Surge protection circuit, controller, battery management system, distribution box and electric energy equipment

Abstract

The utility model relates to a surge protection circuit, a controller, a battery management system, a distribution box and electric energy equipment, and belongs to the technical field of surge voltage protection. The surge protection circuit comprises a clamping circuit, the first end of the clamping circuit is electrically connected with the output end of a power supply system, and the clamping circuit is used for clamping surge voltage output by the output end of the power supply system; the first end of the rectifying circuit is electrically connected with the second end of the clamping circuit, and the rectifying circuit is used for rectifying the clamped surge voltage and outputting rectified voltage; the first end of the surge suppression circuit is electrically connected with the second end of the rectifying circuit, the second end of the surge suppression circuit is electrically connected with the input end of the load circuit, and the surge suppression circuit is used for reducing the rectified voltage to be within a set range and then outputting the rectified voltage. According to the surge protection circuit of the utility model, surge voltage transmitted by a power supply system can be effectively prevented, and the protection effect of lightning protection surge can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of surge voltage protection, and more specifically, to a surge protection circuit, a controller, a battery management system, a distribution box and electric energy equipment. Background Art

[0002] With the gradual increase in demand for electricity, the protection measures for power supply systems have become more and more perfect. In the prior art, in order to protect the load circuit on the user side, a single or multiple transient suppression diodes and varistors can be placed between the output end of the power supply system and the load circuit to absorb the surge voltage from the power supply system. However, since both transient suppression diodes and varistors have maximum clamping voltages, the load circuit will be damaged when the surge voltage continues to rise after exceeding the maximum clamping voltage. Utility Model Content

[0003] Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a surge protection circuit, a controller, a battery management system, a distribution box, and electric energy equipment.

[0004] According to a first aspect of the utility model, there is provided a surge protection circuit, comprising:

[0005] A clamping circuit, wherein a first end of the clamping circuit is electrically connected to an output end of a power supply system, and the clamping circuit is used to clamp a surge voltage outputted from the output end of the power supply system;

[0006] a rectifier circuit, a first end of the rectifier circuit being electrically connected to a second end of the clamping circuit, the rectifier circuit being used to rectify the clamped surge voltage and output a rectified voltage; and

[0007] A surge suppression circuit, wherein the first end of the surge suppression circuit is electrically connected to the second end of the rectifier circuit, the second end of the surge suppression circuit is electrically connected to the input end of the load circuit, and the surge suppression circuit is used to reduce the rectified voltage to within a set range before outputting it.

[0008] Optionally, the surge suppression circuit includes a voltage divider circuit and a switch circuit;

[0009] Wherein, the first end of the voltage divider circuit is electrically connected to the first end of the switch circuit, the first end of the switch circuit serves as the first end of the surge suppression circuit, the second end of the switch circuit serves as the second end of the surge suppression circuit, and the second end of the voltage divider circuit is electrically connected to the third end of the switch circuit;

[0010] The voltage divider circuit outputs a conduction voltage to the switch circuit in response to the rectified voltage, so that the switch circuit is turned on. The switch circuit reduces the rectified voltage to within a set range and then outputs a suppression voltage to the load circuit.

[0011] Optionally, the suppression voltage at the second end of the switch circuit is less than or equal to the turn-on voltage at the third end of the switch circuit.

[0012] Optionally, the voltage divider circuit includes a first resistor and a first capacitor, and the switch circuit includes a first switch tube;

[0013] Among them, the first end of the first resistor serves as the first end of the voltage divider circuit, the collector of the first switch tube serves as the first end of the switch circuit, the emitter of the first switch tube serves as the second end of the switch circuit, the connection point between the second end of the first resistor and the first end of the first capacitor serves as the second end of the voltage divider circuit, and the base of the first switch tube serves as the third end of the switch circuit.

[0014] Optionally, the clamping circuit includes a transient voltage suppressor, and the transient voltage suppressor is electrically connected between the output end of the power supply system and the rectifier circuit.

[0015] Optionally, the rectifier circuit includes a first diode, an anode of the first diode is electrically connected as a first end of the rectifier circuit, and a cathode of the first diode is electrically connected as a second end of the rectifier circuit.

[0016] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a controller is provided. The controller includes a surge protection circuit. The surge protection circuit is the surge protection circuit described in the first aspect.

[0017] According to a third aspect of the utility model, there is provided a battery management system, the battery management system comprising a load circuit and a controller;

[0018] Wherein, the controller is the controller described in the second aspect, and the controller is electrically connected to the load circuit.

[0019] According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a distribution box, comprising a controller, wherein the controller is the controller described in the second aspect.

[0020] According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electric energy device, comprising a controller, wherein the controller is the controller described in the second aspect.

[0021] One technical effect of the utility model is that the clamping circuit in the surge protection circuit provided by the utility model can clamp the surge voltage, and the clamped surge voltage is then rectified by the rectifier circuit, so that the rectified voltage is input to the surge suppression circuit, and the surge suppression circuit can reduce the rectified voltage to within a set range and then output it to the load circuit, effectively preventing the surge voltage transmitted by the power supply system and improving the protection effect against lightning surges.

[0022] Other features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The accompanying drawings, which constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments of the present utility model and, together with the description, are used to explain the principles of the present utility model.

[0024] Figure 1 is a structural block diagram of a surge protection circuit according to an embodiment;

[0025] Figure 2 is a circuit diagram of a surge protection circuit according to one embodiment.

[0026] Description of the drawings:

[0027] Surge protection circuit 100; clamping circuit 10; rectifier circuit 20; surge suppression circuit 30; voltage divider circuit 31; switch circuit 32;

[0028] Power supply system 200;

[0029] Load circuit 300 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangements of components and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values ​​set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention.

[0031] The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the present invention, its application, or uses.

[0032] Techniques and equipment known to ordinary technicians in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, the techniques and equipment should be considered part of the specification.

[0033] In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not limiting. Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values.

[0034] It should be noted that like reference numerals and letters refer to similar items in the following figures, and therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further discussed in subsequent figures.

[0035] See also Figure 1 As shown, the surge protection circuit 100 according to the embodiment of the present disclosure is described.

[0036] The surge protection circuit 100 according to the embodiment of the present disclosure includes a clamping circuit 10 , a rectifying circuit 20 and a surge suppression circuit 30 .

[0037] A first end of the clamp circuit 10 is electrically connected to an output end of the power supply system 200 , and the clamp circuit 10 is used to clamp a surge voltage outputted from the output end of the power supply system 200 .

[0038] In this embodiment, the clamping circuit 10 is, for example, a single or multiple transient suppression diodes, a single or multiple varistors, which are not limited here. The clamping circuit 10 can limit the surge voltage and effectively reduce the occurrence of situations where the voltage exceeds the normal voltage range of the load circuit 300, so as to achieve the purpose of protecting the load circuit 300.

[0039] In this embodiment, the power supply system 200 may correspond to a power supply source such as a battery pack, a power generation device or a power grid. The power supply system 200 may output direct current with different voltage values ​​such as 100V, 200V or 300V, which is not limited here.

[0040] The first end of the rectifier circuit 20 is electrically connected to the second end of the clamp circuit 10 . The rectifier circuit 20 is used to rectify the clamped surge voltage and output the rectified voltage.

[0041] In this embodiment, the rectifier circuit 20 may allow a portion of the surge voltage to pass through, for example, the rectifier circuit 20 may allow a surge voltage with a positive voltage value to pass through. For another example, the rectifier circuit 20 may allow a surge voltage with a negative voltage value to pass through. For another example, the rectifier circuit 20 may allow a surge voltage to pass through for a second time period after a first time period, wherein the first time period and the second time period are artificially set and are not limited here.

[0042] The first end of the surge suppression circuit 30 is electrically connected to the second end of the rectifier circuit 20, and the second end of the surge suppression circuit 30 is electrically connected to the input end of the load circuit 300. The surge suppression circuit 30 is used to reduce the rectified voltage to within a set range before outputting it.

[0043] In this embodiment, the setting range can be set manually and is not limited here.

[0044] In other words, the clamping circuit 10 can clamp the surge voltage, and the clamped surge voltage is then rectified by the rectifier circuit 20, so that the rectified voltage is input to the surge suppression circuit 30, and the surge suppression circuit 30 can reduce the rectified voltage to within a set range and then output it to the load circuit 300. When the surge voltage continues to increase, the surge voltage can be reduced, effectively preventing the surge voltage transmitted by the power supply system, and improving the protection effect against lightning surges.

[0045] In some embodiments, in order to reduce the voltage exceeding the normal voltage range of the load circuit 300 , the clamp circuit 10 may include a transient voltage suppressor electrically connected between the output terminal of the power supply system 200 and the rectifier circuit 20 .

[0046] In some examples, such as Figure 2 As shown, the transient voltage suppressor can be a transient voltage suppressor diode TVS1, the first end of which is connected to the positive electrode (Vin end) of the output end of the power supply system 200, and the second end of which is connected to the negative electrode (GND end) of the output end of the power supply system 200.

[0047] In some embodiments, in order to allow a surge voltage with a positive voltage value to pass, such as Figure 2 As shown, the rectifier circuit 20 includes a first diode D1, the anode of the first diode D1 is used as the first end of the rectifier circuit 20, and the cathode of the first diode D1 is electrically connected as the second end of the rectifier circuit 20. That is, the anode of the first diode D1 can be connected to the positive electrode (Vin end) of the output end of the power supply system 200, and the cathode of the first diode D1 can be connected to the first end of the surge suppression circuit 30, so that the rectifier circuit 20 can output a surge voltage with a positive voltage value as a rectified voltage to the first end of the surge suppression circuit 30. In other words, a surge voltage with a negative voltage value is blocked by the rectifier circuit 20 and cannot be transmitted to the subsequent load circuit 300 to further limit the input surge voltage.

[0048] In some embodiments, the surge suppression circuit 30 includes a voltage divider circuit 31 and a switch circuit 32. The first end of the voltage divider circuit 31 is electrically connected to the first end of the switch circuit 32, the first end of the switch circuit 32 serves as the first end of the surge suppression circuit 30, the second end of the switch circuit 32 serves as the second end of the surge suppression circuit 30, and the second end of the voltage divider circuit 31 is electrically connected to the third end of the switch circuit 32; the voltage divider circuit 31 outputs a conduction voltage to the switch circuit 32 in response to the rectified voltage, so that the switch circuit 32 is turned on, and the switch circuit 32 reduces the rectified voltage to within a set range and then outputs a suppression voltage to the load circuit 300.

[0049] In this embodiment, when the rectified voltage is input into the surge suppression circuit 30, the voltage divider circuit 31 can directly respond to the rectified voltage and output the on-state voltage to the switch circuit 32, so that the switch circuit 32 can respond to the on-state voltage of different voltage values ​​and adjust the output suppression voltage so that the suppression voltage conforms to the voltage range input to the load circuit 300.

[0050] In some embodiments, in order to ensure that the output suppression voltage is within a smaller voltage range, the suppression voltage at the second terminal of the switch circuit is less than or equal to the conduction voltage at the third terminal of the switch circuit.

[0051] In some embodiments, Figure 2 As shown, the voltage divider circuit 31 includes a first resistor R1 and a first capacitor C1, and the switch circuit 32 includes a first switch tube Q1, which can be an NPN transistor. Among them, the first end of the first resistor R1 serves as the first end of the voltage divider circuit 31, the collector of the first switch tube Q1 serves as the first end of the switch circuit 32, and the connection point between the first end of the first resistor R1 and the collector of the first switch tube Q1 is connected to the cathode of the first diode D1. The emitter of the first switch tube Q1 is connected to the positive input terminal (Vout terminal) of the load circuit 300 to serve as the second end of the switch circuit 32. The connection point between the second end of the first resistor R1 and the first end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the base of the first switch tube Q1, so that the connection point between the second end of the first resistor R1 and the first end of the first capacitor C1 serves as the second end of the voltage divider circuit 31, the base of the first switch tube Q1 serves as the third end of the switch circuit 32, and the second end of the first capacitor C2 and the negative input terminal (Gnd terminal) of the load circuit 300 are both grounded.

[0052] In this embodiment, the rectified voltage in the clamped surge voltage is input into the surge suppression circuit 30. Under the action of the first resistor R1 and the first capacitor C1, the rectified voltage passes through the first resistor R1 to charge the first capacitor C1. However, due to the large rectified voltage, the current of the first capacitor C1 is limited, so that the voltage across the first capacitor C1 cannot change suddenly, and the voltage of the base of the first switch tube Q1 remains unchanged for a short time. The suppression voltage can be input into the load circuit 300 from the emitter of the first switch tube Q1. As the emitter voltage of the first switch tube Q1 increases, the voltage difference between the base and the emitter of the first switch tube Q1 decreases, and the base current of the first switch tube Q1 decreases until it is turned off. This makes the suppression voltage transmitted to the emitter of the first switch tube Q1 equal to the turn-on voltage input to the base of the first switch tube Q1 at most, and the voltage of the base of the first switch tube Q1 remains basically unchanged, so that the high surge voltage cannot pass through the first switch tube Q1 to reach the load circuit 300, so as to achieve the purpose of protecting the load circuit 300.

[0053] According to the controller provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, the controller includes a surge protection circuit 100, and the surge protection circuit 100 is the surge protection circuit 100 of any of the above embodiments, and the controller is mainly used in a battery management system (BMS) of a vehicle. In other words, the controller is equipped with a surge protection circuit 100, which can effectively improve the lightning protection effect of the controller and improve the safety factor of the controller.

[0054] According to the battery management system provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, the battery management system (BMS) may include a load circuit 300 and a controller; wherein the controller is the controller of any of the above embodiments, the controller is electrically connected to the load circuit 300, and the battery management system is mainly used in vehicles. In other words, the battery management system is equipped with a controller, which can effectively improve the lightning surge protection effect of the battery management system to protect the safety factor of the load circuit 300 in the battery management system, thereby improving the safety of the battery management system.

[0055] According to the distribution box provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, the distribution box includes a controller, and the controller is the controller of any of the above embodiments. In other words, the distribution box is equipped with a controller, which can effectively improve the lightning surge protection effect of the distribution box to protect the safety factor of the load circuit 300 in the distribution box, thereby improving the safety of the distribution box.

[0056] According to the electric energy equipment provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, the electric energy equipment is, for example, a vehicle, a ship, an aircraft or a locker, etc., and the electric energy equipment may include a controller, and the controller is the controller of any of the above embodiments. The electric energy equipment is, for example, in other words, the electric energy equipment is equipped with a controller, which can effectively improve the lightning surge protection effect of the electric energy equipment to protect the safety factor of the load circuit 300 in the electric energy equipment, thereby improving the safety of the electric energy equipment.

[0057] Although some specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail by way of examples, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above examples are for illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above embodiments may be modified without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A surge protection circuit, characterized in that: include: A clamping circuit, wherein a first end of the clamping circuit is electrically connected to an output end of a power supply system, and the clamping circuit is used to clamp a surge voltage outputted from the output end of the power supply system; a rectifier circuit, wherein a first end of the rectifier circuit is electrically connected to a second end of the clamp circuit, and the rectifier circuit is used to rectify the clamped surge voltage and output the rectified voltage; as well as A surge suppression circuit, wherein the first end of the surge suppression circuit is electrically connected to the second end of the rectifier circuit, the second end of the surge suppression circuit is electrically connected to the input end of the load circuit, and the surge suppression circuit is used to reduce the rectified voltage to within a set range before outputting it.

2. The surge protection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surge suppression circuit includes a voltage divider circuit and a switch circuit; Wherein, the first end of the voltage divider circuit is electrically connected to the first end of the switch circuit, the first end of the switch circuit serves as the first end of the surge suppression circuit, the second end of the switch circuit serves as the second end of the surge suppression circuit, and the second end of the voltage divider circuit is electrically connected to the third end of the switch circuit; The voltage divider circuit outputs a conduction voltage to the switch circuit in response to the rectified voltage, so that the switch circuit is turned on. The switch circuit reduces the rectified voltage to within a set range and then outputs a suppression voltage to the load circuit.

3. The surge protection circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The suppression voltage at the second terminal of the switch circuit is less than or equal to the turn-on voltage at the third terminal of the switch circuit.

4. The surge protection circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The voltage divider circuit includes a first resistor and a first capacitor, and the switch circuit includes a first switch tube; Among them, the first end of the first resistor serves as the first end of the voltage divider circuit, the collector of the first switch tube serves as the first end of the switch circuit, the emitter of the first switch tube serves as the second end of the switch circuit, the connection point between the second end of the first resistor and the first end of the first capacitor serves as the second end of the voltage divider circuit, and the base of the first switch tube serves as the third end of the switch circuit.

5. The surge protection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping circuit includes a transient voltage suppressor, which is electrically connected between the output end of the power supply system and the rectifier circuit.

6. The surge protection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rectifier circuit includes a first diode, an anode of the first diode is electrically connected as a first end of the rectifier circuit, and a cathode of the first diode is electrically connected as a second end of the rectifier circuit.

7. A controller, characterized in that: The controller comprises a surge protection circuit, and the surge protection circuit is the surge protection circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. A battery management system, characterized in that: The battery management system includes a load circuit and a controller; Wherein, the controller is the controller according to claim 7, and the controller is electrically connected to the load circuit.

9. A distribution box, characterized in that: Includes a controller, wherein the controller is the controller according to claim 7.

10. An electric energy device, characterized in that: Includes a controller, wherein the controller is the controller according to claim 7.

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