Electrodeposition anolyte acid salt separation and concentration recycling system

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of electrodeposition anolyte recycling, and particularly relates to an electrodeposition anolyte acid salt separation and concentration recycling system. The device comprises an electrolytic bath, an acid blocking device, a salt concentration device, an acid purification device and an acid concentration device, a deacidified salt liquid outlet of the acid blocking device is connected with a water inlet of the salt concentration device, and a concentrated water outlet of the salt concentration device is connected with a catholyte water inlet of the electrolytic bath. A produced water outlet of the salt concentration device is connected with a regenerated liquid inlet of the acid retardation device, an acid recovery liquid outlet of the acid retardation device is connected with a water inlet of the acid purification device, and a produced water outlet of the acid purification device is connected with a water inlet of the acid concentration device; a concentrated water outlet of the acid purification device is connected with a feed liquid inlet of the acid retarding device, an acid concentrated solution is obtained at a concentrated water outlet of the acid concentration device, and an adsorption filler of the acid retarding device is acid retarding resin. By adopting the system, the effective separation, concentration and recycling of the electrodeposition anolyte acid salt can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of electrolytic anode liquid recycling, and in particular relates to an electrolytic anode liquid acid salt separation and concentration recycling system. Background Art

[0002] Electrowinning is a metal extraction process in the field of non-ferrous metal smelting. It uses an inert plate as an anode. Under the action of an electric field, metal ions in the liquid are enriched and precipitated toward the cathode. A large amount of anode liquid will be produced in the electrowinning process. Reusing all of it will cause an imbalance in the production system. Taking nickel smelting as an example, under the action of direct current, nickel ions in nickel sulfate or nickel chloride solution are deposited as metallic nickel on the cathode of the electrolytic cell. The anode undergoes an oxygen evolution reaction and generates an equivalent acid at the same time. The reaction process is as follows: Cathode reaction: Ni 2+ +2e→Ni, side reaction: 2H + +2e→H2↑, anode reaction: H2O-2e→1 / 2O2↑+2H +。

[0003] As nickel ions are continuously precipitated on the cathode, the nickel ions in the diaphragm bag are depleted. When the nickel ion concentration drops below 50g / L, basic salts will be generated on the cathode plate surface, the hydrogen evolution side reaction will intensify, and the purity and quality of the electro-nickel will change. In order to solve this problem, while nickel ions are precipitated on the cathode plate surface, a high-concentration nickel electrolytic solution with a pH value of 3 to 4.5 should be continuously added in a certain proportion, and the acidic anolyte produced by the anode should be discharged. The treatment method of the discharged acidic anolyte is usually to return part of it to the pressure leaching process, and part of it is neutralized to produce nickel carbonate or nickel hydroxide, which is used to adjust the pH value of the cathode electrolytic new solution and increase the Ni concentration. This process solves the problem of acid imbalance in the nickel electrolytic system, but it consumes a large amount of Na2CO3 and introduces a large amount of sodium salt. It also needs to react a part of the acid to maintain the balanced system of hydrogen ions, sodium ions and metal ions in the system. There are problems such as low acid utilization, high system alkali consumption, large amount of discharged wastewater, and high salt content. The comprehensive utilization rate is low, which has an adverse impact on the environment. Summary of the invention

[0004] The utility model aims to solve the problems of low acid salt separation efficiency, large wastewater volume, high salt content and low comprehensive utilization rate in the existing nickel electrolytic anode liquid recycling system, and proposes an electrolytic anode liquid acid salt separation and concentration recycling system, which realizes effective separation and recovery of acid salts and improves comprehensive utilization rate by adopting a process combining an acid retardation device with a salt concentrator and an acid concentrator.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] The utility model provides an electrolytic anode liquid acid salt separation and concentration reuse system, which comprises an electrolytic cell, an acid retardation device, a salt concentrating device, an acid purification device and an acid concentrating device. The anode liquid outlet of the electrolytic cell is connected to the feed liquid inlet of the acid retardation device, the desalted liquid outlet of the acid retardation device is connected to the inlet of the salt concentrating device, the concentrated water outlet of the salt concentrating device is connected to the cathode liquid inlet of the electrolytic cell, the produced water outlet of the salt concentrating device is connected to the regeneration liquid inlet of the acid retardation device, the acid recovery liquid outlet of the acid retardation device is connected to the inlet of the acid purification device, the produced water outlet of the acid purification device is connected to the inlet of the acid concentrating device, the concentrated water outlet of the acid purification device is connected to the feed liquid inlet of the acid retardation device, the fresh water outlet of the acid concentrating device is connected to the regeneration liquid inlet of the acid retardation device, and the concentrated water outlet of the acid concentrating device obtains acid concentrated liquid; the adsorption filler of the acid retardation device is an acid retardation resin.

[0007] In some embodiments of the present application, the acid retardation device is provided with a filling area, a water distribution area and a water inlet / outlet; the water distribution area is respectively arranged at the top and the bottom of the acid retardation device, the water inlet / outlet includes an upper water inlet / outlet and a lower water inlet / outlet, the top water distribution area is connected to the upper water inlet / outlet, and the bottom water distribution area is connected to the lower water inlet / outlet; when the acid retardation device is in an adsorption state, the lower water inlet / outlet is the feed liquid inlet, and the upper water inlet / outlet is the desalted liquid outlet; when the acid retardation device is in a desorption state, the upper water inlet / outlet is the regeneration liquid inlet, and the lower water inlet / outlet is the acid recovery liquid outlet.

[0008] In some embodiments of the present application, the salt concentration device includes N-stage reverse osmosis units, where N is any integer of one, two, and three; the water inlet of the first reverse osmosis unit is connected to the desalted liquid outlet of the acid retardation device, the concentrate outlet of the first reverse osmosis unit is connected to the cathode liquid inlet of the electrolytic cell, the produced water outlet of each stage of the reverse osmosis units is connected to the water inlet of the next stage of the reverse osmosis unit, the concentrate outlet of the second to N-stage reverse osmosis units is connected to the water inlet of the first reverse osmosis unit, and the produced water outlet of the N-stage reverse osmosis unit is connected to the regeneration liquid inlet of the acid retardation device.

[0009] In some embodiments of the present application, the N-stage reverse osmosis unit adopts a high-pressure reverse osmosis membrane; the membrane assembly of the N-stage reverse osmosis unit is selected from at least one of a disc-tube reverse osmosis membrane assembly, a pipe network reverse osmosis membrane assembly and a roll reverse osmosis membrane assembly.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present application, the acid purification device includes N stages of nanofiltration units, where N is any integer of one, two, or three; the water inlet of the first nanofiltration unit is connected to the acid recovery liquid outlet of the acid retardation device, the concentrate outlet of the first nanofiltration unit is connected to the feed liquid inlet of the acid retardation device, the produced water outlet of each stage of the nanofiltration units is connected to the water inlet of the next stage of the nanofiltration unit, the concentrate outlet of the second to N stage nanofiltration units is connected to the water inlet of the first nanofiltration unit, and the water outlet of the last nanofiltration unit is connected to the water inlet of the acid concentration device.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present application, the molecular weight cutoff of the first-stage nanofiltration unit is 300-400Da, the molecular weight cutoff of the second-stage nanofiltration unit is 100-200Da, and the molecular weight cutoff of the third-stage nanofiltration unit is 100-200Da.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present application, the acid concentration device is selected from at least one of reverse osmosis acid concentration, electrodialysis acid concentration and evaporation acid concentration.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present application, an anion and cation exchange membrane is provided in the electrodialysis acid concentrator; the water inlet of the electrodialysis acid concentrator is connected to the water production outlet of the acid purification device, the fresh water outlet of the electrodialysis acid concentrator is connected to the regeneration liquid inlet of the acid retardation device, and the concentrated water outlet of the electrodialysis acid concentrator obtains the acid concentrated liquid.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present application, the acid concentration device includes N-stage reverse osmosis units, where N is any integer of one, two, and three; the water inlet of the first reverse osmosis unit is connected to the water production outlet of the acid purification device, the concentrated water outlet of the first reverse osmosis unit obtains an acid concentrate, the fresh water outlet of each stage of the reverse osmosis unit is connected to the water inlet of the next stage of the reverse osmosis unit, the concentrated water outlet of the second to N-stage reverse osmosis units is connected to the water inlet of the first reverse osmosis unit, and the fresh water outlet of the N-stage reverse osmosis unit is connected to the regeneration liquid inlet of the acid retardation device.

[0015] In some embodiments of the present application, a filter is further provided on the pipeline connecting the anolyte outlet of the electrolytic cell and the water inlet of the acid retardation device; the pore size of the filter is 1 to 10 μm.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the utility model can achieve the following beneficial effects: first, acid salt separation is performed through an acid retardation device to obtain desalted liquid and acid recovery liquid, the desalted liquid enters a salt concentration device for treatment to obtain a concentrated liquid with a high nickel content and produced water with a low acid concentration, the produced water with a low acid concentration can be used as a regeneration liquid during deacidification of the acid retardation device, thereby improving the utilization rate and reducing the amount of wastewater, the acid recovery liquid first passes through an acid purification device to improve the purity of the acid, and then enters an acid concentration device for further concentration to obtain an acid concentrated liquid with a high acid concentration, thereby realizing the acid salt separation and concentrated reuse of the electrolytic anode liquid. The electrolytic anode liquid acid salt separation and concentrated reuse system proposed in the utility model greatly reduces the acid concentration in the desalted liquid through the connection setting between the acid retardation device and the salt concentration device, so that the nickel ions of the anode liquid are well concentrated through the salt concentration device, and the cathode liquid requirements can be met without adding reagents, thereby realizing the reuse of the electrolytic anode liquid, and the produced water of the salt concentration device and the acid concentration device can also be used as the regeneration liquid of the acid retardation device, thereby improving the utilization rate of the wastewater of the entire system and reducing the amount of wastewater. In addition, the acid recovery liquid first passes through the acid purification device to reduce the concentration of metal salt ions, and then passes through the acid concentration device to obtain an acid concentrate with high acid concentration and low metal salt ion concentration, thereby realizing acid recovery and utilization. In summary, the electrolytic anode liquid acid salt separation and concentration reuse system has the characteristics of no drug consumption, small amount of wastewater, and high acid salt efficiency, thereby achieving the purpose of effective separation of electrolytic anode liquid acid salt and high comprehensive utilization rate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for separating and concentrating anode liquid salt of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 The present invention is a flow chart of a system for separating and concentrating anode liquid salt according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of an acid blocking device according to an embodiment of the utility model.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a flow chart of a system for separating and concentrating anode liquid salt according to another embodiment of the utility model.

[0022] Figure 5 The present invention is a flow chart of a system for separating and concentrating anode liquid salt according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] The reference numerals are as follows: 10 - electrolytic cell; 20 - acid retardation device; 30 - salt concentration device; 31 - primary reverse osmosis unit; 32 - secondary reverse osmosis unit; 40 - acid purification device; 41 - primary nanofiltration unit; 42 - secondary nanofiltration unit; 50 - acid concentration device; 51 - primary reverse osmosis unit; 52 - secondary reverse osmosis unit; 53 - electrodialysis acid concentration device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] Although the present invention can be easily embodied as embodiments of different forms, only some of the specific embodiments are shown in the drawings and described in detail in this specification. It should be understood that this description should be regarded as an exemplary description of the principles of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention to that described herein.

[0025] Thus, a feature indicated in this specification will be used to illustrate one of the features of an embodiment of the utility model, rather than implying that each embodiment of the utility model must have the described feature. In addition, it should be noted that this specification describes many features. Although some features can be combined together to illustrate possible system designs, these features can also be used in other combinations that are not explicitly described. Thus, unless otherwise stated, the described combinations are not intended to be limiting.

[0026] In the accompanying drawings, the directions (such as up, down, left, right, front and back) used to explain the structure and movement of various elements of the present invention are not absolute but relative. These descriptions are appropriate when these elements are in the positions shown in the accompanying drawings. If the description of the position of these elements changes, the directions also change accordingly.

[0027] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2The electrolytic anode liquid acid salt separation and concentration recycling system provided in one embodiment of the utility model comprises: an electrolytic cell 10, an acid retardation device 20, a salt concentrating device 30, an acid purification device 40, and an acid concentrating device 50. The anode liquid outlet of the electrolytic cell 10 is connected to the feed liquid inlet of the acid retardation device 20, the desalted liquid outlet of the acid retardation device 20 is connected to the inlet of the salt concentrating device 30, the concentrated water outlet of the salt concentrating device 30 is connected to the cathode liquid inlet of the electrolytic cell 10, and the salt concentrating device 50 is connected to the cathode liquid inlet of the electrolytic cell 10. The produced water outlet of 30 is connected to the regeneration liquid inlet of the acid retardation device 20, the acid recovery liquid outlet of the acid retardation device 20 is connected to the inlet of the acid purification device 40, the produced water outlet of the acid purification device 40 is connected to the inlet of the acid concentration device 50, the concentrated water outlet of the acid purification device 40 is connected to the feed liquid inlet of the acid retardation device 20, the fresh water outlet of the acid concentration device 50 is connected to the regeneration liquid inlet of the acid retardation device 20, and the concentrated water outlet of the acid concentration device 50 obtains acid concentrated liquid.

[0028] Through the above structural design, the outlet of the electrolytic cell 10 discharges the anolyte with high acid concentration and low nickel ion concentration. The anolyte enters the acid retardation device 20 as the feed liquid for acid adsorption to obtain a desalted solution with a greatly reduced acid concentration. The desalted solution enters the salt concentration device 30 for treatment to obtain a concentrated solution with a high nickel content and a produced water with a low acid concentration. At this time, the nickel ions of the anolyte are well concentrated by the salt concentration device 30, and the requirements of the cathode liquid can be met without adding reagents, thereby realizing the reuse of the electrolytic anolyte. The produced water with a low acid concentration obtained by the salt concentration device 30 can be used as a regeneration liquid to enter the acid retardation device 20 for acid desorption to obtain an acid recovery liquid, thereby improving the wastewater utilization rate of the entire system and reducing the amount of wastewater. The acid recovery liquid first passes through the acid purification device 40 to increase the purity of the acid and reduce the concentration of metal salt ions, and then enters the acid concentration device 50 for further concentration to obtain an acid concentrated solution with a high acid concentration and a low metal salt ion concentration, thereby realizing the acid separation and concentrated reuse of the electrolytic anolyte. In summary, the electrolytic anode liquid acid salt separation and concentration reuse system has the characteristics of no drug consumption, small amount of wastewater, and high acid salt efficiency, achieving the purpose of effective separation of electrolytic anode liquid acid salt and high comprehensive utilization rate.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment, a filter is also provided on the pipeline connecting the anolyte outlet of the electrolytic cell 10 and the water inlet of the acid retardation device 10 to remove suspended matter that may exist in the anolyte to avoid affecting the subsequent process flow. More preferably, the pore size of the filter can be 1 to 10 μm.

[0030] Acid Retarders are used to remove acid from the feed liquid. Figure 3In one embodiment of the utility model, the acid retardation device 20 is provided with a packing area, a water distribution area and a water inlet / outlet. The water distribution area is respectively arranged at the top and the bottom of the acid retardation device 20, and the water inlet / outlet includes an upper water inlet / outlet and a lower water inlet / outlet. The top water distribution area is connected to the upper water inlet / outlet, and the bottom water distribution area is connected to the lower water inlet / outlet. When the acid retardation device 20 is in an adsorption state, the lower water inlet / outlet is the feed liquid inlet, and the upper water inlet / outlet is the desalted liquid outlet; when the acid retardation device 20 is in a desorption state, the upper water inlet / outlet is the regeneration liquid inlet, and the lower water inlet / outlet is the acid recovery liquid outlet; the acid adsorption process is bottom-in and top-out, and the acid desorption process is top-in and bottom-out. At the same time, through the setting of the water distribution area, both the feed liquid and the regeneration liquid can fully contact with the packing, and have good acid adsorption and acid desorption effects. In addition, the acid retardation device 20 is also provided with a sight glass, through which the operation and filler inside the acid retardation device 20 can be observed, and problems can be found and adjusted immediately. Preferably, the adsorption filler in the filler area is an acid retardation resin, and its average particle size is 0.1-0.6 mm. The acid retardation resin can absorb the acid and a small amount of metal salt in the feed liquid, thereby greatly reducing the acid concentration in the feed liquid, and obtaining a desalted liquid with a low acid concentration.

[0031] In the present invention, the salt concentration device 30 includes N reverse osmosis units, where N is any integer of 1, 2, or 3. Figure 4 When N is two, the water inlet of the first-stage reverse osmosis unit 31 is connected to the desalted liquid outlet of the acid retardation device 20, the concentrated water outlet of the first-stage reverse osmosis unit 31 is connected to the cathode liquid inlet of the electrolytic cell 10, the produced water outlet of the first-stage reverse osmosis unit 31 is connected to the water inlet of the second-stage reverse osmosis unit 32, the concentrated water outlet of the second-stage reverse osmosis unit 32 is connected to the water inlet of the first-stage reverse osmosis unit 31, and the fresh water outlet of the second-stage reverse osmosis unit 32 is connected to the regeneration liquid inlet of the acid retardation device 20. The N-stage reverse osmosis unit adopts a high-pressure reverse osmosis membrane, and its membrane assembly can be selected from at least one of a disc-tube reverse osmosis membrane assembly, a pipe network reverse osmosis membrane assembly, and a roll reverse osmosis membrane assembly. The salt concentration device 30 can not only concentrate the nickel ions in the desalted solution to meet the cathode liquid reuse standard, but also the permeate produced by the salt concentration device 30 can be used as the regeneration liquid of the acid blocking device 20 for the acid desorption process because of its low acid concentration, thereby achieving full utilization of the wastewater in the system without the need to add additional water sources, which is beneficial to reducing the amount of wastewater and improving the comprehensive utilization rate. In addition, the salt concentration device 30 can include one to three reverse osmosis units, and the number of which can be flexibly adjusted according to the needs of actual applications.

[0032] In the present invention, the acid purification device 40 includes N-stage nanofiltration units, where N is any integer of 1, 2, or 3. Figure 4When N is two, the water inlet of the first-stage nanofiltration unit 41 is connected to the acid recovery liquid outlet of the acid retardation device 20, the concentrated water outlet of the first-stage nanofiltration unit 41 is connected to the feed liquid inlet of the acid retardation device 20, the produced water outlet of the first-stage nanofiltration unit 41 is connected to the water inlet of the second-stage nanofiltration unit 42, the concentrated water outlet of the second-stage nanofiltration unit 42 is connected to the water inlet of the first-stage nanofiltration unit 41, and the produced water outlet of the second-stage nanofiltration unit 42 is connected to the water inlet of the acid concentration device 50. The N-stage nanofiltration unit can adopt a roll-type nanofiltration membrane assembly. Since the acid retardation device 20 sometimes adsorbs and retains a small amount of metal salts in the anolyte when adsorbing acid, resulting in a certain concentration of metal salts in the acid recovery liquid obtained during desorption, the metal salts can be retained by the acid purification device 40 to further purify the acid, which is conducive to obtaining a high-purity, high-concentration acid concentrate by the subsequent acid concentration device 50. In addition, the acid purification device 40 may include one to three nanofiltration units, the number of which may be flexibly adjusted according to the needs of the actual application. The molecular weight cutoff of the first nanofiltration unit 41 is preferably 300-400 Da, the molecular weight cutoff of the second nanofiltration unit 42 is preferably 100-200 Da, and the molecular weight cutoff of the third nanofiltration unit is preferably 100-200 Da.

[0033] In the present invention, the acid concentrator 50 is selected from at least one of a reverse osmosis acid concentrator, an electrodialysis acid concentrator and an evaporation acid concentrator. Figure 4 The acid concentrator 50 adopts an electrodialysis acid concentrator 53, in which an anion and cation exchange membrane is arranged, the water inlet of the electrodialysis acid concentrator 53 is connected to the produced water outlet of the acid purification device 40, the fresh water outlet of the electrodialysis acid concentrator 53 is connected to the regeneration liquid inlet of the acid retardation device 20, and the concentrated water outlet of the electrodialysis acid concentrator 53 obtains the acid concentrated liquid.

[0034] In another embodiment of the present invention, the acid concentration device 50 is a reverse osmosis acid concentration device, including N-stage reverse osmosis units, where N is any integer of 1, 2, or 3. Figure 5 When N is two, the water inlet of the primary reverse osmosis unit 51 is connected to the water outlet of the acid purification device 40, the concentrated water outlet of the primary reverse osmosis unit 51 obtains the acid concentrate, the fresh water outlet of the primary reverse osmosis unit 51 is connected to the water inlet of the secondary reverse osmosis unit 52, the concentrated water outlet of the secondary reverse osmosis unit 52 is connected to the water inlet of the primary reverse osmosis unit 51, and the fresh water outlet of the secondary reverse osmosis unit 52 is connected to the regeneration liquid inlet of the acid retardation device 20. In addition, the reverse osmosis acid concentration device can include one to three reverse osmosis units, and the number thereof can be flexibly adjusted according to the needs of actual applications.

[0035] The following describes in detail the anolyte recycling process using the electrolytic anolyte acid salt separation and concentration recycling system provided by the utility model.

[0036] Example 1

[0037] The electrolytic anode liquid salt separation and concentration recycling system used in this example is as follows: Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the concentration of each substance in the initial anode wastewater: H + Content is 1000mg / L, Ni 2+ The content is 50000mg / L and Na + The content is 10000 mg / L. The concentration of substances in the effluent of each treatment unit in the system is shown in Table 1.

[0038] Table 1

[0039]

[0040] As can be seen from Table 1, the electrolytic anode liquid acid salt separation and concentration and reuse system provided by the utility model is used to treat anode waste liquid, which has good acid salt separation efficiency, the nickel ion concentration of the obtained salt concentrate can meet the reuse requirements of the cathode liquid, and the sodium ion concentration is low, and the purity and acid concentration of the obtained acid concentrate are high.

[0041] Although the utility model has been described with reference to several typical embodiments, it should be understood that the terms used are illustrative and exemplary, rather than restrictive. Since the utility model can be implemented in a variety of forms without departing from the spirit or essence of the utility model, it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are not limited to any of the aforementioned details, but should be widely interpreted within the spirit and scope defined by the attached claims, so all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the claims or their equivalents should be covered by the attached claims.

Claims

1. A system for separation and concentration of electrolytic anolyte, characterized in that: The invention comprises an electrolytic cell, an acid retardation device, a salt concentrating device, an acid purification device and an acid concentrating device, wherein the anolyte liquid outlet of the electrolytic cell is connected to the feed liquid inlet of the acid retardation device, the desalted liquid outlet of the acid retardation device is connected to the inlet of the salt concentrating device, the concentrated water outlet of the salt concentrating device is connected to the cathode liquid inlet of the electrolytic cell, the produced water outlet of the salt concentrating device is connected to the regenerated liquid inlet of the acid retardation device, the acid recovery liquid outlet of the acid retardation device is connected to the inlet of the acid purification device, the produced water outlet of the acid purification device is connected to the inlet of the acid concentrating device, the concentrated water outlet of the acid purification device is connected to the feed liquid inlet of the acid retardation device, the fresh water outlet of the acid concentrating device is connected to the regenerated liquid inlet of the acid retardation device, and the concentrated water outlet of the acid concentrating device obtains acid concentrated liquid; and the adsorption filler of the acid retardation device is an acid retardation resin.

2. The electrolytic anolyte separation and concentration recycling system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The acid blocking device is provided with a packing area, a water distribution area and a water inlet / outlet; The water distribution areas are respectively arranged at the top and bottom of the acid blocking device, the water inlet / outlet includes an upper water inlet / outlet and a lower water inlet / outlet, the top water distribution area is connected to the upper water inlet / outlet, and the bottom water distribution area is connected to the lower water inlet / outlet; When the acid retardation device is in an adsorption state, the lower water inlet / outlet is the feed liquid inlet, and the upper water inlet / outlet is the desalted liquid outlet; When the acid blocking device is in a desorption state, the upper water inlet / outlet is a regeneration liquid water inlet, and the lower water inlet / outlet is an acid recovery liquid water outlet.

3. The electrolytic anolyte separation and concentration recycling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The salt concentration device comprises N-stage reverse osmosis units, wherein N is any integer of one, two, or three; The water inlet of the first reverse osmosis unit is connected to the desalted liquid outlet of the acid retardation device, the concentrated water outlet of the first reverse osmosis unit is connected to the cathode liquid inlet of the electrolytic cell, the produced water outlets of the reverse osmosis units at each stage are connected to the water inlet of the reverse osmosis unit at the next stage, the concentrated water outlets of the second to N-stage reverse osmosis units are connected to the water inlet of the first reverse osmosis unit, and the produced water outlet of the N-stage reverse osmosis unit is connected to the regeneration liquid inlet of the acid retardation device.

4. The electrolytic anolyte separation and concentration recycling system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The N-stage reverse osmosis unit adopts a high-pressure reverse osmosis membrane; the membrane assembly of the N-stage reverse osmosis unit is selected from at least one of a disc-tube reverse osmosis membrane assembly, a pipe network reverse osmosis membrane assembly and a roll reverse osmosis membrane assembly.

5. The electrolytic anolyte separation and concentration recycling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The acid purification device comprises N-stage nanofiltration units, wherein N is any integer of one, two, or three; The water inlet of the first nanofiltration unit is connected to the acid recovery liquid outlet of the acid retardation device, the concentrate water outlet of the first nanofiltration unit is connected to the feed liquid inlet of the acid retardation device, the produced water outlets of each stage of the nanofiltration units are connected to the water inlet of the next stage of the nanofiltration unit, the concentrate water outlets of the second to N stage nanofiltration units are connected to the water inlet of the first nanofiltration unit, and the water outlet of the last nanofiltration unit is connected to the water inlet of the acid concentration device.

6. The electrolytic anolyte separation and concentration recycling system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The molecular weight cutoff of the first-stage nanofiltration unit is 300-400Da, the molecular weight cutoff of the second-stage nanofiltration unit is 100-200Da, and the molecular weight cutoff of the third-stage nanofiltration unit is 100-200Da.

7. The electrodeposition anolyte separation and concentration recycling system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The acid concentration device is selected from at least one of a reverse osmosis acid concentration device, an electrodialysis acid concentration device and an evaporative acid concentration device.

8. The electrolytic anolyte separation and concentration recycling system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The electrodialysis acid concentrator is provided with an anion and cation exchange membrane; the water inlet of the electrodialysis acid concentrator is connected to the produced water outlet of the acid purification device, the fresh water outlet of the electrodialysis acid concentrator is connected to the regeneration liquid inlet of the acid retardation device, and the concentrated water outlet of the electrodialysis acid concentrator obtains the acid concentrated liquid.

9. The electrolytic anolyte separation and concentration recycling system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The acid concentration device comprises N-stage reverse osmosis units, wherein N is any integer of one, two, or three; The water inlet of the first reverse osmosis unit is connected to the produced water outlet of the acid purification device, the concentrated water outlet of the first reverse osmosis unit obtains acid concentrate, the fresh water outlets of the reverse osmosis units at each stage are connected to the water inlet of the reverse osmosis unit at the next stage, the concentrated water outlets of the second to N-stage reverse osmosis units are connected to the water inlet of the first reverse osmosis unit, and the fresh water outlet of the N-stage reverse osmosis unit is connected to the regeneration liquid inlet of the acid retardation device.

10. The electrolytic anolyte separation and concentration recycling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A filter is also provided on the pipeline connecting the anolyte outlet of the electrolytic cell and the water inlet of the acid blocking device; the pore size of the filter is 1 to 10 μm.

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