High-safety steel ladle bottom masonry structure

Abstract

The utility model discloses a high-safety steel ladle bottom masonry structure, which relates to the field of refractory materials and comprises a steel ladle body, a ladle bottom permanent layer is laid at the bottom of the inner side of the steel ladle body, a safety layer is laid on the top surface of the ladle bottom permanent layer, a shock absorption layer is laid on the top surface of the safety layer, and a working layer is laid on the top surface of the shock absorption layer. An impact layer is arranged in the center of the top face of the working layer, impact area bottom covering bricks are laid in the impact layer, the impact area bottom covering bricks are vertically laid, the impact area bottom covering bricks are sequentially laid from inside to outside and from top to bottom in a wet mode through fire clay, finally, an approximately-conical impact layer is formed, corundum spinel bricks are laid on the topmost portion of the impact layer, and the corundum spinel bricks are laid on the topmost portion of the impact layer. The impact layer is provided with a plurality of sliding grooves at equal intervals from the top to the bottom along the side wall, the outer side face of the impact layer is paved with outer vertical surface ladle bottom bricks, the design is reasonable, the structure is simple, the maintenance cost is low, the ladle bottom bleed-out risk is reduced, the use safety performance is high, the molten steel impact resistance performance is good, and the service life can be better prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of refractory materials, and particularly relates to a high-safety ladle bottom masonry structure. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of the steel industry, the increase in the proportion of refining outside the furnace and the increasingly harsh smelting conditions, the increase in the temperature of the converter and the extension of the steel ladle filling time have made the use conditions of the refractory materials for the ladle more severe. Therefore, higher requirements are placed on the masonry technology and material selection of the ladle bottom.

[0003] At present, the masonry mode of the bottom of the ladle generally adopts the permanent layer castable + bottom brick masonry mode. In order to achieve the goals of carbon peak and carbon neutrality (referred to as "dual carbon"), the replacement of steel production capacity is in full swing. Compared with before the replacement, the amount of molten steel loaded in the ladle after the replacement is getting larger and larger, and the amount of molten steel loaded is generally more than 120 tons. The increase in the amount of molten steel loaded has gradually intensified the erosion of the refractory materials at the bottom of the ladle. The refractory materials of the ladle need to be frequently taken offline for repair, which not only increases safety hazards, but also increases the cost of refractory materials; therefore, it is very necessary to provide a high-safety ladle bottom masonry structure with reasonable design, low maintenance cost, good impact resistance and long service life. Summary of the invention

[0004] The utility model aims to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and to provide a high-safety steel ladle bottom masonry structure which has reasonable design, low maintenance cost, good impact resistance and long service life.

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is achieved as follows: a high-security ladle bottom masonry structure, which includes a ladle body, a permanent bottom layer is laid on the inner bottom of the ladle body, a safety layer is laid on the top of the permanent bottom layer, a shock-absorbing layer is laid on the top of the safety layer, a working layer is laid on the top of the shock-absorbing layer, an impact layer is arranged at the center of the top of the working layer, impact zone bottom bricks are laid inside the impact layer, the impact zone bottom bricks are laid vertically, and the impact zone bottom bricks are wet-laid with fire mud from the inside to the outside and from the top to the bottom in turn, finally forming an approximately conical impact layer, the top of the impact layer is laid with corundum spinel bricks, the impact layer is provided with a plurality of equidistant slide grooves from the top along the side wall to the bottom, and the outer side of the impact layer is laid with exterior vertical bottom bricks.

[0006] Preferably, the safety layer extends from the bottom plane of the ladle to the side wall of the ladle, and safety layer bottom bricks are laid in the safety layer. The safety layer bottom bricks are laid flat, and the safety layer bottom bricks are laid wet with fire mud. The gap at the connection between the safety layer on the side wall of the ladle and the permanent layer of the bottom is poured with corundum self-flowing material.

[0007] Preferably, the exterior facade bottom bricks and the side walls of the impact layer are laid in wet form with fire mud, and the narrow surfaces of the exterior facade bottom bricks face the top of the impact layer.

[0008] Preferably, the side wall of the chute is a smooth arc shape.

[0009] Preferably, the shock-absorbing layer is paved with high-temperature resistant and highly elastic steel.

[0010] Preferably, the contact gaps between the shock-absorbing layer and the safety layer, the working layer and the shock-absorbing layer, and the working layer and the impact layer are all filled with corundum self-flowing material.

[0011] Preferably, the approximately conical angle formed on both sides of the impact layer is 60°-150°, and the impact layer has an outer shape of an isosceles triangle.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:

[0013] 1. The utility model adopts a nearly conical impact layer structure design. The conical inclined surface can effectively remove the impact force from the molten steel. The nearly conical inclined surface is also equivalent to an isosceles triangle. The structure is more stable and durable, and has good impact and erosion resistance. At the same time, the chute design on the side wall can further share the impact force of the molten steel on the top of the impact layer, better avoid the top of the impact layer from being damaged by the impact of the molten steel, and have high safety in use, which improves the service life of the overall structure.

[0014] 2. The utility model adopts the method of laying the facade bottom bricks on the outer side of the impact layer, and the narrow side of the facade bottom bricks faces the top direction of the impact layer, which can better disperse and transmit these stresses, reduce the concentration of stress inside the brick body, reduce the damage or cracking of the brick body caused by stress concentration, and better withstand the impact of molten steel. The corundum spinel bricks are laid on the top of the impact layer, which makes good use of the high temperature resistance, wear resistance, erosion resistance and high hardness of the corundum spinel bricks, and can better withstand the impact from the molten steel. At the same time, when some facade bottom bricks or corundum spinel bricks are damaged and need to be replaced, only the damaged facade refractory bricks need to be replaced, which reduces the consumption of refractory materials and has low maintenance costs;

[0015] 3. The utility model adopts a shock-absorbing layer between the safety layer and the working layer. The shock-absorbing layer paved with high-temperature resistant and high-elastic steel can alleviate the impact of a small amount of molten steel outside the impact layer, play a better protective role on the bottom of the ladle, enhance the stability and durability of the bottom structure, and further extend the service life of the masonry structure of the bottom of the ladle;

[0016] In general, the utility model has reasonable design, simple structure, low maintenance cost, reduces the risk of steel leakage from the bottom of the ladle, has high safety performance in use, good resistance to molten steel impact, and can better extend the service life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 The utility model is a structural schematic diagram of a high-safety steel ladle bottom masonry structure.

[0018] Figure 2 The utility model is an axonometric schematic diagram of an impact layer of a high-safety steel ladle bottom masonry structure.

[0019] Figure 3 The utility model is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of an impact layer of a high-safety steel ladle bottom masonry structure.

[0020] Figure 4 It is a front view of an impact layer of a high-safety steel ladle bottom masonry structure of the utility model.

[0021] Figure 5 It is a partial enlarged view of the A part of the masonry structure of the bottom of a high-safety steel ladle of the utility model.

[0022] In the figure: 1. ladle body 2. ladle bottom permanent layer 3. shock absorption layer 4. working layer 5. impact layer 501. corundum spinel bricks 502. impact zone bottom bricks 503. chute 504. facade bottom bricks 6. safety layer 601. safety layer bottom bricks. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention, and the technical solution of the present invention is further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0024] like Figure 1-5 As shown, a high-safety ladle bottom masonry structure comprises a ladle body 1, wherein a permanent bottom layer 2 is laid on the inner bottom of the ladle body 1, a safety layer 6 is laid on the top surface of the permanent bottom layer 2, a shock-absorbing layer 3 is laid on the top surface of the safety layer 6, a working layer 4 is laid on the top surface of the shock-absorbing layer 3, an impact layer 5 is arranged at the center of the top surface of the working layer 4, and impact area bottom bricks 502 are laid inside the impact layer 5, the impact area bottom bricks 502 are laid vertically, and the impact area bottom bricks 502 are wet-laid with fire mud from the inside to the outside and from the top to the bottom in turn, and finally an approximately conical impact layer 5 is formed, the top of the impact layer 5 is laid with corundum spinel bricks 501, and the impact layer 5 is provided with a plurality of equidistant slide grooves 503 from the top along the side wall to the bottom, and the outer side of the impact layer 5 is laid with external vertical bottom bricks 504.

[0025] The impact zone bottom bricks 502 in the impact layer 5 are laid vertically, which can make the gaps between the impact zone bottom bricks 502 tighter and the structure more stable. The impact zone bottom bricks 502 are laid in turn from the inside to the outside and from the top to the bottom with fire mud wet laying, which has better structural strength and stability, reduces heat loss, improves masonry accuracy, and has better impact resistance. The impact layer 5 forms an approximately conical impact layer 5, which can effectively remove the impact force from molten steel and has good impact and erosion resistance. The top of the impact layer 5 is paved with corundum spinel bricks 501, which makes good use of the high temperature resistance, wear resistance, erosion resistance and high hardness of the corundum spinel bricks 501, and can better withstand the impact from molten steel. The slide groove 503 design on the side wall can also further share the impact force of the molten steel from the top of the impact layer 5, and better avoid the top of the impact layer 5 being damaged due to the impact of molten steel. It has high safety in use and improves the service life of the overall structure.

[0026] Among them, the safety layer 6 extends from the bottom plane of the ladle to the side wall of the ladle, and the safety layer bottom bricks 601 are laid in the safety layer 6. The safety layer bottom bricks 601 are laid flat, and the safety layer bottom bricks 601 are wet-laid with fire mud. The gap at the connection position between the safety layer 6 on the side wall of the ladle and the permanent layer 2 of the bottom is poured with corundum self-flowing material.

[0027] The safety layer 6 extends from the bottom plane of the ladle to the side wall of the ladle, and the safety layer bottom bricks 601 are wet-laid with fire mud. The gap at the connection position between the safety layer 6 on the side wall of the ladle and the permanent layer 2 on the bottom of the ladle is poured with corundum self-flowing material. The self-flowing material can fully fill the gaps and voids in the bottom of the ladle to form a uniform and dense refractory layer, which improves the stability and durability of the overall structure and effectively reduces the risk of steel leakage.

[0028] The exterior facade bottom bricks 504 and the side walls of the impact layer 5 are laid with fire mud, and the narrow side of the exterior facade bottom bricks 504 faces the top of the impact layer 5 .

[0029] The narrow surface of the facade base brick 504 faces the top of the impact layer 5, which can better disperse and transfer these stresses, reduce the concentration of stress inside the brick body, reduce the damage or cracking of the brick body caused by stress concentration, and better withstand the impact of molten steel. At the same time, when part of the facade base brick 504 is damaged and needs to be replaced, only the damaged facade refractory bricks need to be replaced, which reduces the consumption of refractory materials and has low maintenance costs.

[0030] Among them, the side wall of the chute 503 is a smooth arc shape, which can share the impact force of the molten steel from the top of the impact layer 5, reducing the residence time of the molten steel in the chute 503. The chute 503 is designed to be inclined along the inclined surface of the impact layer 5, which changes the flow direction of the molten steel, reduces the impact force of the molten steel, and better avoids damage to the top of the impact layer 5 due to the impact of the molten steel.

[0031] The shock-absorbing layer 3 is made of high-temperature resistant and highly elastic steel.

[0032] The shock-absorbing layer 3 paved with high-temperature resistant and highly elastic steel can alleviate the impact of a small amount of molten steel outside the impact layer 5, play a better protective role on the bottom of the ladle, enhance the stability and durability of the bottom structure, and further extend the service life of the masonry structure of the ladle bottom.

[0033] Among them, the contact gaps between the shock-absorbing layer 3 and the safety layer 6, the working layer 4 and the shock-absorbing layer 3, and the working layer 4 and the impact layer 5 are all poured with corundum self-flowing material. The self-flowing material can fully fill the gaps and voids at the bottom of the ladle to form a uniform and dense refractory layer, thereby improving the stability and durability of the overall structure and effectively reducing the risk of steel leakage.

[0034] The approximately conical angle formed on both sides of the impact layer 5 is 60°-150°. The impact layer 5 within this range has better impact resistance. The impact layer 5 has an isosceles triangle shape, a more stable and durable structure, and good impact and erosion resistance.

[0035] The working principle of the utility model is as follows:

[0036] The utility model first lays a permanent bottom layer 2 on the bottom of the ladle, and after the permanent bottom layer 2 is leveled, a safety layer 6 is laid on it, and then a shock-absorbing layer 3 and a working layer 4 are laid in sequence on the safety layer 6, and the working layer 4 is vertically laid with impact zone bottom bricks 502, and water inlet seat bricks and air-permeable bricks are laid around the working layer 4 at the same time, and an impact layer 5 is arranged at the center of the top surface of the working layer 4. When in use, when molten steel is loaded, the top of the impact layer 5 is impacted first, and the corundum spinel bricks 501 on the top can offset part of the impact of the molten steel through their own characteristics, and the other part of the molten steel will fall along the chute 503 on the top of the impact layer 5. In the process of the molten steel falling in the chute 503, Due to the inclined and smooth structural characteristics of the chute 503 itself, the impact force can be offset to a large extent, and the remaining molten steel will fall on the approximately conical inclined surface of the impact layer 5. The combined design of the inclined surface and the facade bottom brick 504 can effectively remove the impact force from the molten steel. Under the action of the impact layer 5 to offset the impact force of the molten steel, when the molten steel falls to the working layer 4, the impact force is already very small. The design of the shock-absorbing layer 3 is sufficient to withstand the impact of the remaining molten steel, thereby ensuring the stability and durability of the ladle bottom structure. When part of the facade bottom brick 504 or the corundum spinel brick 501 is damaged and needs to be replaced, it is only necessary to replace the damaged facade refractory bricks.

[0037] In general, the utility model has reasonable design, simple structure, low maintenance cost, reduces the risk of steel leakage from the bottom of the ladle, has high safety performance in use, good resistance to molten steel impact, and can better extend the service life.

[0038] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Although the utility model is described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the above embodiments or replace some of the technical features therein by equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A high-safety ladle bottom masonry structure, comprising a ladle body (1), characterized in that: The inner bottom of the ladle body (1) is paved with a permanent bottom layer (2), the top surface of the permanent bottom layer (2) is paved with a safety layer (6), the top surface of the safety layer (6) is paved with a shock-absorbing layer (3), the top surface of the shock-absorbing layer (3) is paved with a working layer (4), the center of the top surface of the working layer (4) is provided with an impact layer (5), the inside of the impact layer (5) is paved with impact zone bottom bricks (502), the impact zone bottom bricks (502) are vertically laid, and the impact zone bottom bricks (502) are sequentially laid from inside to outside and from top to bottom with fire mud wet laying, finally forming an approximately conical impact layer (5), the top of the impact layer (5) is paved with corundum spinel bricks (501), the impact layer (5) is provided with a plurality of equidistant slide grooves (503) from the top along the side wall to the bottom, and the outer side of the impact layer (5) is paved with external vertical bottom bricks (504).

2. A high-safety steel ladle bottom masonry structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The safety layer (6) extends from the bottom plane of the ladle to the side wall of the ladle. Safety layer bottom bricks (601) are laid in the safety layer (6). The safety layer bottom bricks (601) are laid flat. The safety layer bottom bricks (601) are wet-laid with fire mud. The gap between the safety layer (6) and the permanent layer (2) on the side wall of the ladle is filled with corundum self-flowing material.

3. A high-safety steel ladle bottom masonry structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The exterior facade bottom bricks (504) and the side walls of the impact layer (5) are laid in wet form with fire mud, and the narrow faces of the exterior facade bottom bricks (504) face the top of the impact layer (5).

4. A high-safety steel ladle bottom masonry structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The side wall of the slide groove (503) is in a smooth arc shape.

5. The high-safety steel ladle bottom masonry structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shock-absorbing layer (3) is paved with high-temperature resistant and highly elastic steel.

6. A high-safety steel ladle bottom masonry structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The contact gaps between the shock-absorbing layer (3) and the safety layer (6), the working layer (4) and the shock-absorbing layer (3), and the working layer (4) and the impact layer (5) are all filled with corundum self-flowing material.

7. The high-safety steel ladle bottom masonry structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The approximately conical included angle formed on both sides of the impact layer (5) is 60°-150°, and the impact layer (5) has an outer shape of an isosceles triangle.

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