Convertible and controlled fixed trough concentrating solar photovoltaic and thermal integrated system

Abstract

A convertible and controllable fixed trough concentrating solar photovoltaic and thermal integrated system belongs to the field of comprehensive utilization of new energy. It includes a fixed trough concentrating plate, a vacuum tube solar thermal collection system, a solar photovoltaic power generation system, a controllable electric conversion system and a support base. The fixed trough concentrating plate is a fixed structure, which can reflect and converge sunlight with changing irradiation angles to form a focusing focal plane. The vacuum tube solar thermal collection system is placed on the focusing focal plane, absorbing direct sunlight on the front side and absorbing, reflecting and concentrating sunlight on the back side and converting it into heat. The solar photovoltaic power generation system is installed at the bottom of the vacuum tube solar thermal collection system, and the photovoltaic panel can be moved upward as a whole through remote control, and the thermal collection system is blocked and located at the focusing focal plane position of the fixed trough concentrating plate, completing the conversion between solar thermal utilization and solar power generation. This system has the advantages of efficient concentration, photothermal and photoelectric conversion, low cost and light weight, and can realize efficient and comprehensive utilization of solar energy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of solar photovoltaic and thermal integrated utilization, and in particular relates to a switchable and controllable fixed trough type concentrating solar photovoltaic and thermal integrated system. Background Art

[0002] With the serious environmental problems in recent years, solar energy has become a hot topic in global research. Solar radiation energy can be directly converted into heat and electricity. The main application directions are solar thermal and photovoltaic. Solar collectors and photovoltaic power generation systems have been used in people's daily lives. Trough solar collectors are the main components of trough solar thermal systems. Their function is to convert solar energy into heat energy. Therefore, the performance of trough collectors directly affects the overall efficiency and cost of solar thermal utilization. The current vacuum tube solar collectors also have obvious disadvantages. The glass vacuum tube is particularly prone to scaling and is not easy to discharge. The glass vacuum tube is prone to cracking when the temperature difference between the inside and outside is large. In addition, the hot water in the vacuum glass tube cannot be effectively used, which also causes the overall efficiency of the solar water heating system to decrease. When used in summer, the temperature of the vacuum tube solar collector is too high, which will also have an adverse effect on the solar thermal system and equipment. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the above-mentioned defects or shortcomings, the purpose of the present invention is to propose a convertible and controllable fixed trough concentrating solar photovoltaic and thermal integrated system, which includes a fixed trough concentrating panel, a vacuum tube solar thermal collection system, a solar photovoltaic power generation system, a controllable electric conversion system and a bracket base.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0005] The present invention discloses a convertible and controllable fixed trough type concentrating solar photovoltaic and thermal integrated system, which includes a fixed trough type concentrating plate, a vacuum tube type solar thermal collection system, a solar photovoltaic power generation system, a controllable electric conversion system and a support base. The solar thermal collection system adopts a fixed mode, and is connected and fixed by a support with two ends and a bottom; the vacuum tube type solar thermal collection system is fixed at the focal plane position of the trough type concentrating plate; the vacuum tube type solar thermal collection system absorbs direct sunlight on the front side, and absorbs reflected and concentrated sunlight on the back side and converts it into heat; the solar photovoltaic system is connected to the support with a chain, and the photovoltaic panel is moved up and down according to the control instruction.

[0006] 1. The fixed trough type concentrator is a fixed structure welded on the base. The concentrator opening faces upward, and the focal plane forms an angle of 40°-50° with the horizontal plane. The bracket contained in the trough type concentrator is used to support the vacuum tube solar thermal collection system and photovoltaic power generation system.

[0007] 2. The vacuum tube solar thermal collector system is arranged in a north-south direction, forming an angle of 40°-50° with the horizontal plane. It includes a vacuum tube collector, a heat exchange water pipe and a compound parabolic concentrator (CPC for short). The vacuum tube solar collector is composed of an outer glass tube, an inner glass tube and an intermediate flat plate heat conduction plate. The sunlight is reflected and concentrated by the above-mentioned fixed trough concentrator, and the focal plane falls on the vacuum tube collectors arranged side by side. After the vacuum tube solar collector absorbs the solar heat, it conducts it upward through the intermediate flat plate heat conduction plate to exchange heat with the circulating medium in the heat exchange water pipe. CPC is installed between the vacuum tubes to reflect the sunlight between the vacuum tubes onto the vacuum tube collector.

[0008] 3. The fixed trough solar photovoltaic power generation system is in the same plane as the above-mentioned solar thermal collection system, and forms an angle of 40°-50° with the horizontal plane. The photovoltaic power generation system includes a solar photovoltaic panel and a heat dissipation system, which are fixed on the transmission chain as a whole. The heat dissipation system is installed on the back of the photovoltaic panel, including a heat dissipation plate, a heat-conducting metal plate and a heat dissipation fin, all of which are made of aluminum alloy with a thickness of 0.1 to 2 mm.

[0009] 4. The controllable electric conversion system includes an electric motor, a chain and a control device. The system is connected to the above-mentioned fixed trough solar photovoltaic power generation system through a chain, and is used to remotely control the photovoltaic system. According to the control command, the photovoltaic panel is moved upward as a whole, and the position of the focal plane of the trough concentrator after the vacuum tube is blocked is adjusted. By adjusting the position of the photovoltaic and photothermal equipment in the focal plane of the concentrator, the ratio of solar power generation and solar heating can be accurately adjusted.

[0010] The vacuum tube solar collector comprises a solar vacuum heat collecting tube and an intermediate flat plate heat conducting plate;

[0011] The solar vacuum heat collecting tube comprises an outer glass tube and an inner glass tube, the two glass tubes are connected by sealing at the tube ends, and the space between the tubes is evacuated; the outer surface of the inner glass tube is coated with a metal heat absorbing film; the metal heat absorbing film is formed by multi-target magnetron sputtering coating, the target material is copper, aluminum, titanium, chromium or stainless steel, and the coating thickness is 100 to 1000 nanometers;

[0012] The intermediate flat plate heat conducting plate is a copper plate, an aluminum plate, a graphene plate, or a flat plate heat pipe, and the plate thickness is 2 to 5 mm. The lower end of the intermediate flat plate heat conducting plate is inserted into the solar vacuum heat collecting tube, and the heat exchange water pipe is directly connected to the upper end of the intermediate flat plate heat conducting plate;

[0013] The vacuum tube solar collector absorbs solar energy and converts it into heat. The solar heat is conducted upward through the intermediate flat plate heat conduction plate set in the solar vacuum collector tube, and heat is exchanged with the medium in the heat exchange water pipe. The heat is circulated and carried away by the medium in the heat exchange water pipe.

[0014] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0015] 1. Using the focal plane focusing design of the fixed trough focusing system instead of the traditional linear focusing design can improve the efficiency of solar photovoltaic and thermal utilization, while avoiding the use of traditional solar tracking equipment and significantly reducing equipment costs.

[0016] 2. It realizes the comprehensive utilization of solar heating and solar power generation at the same time, increases the effective utilization rate of solar energy, reduces the area of ​​photothermal utilization and photovoltaic power generation by concentrating light, and improves efficiency and reduces costs.

[0017] 3. Increase the proportion of solar power generation and reduce the proportion of solar heating in summer, so as to reduce the adverse effects of excess waste heat generated by solar thermal on the system. Through the electric conversion device, the photovoltaic panel is used to shield the vacuum tube solar collector, so as to obtain a higher light radiation intensity in the focal plane, which greatly improves the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic panel and avoids the adverse effects caused by overheating of the vacuum tube.

[0018] 4. The present invention can realize the integrated design of solar photovoltaic and thermal energy. The fixed trough concentrator can greatly increase the solar energy and reduce the use of photovoltaic and thermal energy equipment, so as to more efficiently utilize solar energy for heating and power generation. At the same time, the position of the photovoltaic and thermal energy systems in the focal plane of the focus can be adjusted by the conversion control device, so as to accurately adjust the distribution ratio of solar power generation and solar heating. In addition, the fixed trough concentrator can save the sunlight tracking transmission equipment, greatly reduce the equipment cost, and has a strong promotion prospect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1-1 Schematic diagram of a controllable fixed trough solar photovoltaic and thermal integrated system

[0020] Figure 1-2 Schematic diagram of focusing light to form a focal plane

[0021] 1. Fixed trough concentrator 2. Heat exchange pipe 3. Vacuum tube solar collector 4. Photovoltaic panel 5. Conversion electric system 6. Bracket 7. Compound parabolic concentrator 8. Focal plane (virtual) 9. Outer glass tube 10. Inner glass tube 11. Intermediate heat-conducting metal plate 12. Vacuum tube rubber plug 13. Heat dissipation fin 14. Photovoltaic panel 15. Heat-conducting metal plate 16. Conversion transmission chain 17. Controllable motor

[0022] Figure 2 It is a controllable fixed trough solar photovoltaic and thermal integrated system (top view)

[0023] Figure 3 A partial cross-section of the system

[0024] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 5 It is a partial schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0026] 31. Solar vacuum collector tube; 32. Middle flat heat conducting plate; 33. Heat storage tank; 34. Bracket; 35. Outer glass tube; 36. Inner glass tube; 37. Water inlet; 38. Water outlet; 39. Rubber plug 40. Insulation layer; 41. Inner liner of energy storage tank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0028] The system includes a fixed vacuum tube solar heat collection system, a trough concentrator, a solar photovoltaic power generation system, a controllable electric conversion system and a support base. The solar heat collection system adopts a fixed mode and is connected and fixed by a support with two ends and a bottom; the vacuum tube solar heat collection system is fixed at the focal plane position of the trough concentrator; the solar photovoltaic system is connected to the support with a chain, and the photovoltaic panel moves up and down according to the control instruction.

[0029] The vacuum tube solar thermal collector system is arranged in a north-south direction, forming an angle of 40°-50° with the horizontal plane. It includes a vacuum tube solar thermal collector, a heat exchange water pipe 2, and a compound parabolic concentrator (CPC for short) 7;

[0030] The vacuum tube solar collector comprises an outer glass tube 9, an inner glass tube 10 and an intermediate flat heat conducting plate 11;

[0031] The outer glass tube 9 and the inner glass tube 10 are connected by melting and sealing, and the space between the two glass tubes is evacuated; the outer surface of the inner glass tube is coated with a metal heat-absorbing film; the metal heat-absorbing film is formed by multi-target magnetron sputtering, the target material is copper, aluminum, titanium, chromium or stainless steel, and the coating thickness is 100 to 1000 nanometers;

[0032] The intermediate flat plate heat conducting plate is a copper plate, an aluminum plate, a graphene plate, or a flat plate heat pipe, and the plate thickness is 2 to 5 mm. The lower end of the intermediate flat plate heat conducting plate is inserted into the solar vacuum heat collecting tube (the width of the intermediate flat plate heat conducting plate is smaller than the diameter of the inner glass tube, and the insertion length is smaller than the length of the inner glass tube 10). The heat exchange water pipe 2 is connected to the upper end of the intermediate flat plate heat conducting plate 11;

[0033] The fixed trough type concentrator is a fixed structure welded on the base. The concentrator opening faces upward, and the focal plane forms an angle of 40°-50° with the horizontal plane. The bracket contained in the fixed trough type concentrator is used to support the vacuum tube solar thermal collection system and photovoltaic power generation system.

[0034] The sunlight is reflected and concentrated by the fixed trough type concentrator, and the focal plane falls on the vacuum tube collectors arranged side by side. After the vacuum tube solar collector absorbs the solar heat, it is conducted upward through the intermediate flat plate heat conduction plate to exchange heat with the circulating medium in the heat exchange water pipe. The CPC7 is installed between the vacuum tubes to reflect the sunlight between the vacuum tubes to the vacuum tube collectors.

[0035] The solar photovoltaic power generation system and the solar thermal collection system are in the same plane, forming an angle of 40°-50° with the horizontal plane. The photovoltaic power generation system includes a solar photovoltaic panel and a heat dissipation system, which are fixed on the transmission chain as a whole. The heat dissipation system is installed on the back of the photovoltaic panel, including a heat-conducting metal plate and heat dissipation fins, both of which are made of aluminum alloy with a thickness of 0.1-2 mm.

[0036] The controllable electric conversion system includes a motor, a chain and a control device. The system is connected to the above-mentioned fixed trough solar photovoltaic power generation system through a chain, and is used to remotely control the photovoltaic system. According to the control command, the photovoltaic panel is moved upward as a whole, and the position of the focal plane of the trough concentrator after the vacuum tube is blocked is adjusted. By adjusting the position of the photovoltaic and photothermal equipment in the focal plane of the concentrator, the ratio of solar power generation and solar heating can be accurately adjusted.

[0037] The vacuum tube solar collector comprises a solar vacuum heat collecting tube 31 and an intermediate flat plate heat conducting plate 32;

[0038] The solar vacuum heat collecting tube comprises an outer glass tube 35 and an inner glass tube 36, the two glass tubes are sealed and connected at their ends, and the space between the tubes is evacuated; the outer surface of the inner glass tube is coated with a metal heat absorbing film; the metal heat absorbing film is formed by multi-target magnetron sputtering coating, the target material is copper, aluminum, titanium, chromium or stainless steel, and the coating thickness is 100 to 1000 nanometers;

[0039] The intermediate flat plate heat conducting plate is a copper plate, an aluminum plate, a graphene plate, or a flat plate heat pipe, and the plate thickness is 2 to 5 mm. The lower end of the intermediate flat plate heat conducting plate is inserted into the solar vacuum heat collecting tube (the width of the intermediate flat plate heat conducting plate is smaller than the diameter of the inner glass tube, and the insertion length is smaller than the length of the inner glass tube 36). The hot water storage tank is connected to the upper end of the intermediate flat plate heat conducting plate, and the hot water storage tank 33 has a water inlet 37 and a water outlet 38;

[0040] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0041] 1. Using the focal plane focusing design of the fixed trough focusing system instead of the traditional linear focusing design can improve the efficiency of solar photovoltaic and thermal utilization, while avoiding the use of traditional solar tracking equipment and significantly reducing equipment costs.

[0042] 2. It realizes the comprehensive utilization of solar heating and solar power generation at the same time, increases the effective utilization rate of solar energy, reduces the area of ​​photothermal utilization and photovoltaic power generation by concentrating light, and improves efficiency and reduces costs.

[0043] 3. Increase the proportion of solar power generation and reduce the proportion of solar heating in summer, so as to reduce the adverse effects of excess waste heat generated by solar thermal on the system. Through the electric conversion device, the photovoltaic panel is used to shield the vacuum tube solar collector, so as to obtain more light radiation intensity in the focal plane, which greatly improves the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic panel and avoids the adverse effects caused by overheating of the vacuum tube.

[0044] 4. The present invention can realize the integrated design of solar photovoltaic and thermal energy. The fixed trough concentrator can greatly increase the solar energy and reduce the use of photovoltaic and thermal energy equipment, so as to more efficiently utilize solar energy for heating and power generation. At the same time, the position of the photovoltaic and thermal energy systems in the focal plane of the focus can be adjusted by the conversion control device, so as to accurately adjust the distribution ratio of solar power generation and solar heating. In addition, the fixed trough concentrator can save the sunlight tracking transmission equipment, greatly reduce the equipment cost, and has a strong promotion prospect.

Claims

1. A switchable and controllable fixed trough concentrating solar photovoltaic and thermal integrated system, characterized in that: The system includes a fixed trough concentrator panel, a vacuum tube solar thermal collection system, a solar photovoltaic power generation system, a controllable electric conversion system and a support base; The vacuum tube solar thermal collector system adopts a fixed mode, connected and fixed with brackets with two ends and a bottom; the vacuum tube solar thermal collector system is fixed at the focal plane position of the trough-type concentrator; the vacuum tube solar thermal collector system absorbs direct sunlight on the front side, and absorbs reflected sunlight on the back side and converts it into heat; The fixed slot type condenser is a fixed structure, welded on the base; the condenser opening faces upward, and the focal plane forms an angle of 40°-50° with the horizontal plane; The vacuum tube solar thermal collection system includes vacuum tube solar collectors, heat exchange water pipes and compound parabolic concentrators CPC; sunlight is reflected and concentrated by fixed trough concentrators, and the focal plane falls on the vacuum tube solar collectors arranged side by side; the vacuum tube solar collectors absorb the solar heat and conduct it upward through the intermediate flat plate heat conduction plate to exchange heat with the circulating medium in the heat exchange water pipes; the compound parabolic concentrator CPC is installed between the vacuum tubes to reflect the sunlight between the vacuum tubes onto the vacuum tube solar collectors; The solar photovoltaic power generation system and the vacuum tube solar thermal collection system are in the same plane, forming an angle of 40°-50° with the horizontal plane; the solar photovoltaic power generation system includes solar photovoltaic panels and a heat dissipation system, which are fixed on the transmission chain as a whole; the solar photovoltaic power generation system is connected to the bracket with a chain, and the photovoltaic panels are moved up and down according to the control instructions; The controllable electric conversion system includes an electric motor, a chain and a control device; the controllable electric conversion system is connected to the above-mentioned solar photovoltaic power generation system through a chain, and is used to remotely control the photovoltaic system, and according to the control instruction, the photovoltaic panel is moved upward to the focal plane position of the fixed trough type concentrator after the vacuum tube is blocked, and the position of the photovoltaic and photothermal equipment on the concentrating focal plane is adjusted, thereby adjusting the ratio of solar power generation and solar heating; The vacuum tube solar collector comprises a solar vacuum heat collecting tube and an intermediate flat plate heat conducting plate; The solar vacuum heat collecting tube comprises an outer glass tube and an inner glass tube, the two glass tubes are connected by sealing at the tube ends, and the space between the tubes is evacuated; the outer surface of the inner glass tube is coated with a metal heat absorbing film; the metal heat absorbing film is formed by multi-target magnetron sputtering coating, the target material is copper, aluminum, titanium, chromium or stainless steel, and the coating thickness is 100-1000 nanometers; The intermediate flat plate heat conducting plate is a copper plate, an aluminum plate, a graphene plate, or a flat plate heat pipe, and the plate thickness is 2-5 mm. The lower end of the intermediate flat plate heat conducting plate is inserted into the solar vacuum heat collecting tube, and the heat exchange water pipe is directly connected to the upper end of the intermediate flat plate heat conducting plate; The vacuum tube solar collector absorbs solar energy and converts it into heat. The solar heat is conducted upward through the intermediate flat plate heat conduction plate set in the solar vacuum collector tube, and heat is exchanged with the medium in the heat exchange water pipe. The heat is circulated and carried away by the medium in the heat exchange water pipe.

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