Solar incident angle measuring device
By designing a solar incident angle measurement device including a substrate, a cover and a visual recognition element, the problem of inaccurate energy output of photovoltaic modules in the prior art is solved, and higher detection accuracy and higher solar energy utilization are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421330763.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-06-12
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-25
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-06-12
AI Technical Summary
When determining the incident angle of sunlight, the prior art is affected by construction level, wind, snow, earthquake and other factors, resulting in inaccurate calculation values, affecting the energy output of photovoltaic modules.
Design a solar incident angle measurement device, including a base body, a cover body and a visual recognition element, the upper surface of the base body is recessed to form a hemispherical groove structure and a light-receiving surface, the cover body closes the groove structure and has multiple light holes, and the visual recognition element The light spot position is detected when the light enters from the light hole and emits on the light receiving surface, and the light incident angle is calculated through the control element and the average value is taken.
The detection accuracy of light incident angle is improved, and the photovoltaic module can adjust the angle more accurately to vertically collect sunlight, thereby improving solar energy absorption and power generation efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN222528615U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the field of photovoltaic solar energy technology, and in particular to a device for measuring the solar incidence angle. Background Art
[0002] With the popularization of new energy technologies, solar energy application technologies are also developing rapidly. When the sun's rays are incident vertically on the photovoltaic modules, the photovoltaic modules obtain the maximum energy output. In scientific research and demonstration, it is very important to ensure whether the sun's rays are incident vertically and obtain the inclination angle of the sun's rays relative to the photovoltaic modules.
[0003] The current industry method of obtaining the incident angle of sunlight is to obtain the inclination of sunlight relative to the horizontal plane through theoretical calculations, and then calculate the inclination of photovoltaic modules and sunlight. The shortcoming of this method is that the inclination of the bracket itself is affected by the construction level, wind and snow, earthquakes, etc., which makes the calculated value inaccurate. Utility Model Content
[0004] The application discloses a solar incident angle measuring device with high detection accuracy.
[0005] Some embodiments of the present application provide a solar incident angle measuring device, including a base, a cover, and a visual identification element. The upper surface of the base is recessed to form a hemispherical groove structure and a hemispherical light-receiving surface. The cover closes the groove structure. The cover has a plurality of light holes. The visual identification element is configured to detect the position of a light spot projected onto the light-receiving surface after the light enters the groove structure from the light holes, so as to provide reference data for calculating the incident angle of the light.
[0006] Optionally, three light holes are provided, and the three light holes are arranged at intervals around the center of the cover body.
[0007] Optionally, the solar incident angle measuring device further comprises: a control element for calculating the light incident angle according to the position of the light spot detected by the visual recognition element.
[0008] Optionally, the solar incidence angle measuring device further comprises: a power supply component installed on the base body, for providing electrical energy to the control element and the visual identification element.
[0009] Optionally, the power supply component includes a photovoltaic cell.
[0010] Optionally, the solar incident angle measuring device further comprises: a display screen, mounted on the cover body, for displaying the numerical value of the light incident angle.
[0011] Optionally, the light hole is closed by a transparent member to isolate external water vapor.
[0012] Optionally, the light-receiving surface includes a coating of a diffuse reflective material.
[0013] Optionally, the visual identification element is arranged on the inner side of the cover, and the visual identification element is a CCD camera.
[0014] Optionally, the solar incident angle measuring device further comprises: a horizontal calibration element, installed on the cover body, for calibrating the horizontality of the cover body.
[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this application are:
[0016] The solar incident angle measuring device of the embodiment of the present application is used to detect the incident angle of light. After the light enters the groove structure from each light hole, it is projected onto the light receiving surface to form a corresponding light spot. After the visual recognition element detects the position of the light spot, the control element calculates the incident angle of the light corresponding to each light spot, and then takes the average value to obtain the final light incident angle value. The photovoltaic component adjusts the angle of the photovoltaic panel according to the real-time light incident angle value, and receives sunlight as vertically as possible, thereby improving the solar energy absorption rate and power generation efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.
[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a solar incident angle measuring device provided in an embodiment of the present application;
[0019] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a cover body of a solar incident angle measuring device provided in an embodiment of the present application;
[0020] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the control elements of the solar incident angle measuring device provided in an embodiment of the present application;
[0021] Figure 4 It is a calculation principle diagram of the solar incidence angle measuring device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
[0022] Explanation of the reference numerals: 100 - solar incidence angle measuring device; 110 - base; 111 - groove structure; 112 - light receiving surface; 120 - cover; 121 - light hole; 122 - reference plane; 130 - visual recognition element; 140 - control element; 150 - power supply component; 160 - display screen; 170 - level ruler. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0023] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0024] In the present application, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "middle", "vertical", "horizontal", "lateral", "longitudinal" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. These terms are mainly used to better describe the present application and its embodiments, and are not used to limit the indicated devices, elements or components to have a specific orientation, or to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation.
[0025] In addition, some of the above terms may be used to express other meanings in addition to indicating orientation or positional relationship. For example, the term "on" may also be used to express a certain dependency or connection relationship in some cases. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of these terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0026] In the related technology, most photovoltaic bracket manufacturers use astronomical calculation methods to detect the solar incident angle, and use the principle that photodiodes are extremely sensitive to light to detect the change in voltage under sunlight, thereby identifying the position of the light spot and then determining the solar incident angle. However, the above traditional solar incident angle detection method itself has poor data collection accuracy, and the data between sensors needs to be calculated and deduced several times, resulting in obvious errors in the final angle data.
[0027] After research, the inventors found that if another form of solar incident angle measuring device can be provided to simplify the calculation method of the light incident angle, and the average value is taken as the final calculation result after sampling at multiple locations, the detection accuracy of the light incident angle can be improved.
[0028] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the solar incident angle measuring device 100 of the embodiment of the present application includes a base 110, a cover 120 and a visual identification element 130. The upper surface of the base 110 is recessed to form a hemispherical groove structure 111 and a hemispherical light receiving surface 112. The cover 120 closes the groove structure 111. The cover 120 has a plurality of light holes 121. The visual identification element 130 is configured to detect the position of a light spot projected on the light receiving surface 112 after the light enters the groove structure 111 from the light hole 121, so as to provide reference data for calculating the incident angle of the light.
[0029] The upper surface of the cover 120 is a reference surface 122 , and the incident angle of the light refers to an angle α of the light relative to the reference surface 122 .
[0030] The solar incident angle measuring device 100 of the embodiment of the present application is used to detect the incident angle of light. After the light enters the groove structure 111 from each light hole 121, it is incident on the light receiving surface 112 to form a corresponding light spot. After the visual recognition element 130 detects the position of the light spot, the control element 140 calculates the incident angle of the light corresponding to each light spot, and then takes the average value to obtain the final light incident angle value. The photovoltaic component adjusts the angle of the photovoltaic panel according to the real-time light incident angle value to receive sunlight as vertically as possible, thereby improving the solar energy absorption rate and power generation efficiency.
[0031] In some embodiments of the present application, the solar incident angle measuring device 100 is installed on the frame of the photovoltaic module, the solar incident angle measuring device 100 rotates synchronously with the photovoltaic module, the reference plane 122 is parallel to the surface of the photovoltaic panel of the photovoltaic module, and the light incident angle obtained by the device is equal to the incident angle of the light irradiated on the photovoltaic panel; in other embodiments, the solar incident angle measuring device 100 can also be applied to other devices; or used to independently detect the light incident angle to provide a reference for adjusting the angle of other devices.
[0032] In some embodiments of the present application, the base 110 is a cylindrical structure with a diameter of 60 mm and a height of 30 mm, the groove structure 111 is opened on the axial upper surface of the base 110, and the light hole 121 is a circular hole with a diameter of 1 mm.
[0033] It can be understood that the diameter of the hemispherical light receiving surface 112 is D, and the diameter of the light hole 121 is d. The smaller d / D is, the higher the precision of the measured light spot position is.
[0034] In other embodiments, the base 110 may be in other shapes, and the light hole 121 may be in other shapes.
[0035] like Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments of the present application, three light holes 121 are provided, and the three light holes 121 are spaced apart around the center M of the cover body 120 .
[0036] This arrangement can evenly receive light in all directions, thereby improving the detection accuracy of the light incident angle.
[0037] As a preferred implementation, the arrangement angle between two adjacent light holes 121 is 120°.
[0038] In other embodiments, the number of the light holes 121 may be four, five, or the like, and the plurality of light holes 121 may be arranged at intervals unevenly around the center M of the cover body 120 .
[0039] like Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments of the present application, the solar incident angle measuring device 100 further includes a control element 140 for calculating the light incident angle according to the position of the light spot detected by the visual recognition element 130.
[0040] As a preferred implementation, the control element 140 is integrated into the base 110 ; in other embodiments, the control element 140 may also be independently disposed relative to the base 110 .
[0041] In some embodiments of the present application, the solar incident angle measuring device 100 further includes a display screen 160 installed on the cover 120 for displaying the value of the light incident angle.
[0042] The display screen 160 is in communication with the control element 140 and is used to intuitively display the real-time value of the incident angle of the light.
[0043] In some embodiments of the present application, the solar incidence angle measuring device 100 further includes a power supply component 150 installed on the base 110 for providing power to the control element 140 and the visual identification element 130 .
[0044] The power supply component 150 is electrically connected to the control element 140 and the visual recognition element 130 to supply power to the two.
[0045] As a preferred implementation, the power supply component 150 is integrated into the base 110 ; in other embodiments, the power supply component 150 may also be independently disposed relative to the base 110 .
[0046] In other embodiments, the power supply assembly 150 may also be independently disposed relative to the base 110 .
[0047] In some embodiments of the present application, the power supply component 150 includes a photovoltaic cell.
[0048] The photovoltaic cells are arranged around the outer circumference of the substrate 110 and directly supply power to the control element 140 and the visual identification element 130 in a direct power supply manner.
[0049] In other embodiments, the power supply assembly 150 may also include a battery, that is, the cover body 120 includes a battery slot, and dry batteries are used to provide power.
[0050] In some embodiments of the present application, the light hole 121 is closed by a transparent member to isolate external water vapor.
[0051] The transparent member can be a highly transparent glass, or a transparent resin or plastic. The transparent member seals the light hole 121, and the main part of the cover 120 is a light-shielding material, which allows light to enter the groove structure 111 from the light hole 121 while preventing other light from penetrating into the groove structure 111, thereby improving the contrast of the light spot formed by the light-receiving surface 112 and making it easy to identify.
[0052] In some embodiments of the present application, the light receiving surface 112 includes a diffuse reflection coating to increase the brightness of the light spot for detection and recognition by the visual recognition element 130 .
[0053] This arrangement can improve the accuracy of the visual recognition element 130 in detecting the light spot position.
[0054] In some embodiments of the present application, the visual identification element 130 is disposed on the inner side of the cover 120 , and the visual identification element 130 is a CCD camera.
[0055] After taking a photo, the CCD camera compares it with the reference image to make an analysis and thus obtain the specific position of the light spot.
[0056] In other embodiments, the surface of the light receiving surface 112 may be coated with a thermosensitive coating, and the visual recognition element 130 is a thermal imaging recognition camera, which determines the position of the light spot by detecting a local high temperature mutation point.
[0057] Alternatively, the visual identification element 130 may also be a thin-film photovoltaic cell covering the surface of the light-receiving surface 112. When the cell is exposed to light, the voltage suddenly changes, and the electrical signal is transmitted to the control element 140 through multiple layers of wires, and the light spot position is determined according to the voltage sudden change position.
[0058] like Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments of the present application, the visual identification element 130 is disposed at the center M of the cover 120 .
[0059] Through this arrangement, the position of the light spot corresponding to each light hole 121 can be detected evenly, and the difference in detection accuracy of multiple light spots is small, thereby improving the accuracy of the final light incident angle.
[0060] In other embodiments, the visual identification element 130 may also be disposed at other positions deviating from the center M of the cover 120 .
[0061] In some embodiments of the present application, the solar incidence angle measuring device 100 further includes a horizontal calibration element installed on the cover 120 for calibrating the horizontality of the cover 120 .
[0062] The upper surface of the cover 120 is a reference surface 122. By setting a level calibration element, it can be intuitively reflected whether the reference surface 122 is level. For example, the level calibration element is a level ruler 170, which is set on the cover 120 and is used to display the levelness.
[0063] It is understandable that whether the reference plane 122 needs to be calibrated to a horizontal state depends on the specific reference calculation model. Normally, the reference plane 122 needs to be calibrated to a horizontal state; when the calibration state of the reference plane 122 is an inclined plane, the reference plane 122 is adjusted to the inclination angle corresponding to the reference calculation model, and the control element 140 calculates the incident angle of the light relative to the reference plane 122 based on the light spot position measured by the visual recognition element 130, and then subtracts the inclination angle of the reference plane 122 relative to the horizontal plane to obtain the absolute incident angle of the light; for example, the inclination angle of the reference plane 122 is 30°, and the calculated angle of the light relative to the reference plane 122 is 40°. When incident on the same side, the absolute incident angle of the light is 70°.
[0064] like Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the working principle of the solar incident angle measuring device 100 of the embodiment of the present application is as follows:
[0065] Calibrate the reference surface 122 by means of a level 170;
[0066] Taking the bottom O of the hemispherical groove structure 111 as the initial point, a rectangular coordinate system or a polar coordinate system is established to parameterize the position of any point on the light-receiving surface 112 and the positions of the three light holes 121 and store them as a reference image;
[0067] The visual recognition element 130 detects the position of the light spot and obtains the specific coordinates of the light spot;
[0068] The light enters the groove structure 111 from the light hole 121 and forms a light spot on the light receiving surface 112. The three light holes 121 form three light spots a, b, and c respectively. The three light holes are a', b', and c' respectively, and the corresponding three light rays are aa', bb', and cc' respectively.
[0069] The visual recognition element 130 detects three light spots a, b, and c, and calculates the coordinate values of the three light spots a, b, and c based on the reference image;
[0070] Combine a, b, c and a', b', c' in pairs to get six direction vectors, among which the three direction vectors with the smallest standard deviation are aa', bb', cc'. Then take the average of the three direction vectors to get the final light incident vector.
[0071] When the reference plane 122 is a horizontal plane, the angle of the incident light vector relative to the reference plane 122 is the incident light angle α; when the reference plane 122 is in an inclined state, the inclination angle of the inclined plane is subtracted.
[0072] For example, if the device is fixed on the frame of a photovoltaic module, the reference plane 122 is parallel to the surface of the photovoltaic panel, and when the light incident angle α is calculated to be 90°, the light vertically enters the photovoltaic panel.
[0073] The solar incident angle measuring device 100 of the embodiment of the present application is used to detect the incident angle of light, and light spots are formed through a one-to-one correspondence between multiple light holes 121. The final light incident angle α is obtained by calculating the average value of the angles of light incident through the multiple light holes 121. Not only is the calculation method simple, but the accuracy is also high. When applied to photovoltaic power generation, it can significantly improve the utilization rate of solar energy and the power generation efficiency.
[0074] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit it. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.
Claims
1. A solar incident angle measuring device, characterized in that: It includes a base, a cover and a visual identification element. The upper surface of the base is concave to form a hemispherical groove structure and a hemispherical light-receiving surface. The cover closes the groove structure. The cover has multiple light holes. The visual identification element is configured to detect the position of a light spot projected onto the light-receiving surface after the light enters the groove structure from the light hole, so as to provide reference data for calculating the incident angle of the light.
2. The solar incident angle measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are three light holes, which are spaced apart around the center of the cover body.
3. The solar incident angle measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solar incident angle measuring device also includes: A control element is used to calculate the incident angle of the light according to the position of the light spot detected by the visual recognition element.
4. The solar incident angle measuring device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The solar incident angle measuring device also includes: A power supply component is installed on the base and is used to provide power to the control element and the visual identification element.
5. The solar incident angle measuring device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The power supply component includes a photovoltaic cell.
6. The solar incident angle measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solar incident angle measuring device also includes: A display screen is installed on the cover body and is used to display the numerical value of the incident angle of the light.
7. The solar incident angle measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light hole is closed by a transparent member to isolate the external water vapor.
8. The solar incident angle measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light receiving surface includes a coating of a diffuse reflection material.
9. The solar incident angle measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The visual recognition element is arranged on the inner side of the cover body, and the visual recognition element is a CCD camera.
10. The solar incident angle measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solar incident angle measuring device also includes: A horizontal calibration element is installed on the cover body and is used to calibrate the horizontality of the cover body.