space utilization rate inside the energy storage box, facilitate the integration of energy storage equipment, and thus increase the capacity of the energy storage device.

[0042] Example 1

[0043] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the distributed temperature control system provided in this embodiment includes a heat exchange unit 2, a heat transfer unit 3 and a heat processing unit 4; the heat exchange unit 2 is used to perform heat exchange with each battery module 12 in the energy storage device 1; the heat transfer unit 3 is respectively connected to N energy storage devices 1 and the heat processing unit 4, and is used to realize the transportation of liquid medium between N energy storage devices 1 and the heat processing unit 4; the heat processing unit 4 is used to perform heat exchange on the liquid medium in the heat transfer unit 3.

[0044] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the heat exchange unit 2 is mainly used for heat exchange with each battery module 12 in the energy storage device 1. The heat exchange unit 2 can be a heat transfer plate or heat transfer tube in contact with the shell of the single battery in the battery module 12, or in contact with the polarity terminal 121 of each battery module 12, or in contact with the shell of the battery module 12. The heat transfer plate or heat transfer tube has an inlet and an outlet, which is connected to the heat transfer unit 3 to control the temperature of the battery module 12.

[0045] like Figure 3As shown, the heat exchange unit 2 in this embodiment is a heat transfer tube 21, which is used to exchange heat with the polarity terminals 121 of each battery module 12 in the energy storage device 1. It has been found that during the battery charging and discharging process, the temperature at the position of the polarity terminal 121 is the highest temperature of the battery. Processing the heat at the polarity terminal 121 can effectively dissipate the heat of the battery module 12, thereby achieving effective temperature control of the battery module 12. In the specific setting, the above-mentioned heat transfer tube 21 is a metal tube, and the metal tube has excellent thermal conductivity to ensure the heat exchange effect between the heat transfer tube 21 and the battery module 12. At the same time, the metal tube has at least one of an insulating layer and an insulating sleeve to ensure the insulation between the metal tube and the battery module 12 when in use. The above-mentioned insulating layer can specifically be a ceramic coating, an insulating paint, a hard oxide layer, etc., and the insulating sleeve specifically adopts a thermally conductive plastic sleeve or a thermally conductive rubber sleeve with good insulation and thermal conductivity. Optimally, an insulating layer and an insulating sleeve are provided on the heat transfer tube 21 to form a double insulation structure. This double insulation setting ensures that when the heat transfer tube 21 and the battery module 12 are exchanging heat, even if one of the insulating layer or the insulating sleeve is damaged, reliable insulation performance can be maintained between the heat transfer tube 21 and the battery module 12, thereby improving the safety of the battery module 12 during use.

[0046] The heat transfer tube 21 may be specifically manufactured and installed in the following structure:

[0047] First, the heat transfer tube 21 can be made of a whole tube, specifically an aluminum tube, which is bent into a U-shaped tube. The two straight tubes of the U-shaped tube are respectively fixed in the through grooves or through holes on the positive and negative terminals of each single battery in the battery module 12.

[0048] Second, if Figure 2 As shown, for ease of installation, the heat transfer tube 21 is a spliced ​​tube, mainly including a first tube, a second tube and a connecting tube; the first tube is fixed in the through groove or through hole of the positive terminal 121 of each single battery in the battery module 12; the second tube is fixed in the through groove or through hole of the negative terminal 121 of each single battery in the battery module 12, and both ends of the connecting tube are respectively connected to the ports of the first tube and the second tube on the same side.

[0049] The heat transfer tube 21 contains a liquid medium, which is installed on the battery module. After heat exchange with the battery module 12, the liquid medium is transported to the heat treatment unit 4 through the heat transfer unit 3. The heat transfer unit 3 is respectively connected to the N energy storage devices 1 and the heat treatment unit 4 to realize the transportation of the liquid medium between the N energy storage devices 1 and the heat treatment unit 4, which can be specifically realized by the following structure;

[0050] First, the heat transport unit 3 includes N liquid inlet pipelines 33 and N liquid outlet pipelines 34; one end of the N liquid inlet pipelines 33 and the N liquid outlet pipelines 34 are respectively connected to each heat exchange unit 2 in the N energy storage devices 1, and the other end is connected to the heat treatment unit 4. This kind of pipeline setting requires more pipelines to be installed and manufactured. At the same time, the heat treatment unit 4 needs to be provided with N liquid inlets and N liquid outlets, making the structure of the heat treatment unit 4 more complicated;

[0051] Second, if Figure 1 As shown, the heat transfer unit 3 includes a liquid supply pipeline 31, a liquid return pipeline 32, N groups of liquid inlet pipelines 33, and N groups of liquid outlet pipelines 34; the liquid supply pipeline 31 is respectively connected to the heat treatment unit 4 and the N groups of liquid inlet pipelines 33, and is used to shunt the liquid medium in the heat treatment unit 4 to the N energy storage devices 1; each group of liquid inlet pipelines 33 is respectively connected to each heat exchange unit 2 in a single energy storage box 11, and is used to shunt the liquid medium in the liquid supply pipeline 31 to the heat exchange unit 2 of each battery module 12; each group of liquid outlet pipelines 34 is respectively connected to each heat exchange unit 2 in a single energy storage box 11, and is used to converge the liquid medium after heat exchange with each battery module 12 into the liquid return pipeline 32, and the liquid return pipeline 32 is respectively connected to the heat treatment unit 4 and the N groups of liquid outlet pipelines 34, and is used to converge the liquid medium in the N energy storage devices 1 to the heat treatment unit 4.

[0052] In the second structural mode, the heat treatment unit 4 only needs to be provided with one liquid inlet and one liquid outlet interface, and the structure of the heat treatment unit 4 is relatively simple. At the same time, the manufacture and installation of the entire pipeline are also relatively convenient.

[0053] like Figure 1 As shown, a flow regulating device 35 may also be provided on the above-mentioned liquid inlet pipeline 33. The flow regulating device 35 may specifically adopt a flow regulating valve, etc. The flow regulating device 35 regulates the flow of the liquid medium in each liquid inlet pipeline 33 according to the temperature of the battery module 12 in each energy storage device 1, so that the temperature of the battery module 12 in each energy storage device 1 is within a preferred range.

[0054] The above-mentioned liquid inlet pipeline 33 and liquid outlet pipeline 34 are installed and manufactured according to the number and arrangement of the battery modules 12. For example, multiple battery modules 12 are arranged in sequence in the horizontal direction to form a battery module unit, and then multiple battery module units are arranged in sequence in the vertical direction to form a battery cluster. At this time, the liquid inlet pipeline 33 and liquid outlet pipeline 34 can be manufactured in the following manner:

[0055] First, the liquid inlet pipeline 33, the liquid outlet pipeline 34 and the heat transfer tube 21 are made of an integrated pipeline, that is, the entire energy storage device 1 includes only one pipeline for the flow of liquid medium, which can be specifically made of an aluminum tube, one end of which passes through the energy storage box 11 of the energy storage device 1 to connect with the liquid supply pipeline 31, and the other end passes through the energy storage box 11 of the energy storage device 1 to connect with the liquid return pipeline 32, and the part inside the energy storage box 11 is bent up and down and left and right many times, and is connected to the polarity terminals 121 on multiple battery modules 12 in sequence. This installation method requires many bends on the aluminum tube, and has high requirements on the quality of the pipeline. At the same time, during installation, the entire pipeline needs to be connected to the polarity terminal 121 of each battery module 12 in sequence, and the reliability and convenience of installation are relatively poor, and installation errors are prone to occur after installation.

[0056] Second, the liquid inlet pipeline 33, the liquid outlet pipeline 34 and the heat transfer tube 21 are manufactured and installed separately, and the liquid inlet pipeline 33 and the liquid outlet pipeline 34 are manufactured through multi-stage pipelines. Figure 4 As shown, the liquid inlet pipeline 33 specifically includes a primary liquid inlet pipe 331, a secondary liquid inlet pipe 332 and a tertiary liquid inlet pipe 333; the inlet of the primary liquid inlet pipe 331 is used to connect with the liquid supply pipeline 31; multiple secondary liquid inlet pipes 332 are connected to the primary liquid inlet pipe 331, and each secondary liquid inlet pipe 332 provides liquid medium to each battery module unit, that is, multiple secondary liquid inlet pipes 332 divide the liquid medium in the primary liquid inlet pipe 331 to multiple battery module units; multiple tertiary liquid inlet pipes 333 are connected to the secondary liquid inlet pipe 332, and at the same time, each tertiary liquid inlet pipe 333 is respectively connected to the inlet of the heat transfer pipe 21 of each battery module 12, and each tertiary liquid inlet pipe 333 provides liquid medium to each battery module 12 That is to say, multiple tertiary liquid inlet pipes 333 divert the liquid medium in the secondary liquid inlet pipe 332 to multiple battery modules 12; the above-mentioned liquid outlet pipeline 34 includes a primary liquid outlet pipe 341, a secondary liquid outlet pipe 342 and a tertiary liquid outlet pipe 343; each tertiary liquid outlet pipe 343 is respectively connected to the outlet of the heat transfer pipe 21 of each battery module 12, and at the same time, multiple tertiary liquid outlet pipes 343 are all connected to the secondary liquid outlet pipe 342 to gather the liquid medium after heat exchange of multiple battery modules 12 into the secondary liquid outlet pipe 342, and each secondary liquid outlet pipe 342 is connected to the primary liquid outlet pipe 341 to gather the liquid medium after heat exchange of multiple battery module units into the primary liquid outlet pipe 341, and the primary liquid outlet pipe 341 is connected to the return liquid pipeline 32.

[0057] The above-mentioned liquid inlet pipeline 33 and liquid outlet pipeline 34 are made of multi-stage pipelines, so that the liquid medium flowing out of the liquid supply pipeline 31 is divided step by step and evenly distributed to each battery module 12, and the liquid medium flow rate allocated to each battery module 12 is balanced, so that each battery module 12 in the battery cluster has a good and balanced heat dissipation effect, thereby improving the working stability and service life of the energy storage device 1.

[0058] In addition, if Figure 4 As shown, the first-level liquid inlet pipe 331, the second-level liquid inlet pipe 332, the first-level liquid outlet pipe 341, and the second-level liquid outlet pipe 342 can all be formed by splicing multiple sections of pipelines. At the same time, the third-level liquid inlet pipe 333 and the third-level liquid outlet pipe 343 are also detachably connected, making the installation, disassembly and maintenance of the entire liquid inlet pipeline 33 and the liquid outlet pipeline 34 very convenient. During subsequent maintenance, it is only necessary to remove the pipeline connector of the relevant battery module 12 without removing the entire pipeline assembly, which makes disassembly and maintenance convenient.

[0059] The heat transfer unit 3 transfers the heat generated by the battery modules 12 in the multiple energy storage devices 1 to the heat treatment unit 4 for treatment, and the heat treatment is specifically heating treatment or cooling treatment. Therefore, the heat treatment unit 4 is a device with heating and / or cooling functions, which is used to increase or decrease the temperature of the liquid medium (specifically, water, ethylene glycol / water, propylene glycol / water, methanol / water, ethanol / water, calcium formate / water, etc.) transported by the heat transfer unit 3. For example, the heat transfer unit 3 is specifically a heater, a cold and warm machine, or a refrigerator with a compressor, a water chiller, etc.

[0060] In addition, if Figure 1 As shown, the heat treatment unit 4 can also be arranged in an empty energy storage box 11. The energy storage box 11 can provide safety protection for the heat treatment unit 4 and increase its service life. At the same time, this arrangement makes the entire energy storage system easy to standardize and modularize, easy to manage and maintain on site, and also aesthetically pleasing.

[0061] like Figure 1 As shown, the heat treatment unit 4 is generally provided with an inlet pipeline and an outlet pipeline, and the heat treatment unit 4 is respectively connected to the liquid supply pipeline 31 and the liquid return pipeline 32 through the inlet pipeline and the outlet pipeline. At this time, in order to facilitate maintenance, the inlet pipeline and the outlet pipeline of the heat treatment unit 4 are provided with a blocking joint 5, and the blocking joint 5 can block the liquid medium in the heat treatment unit 4 when the heat treatment unit 4 is installed and disassembled.

[0062] like Figure 5As shown, the blocking joint 5 includes a joint end pipe 51, a regulating valve 52 and two welding chucks 53; one end of the regulating valve 52 is connected to the inlet pipeline and the outlet pipeline of the heat treatment unit 4 through the welding chuck 53, and the other end is connected to the joint end pipe 51 through the welding chuck 53. The joint end pipe 51 is used to connect with the liquid supply pipeline 31 and the liquid return pipeline 32. The regulating valve 52 can be specifically a butterfly valve. When the heat treatment unit 4 works normally, the regulating valve 52 is in a normally open state, and the liquid supply pipeline 31, the liquid return pipeline 32 and the liquid medium in the heat treatment unit 4 are in a normal circulation state. When the heat treatment unit 4 needs to be disassembled and repaired, the regulating valve 52 is closed, and the blocking joint 5 blocks the inflow and outflow of the liquid medium in the heat treatment unit 4. At this time, the liquid supply pipeline 31, the liquid return pipeline 32 and the liquid medium in the heat treatment unit 4 are in a disconnected state. Subsequently, the heat treatment unit 4 and the liquid supply pipeline 31, the liquid return pipeline 32 can be directly disassembled without performing corresponding drainage operations, thereby improving the convenience and reliability during maintenance.

[0063] Example 2

[0064] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, this embodiment provides an energy storage system, which includes multiple energy storage devices 1 and the distributed temperature control system in the above embodiment 1. The energy storage system includes multiple energy storage devices 1, each of which includes an energy storage box 11 and multiple battery modules 12 arranged in the energy storage box 11, and the multiple battery modules 12 are connected in series and parallel to meet different capacity requirements of the energy storage device 1.

[0065] In the energy storage system of this embodiment, each battery module 12 in the energy storage device 1 is connected to the heat exchange unit 2 respectively, and the battery module 12 exchanges heat with the liquid medium in the heat exchange unit 2. Subsequently, the heat transfer unit 3 transfers the liquid medium in multiple energy storage devices 1 to the heat treatment unit 4, and the heat treatment unit 4 performs heat treatment on the liquid medium in a centralized manner, so that multiple energy storage devices 1 share a distributed temperature control system. Compared with each energy storage device 1 having a temperature control system respectively, multiple energy storage devices 1 share a set of temperature control systems, which not only greatly reduces the production cost of the entire energy storage system, but also facilitates the maintenance and management of the entire energy storage system. After the heat generated by the battery modules of each energy storage device is centrally processed outside the energy storage box of each energy storage device, it can facilitate the arrangement and installation of various components in the energy storage device, improve the space utilization rate inside the energy storage box, facilitate the integration of the energy storage device, and thus increase the capacity of the energy storage device.

[0066] In the energy storage system, the heat treatment unit 4 and multiple energy storage devices 1 are arranged according to the on-site environment. Multiple energy storage devices 1 can be linearly arranged in one or two rows, and the heat treatment unit 4 is set at the end; or, multiple energy storage devices 1 are arranged radially, and the heat treatment unit 4 is set at the center.

[0067] For the energy storage device 1, in order to meet different capacity requirements, the existing energy storage device 1 sets multiple battery modules 12 in series and parallel. The above-mentioned battery module 12 can be a single cell, a PACK, or a large-capacity battery. The single cell can be an existing single cylindrical battery or square shell battery; the PACK includes multiple single cells connected in parallel, in series or in parallel. The large-capacity battery includes multiple single cells connected in parallel. For the specific structure, please refer to the large-capacity battery structure in Chinese patents CN117477063A, CN219892382U and CN220324596U.

[0068] like Figure 2 As shown, the battery module 12 in this embodiment includes a shell and a plurality of single cells; the plurality of single cells are arranged in the shell in the same direction; the shell is provided with a shared chamber, the inner cavity of the shared chamber is connected to the inner cavities of all single cells; the top plate of the shell is provided with avoidance holes corresponding to the polarity terminals 121 of each single cell; the polarity terminals 121 of each single cell extend out of the avoidance holes, and the top plate area of ​​the shell corresponding to the avoidance holes is fixedly sealed with the shell of the single cell. The above-mentioned shared chamber can be at least one of a gas shared chamber arranged at the top of the shell and an electrolyte shared chamber at the bottom of the shell.

[0069] like Figure 2 As shown, in the battery module 12, the portion where each single battery polarity terminal 121 extends out of the avoidance hole is provided with a through groove or through hole, and the heat exchange unit 2 is a heat transfer tube 21, which is fixed in the through groove or through hole of each single battery polarity terminal 121, and the heat transfer tube 21 is insulated from each single battery. The heat transfer tube 21 is connected to the heat treatment unit 4 through the heat transfer unit 3, and the heat generated by each battery module 12 in the energy storage device 1 is centrally processed outside the energy storage box 11, so that the battery modules 12 in each energy storage box 11 work within a more suitable temperature range.

[0070] Example 3

[0071] like Figure 6 As shown, the energy storage system in this embodiment is similar to the energy storage system in Example 2. The difference from Example 2 is that the energy storage system in this embodiment also includes a distributed fire protection system, which includes a smoke delivery unit 6 and a smoke treatment unit 7; the smoke delivery unit 6 is used to deliver the thermal runaway smoke in each energy storage device 1 to the smoke treatment unit 7, and the smoke treatment unit 7 is used to process the thermal runaway smoke delivered by the smoke delivery unit 6, so that the treated thermal runaway smoke will not affect the energy storage device 1.

[0072] The above-mentioned distributed fire protection system processes the thermal runaway smoke generated by multiple energy storage devices 1 in the energy storage system. Multiple energy storage devices 1 share a smoke treatment unit 7. Compared with the solution of separately setting up smoke treatment for each energy storage device 1 in the prior art, it can not only improve the safety of the energy storage device 1 during use, but also reduce the number of smoke treatment units 7, so that the production cost of the entire energy storage system is greatly reduced. In the specific setting, the above-mentioned smoke treatment unit 7 and the heat treatment unit 4 are arranged in the same empty energy storage box 11. The smoke treatment unit 7 includes at least one of a liquid treatment device, a solid treatment device, a gas generating device, a smoke cooling device, a discharge device and an ignition device, which is used to process the thermal runaway smoke discharged from each energy storage box 11, so that the discharged thermal runaway smoke will not affect the battery module 12 in the energy storage device 1.

[0073] The above-mentioned liquid treatment device includes at least one liquid treatment tank, which is filled with a liquid treatment medium. The liquid treatment medium is mainly used to fully treat the electrolyte carried in the thermal runaway flue gas to prevent the vaporized electrolyte from continuing to decompose and produce combustible gas, thereby reducing the content of combustibles (electrolyte and combustible gas) in the thermal runaway flue gas. The liquid treatment medium can specifically use the following substances:

[0074] First, the liquid treatment medium can be an organic solvent. According to the principle of like dissolves like, the organic solvent can fully treat the electrolyte carried in the thermal runaway flue gas, and at the same time can prevent the vaporized electrolyte from continuing to decompose. The organic solvent is specifically an ester solvent, an alcohol solvent or an aldehyde solvent. The ester solvent can specifically be diethyl phthalate solvent, methyl salicylate solvent, ethyl acetate solvent or butyl acetate solvent, etc. The alcohol solvent can specifically be benzyl alcohol solvent, isopentanol solvent, isobutanol solvent, isopropanol solvent, isooctyl alcohol solvent, n-propanol solvent or cyclohexanol solvent, etc. The aldehyde solvent is benzaldehyde solvent, heptaldehyde, phenylpropionaldehyde or methylnonaneacetaldehyde, etc.

[0075] Second, the liquid treatment medium is an alkaline solution, which can specifically be an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, an aqueous potassium hydroxide solution, an aqueous barium hydroxide solution, etc. The alkaline solution can react with carbonate substances in the electrolyte to prevent the vaporized electrolyte from continuing to produce harmful gases, and treat the thermal runaway flue gas at the source. At the same time, the alkaline solution can cool the thermal runaway flue gas and fully dissolve the electrolyte vapor in the thermal runaway flue gas in the alkaline solution. In addition, the alkaline solution has a good treatment effect on acidic substances such as CO2, POF3 and HF, and can achieve effective treatment of thermal runaway flue gas.

[0076] The solid treatment device includes at least one solid treatment tank filled with a solid adsorption medium, which may be activated carbon, graphene, carbon nanotubes, graphite, alumina, montmorillonite, silicate, phosphate or porous glass, etc., for adsorption treatment of thermal runaway flue gas, for example, adsorption of excess H2, CO, methane, ethylene, etc. Preferably, the solid adsorption medium is selected from activated carbon with relatively low cost and relatively excellent treatment effect, generally selected from activated carbon with high iodine value or modified activated carbon, which is easy to adsorb small molecular weight gases in thermal runaway flue gas, for example, easy to react with hydrogen, methane, etc.

[0077] The above-mentioned gas generating device is mainly used to generate flame-retardant gas and mix the flame-retardant gas with thermal runaway smoke, thereby reducing the concentration of combustible gas in the thermal runaway smoke. Since the concentration of combustible gas in the mixed gas is relatively small, it is difficult for safety hazards such as combustion or explosion to occur when it comes into contact with air.

[0078] The above-mentioned flue gas cooling device is mainly used to cool the thermal runaway flue gas and collect the electrolyte in the thermal runaway flue gas to prevent the vaporized electrolyte from continuing to produce harmful gases, and to perform certain treatment on the thermal runaway flue gas at the source.

[0079] The above-mentioned emission device mainly includes a flue gas emission pipeline, the length of which satisfies the requirement that the thermal runaway flue gas has a safe distance from the energy storage device 1 after being emitted. Even if the thermal runaway flue gas burns, the energy storage device 1 will not be affected due to the existence of the safe distance.

[0080] The above-mentioned ignition device is mainly used to ignite the thermal runaway flue gas to avoid the risk of combustion or explosion after the thermal runaway flue gas is discharged.

Claims

1. A distributed temperature control system for an energy storage system, wherein the energy storage system comprises N energy storage devices, and the energy storage devices comprise multiple battery modules, characterized in that: The distributed temperature control system includes a heat exchange unit, a heat transport unit and a heat processing unit; The heat exchange unit is used to exchange heat with each battery module in the energy storage device; The heat transfer unit is connected to the heat exchange unit and the heat processing unit of the N energy storage devices respectively, and is used to realize the transfer of liquid medium between the N energy storage devices and the heat processing unit; The heat treatment unit is used to perform heat treatment on the liquid medium transported by the heat transport unit.

2. The distributed temperature control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchange unit is a heat transfer tube, which is used to exchange heat with the polarity terminals of each battery module in the energy storage device.

3. The distributed temperature control system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The heat transfer tube is a metal tube, and the metal tube has at least one of an insulating layer and an insulating sleeve.

4. The distributed temperature control system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The heat transfer unit includes a liquid supply pipeline, a liquid return pipeline, N groups of liquid inlet pipelines, and N groups of liquid outlet pipelines; The liquid supply pipeline is respectively connected to the heat treatment unit and N groups of liquid inlet pipelines, and is used to shunt the liquid medium in the heat treatment unit to N energy storage devices; each group of liquid inlet pipelines is respectively connected to the heat exchange unit of a single energy storage device, and is used to shunt the liquid medium in the liquid supply pipeline to the heat exchange unit of each battery module; The liquid return pipeline is respectively connected to the heat treatment unit and N groups of liquid outlet pipelines, and is used to converge the liquid medium in the N energy storage devices to the heat treatment unit; each group of liquid outlet pipelines is respectively connected to the heat exchange unit of a single energy storage device, and is used to converge the liquid medium after heat exchange with each battery module to the liquid return pipeline.

5. The distributed temperature control system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The liquid inlet pipeline and the liquid outlet pipeline are provided with flow regulating devices.

6. The distributed temperature control system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inlet and outlet pipes of the heat treatment unit are provided with blocking joints, which can block the liquid medium in the heat treatment unit when the heat treatment unit is installed or disassembled.

7. The distributed temperature control system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The heat processing unit is arranged in an empty energy storage box.

8. An energy storage system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a plurality of energy storage devices and a distributed temperature control system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the energy storage device comprises an energy storage box and a plurality of battery modules arranged in the energy storage box, and each battery module is connected to a heat exchange unit for heat exchange.

9. The energy storage system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The battery module includes a shell and multiple single cells; the multiple single cells are arranged in the shell in the same direction; the shell is provided with a shared chamber, the inner cavity of the shared chamber is connected with the inner cavities of all the single cells; avoidance holes are opened on the top plate of the shell corresponding to the polarity terminals of each single cell; the polarity terminals of each single cell extend out of the avoidance holes, and the top plate area of ​​the shell corresponding to the avoidance holes is fixedly sealed with the shell of the single cell.

10. The energy storage system according to claim 9, characterized in that: A through slot or through hole is provided at the position where each single cell polarity terminal extends out of the avoidance hole. The heat exchange unit is a heat transfer tube, which is fixed in the through slot or through hole of each single cell polarity terminal and is insulated from each single cell.

11. The energy storage system according to claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes a distributed fire-fighting system, which includes a smoke conveying unit and a smoke treatment unit; the smoke conveying unit is used to gather the thermal runaway smoke of each energy storage device in the energy storage system to the smoke treatment unit; the smoke treatment unit is used to centrally treat the thermal runaway smoke of each energy storage device.

12. The energy storage system according to claim 11, characterized in that: The flue gas treatment unit includes at least one of a flue gas cooling device, a liquid treatment device, a solid treatment device, a gas generating device, an exhaust device and an ignition device.

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