Castration tool for breeding

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of plant breeding equipment, and particularly relates to a castration tool for breeding. The tool comprises two structural components, namely a pair of castration scissors and a pistil protection tube, the castration scissors are composed of two scissor blades, wherein the middles of the two scissor blades are connected together through a pin shaft, and the two scissor blades can be freely opened and closed around the pin shaft. The tail ends of the scissor blades are handles for hand holding, and the front ends of the scissor blades are of inward edged semicircular structures; after the front-end shear blades, the semicircular shear blades and the rear-end shear blades of the two shear blades are closed, a circular hollow shear opening capable of accommodating a flower corolla can be formed; the handle is of a round or oval structure. The pistil protection tube is a hollow sleeve which is gradually reduced from the top to the bottom and is in a cone-like shape as a whole. According to the breeding castration tool, stamens and part of corolla can be sheared off at a time, the problems of mistaken shearing, missed shearing and the like can be effectively reduced, the manual operation difficulty can be effectively reduced, and the cross breeding work efficiency can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of plant breeding equipment, and specifically relates to a tool for emasculating plants for breeding. Background Art

[0002] In plant breeding, emasculation is usually required based on the needs of hybrid breeding. Taking tobacco flowers as an example, tobacco flowers belong to a bisexual flower structure, that is, there are both pistils and stamens in a corolla. Among them: 5 stamens, each stamen has a slender filament, the top of the filament is an anther, and the anther contains pollen; 1 pistil, the top of the pistil is the stigma. When conducting tobacco hybrid breeding, in order to prevent the mother parent from self-pollination, it is usually necessary to remove the stamens. At the same time, in order to facilitate hybridization operations, it is usually necessary to remove the upper part of the corolla to expose the stigma of the pistil. The usual practice is to first cut off the corolla with scissors, and then cut off the anthers of the tobacco flower with scissors. However, since the corolla is a circular structure, in order to avoid damage to the flower structure as much as possible, in actual operation, a corolla needs to be cut continuously along the upper circumference of the corolla to complete a circle. Since the relevant operations are heavily dependent on manual operations, the whole process is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also easy to cut by mistake, or even damage the pistil, which in turn affects the breeding quality.

[0003] In the prior art, relevant tool devices have been developed and designed to address the emasculation issues in tobacco breeding. For example, the patent "Tobacco Breeding Ememasculation Scissors" (application number: 201220553052.8) discloses a pair of scissors for emasculation in tobacco breeding. However, in combination with its specific use, it can be seen that the scissors are only designed to cut off stamens, but not corollas. Another example is the patent "A Scissors Tool for Flue-cured Tobacco Sterile Seed Production" (application number: 201621343186.1), which discloses a pair of scissors tool for flue-cured tobacco sterile seed production. However, in combination with its functional description, it can be seen that the scissors have the function of corolla cutting and can cut off corollas, but cannot cut off stamens.

[0004] In short, combining the structural characteristics of tobacco flowers with actual breeding needs and developing new breeding-related tools and devices still has very important technical significance for improving the quality of breeding work. Summary of the invention

[0005] Based on the technical needs of cutting off the corolla and removing the stamens in tobacco breeding emasculation, the purpose of this application is to provide a tobacco emasculation tool, in order to lay a certain technical foundation for improving the efficiency of tobacco breeding.

[0006] The technical solution adopted in this application is described in detail as follows.

[0007] A breeding demasculine tool, comprising two structural components: a demasculine shear and a pistil protection tube;

[0008] The detasseling shears are composed of two scissor blades connected together by a pin in the middle and capable of opening and closing freely around the pin.

[0009] The scissor blades have a handle for holding at the end and a semicircular structure with an inwardly opened blade at the front end; the front cutting blade, the semicircular cutting blade and the rear cutting blade of the two scissor blades can form a circular hollow cutting opening capable of accommodating the corolla of a tobacco flower after the front cutting blade, the semicircular cutting blade and the rear cutting blade are closed;

[0010] The handle can be designed as a circular or oval structure, and can also be further provided with a non-slip cover (conventional preparation is sufficient) to facilitate gripping;

[0011] The scissor blades are preferably made of corrosion-resistant material, for example, stainless steel.

[0012] The pistil protection tube is a hollow sleeve that is gradually smaller from top to bottom and is in a cone-like shape as a whole (or a hollow cylindrical sleeve that is narrow at the top and narrow at the bottom);

[0013] Taking tobacco as an example, the inner diameter of the bottom tube mouth should be larger than the stigma diameter of the tobacco flower, and can generally be designed to be no less than 2mm. At the same time, the inner diameter of the top should be smaller than the stigma diameter of the tobacco flower, and the overall length of the pistil protection tube should be smaller than the pistil length of the tobacco flower, so that the pistil protection tube can be completely covered on the pistil, thereby protecting the pistil during emasculation;

[0014] Preferably, the material of the pistil protection tube should be a light transparent or translucent material, such as acrylic, plastic, silicone, etc., so as to facilitate observation of the insertion depth of the protection tube when it is sheathed on the pistil;

[0015] Further preferably, the outer wall of the pistil protection tube is provided with scale numbers for reading the length (the scale data should be based on the length data of the vertical line from the top to the bottom center as a reference) so that the pistil length trait can be preliminarily measured.

[0016] The breeding emasculation tool provided in the present application has a relatively reasonable structural design, and can cut off the stamens and part of the corolla at one time, which can effectively reduce problems such as miscutting and missed cutting. Moreover, since it can effectively protect the pistil, it can not only effectively reduce the difficulty of manual operation, but also significantly improve the efficiency of hybrid breeding. Therefore, it has good practical value and significance for promotion and application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the corolla cutting part of the tobacco emasculation tool provided in this application;

[0018] Figure 2A schematic diagram of the structure of the pistil protection tube portion of the tobacco emasculation tool provided in the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The present application is further explained below with reference to the embodiments.

[0020] Example 1

[0021] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the breeding emasculation tool provided in the present application includes two structural components: a emasculation shear and a pistil protection tube;

[0022] The detasseling shears are composed of two scissor blades 1 connected together in the middle by a pin 3 and capable of freely opening and closing around the pin 3;

[0023] The scissor blades 1 have a handle 2 for hand-holding at the end and a semicircular structure with inwardly-opened blades at the front end; the front cutting blades 4, the semicircular cutting blades 5 and the rear cutting blades 6 of the two scissor blades 1 can form a circular hollow cutting structure capable of accommodating the corolla of a tobacco flower when the front cutting blades 4, the semicircular cutting blades 5 and the rear cutting blades 6 of the two scissor blades 1 are closed;

[0024] The handle 2 can be designed as a circular or oval structure as shown in the figure, and can also be further provided with a non-slip cover (conventional preparation is sufficient, not specifically shown in the figure) to facilitate gripping;

[0025] The scissor blade 1 is preferably made of a corrosion-resistant material, such as stainless steel.

[0026] The pistil protection tube is a hollow sleeve that is gradually reduced from the top 9 to the bottom 7 and is in a conical shape as a whole; the inner diameter of the bottom tube opening 7 should be larger than the stigma diameter of the tobacco flower, and can generally be designed to be no less than 2 mm, while the inner diameter of the top 9 should be smaller than the stigma diameter of the tobacco flower, and the overall length of the pistil protection tube should be smaller than the length of the pistil of the tobacco flower, so that the pistil protection tube can be applied to the pistil, thereby protecting the pistil during emasculation;

[0027] Preferably, the material of the pistil protection tube should be a light transparent or translucent material, such as acrylic, plastic, silicone, etc., so as to facilitate observation of the insertion depth of the protection tube when it is sheathed on the pistil;

[0028] Further preferably, the outer wall of the pistil protection tube is provided with a readable scale (the scale data should be based on the length data of the central vertical line from the top 9 to the bottom 7), so that the pistil length trait can be preliminarily measured.

[0029] Taking tobacco emasculation breeding as an example, when applying, tobacco flowers with pink top of the corolla and whose trumpet has not yet opened are generally selected as emasculation targets. When doing this, the following steps are performed:

[0030] First, use tweezers to carefully open the corolla mouth, then carefully insert the bottom 7 of the pistil protection tube from the pistil stigma, because the top 9 of the pistil protection tube is smaller than the stigma diameter, it can be stably covered on the entire pistil to play a protective role; then, one hand gently supports the pistil protection tube, and the other hand holds the handle 2 of the emasculating shears, and the opened scissors blade 1 is gently covered on the corolla of the tobacco flower from the outside. Before cutting, the cutting position of the emasculating shears on the corolla can be adjusted up and down (generally speaking, the cutting position should be lower than the anther, so that the stamens can be cut off, and at the same time, because it is necessary to ensure that the stigma can be exposed after cutting, it should be higher than the bottom 7 of the pistil protection tube at the same time, so as to ensure that the pistil protection tube can play a protective role). When cutting, the circular cutting area formed by the front cutting blade 4, the semicircular cutting blade 5 and the rear cutting blade 6 is used to cut off the stamens on the upper part of the corolla and inside the corolla at one time, and under the action of the pistil protection tube, the pistil can be avoided from being cut by mistake. After the cutting is completed, carefully remove the pistil protection tube to complete the emasculation and at the same time cut off the upper part of the corolla, so that the stigma can be fully exposed for subsequent pollination and breeding work.

Claims

1. A breeding emasculation tool, characterized in that: The tool comprises two structural parts: a detasseling shear and a pistil protection tube; The detasseling shears are composed of two scissor blades connected together by a pin in the middle and capable of opening and closing freely around the pin. The scissor blades have a handle for holding at the end and a semicircular structure with inwardly facing blades at the front end; the front cutting blades, semicircular cutting blades and rear cutting blades of the two scissor blades can form a circular hollow cutting opening capable of accommodating the corolla of a flower when the front cutting blades, semicircular cutting blades and rear cutting blades of the two scissor blades are closed; The handle is a circular or oval structure; The pistil protection tube is a hollow sleeve that is gradually smaller from top to bottom and is in a cone-like shape as a whole; the inner cavity diameter of the bottom tube opening should be larger than the stigma diameter of the flower, while the inner cavity diameter of the top should be smaller than the stigma diameter of the flower, and the overall length of the pistil protection tube should be smaller than the length of the pistil of the flower, so that the pistil protection tube can be completely covered on the pistil.

2. The breeding emasculation tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The handle is provided with a non-slip cover on the outside.

3. The breeding emasculation tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The scissor blades are made of corrosion-resistant material.

4. The breeding detasseling tool according to claim 3, characterized in that: The scissor blades are made of corrosion-resistant material made of stainless steel.

5. The breeding detasseling tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pistil protection tube is made of a light transparent or translucent material.

6. The breeding detasseling tool according to claim 5, characterized in that: The light transparent or translucent material is acrylic, plastic or silicone.

7. The breeding detasseling tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the pistil protection tube is provided with scale numbers for reading the length.

8. The breeding detasseling tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The breeding emasculation tool is used for tobacco flowers, and the inner cavity diameter of the bottom pipe opening is 2 mm.

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