The invention discloses a runway intelligent cleaning vehicle based on solar power. The runway intelligent cleaning vehicle based on the solar power comprises a vehicle body and a chassis, a solar cell panel, a driving module, an STC89C52 single chip and a vehicle-mounted wireless module, an automobile motor, a storage battery pack and a sundry collection box as well as a three-degree-of-freedom mechanical arm, an image collection module and an infrared distance measuring module, wherein the vehicle body and and chassis are matched with each other; the solar cell panel is arranged at the top of the vehicle body; the driving module, the STC89C52 single chip and the vehicle-mounted wireless module are arranged on the vehicle body; the automobile motor is arranged in the vehicle body; the storage battery pack and the sundry collection box; the three-degree-of-freedom mechanical arm, the image collection module and the infrared distance measuring module are arranged at the front end of thevehicle body; a caterpillar track is arranged on the chassis; the vehicle-mounted wireless module is used for transmitting signals, transmitting image information, which is collected by the image collection module, and working parameter data, which are collected by the monitoring module, to an upper computer, receiving an instruction from the upper computer and controlling the intelligent vehicleto operate by using the STC89C52 single chip; and an STM32 controller respectively drives a mechanical arm steering engine and a vehicle body motor by using an L298N driver to respectively control the three-degree-of-freedom mechanical arm and the vehicle body. According to the runway intelligent cleaning vehicle based on the solar power, the cleaning and sundry removing functions of a runway arerealized.