A device and method for simulating multi-angle visualization of anchor reinforcement of water-fractured rock mass fissures

Abstract

The present invention provides a device and method for simulating multi-angle visual anchor reinforcement of water-fractured rock mass fissures, which comprises a box body, the box body is supported on the top of an adjustment device for adjusting its support angle, the interior of the box body is filled with broken rocks through a stress applying device; a camera is arranged on the inner top of the box body; the side wall of the box body is connected to the water injection device through a water injection conduit; a flow meter is installed on the water injection conduit. The problem of insufficient rock mass reinforcement strength caused by insufficient water vapor and air expulsion during grouting in the project is solved. The materials used in this method are easy to obtain, and the operation during construction is very simple, which has broad engineering practice significance and application prospects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of rock mass fissure reinforcement, and in particular relates to a device and method for simulating multi-angle visual anchor reinforcement of water-fractured rock mass fissures. Background Art

[0002] In daily engineering, there are situations where high-pressure water seepage occurs suddenly during the process of reinforcing broken rock masses. Finding a method to repair rock masses with many large cracks inside under high water head conditions to prevent the cracks inside the rock masses from further expanding is a topic that researchers have been paying attention to for a long time.

[0003] At present, the reinforcement technologies used are mostly shotcrete support technology and prestressed anchor cable technology. Both technologies cannot reinforce rock mass under high water head conditions. The present invention invents a device and method for simulating multi-angle visual anchor reinforcement of water-fragmented rock mass cracks for repairing rock mass with many large cracks under high water head conditions, and modifies the existing concrete slurry and construction tools and methods, fundamentally solving the problems of slurry loss and strength reduction during underwater reinforcement that cannot be solved by traditional construction methods. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a device and method for simulating multi-angle visual anchor reinforcement of water-fractured rock cracks, which solves the problem of insufficient rock reinforcement strength due to insufficient expulsion of water vapor and air during grouting in engineering. The materials used in this method are easy to obtain and the operation during construction is very simple, which has broad engineering practice significance and application prospects.

[0005] In order to realize the above-mentioned technical features, the object of the present invention is achieved as follows: a device for simulating multi-angle visualization of anchor reinforcement of water-fractured rock cracks, which includes a box body, the box body is supported on the top of an adjustment device for adjusting its support angle, the interior of the box body is filled with broken rock through a stress applying device; a camera is arranged on the inner top of the box body; the side wall of the box body is connected to the water injection device through a water injection conduit; a flow meter is installed on the water injection conduit.

[0006] The broken rock is a rubbing of a rock in a real environment. The roughness of each small piece of rock fragment can be simulated. Each rock fragment is individually rubbed and then spliced ​​together, which truly simulates the rock condition in the real environment.

[0007] The box body is assembled by transparent acrylic plates. The box body is installed on six sides of the broken rock to fix the broken rock so that it has side limits to apply stress, and the transparent acrylic plates can visualize the experimental process.

[0008] The water injection device comprises a water tank, which is used to provide water head and can realize controllable dynamic water input through holes pre-punched at the side of the water injection conduit, and can carry out both water grouting and waterless grouting experiments.

[0009] It also includes a hollow anchor rod for grouting. The hollow anchor rod adopts a self-propelled hollow anchor rod to realize integrated construction of drilling and grouting. A spiral anchor head is installed at the front end of the anchor rod as a drill bit for drilling. The magnetic drill rod is used as both a drilling drill rod and a grouting flower tube for injecting magnetic mortar and observing the formation of the grouting surface, the expansion of the magnetic mortar in the gap, and the drainage process. The strength and density of the viscous slurry and the magnetic rod can be measured to form a reinforced range to prevent the slurry from running, and water can be displaced when there is water. After the slurry solidifies, a pull-out test can also be carried out.

[0010] It also includes a surface roughening agent for forming roughness on the outer surface of rock fragments, wherein the surface roughening agent contains silicon dioxide, calcium carbonate and adhesive, wherein the percentage of each raw material is 20-30% silicon dioxide, 40-50% calcium carbonate and 20-40% adhesive, and is used to simulate the c and φ values ​​of rock joints.

[0011] Also included are gratings for measuring stress.

[0012] The adjustment device comprises a base and a universal joint, wherein the universal joint is used to support the broken rock and realize observation of the simulated rock at various angles by rotating the angle of the universal joint.

[0013] The magnetic slurry contains cement, fly ash, water, flocculant, water reducer, defoamer, early strength agent, and nano-grade magnetic powder. The percentage of each raw material is: cement 40-45%, fly ash 12-15%, water 25-30%, flocculant 5-10%, water reducer 0.2-0.5%, defoamer 5-7%, early strength agent 0.2-0.8%, and nano-grade magnetic powder 4-6%. It realizes anti-gravity directional flow and self-converging drainage and exhaust in the area.

[0014] A method for plugging a crack in a water-fractured rock mass by using a device that simulates multi-angle visual anchor reinforcement, comprising the following steps:

[0015] Step 1. Material preparation: Prepare the materials required for grouting, including crushed rock, hollow anchor, box, stress applying device, surface roughening agent and magnetic slurry;

[0016] Step 2. Immerse the rock fragments in silica gel, and take out the rock fragments after the silica gel solidifies. This method can make a silica gel mold that simulates broken rocks. Then use resin to achieve rubbing of broken rocks, and it can rub flaky and wedge-shaped rocks. Apply the surface roughening agent to the surface of the broken rock rubbed by numerical rubbing to simulate the roughness and friction angle of the surface of rock fragments in the natural environment.

[0017] Step 3. Prepare magnetic slurry. Weigh cement, fly ash, water, flocculant, water reducer, defoamer, early strength agent, and nano-magnetic powder according to the preset mix ratio table, mix to make magnetic slurry, and perform strength test on the magnetic slurry to meet the test requirements.

[0018] Step 4. The rock-simulating silica gel printed in Step 2 is made into a sample of the size and shape required for the test to simulate the broken rock in reality, and at the same time, it has the transparent visibility that the broken rock in reality does not have;

[0019] Step 5. Paste a grating around the simulated rock cracks, connect the grating to a computer, and observe the real-time stress and strain of the simulated rock specimen through computer software;

[0020] Step 6. A box is fitted around the simulated rock specimen to constrain the simulated rock specimen, and a stress applying device is used to fix it outside the box. The stress applying device can also be used to apply stress to simulate the stress inside the rock in a real natural environment;

[0021] Step 7. Fix the test device: place the entire mobile box for simulation test in the adjustment device so as to observe the real-time strain change of the broken rock during the grouting process from multiple angles;

[0022] Step 8. Prefabricate the hollow anchor rod, add a spiral anchor head to the front of the hollow anchor rod as a drill bit for drilling, insert the magnetic ring at the preset position, and drill grouting holes from large to small from the beginning to the end;

[0023] Step 9. Insert the hollow anchor into the specimen, conduct the grouting test, and use the adjustment device and camera to observe the real-time strain of the simulated rock specimen from multiple angles;

[0024] Step 10. Use a camera to replay the grouting images frame by frame, compare the filling conditions of the cracks inside the broken rock under the original process and the process of the present invention, and use a stress applying device to compare the strength of the broken rock after the reinforcement is completed.

[0025] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] 1. When facing high-head water inrush conditions in underground projects, the present invention can fully drain and exhaust water by allowing the magnetic slurry to fully fill the cracks inside the rock mass.

[0027] 2. The magnetic slurry of the present invention can fully fill the internal cracks of the rock mass and enhance the bonding effect between the rock masses.

[0028] 3. The present invention uses the adsorption force of magnets on magnetic colloids and uses the magnetic ring on the surface of the hollow anchor rod to control the penetration direction of the magnetic slurry to meet the engineering filling requirements of upward inclined cracks and defects that conventional mortar cannot meet.

[0029] 4. The present invention uses a camera to observe the changes in the grouting inside the rock mass. For example, after obtaining the grouting range controlled by a grouting anchor rod, the lap length of each anchor rod in the actual construction process is controlled accordingly.

[0030] 5. The present invention uses a high-speed camera to play frame by frame to visually observe the real-time evolution of the slurry entering the internal crack space of the rock mass from various angles, so as to determine the specific insertion position of the grouting anchor in the actual project to achieve a better grouting effect.

[0031] 6. The present invention is simple to operate and low in cost, and has broad practical significance and application prospects in engineering and experiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0033] Figure 1 This is the rock rubbing process of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 2 The invention provides a simulated rock specimen and an experimental device.

[0035] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the hollow anchor rod of the present invention and a schematic diagram of the range of the magnetic ring adsorbing the magnetic slurry.

[0036] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the anchor rod overlap length and the range of magnetic slurry adsorption by the magnetic ring.

[0037] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the process of filling rock mass cracks using the grouting method of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of filling rock cracks using traditional construction technology.

[0039] In the figure: crushed rock 1, box body 2, water tank 3, stress applying device 5, camera 6, adjustment device 9, water injection pipe 12, flow meter 13. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The embodiments of the present invention are further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0041] Embodiment 1:

[0042] See also Figure 1-6 A device for simulating multi-angle visualization of anchor reinforcement of water-fractured rock fissures, comprising a box body 2, the box body 2 being supported on the top of an adjustment device 9 for adjusting its support angle, the interior of the box body 2 being filled with fractured rock 1 via a stress applying device 5; a camera 6 being arranged on the inner top of the box body 2; the side wall of the box body 2 being connected to the water injection device via a water injection conduit 12; a flow meter 13 being installed on the water injection conduit 12.

[0043] Furthermore, the broken rock 1 is a rubbing of a rock in a real environment, and the roughness of each small piece of rock fragment can be simulated. Each rock fragment is individually rubbed and then spliced ​​together, which truly simulates the rock condition in the real environment.

[0044] Furthermore, the box body 2 is assembled with transparent acrylic plates, and the box body 2 is installed on six sides of the broken rock 1 to fix the broken rock 1 so that it has side limits to apply stress, and the transparent acrylic plates can visualize the experimental process.

[0045] Furthermore, the water injection device includes a water tank 3, which is used to provide water head and can realize controllable dynamic water input through holes pre-drilled on the side of the water injection conduit 12, and can perform both water grouting and waterless grouting experiments.

[0046] Furthermore, it also includes a hollow anchor rod for grouting. The hollow anchor rod adopts a self-propelled hollow anchor rod to realize integrated construction of drilling and grouting. A spiral anchor head is installed at the front end of the anchor rod as a drill bit for drilling. The magnetic drill rod is used as both a drilling drill rod and a grouting flower tube for injecting magnetic mortar and observing the formation of the grouting surface, the expansion of the magnetic mortar in the gap, and the drainage process. The strength and density of the viscous slurry and the magnetic rod can be measured to form a reinforced range to prevent the slurry from running, and water can be displaced when there is water. After the slurry solidifies, a pull-out test can also be carried out.

[0047] Furthermore, it also includes a surface roughening agent for forming roughness on the outer surface of rock fragments, wherein the surface roughening agent contains silicon dioxide, calcium carbonate and adhesive, and the percentage of each raw material is 20-30% silicon dioxide, 40-50% calcium carbonate, and 20-40% adhesive, which is used to simulate the c and φ values ​​of rock joints.

[0048] Furthermore, a grating for measuring stress is also included.

[0049] Furthermore, it also includes a suspension device for suspending the broken rock 1, the suspension device includes 8 cables, which are respectively connected to the 8 corners of the broken rock 1, and the simulated rock 1 at various angles can be realized by controlling the cables.

[0050] Furthermore, the magnetic slurry contains cement, fly ash, water, flocculant, water reducing agent, defoaming agent, early strength agent, and nano-scale magnetic powder. The percentage of each raw material is: cement 40-45%, fly ash 12-15%, water 25-30%, flocculant 5-10%, defoaming agent 5-7%, water reducing agent 0.2-0.5%, early strength agent 0.2-0.8%, and nano-scale magnetic powder 4-6%. It realizes anti-gravity directional flow and self-converging drainage and exhaust in the area.

[0051] Preferably, the magnetic slurry contains cement, fly ash, water, flocculant, water reducer, defoamer, early strength agent, and nano-scale magnetic powder, and the percentage of each raw material is: cement 41.4%, fly ash 12.4%, water 26.9%, flocculant 7.7%, defoamer 6.6%, water reducer 0.3%, early strength agent 0.5%, and nano-scale magnetic powder 4.3%, which realizes anti-gravity directional flow and self-converging drainage and exhaust in the area.

[0052] Embodiment 2:

[0053] A method for plugging a crack in a water-fractured rock mass by using a device that simulates multi-angle visual anchor reinforcement, comprising the following steps:

[0054] Step 1. Material preparation: prepare the materials required for grouting, including crushed rock 1, hollow anchor rod, box body 2, stress applying device 5, surface roughening agent and magnetic slurry;

[0055] Step 2. Immerse the rock fragments in silica gel, and take out the rock fragments after the silica gel solidifies. In this way, a silica gel mold simulating the broken rock 1 can be made, and then the broken rock 1 can be printed using resin 15, and flake-shaped and wedge-shaped rocks can be printed. A surface roughening agent is applied to the surface of the broken rock 1 printed by numerical rubbing to simulate the roughness and friction angle of the surface of the rock fragments in the natural environment;

[0056] Step 3. Prepare magnetic slurry. Weigh cement, fly ash, water, flocculant, water reducer, defoamer, early strength agent, and nano-magnetic powder according to the preset mix ratio table, mix to make magnetic slurry, and perform strength test on the magnetic slurry to meet the test requirements.

[0057] Step 4. The rock-simulating silica gel printed in Step 2 is made into a sample of the size and shape required for the test, so as to simulate the broken rock 1 in reality, and at the same time make it transparent and visible, which the broken rock 1 in reality does not have;

[0058] Step 5. Paste a grating around the simulated rock cracks, connect the grating to a computer, and observe the real-time stress and strain of the simulated rock specimen through computer software;

[0059] Step 6. The simulated rock specimen is fitted with a box body 2 to constrain the simulated rock specimen, and a stress applying device 5 is used to fix the simulated rock specimen on the outside of the box body 2. The stress applying device 5 can also be used to apply stress to simulate the stress inside the rock in a real natural environment;

[0060] Step 7. Fix the test device: place the entire movable box 2 for simulation test in the adjustment device 9, so as to observe the real-time strain change of the broken rock 1 during the grouting process from multiple angles;

[0061] Step 8. Prefabricate the hollow anchor rod, add a spiral anchor head to the front of the hollow anchor rod as a drill bit for drilling, insert the magnetic ring at the preset position, and drill grouting holes from large to small from the beginning to the end;

[0062] Step 9. Insert the hollow anchor into the sample, conduct a grouting test, and use the adjustment device 9 and the camera 6 to observe the real-time strain of the simulated rock specimen at multiple angles;

[0063] Step 10. Use the camera 6 to replay the images during grouting frame by frame, compare the filling conditions of the cracks inside the broken rock 1 under the original process and the process of the present invention, and use the stress applying device 5 to compare the strength of the broken rock 1 after the reinforcement is completed.

Claims

1. A device for simulating multi-angle visualization of anchor reinforcement of water-fractured rock mass fissures, characterized by: It comprises a box body (2), the box body (2) being supported on the top of an adjustment device (9) for adjusting its support angle, the interior of the box body (2) being filled with crushed rocks (1) via a stress applying device (5); a camera (6) being arranged on the inner top of the box body (2); a side wall of the box body (2) being connected to a water injection device via a water injection conduit (12); and a flow meter (13) being installed on the water injection conduit (12); The broken rock (1) is a rubbing of a rock in a real environment. The roughness of each small rock fragment can be simulated. Each rock fragment is individually rubbing and then spliced ​​together, which truly simulates the rock condition in a real environment. The water injection device comprises a water tank (3), the water tank (3) is used to provide a water head, and can realize controllable dynamic water input through a hole pre-punched at a side position of the water injection conduit (12), and can carry out two types of grouting experiments, namely, grouting with water and grouting without water; It also includes a hollow anchor rod for grouting, wherein the hollow anchor rod adopts a self-propelled hollow anchor rod to realize integrated construction of drilling and grouting, a spiral anchor head is added to the front section of the anchor rod as a drill bit for drilling, and a magnetic drill rod is used as both a drilling drill rod and a grouting flower tube for injecting magnetic mortar, and is used to observe the formation of the grouting surface, the expansion of the magnetic mortar in the gap, and the drainage process, and can measure the strength and density of the viscous slurry and the magnetic rod, so as to form a reinforced range so that the slurry does not run, and the water is displaced when there is water, and a pull-out test can be performed after the slurry solidifies; Also included is a surface roughening agent for forming roughness on the outer surface of the rock fragments, the surface roughening agent comprises silicon dioxide, calcium carbonate and adhesive, the percentage of each raw material is 20-30% silicon dioxide, 40-50% calcium carbonate, 20-40% adhesive, and is used to simulate the c and φ values ​​of rock joints; The adjustment device (9) comprises a base and a universal hinge, wherein the universal hinge is used to support the crushed rock (1) and to observe the simulated rock (1) at various angles by rotating the angle of the universal hinge; The magnetic slurry contains cement, fly ash, water, flocculant, water reducer, defoamer, early strength agent, and nano-grade magnetic powder. The percentage of each raw material is: cement 40-45%, fly ash 12-15%, water 25-30%, flocculant 5-10%, water reducer 0.2-0.5%, defoamer 5-7%, early strength agent 0.2-0.8%, and nano-grade magnetic powder 4-6%. It realizes anti-gravity directional flow and self-converging drainage and exhaust in the area.

2. The device for simulating multi-angle visualization of anchor reinforcement of water-fractured rock mass fissures according to claim 1, characterized in that: The box body (2) is assembled from transparent acrylic plates. The box body (2) is installed on six faces of the crushed rock (1) to fix the crushed rock (1) so that it has side limits to facilitate the application of stress. The transparent acrylic plates can visualize the experimental process.

3. The device for simulating multi-angle visual anchor reinforcement of water-fractured rock mass fissures according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also included are gratings for measuring stress.

4. A method for sealing a crack in a water-fractured rock mass by using a device for simulating multi-angle visual anchor reinforcement as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1. Material preparation: prepare materials required for grouting, including crushed rock (1), hollow anchor rod, box body (2), stress applying device (5), surface roughening agent and magnetic slurry; Step 2. Immerse the rock fragments in silica gel, and take out the rock fragments after the silica gel solidifies. In this way, a silica gel mold simulating the broken rock (1) can be made. Then, the broken rock (1) can be printed using resin (15), and flake-shaped or wedge-shaped rocks can be printed. A surface roughening agent is applied to the surface of the broken rock (1) printed using resin (15) to simulate the roughness and friction angle of the surface of the rock fragments in the natural environment. Step 3. Prepare magnetic slurry, weigh cement, fly ash, water, flocculant, water reducer, defoamer, early strength agent, nano-magnetic powder according to the preset mix ratio, mix to make magnetic slurry, and perform strength test on the magnetic slurry to meet the test requirements; Step 4. The rock-simulating silica gel printed in Step 2 is made into a sample of the size and shape required for the test, so as to simulate the broken rock (1) in reality, and at the same time make it transparent and visible, which the broken rock (1) in reality does not have; Step 5. Paste a grating around the simulated rock cracks, connect the grating to a computer, and observe the real-time stress and strain of the simulated rock specimen through computer software; Step 6. A box body (2) is used to fit around the simulated rock specimen to constrain the simulated rock specimen, and a stress applying device (5) is used to fix the simulated rock specimen on the outside of the box body (2). The stress applying device (5) can also be used to apply stress to simulate the stress inside the rock in a real natural environment; Step 7. Fixing the test device: moving the entire box body (2) for the simulation test and placing it in the adjustment device (9) so as to observe the real-time strain change of the broken rock (1) during the grouting process from multiple angles; Step 8. Prefabricate the hollow anchor rod, add a spiral anchor head to the front of the hollow anchor rod as a drill bit for drilling, insert the magnetic ring at the preset position, and drill grouting holes from large to small from the beginning to the end; Step 9. Insert the hollow anchor into the sample, conduct a grouting test, and use the adjustment device (9) and the camera (6) to observe the real-time strain of the simulated rock sample from multiple angles; Step 10. Use a camera (6) to replay the images during grouting frame by frame, compare the filling conditions of the cracks in the crushed rock (1) under the original process and the present process, and use a stress applying device (5) to compare the strength of the crushed rock (1) after the reinforcement is completed.

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