The invention relates to a 
crop grain 
static friction coefficient automatic detection test device and method, and the device comprises a 
test bench which comprises a pedestal and a 
test platform, and a tested material and tested 
crop grains are disposed on the 
test platform; the driving mechanism comprises a direct-current brushless motor and a speed 
reducer, the direct-current brushless motor is installed at the rear end of the base, and the speed 
reducer is connected with the direct-current brushless motor; the transmission mechanism comprises a synchronous belt transmission mechanism and an 
optical axis, the 
optical axis is installed at the front end of the base and connected with the speed 
reducer through the synchronous belt transmission mechanism, and the 
test platform is connected with the 
optical axis through a half-split type fixing shaft ring; the control device comprises a controller, a single-ring absolute value 
encoder, a correlation type 
laser sensor, a motor driver and a limiting mechanism, the single-ring absolute value 
encoder is installed at one end of the optical axis, the correlation type 
laser sensor is installed on the test platform, the motor driver is connected with the direct-current brushless motor, and the limiting mechanism is installed on the base and connected with the optical axis. The invention also provides an automatic detection test method of the device.