Active-passive integrated fuse, high-voltage box and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model provides an active and passive integrated fuse, a high-voltage box and a vehicle. The fuse comprises a first active fuse and a passive fuse which are connected in series in a high-voltage main loop of the high-voltage box, wherein the first active fuse is used for triggering fusing after current in the high-voltage main loop meets a preset internal triggering condition; the passive fuse comprises a first explosive and a first cutting part. A first fusing point is arranged on the high-voltage main loop; the first explosive is connected to an external trigger module; the first explosive is used for being detonated based on a first triggering signal sent by the external triggering module after the external triggering module meets a preset external triggering condition, so that blasting waves generated after detonation are used for pushing the first cutting component to cut the first fusing point. According to the active and passive integrated fuse, the size of the fuse installed in a high-voltage box can be reduced, and the use cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of fuses, and in particular to an active and passive integrated fuse, a high-voltage box and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] The power battery system of new energy vehicles includes a high-voltage box, which is generally equipped with a fuse to cut off the power to the high-voltage box when necessary, thereby ensuring the high-voltage safety of the power battery.

[0003] The fuses of the existing high-voltage box include active fuses and passive fuses. However, the existing active fuses and passive fuses are both split fuses. When the active fuses and passive fuses need to be installed in the high-voltage box at the same time, at least two fuses need to be installed. Therefore, the installation volume is large and the use cost is high. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of the present application is to provide an active and passive integrated fuse, a high-voltage box and a vehicle, so as to reduce the volume of the fuse installed in the high-voltage box and reduce the cost of use.

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an active and passive integrated fuse, the fuse comprising: a first active fuse and a passive fuse connected in series in a high-voltage main circuit of a high-voltage box:

[0006] The first active fuse is used to trigger the fuse after the current in the high-voltage main circuit meets the preset internal trigger condition;

[0007] The passive fuse includes: a first explosive and a first cutting component; a first fuse point is provided on the high-voltage main circuit; the first explosive is connected to an external trigger module;

[0008] The first explosive is used to be detonated based on a first trigger signal sent by the external trigger module after the external trigger module meets a preset external trigger condition, so as to use the explosion wave generated after the detonation to push the first cutting component to cut the first fuse point.

[0009] Optionally, the first active fuse is a current fuse.

[0010] Optionally, the fuse further comprises: a second active fuse; the second active fuse comprises: an internal trigger module, a second explosive and a second cutting component; a second fuse point is provided on the high-voltage main circuit;

[0011] A first end of the internal trigger module is connected to one end of the current fuse, a second end of the internal trigger module is connected to the other end of the current fuse, and a third end of the internal trigger module is connected to the second explosive;

[0012] The internal trigger module is used to detect a voltage drop across the current fuse and generate a second trigger signal based on the voltage drop;

[0013] The second explosive is used to be detonated based on the second trigger signal, so as to use the explosion wave generated after the detonation to push the second cutting component to cut the second fuse point.

[0014] Optionally, the internal trigger module includes a diode and a control chip;

[0015] The first end of the diode is connected to one end of the current fuse as the first end of the internal trigger module, the second end of the diode is connected to the first end of the control chip, the second end of the control chip is connected to the other end of the current fuse as the second end of the internal trigger module; the third end of the control chip is connected to the second explosive as the third end of the internal trigger module.

[0016] Optionally, the first cutting component includes: a piston or a blade; the second cutting component includes: a piston or a blade.

[0017] Optionally, the external trigger module is a battery management module.

[0018] Optionally, the first cutting member is disposed in the first housing;

[0019] The first explosive is used to utilize the blast wave generated after detonation to push the first cutting component in the first shell to pop out so as to cut the first fuse point.

[0020] Optionally, the second cutting member is disposed in the second housing;

[0021] The second explosive is used to utilize the blast wave generated after detonation to push the second cutting component in the second shell to pop out so as to cut the second fuse point.

[0022] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a high-voltage box, which includes the above-mentioned fuse.

[0023] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a vehicle, comprising the above-mentioned high-voltage box.

[0024] The embodiments of the present application provide an active-passive integrated fuse, a high-voltage box and a vehicle for use in a high-voltage box. The fuse is an active-passive integrated design. When both active fuses and passive fuses need to be installed in the high-voltage box, only at least one of the active-passive integrated fuses needs to be installed. Therefore, the volume of the fuse installed in the high-voltage box is reduced and the cost of use is reduced.

[0025] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, preferred embodiments are specifically cited below and described in detail with reference to the attached drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of an active and passive integrated fuse provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0028] Figure 2 A structural schematic diagram of an active and passive integrated fuse provided by another exemplary embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0029] Figure 3 A structural schematic diagram of an active and passive integrated fuse provided by yet another exemplary embodiment of the present application is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] To make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application usually described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the application claimed for protection, but merely represents the selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments of the present application, each other embodiment obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative work belongs to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0031] The power battery system of new energy vehicles includes a high-voltage box, which is generally equipped with a fuse to cut off the power to the high-voltage box when necessary, thereby ensuring the high-voltage safety of the power battery.

[0032] The fuses of the existing high-voltage box include active fuses and passive fuses. However, the existing active fuses and passive fuses are both split fuses. When the active fuses and passive fuses need to be installed in the high-voltage box at the same time, at least two fuses need to be installed. Therefore, the installation volume is large and the use cost is high.

[0033] Based on this, an embodiment of the present application provides an active and passive integrated fuse, a high-voltage box and a vehicle. The fuse is an active and passive integrated design. When an active fuse and a passive fuse need to be installed in the high-voltage box at the same time, only at least one of the active and passive integrated fuses needs to be installed. Therefore, the volume of the fuse installed in the high-voltage box can be reduced and the cost of use can be reduced.

[0034] See also Figure 1 , Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of an active and passive integrated fuse provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, an active and passive integrated fuse provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application comprises: a first active fuse 10 and a passive fuse 20 connected in series in a high-voltage main circuit of a high-voltage box: Here, the high-voltage main circuit can be a high-voltage main positive circuit, or a high-voltage main negative circuit.

[0036] The first active fuse 10 is used to trigger the fuse after the current in the high-voltage main circuit meets a preset internal trigger condition. As an example, the first active fuse 10 may be a current fuse.

[0037] As an example, the preset internal trigger condition may be set as the current in the high-voltage main circuit reaches a predetermined current and the predetermined current lasts for a corresponding predetermined time. For example, the preset internal trigger condition may be that the current in the high-voltage main circuit reaches 3KA and the predetermined current 3KA lasts for 5s, or that the current in the high-voltage main circuit reaches 10KA and the predetermined current 10KA lasts for 0.002s.

[0038] The passive fuse 20 includes: a first explosive 21 and a first cutting component 22; a first fuse point A1 is provided on the high-voltage main circuit; the first explosive 21 is connected to an external trigger module 30;

[0039] Here, the first fuse point A1 is a point on the high-voltage main circuit that is easily fused, that is, a weak point of the wire.

[0040] As an example, the first cutting component 22 may be a piston or a blade. However, the present application is not limited thereto, and the first cutting component 22 may also be other components that can perform a cutting function.

[0041] As an example, the external trigger module 30 may be a battery management module, namely, a BMS.

[0042] The first explosive 21 is used to be detonated based on a first trigger signal sent by the external trigger module 30 after the external trigger module 30 meets a preset external trigger condition, so as to use the blast wave generated after the detonation to push the first cutting component 22 to cut the first fuse point A1.

[0043] As an example, the preset external trigger condition may include, but is not limited to, at least one of the following items: vehicle collision, high voltage short circuit, and battery pack thermal runaway.

[0044] As an example, the first cutting member 22 may be disposed in a first housing (not shown in the figure);

[0045] Specifically, when the first cutting component 22 is disposed in the first shell, the first explosive 21 is used to utilize the blast wave generated after detonation to push the first cutting component 22 in the first shell to pop out so as to cut the first fuse point A1.

[0046] However, it should be understood that the above-mentioned setting method of the first cutting component 22 is only to teach technical personnel in the field how to implement it. During the specific implementation, technical personnel in the field can adjust the setting method of the first cutting component 22 according to actual conditions to achieve the effect of "using the blast wave generated after detonation to push the first cutting component 22 to cut the first fuse point A1". The present application does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0047] Next, the working principle of the active and passive integrated fuse will be introduced.

[0048] Specifically, on the one hand, when the load on the high-voltage main circuit is short-circuited, the current in the high-voltage main circuit will be large. When the current in the high-voltage main circuit meets the preset internal trigger conditions (for example, the current in the high-voltage main circuit reaches 3KA and the current 3KA lasts for 5s), the current fuse 10 will be triggered to melt.

[0049] On the other hand, when the external trigger module 30 meets a predetermined external trigger condition (for example, thermal runaway of the battery pack), the external trigger module 30 sends a first trigger signal to the first explosive 21, and the first explosive 21 is detonated based on the first trigger signal. Since the first explosive 21 will generate a blasting wave after detonation, when the first cutting component 22 is arranged in the first shell, the blasting wave will push the first cutting component 22 in the first shell to pop out to cut the first fuse point A1.

[0050] An embodiment of the present application provides an active and passive integrated fuse for use in a high-voltage box. The fuse is an active and passive integrated design. When both active fuses and passive fuses need to be installed in the high-voltage box, only at least one of the active and passive integrated fuses needs to be installed. Therefore, the volume of the fuse installed in the high-voltage box can be reduced and the cost of use can be reduced.

[0051] In addition, in the prior art, when the first active fuse 10 is a current fuse, when a fault occurs in the high-voltage main circuit and a circuit break is required, the current fuse may not be completely blown due to some reasons, resulting in the high-voltage main circuit not being disconnected, affecting the safety of the high-voltage main circuit. In order to prevent this phenomenon from happening, the present application proposes a strategy of adding a backup fuse to protect the safety of the high-voltage main circuit.

[0052] See also Figure 2 , Figure 2 A structural schematic diagram of an active and passive integrated fuse provided by another exemplary embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0053] like Figure 2 As shown, additionally, the fuse may further include: a second active fuse 40; the second active fuse 40 includes: an internal trigger module 41, a second explosive 42 and a second cutting component 43; a second fuse point A2 is provided on the high-voltage main circuit;

[0054] Here, the second fuse point A2 is a point on the high-voltage main circuit that is easily fused, that is, a weak point of the wire.

[0055] As an example, the second cutting component 43 may be a piston or a blade. However, the present application is not limited thereto, and the second cutting component 43 may also be other components that can perform a cutting function.

[0056] A first end of the internal trigger module 41 is connected to one end of the current fuse 10, a second end of the internal trigger module 41 is connected to the other end of the current fuse 10, and a third end of the internal trigger module 41 is connected to the second explosive 42;

[0057] The internal trigger module 41 is used to detect the voltage drop across the current fuse 10 and generate a second trigger signal based on the voltage drop;

[0058] Here, when the current fuse 10 is not triggered to blow, no voltage drop will be generated at both ends of the current fuse 10; however, as long as the current fuse 10 is triggered to blow, a voltage drop will be generated at both ends of the current fuse 10. Therefore, as long as the internal trigger module 41 detects the voltage drop at both ends of the current fuse 10, it means that the current fuse 10 is triggered to blow. Therefore, regardless of whether the current fuse 10 will be completely blown after being triggered to blow, the internal trigger module 41 will detect the voltage drop at both ends of the current fuse 10, thereby generating a second trigger signal based on the voltage drop to cut the second fuse point A2 on the high-voltage main circuit, thereby ensuring that the high-voltage main circuit is disconnected when the high-voltage main circuit needs to be disconnected, thereby protecting the safety of the high-voltage main circuit.

[0059] The second explosive 42 is used to be detonated based on the second trigger signal, so as to use the explosion wave generated after the detonation to push the second cutting component 43 to cut the second fuse point A2.

[0060] As an example, the second cutting member 43 may be disposed in a second housing (not shown in the figure);

[0061] Specifically, when the second cutting component 43 is disposed in the second shell, the second explosive 42 is used to utilize the blast wave generated after detonation to push the second cutting component 43 in the second shell to pop out so as to cut the second fuse point A2.

[0062] However, it should be understood that the above-mentioned setting method of the second cutting component 43 is only to teach technical personnel in the field how to implement it. During the specific implementation, technical personnel in the field can adjust the setting method of the second cutting component 43 according to actual conditions to achieve the effect of "using the blast wave generated after detonation to push the second cutting component 43 to cut the second fuse point A2". This application does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0063] See also Figure 3 , Figure 3 A structural schematic diagram of an active and passive integrated fuse provided by yet another exemplary embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0064] like Figure 3 As shown, as an example, the internal trigger module 41 may include a diode 411 and a control chip 412; as an example, the diode 411 may be a TVS diode.

[0065] Among them, the first end of the diode 411 is connected to one end of the current fuse 10 as the first end of the internal trigger module 41, the second end of the diode 411 is connected to the first end of the control chip 412, and the second end of the control chip 412 is connected to the other end of the current fuse 10 as the second end of the internal trigger module 41; the third end of the control chip 412 is connected to the second explosive 42 as the third end of the internal trigger module 41.

[0066] Specifically, when the internal trigger module 41 includes a diode 411 and a control chip 412, when the internal trigger module 41 is used to detect the voltage drop across the first active fuse 10 and generate a second trigger signal based on the voltage drop, the diode 411 is used to detect the voltage drop across the current fuse 10 and is turned on based on the voltage drop to allow current to flow to the control chip 412; the control chip 412 is used to generate a second trigger signal after detecting the current.

[0067] Hereinafter, the working principle of the second active fuse 40 will be introduced by taking the first active fuse 10 as a current fuse 10 as an example.

[0068] Specifically, when the load on the high-voltage main circuit is short-circuited, the current in the high-voltage main circuit will be large. When the current in the high-voltage main circuit meets the preset internal trigger condition (for example, the current in the high-voltage main circuit reaches 3KA and the current 3KA lasts for 5s), the current fuse 10 will be triggered to fuse. As long as the current fuse 10 is triggered to fuse (the current fuse 10 may not be completely fused), a voltage drop will be generated at both ends of the current fuse 10. The diode 411 in the internal trigger module 41 will detect the voltage drop at both ends of the current fuse 10 and conduct based on the voltage drop to allow the current to flow to the control chip 412. After detecting the current, the control chip 412 generates a second trigger signal and sends the second trigger signal to the second explosive 42. The second explosive 42 is detonated based on the second trigger signal. In the case where the second cutting component 43 is set in the second shell, the explosion wave will push the second cutting component 43 in the second shell to pop out to cut the second fuse point A2.

[0069] An exemplary embodiment of the present application provides an active and passive integrated fuse, comprising a first active fuse 10 and a second active fuse 40. When a fault occurs in the high-voltage main circuit and the circuit needs to be disconnected, assuming that the first active fuse 10 is not completely blown, the second active fuse 40 can also cut off the second fuse point A2, thereby ensuring that in the event of a fault in the high-voltage main circuit, the high-voltage main circuit can be disconnected, thereby ensuring the safety of the high-voltage main circuit.

[0070] In addition, since the first active fuse 10 is triggered to melt by internal trigger conditions, the second active fuse 40 is triggered to melt by voltage drop, but the passive fuse 20 is triggered to melt by external trigger conditions, the triggering of the first active fuse 10 and the passive fuse 20 does not interfere with each other, and the triggering of the second active fuse 40 and the passive fuse 20 does not interfere with each other, thereby avoiding the risk of false triggering between the active and passive fuses 20.

[0071] In summary, the active and passive integrated fuse provided in the embodiment of the present application can reduce the volume of the fuse installed in the high-voltage box and reduce the cost of use, and at the same time, can avoid the risk of false triggering between the active and passive fuses 20.

[0072] While the present application has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application as defined by the claims.

Claims

1. An active and passive integrated fuse, characterized in that: The fuse includes: a first active fuse and a passive fuse connected in series in the high-voltage main circuit of the high-voltage box: The first active fuse is used to trigger the fuse after the current in the high-voltage main circuit meets the preset internal trigger condition; The passive fuse includes: a first explosive and a first cutting component; a first fuse point is provided on the high-voltage main circuit; the first explosive is connected to an external trigger module; The first explosive is used to be detonated based on a first trigger signal sent by the external trigger module after the external trigger module meets a preset external trigger condition, so as to use the explosion wave generated after the detonation to push the first cutting component to cut the first fuse point.

2. The fuse according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first active fuse is a current fuse.

3. The fuse according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fuse also includes: a second active fuse; the second active fuse includes: an internal trigger module, a second explosive and a second cutting component; a second fuse point is provided on the high-voltage main circuit; A first end of the internal trigger module is connected to one end of the current fuse, a second end of the internal trigger module is connected to the other end of the current fuse, and a third end of the internal trigger module is connected to the second explosive; The internal trigger module is used to detect a voltage drop across the current fuse and generate a second trigger signal based on the voltage drop; The second explosive is used to be detonated based on the second trigger signal, so as to use the explosion wave generated after the detonation to push the second cutting component to cut the second fuse point.

4. The fuse according to claim 3, characterized in that: The internal trigger module includes a diode and a control chip; The first end of the diode is connected to one end of the current fuse as the first end of the internal trigger module, the second end of the diode is connected to the first end of the control chip, the second end of the control chip is connected to the other end of the current fuse as the second end of the internal trigger module; the third end of the control chip is connected to the second explosive as the third end of the internal trigger module.

5. The fuse according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first cutting component includes: a piston or a blade; the second cutting component includes: a piston or a blade.

6. The fuse according to claim 1, characterized in that: The external trigger module is a battery management module.

7. The fuse according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first cutting member is disposed in the first housing; The first explosive is used to utilize the blast wave generated after detonation to push the first cutting component in the first shell to pop out so as to cut the first fuse point.

8. The fuse according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second cutting member is disposed in the second housing; The second explosive is used to utilize the blast wave generated after detonation to push the second cutting component in the second shell to pop out so as to cut the second fuse point.

9. A high voltage box, characterized in that: The high voltage box comprises the fuse as claimed in any one of claims 1-8.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that: The vehicle comprises the high voltage box as claimed in claim 9.

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