The invention provides a
fiber bragg
grating sensor, a deep roadway surrounding rock
strain monitoring method and a deep roadway surrounding rock
strain monitoring system, is used for monitoring deformation of deep roadway surrounding rock, and provides a weak
fiber bragg
grating array wide-range
strain sensor which can accurately monitor strain of the deep roadway surrounding rock. The
fiber bragg
grating sensor comprises an
optical fiber, the
optical fiber comprises an
optical fiber core and a plurality of fiber bragg gratings recorded on the optical fiber core, the fiber bragg gratings are weak fiber bragg gratings with the peak
reflectivity lower than 1%, and the multiple fiber bragg gratings conduct unit
discretization on the whole optical fiber to achieve quasi-distributed sensing. In the working process, after incident light enters the sensing network, composed of the fiber bragg gratings, of the optical fiber and has a reflection phenomenon, a part of light
waves meeting the Bragg Bragg grating condition
wavelength can be reflected back, the remaining light
waves can be continuously transmitted to the next grating along the fiber core of the optical fiber, and through multiple times of reflection in the optical fiber and
demodulation of the reflected light, the light
waves with the
wavelength meeting the Bragg Bragg grating condition
wavelength can be obtained. And the sensing function of the
optical fiber sensing network is realized.