Lathe fixture
By designing a lathe fixture containing a variety of fixture components, the problems of unstable clamping effect and difficult to guarantee accuracy in the prior art are solved, and more stable and high-precision workpiece processing is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421340424.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-06-13
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-11
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-06-13
AI Technical Summary
The clamping effect of existing lathe machining fixtures is unstable, making it difficult to ensure high-precision machining.
A lathe fixture including a machine tool connection plate, a fixture chassis, a fixture body, an outer pull rod, an inner pull rod and a claw inclined guide column is designed. The large outer circle of the lower part of the workpiece is clamped through the sub-claw, the positioning pin prevents axial rotation, and the sleeve clamps the outer diameter of the small end of the workpiece to ensure stable clamping.
Improve the clamping stability and processing accuracy of the workpiece, prevent iron filings from entering the fixture and protect the equipment.
Smart Images
Figure CN222588152U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of lathe processing fixtures, in particular to a lathe fixture. Background Art
[0002] The differential housing workpiece can also be called a differential case or differential housing, etc. It is the main load-bearing component of the differential, used to assemble and position the transmission gear assembly, and to achieve the connection between the differential and the gearbox.
[0003] When the size of the differential shell is processed from the blank to the required size, the workpiece needs to be fixed. The fixture is used for clamping during CNC machine tool processing. The existing lathe fixture generally uses a three-jaw chuck to clamp rotating parts and can only clamp one part. The three-jaw chuck cannot guarantee stable clamping and high-precision processing. Utility Model Content
[0004] The utility model mainly solves the technical problems of poor clamping effect and instability in lathe processing in the prior art, and provides a lathe clamp to ensure the stability of clamping of differential shell workpieces and the dimensional accuracy during processing.
[0005] The utility model provides a lathe clamp, comprising: a machine tool connection plate, a clamp chassis, a clamp body, an outer pull rod, an inner pull rod and a claw tilting guide column;
[0006] The clamp chassis is fixed to the machine tool connection plate, and the clamp body is fixed to the side of the clamp chassis away from the machine tool connection plate; one end of the external pull rod is connected to the hydraulic system of the machine tool, and the other end passes through the machine tool connection plate and the clamp chassis, and the clamp claw inclined guide column is inserted into the clamp body and connected to the external pull rod; the bottom of the clamp claw inclined guide column is provided with a sub-claw with a large outer diameter for clamping the lower part of the workpiece;
[0007] An inner pull rod is inserted inside the outer pull rod, and the inner pull rod is connected to the hydraulic system of the machine tool; a connecting plate is sleeved on the lower end of the inner pull rod; a sleeve with a small outer diameter on the upper part of the workpiece is fixed at the bottom of the connecting plate; a wedge-shaped disk is arranged in the fixture body; the inner inclined surface of the wedge-shaped disk cooperates with the outer inclined surface of the lower end of the sleeve, and the outer diameter of the bottom of the sleeve is larger than the inner diameter of the top of the wedge-shaped disk.
[0008] Furthermore, a positioning pin for connecting the lathe fixture to the lathe is provided on the side of the machine tool connecting plate facing away from the fixture chassis.
[0009] Furthermore, a boss is circumferentially arranged at the lower end of the outer pull rod, and the boss can be clamped on the lower surface of the clamp chassis.
[0010] Furthermore, the connecting plate and the expansion sleeve are connected via a plurality of fixing columns.
[0011] Furthermore, the connecting plate is fixed to the stepped shaft of the inner tie rod through the inner tie rod head.
[0012] Furthermore, a spring cover is arranged in the body of the clamp; the top of the spring cover can contact the inner wall of the connecting plate; the bottom of the spring cover is inserted into the expansion sleeve; a dust cover is embedded in the lower part of the spring cover and can seal the opening of the small end of the workpiece; a groove with an upper opening is arranged in the dust cover, and a spring height adjustment block is arranged in the groove; a spring is arranged above the spring height adjustment block; the top of the spring can contact the inner wall of the spring cover.
[0013] Furthermore, a top screw is embedded in the inner wall of the spring cover; a long groove in the up-and-down direction is provided on the surface of the dust cover; and the long groove cooperates with the top screw to realize the up-and-down movement of the dust cover.
[0014] Furthermore, a plurality of workpiece locating pins and workpiece end face locating pins are circumferentially arranged at the bottom of the fixture body; the workpiece locating pins cooperate with the flange holes of the workpiece; and the workpiece end face locating pins can contact the large end face of the flange of the workpiece.
[0015] Furthermore, a lubricating oil injection device is embedded on the side wall of the clamp body; the oil injection nozzle of the lubricating oil injection device is located outside the clamp body, and the oil outlet of the lubricating oil injection device is located on one side of the clamp body close to the inclined guide column of the claw.
[0016] Compared with the prior art, the lathe fixture provided by the utility model has the following advantages:
[0017] 1. The utility model clamps the large outer circle of the lower part of the workpiece by the sub-claws, inserts the workpiece locating pin into the flange hole of the workpiece to prevent axial rotation, the workpiece end face locating pin is close to the large end face of the flange of the workpiece, and the small end outer diameter of the workpiece is clamped by the expansion sleeve, so that the clamping effect is better, the clamping stability is increased, and the accuracy of workpiece processing is increased.
[0018] 2. The utility model also designs a dust cover system to prevent iron filings from entering the fixture during workpiece processing and causing damage to the fixture. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a lathe fixture of the utility model;
[0020] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of a lathe fixture of the utility model;
[0021] Figure 3 This is a 45-degree sectional view of a lathe of the utility model;
[0022] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the part in the middle circle;
[0023] Figure markings: 1-clamp body; 2-workpiece; 3-workpiece locating pin; 4-lubricating oil injection device; 5-locating pin; 6-external pull rod; 7-inner pull rod; 8-machine tool connecting plate; 9-clamp chassis; 10-connecting plate; 11-claw tilting guide column; 12-oiling nozzle; 13-sub-claw; 14-sub-claw fixing bolt; 15-workpiece end face locating pin; 16-expansion sleeve; 17-wedge disk; 18-dust cover; 19-spring height adjustment block; 20-spring; 21-spring cover plate; 22-inner pull rod head; 23-top column. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0024] In order to make the technical problems solved by the present invention, the technical solutions adopted and the technical effects achieved clearer, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It is understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, rather than to limit the present invention. It should also be noted that, for the sake of ease of description, only the parts related to the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings, rather than all of the contents.
[0025] like Figure 1-3 As shown, a lathe fixture provided by an embodiment of the utility model,
[0026] It includes: a machine tool connection plate 8, a fixture chassis 9, a fixture body 1, an outer tie rod 6, an inner tie rod 7 and a claw tilting guide column 11;
[0027] The fixture chassis 9 is fixed to the machine tool connection plate 8, and the fixture body 1 is fixed to the side of the fixture chassis 9 away from the machine tool connection plate 8; a workpiece accommodating groove adapted to the shape of the workpiece 2 is provided at the bottom of the fixture body 1;
[0028] One end of the outer tie rod 6 is connected to the hydraulic system of the machine tool, and the other end passes through the machine tool connection plate 8 and the fixture chassis 9. The claw tilting guide column 11 is inserted into the fixture body 1 and connected to the outer tie rod 6; a boss is arranged circumferentially at the lower end of the outer tie rod 6, and the boss can be clamped on the lower surface of the fixture chassis 9. A sub-claw 13 with a large outer diameter at the lower part of the workpiece 2 is arranged at the bottom of the claw tilting guide column 11; the lower edge of the boss at the lower end of the outer tie rod 6 can be clamped in the slot at the side opening at the upper end of the claw tilting guide column 11; the four claw tilting guide columns 11 are inserted into the fixture body 1 at an angle; the sub-claw 13 is arranged at the bottom of the claw tilting guide column 11; the sub-claw 13 is arranged at the bottom of the claw tilting guide column 11 through the sub-claw fixing bolt 14; the four claw tilting guide columns 11 can drive the bottom sub-claw 13 to tighten inward or loosen outward under the cooperation of the boss and the slot, thereby clamping and loosening the workpiece.
[0029] The inner tie rod 7 is inserted into the outer tie rod 6; the inner tie rod 7 is connected to the hydraulic system of the machine tool; the outer tie rod 6 and the inner tie rod 7 are respectively provided with external threads at the top; the outer tie rod 6 and the inner tie rod 7 are fixed by the external threads and nuts at the top. A connecting plate 10 is sleeved on the lower part of the inner tie rod 7, and the connecting plate 10 is fixed to the stepped shaft of the inner tie rod 7 through the inner tie rod head 22. The bottom of the connecting plate 10 is fixed with an expansion sleeve 16 for clamping the small outer diameter of the upper part of the workpiece 2; the inner wall of the expansion sleeve 16 contacts the small end outer diameter of the top of the differential shell workpiece 2. The connecting plate 10 and the expansion sleeve 16 are connected by a plurality of fixing columns.
[0030] A wedge-shaped disc 17 is arranged in the clamp body 1; a step is arranged in the clamp body 1, and the wedge-shaped disc 17 is fixed on the step by bolts. The inner bevel of the wedge-shaped disc 17 matches with the outer bevel of the lower end of the expansion sleeve 16, and the outer diameter of the bottom of the expansion sleeve 16 is larger than the inner diameter of the top of the wedge-shaped disc 17; the bottom of the expansion sleeve 16 can move up and down in the wedge-shaped disc 17; and the inner bevel of the wedge-shaped disc 17 can match with the outer bevel of the bottom of the expansion sleeve 16 to ensure the opening and tightening of the expansion sleeve, thereby clamping the outer diameter of the small end of the top of the workpiece 2.
[0031] A spring cover plate 21 is arranged in the clamp body 1; the top of the spring cover plate 21 can contact the inner wall of the connecting plate 10; the bottom of the spring cover plate 21 is inserted into the expansion sleeve 16; the spring cover plate 21 is hollow; a limiting groove is arranged in the middle of the spring cover plate 21 in a circumferential direction; the spring cover plate 21 is fixed on the inner wall of the clamp body 1 through the cooperation between the limiting groove and the top column 23; the top column 23 is inserted on the clamp body 1 through the gap between the inclined guide columns 11 of the clamping claws; the top column is inserted on the clamp body 1. A top screw is embedded in the inner wall of the spring cover plate 21. The lower part of the spring cover 21 is movably embedded with a dust cover 18 that can block the opening of the small end of the workpiece; the dust cover 18 is provided with a groove with an upper end opening, and a spring height adjustment block 19 is provided in the groove; a spring 20 is provided on the spring height adjustment block 19; the spring 20 corresponds to the upper and lower positions of the inner pull rod head 22 at the bottom of the inner pull rod 7; the top of the spring 20 can contact the inner wall of the spring cover 21. The surface of the dust cover 18 is provided with a long groove in the upper and lower directions; the end of the top screw can be stuck in the long groove, so that 18 slides up and down. The large diameter end at the bottom of the dust cover 18 can contact the small diameter end face on the workpiece 2; and the outer diameter of the large diameter end is adapted to the outer diameter of the small diameter end on the workpiece 2, so as to prevent iron filings from entering the fixture during workpiece processing and causing damage to the fixture. The inner diameter of the dust cover 18 is adapted to the outer diameter of the spring 20 and the spring height adjustment block 19.
[0032] The bottom of the fixture body 1 is circumferentially provided with a plurality of workpiece positioning pins 3 and workpiece end surface positioning pins 15; there are three workpiece positioning pins 3, which respectively cooperate with the flange holes of the workpiece 2 to prevent axial rotation; there are six workpiece end surface positioning pins 15, which can respectively contact the large end surface of the flange of the workpiece 2 in the circumferential direction. The sub-claws 13 clamp the large outer circle of the lower part of the workpiece 2; the workpiece positioning pins 3 are inserted into the flange holes of the workpiece 2 to prevent axial rotation, and the workpiece end surface positioning pins 15 are close to the large end surface of the flange of the workpiece to achieve clamping and positioning.
[0033] A lubricating oil injection device 4 is embedded on the side wall of the clamp body 1; the lubricating oil injection device oil injection nozzle 12 is located outside the clamp body 1, and the lubricating oil injection device 4 oil outlet is located on the side of the clamp body 1 close to the claw tilting guide column 11 to provide lubrication for the up and down movement of the claw tilting guide column 11.
[0034] Working process of this utility model:
[0035] Part I:
[0036] First, install the lathe fixture to the machine tool through the machine tool connecting plate 8 and the locating pin 5 connected to the lathe, then connect the fixture chassis 9 to the machine tool connecting plate 8, and then install the fixture body 1 to the fixture chassis 9. The tops of the outer pull rod 6 and the inner pull rod 7 pass through the fixture chassis 9 and the middle of the machine tool connecting plate 8 in turn, and then are connected to the hydraulic system of the machine tool to provide push and pull forces.
[0037] When the outer pull rod 6 is pulled up, the inclined guide column 11 and the sub-claw 13 of the clamping claw are tightened inwards to clamp the large outer circle of the lower part of the workpiece 2. When the outer pull rod 6 is pushed down, the inclined guide column 11 and the sub-claw 13 of the clamping claw are moved outwards to release the large outer circle of the lower part of the workpiece 2.
[0038] Part II:
[0039] The expansion sleeve 16 is fixed to the connection plate 10, and the wedge block 17 is fixed to the fixture body 1 and is immovable, and only the expansion sleeve 16 moves up and down. The inner bevel of the wedge plate 17 cooperates with the outer bevel of the bottom of the expansion sleeve 16, so that when the inner pull rod 7 is pulled up, the connection plate 10 and the expansion sleeve 16 are driven to move up, so that the outer bevel at the bottom of the expansion sleeve 16 contacts the inner bevel of the wedge block 17, thereby clamping the workpiece. Conversely, the inner pull rod 7 is pushed down to release the workpiece. At this time, the expansion sleeve 16 moves downward, and the outer bevel at the bottom of the expansion sleeve 16 separates from the inner bevel of the wedge block 17, thereby releasing the workpiece.
[0040] Dust cover part:
[0041] The spring cover 21 is connected to the fixture body 1 by bolts. After the spring height adjustment block 19 and the spring 20 are placed in the dust cover 18, the dust cover 18 is placed in the spring cover 21. There are long grooves in the up and down directions on the outer diameter of the dust cover 18. The dust cover 18 and the spring cover 21 are connected by passing the through hole on the spring cover 21 with a top screw. The dust cover 18 can move up and down; when the workpiece is clamped, the workpiece drives the dust cover upward, and the spring in the dust cover 18 is compressed. Under the action of the spring, the dust cover 18 tightly covers the small end face of the upper end of the workpiece, thereby closing the upper space inside the fixture and preventing processing iron chips from entering the fixture.
[0042] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model, rather than to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, ordinary technicians in the field should understand that modifying the technical solutions recorded in the aforementioned embodiments, or replacing part or all of the technical features therein by equivalents, does not make the essence of the corresponding technical solution deviate from the scope of the technical solution of the embodiments of the utility model.
Claims
1. A lathe fixture, characterized in that: include: A machine tool connecting plate (8), a fixture chassis (9), a fixture body (1), an outer tie rod (6), an inner tie rod (7) and a claw tilting guide column (11); The clamp chassis (9) is fixed to the machine tool connection plate (8), and the clamp body (1) is fixed to the side of the clamp chassis (9) facing away from the machine tool connection plate (8); one end of the external pull rod (6) is connected to the hydraulic system of the machine tool, and the other end passes through the machine tool connection plate (8) and the clamp chassis (9); the clamping claw inclined guide column (11) is inserted into the clamp body (1) and connected to the external pull rod (6); the bottom of the clamping claw inclined guide column (11) is provided with a sub-claw (13) with a large outer diameter for clamping the lower part of the workpiece (2); An inner pull rod (7) is inserted into the inner part of the outer pull rod (6), and the inner pull rod (7) is connected to the hydraulic system of the machine tool; a connecting plate (10) is sleeved on the lower end of the inner pull rod (7); a small outer diameter expansion sleeve (16) for clamping the upper part of the workpiece (2) is fixed at the bottom of the connecting plate (10); a wedge-shaped plate (17) is arranged in the clamp body (1); the inner inclined surface of the wedge-shaped plate (17) cooperates with the outer inclined surface of the lower end of the expansion sleeve (16), and the outer diameter of the bottom of the expansion sleeve (16) is larger than the inner diameter of the top of the wedge-shaped plate (17).
2. The lathe fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: A positioning pin (5) for connecting the lathe clamp to the lathe is provided on a side of the machine tool connection plate (8) facing away from the clamp chassis (9).
3. The lathe fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: A boss is circumferentially arranged at the lower end of the outer pull rod (6), and the boss can be clamped on the lower surface of the clamp chassis (9).
4. The lathe fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connection disk (10) and the expansion sleeve (16) are connected via a plurality of fixing columns.
5. The lathe fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting plate (10) is fixed to the stepped shaft of the inner tie rod (7) via the inner tie rod head (22).
6. The lathe fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: A spring cover plate (21) is arranged in the clamp body (1); the top of the spring cover plate (21) can contact the inner wall of the connecting plate (10); the bottom of the spring cover plate (21) is inserted into the expansion sleeve (16); a dust cover (18) is embedded in the lower part of the spring cover plate (21) and can seal the opening of the small end of the workpiece; a groove with an upper end opening is arranged in the dust cover (18), and a spring height adjustment block (19) is arranged in the groove; a spring (20) is arranged above the spring height adjustment block (19); and the top of the spring (20) can contact the inner wall of the spring cover plate (21).
7. The lathe fixture according to claim 6, characterized in that: The inner wall of the spring cover plate (21) is embedded with a top screw; the surface of the dust cover (18) is provided with a vertical long groove; the long groove cooperates with the top screw to realize the vertical movement of the dust cover (18).
8. The lathe fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of workpiece locating pins (3) and workpiece end face locating pins (15) are arranged circumferentially on the bottom of the clamp body (1); the workpiece locating pins (3) cooperate with the flange holes of the workpiece (2); and the workpiece end face locating pins (15) can contact the large end face of the flange of the workpiece (2).
9. The lathe fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: A lubricating oil injection device (4) is embedded on the side wall of the clamp body (1); the lubricating oil injection device oil injection nozzle (12) is located outside the clamp body (1), and the lubricating oil injection device (4) oil outlet is located on a side of the clamp body (1) close to the inclined guide column (11) of the clamp claw.