Intelligent breeding system and method for hermetia illucens

Abstract

The invention provides an intelligent breeding system and method for hermetia illucens. The intelligent breeding system comprises a small insect treatment system, a medium insect treatment system and a big insect treatment system. The material preparing and distributing system is used for preparing materials required by the black soldier flies in all the treatment systems in all the growth stages and distributing and putting the materials; the breeding environment control system is used for monitoring, recording and displaying environment values in the system; wherein the environment numerical values comprise humidity, temperature, oxygen content and waste gas content indexes; the small insect treatment system, the medium insect treatment system and the big insect treatment system are matched with the requirements of insect bodies in different growth stages on living spaces and materials in a mode of replacing breeding boxes. According to the technical scheme, intelligent and integrated breeding of the hermetia illucens is achieved, the breeding efficiency and scale of the hermetia illucens are improved, and the utilization rate of the breeding space is further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of black soldier fly breeding, and in particular to a black soldier fly intelligent breeding system and method. Background Art

[0002] The use of black soldier fly insect transformation technology to dispose of organic solid waste is a highly promising technology for the resource utilization of organic solid waste. While solving the pollution of organic solid waste, this technology can also produce black soldier fly products with high protein. It plays an important role in developing new protein sources, realizing high-value resource utilization of organic solid waste, and reducing and replacing animal feed protein. Its production and transformation process does not generate any unusable waste, and it is a low-carbon, efficient, green, multi-level resource utilization technology.

[0003] Chinese patent document CN113875702A discloses a method for breeding black soldier flies, but it only optimizes and improves the cloth feeding in the breeding process of black soldier flies, and cannot achieve the effect of automated, intelligent and integrated black soldier fly breeding.

[0004] In summary, the current technology and equipment level of the black soldier fly industry for the disposal of organic solid waste has broad development prospects, but the level of black soldier fly farming is low, usually artificial ground farming, with problems such as large land occupation, low farming efficiency, high labor intensity, poor farming environment, and poor product consistency, which cannot meet the market demand for large-scale farming of black soldier fly products. Automated three-dimensional farming will become the main direction of industry development. How to design a black soldier fly farming system and farming method to achieve automated, intelligent, and integrated black soldier fly farming effects is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in the industry. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a black soldier fly intelligent breeding system and method to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following specific technical solutions:

[0007] A black soldier fly intelligent breeding system and method, comprising: a small insect processing system, used to receive and place hatched small insects, so that the small insects can grow in the system for 4 to 7 days; a medium insect processing system, which receives medium insects in the small insect processing system after being cultured for 4 to 7 days, so that the medium insects can grow in the system for 2 to 5 days; a large insect processing system, which receives large insects in the medium insect processing system after being cultured for 3 to 6 days, so that the large insects can grow in the system for 3 to 6 days; separating and discharging insect residues in the breeding process in the system; a material distribution system, which configures materials required for each growth stage for black soldier flies in each processing system and distributes the materials; a breeding environment control system, which monitors environmental values ​​in the system and records and displays them; wherein the environmental values ​​include humidity, temperature, oxygen content, and exhaust gas content indicators; and matching the living space and material requirements of insects in different growth stages by replacing breeding boxes between the small insect processing system, the medium insect processing system, and the large insect processing system.

[0008] Furthermore, the small insect processing system, the medium insect processing system, and the large insect processing system are all provided with a tipping unloader, and the tipping unloader performs tipping and tipping operations on the corresponding breeding boxes.

[0009] Furthermore, the breeding boxes are small, medium and large breeding boxes with an area ratio of 1:5:10; the small, medium and large breeding boxes are stored in the small insect processing system, medium insect processing system and large insect processing system respectively.

[0010] Furthermore, the breeding box adopts a self-supporting stackable design, and the breeding box is supported and stacked by the box body itself and the legs arranged around the bottom of the box body.

[0011] Furthermore, a breeding box processing line is provided, which is composed of three breeding box processing sub-lines, namely small, medium and large, connected in parallel; the three processing sub-lines, namely, small, medium and large, are provided with high and low staggered layers at the connection points, thereby realizing an automatic box changing process from a small insect box to a medium insect box, and from a medium insect box to a large insect box.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes:

[0013] The depalletizing and palletizing device can depalletize and palletize breeding boxes of different specifications;

[0014] A data acquisition device receives and transmits the data of the number of breeding boxes entering and leaving the breeding box processing line and the residence time;

[0015] Automatic weighing device to weigh the breeding boxes in different positions.

[0016] Furthermore, the area of ​​each insect breeding box is 0.2m 2 The area of ​​the single box of the medium insect breeding box is 1m 2The area of ​​the large insect breeding box is 2m 2 .

[0017] Furthermore, it also includes:

[0018] A power device, which provides the power required for the movement of the breeding box and other mechanisms;

[0019] Storage and computing system, used to record, store and calculate the overall system data information;

[0020] Connect the system, connect the subsystems, other devices and storage computing systems, and transmit the corresponding data information;

[0021] Information display terminal, used to display in real time the data information obtained by the system through measurement, calculation, reception, etc.;

[0022] The control terminal is used to receive instructions to turn on, run, pause, close, etc. the system; wherein the control terminal triggers conditions through preset instructions, and automatically controls the system to perform the operations such as turning on, running, pausing, closing, etc. when the conditions are met.

[0023] The present invention provides a segmented breeding method for black soldier flies, comprising the following steps:

[0024] Prepare breeding feed required for the growth of black soldier flies;

[0025] Define at least one growth stage of black soldier flies;

[0026] Match the corresponding breeding area to the defined growth stage of black soldier flies.

[0027] Furthermore, the growth stages of the black soldier fly are defined as small, medium and large, wherein the time lengths corresponding to the three growth stages are 4 to 7 days, 2 to 5 days and 3 to 6 days; the ratio of the corresponding breeding areas matching the defined small, medium and large growth stages of the black soldier fly is 1:5:10.

[0028] Technical effects and advantages of the present invention:

[0029] (1) Innovation in the segmented breeding process of black soldier flies. The segmented breeding system and method of black soldier flies based on the principle of growth space stress of insect larvae achieves the optimal match between the breeding space and the growth space requirements at each stage. According to experimental data, the breeding model designed using the patent application scheme can increase the full-cycle insect production rate of the traditional breeding box from 0.8kg horseflies / ㎡·d to 1.5kg horseflies / ㎡·d, reducing the amount of breeding containers used by 20% to 50% from the process principle.

[0030] (2) The composite material self-supporting stackable breeding box is innovative in design. It has the characteristics of low cost, long life, and corrosion resistance. It can be stacked by itself without the need for shelves. It is suitable for large-scale automated three-dimensional breeding of black soldier flies and for high-speed fully automatic breeding box processing lines.

[0031] (3) Innovation of equipment for synchronous linkage of breeding boxes with high-speed processing line. According to actual design and calculation, the processing speed is 40s / box, and the whole process automation functions such as batching, palletizing, loading and unloading, inoculation of worm seedlings, and box changing can be integrated. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the breeding system;

[0033] Figure 2 It is a flow chart of the breeding method;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the growth curve of black soldier fly larvae measured in the experiment;

[0035] Figure 4 Design a growth curve diagram for the black soldier fly;

[0036] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the farming demarcation point;

[0037] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the breeding cycle nodes;

[0038] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of breeding density and breeding area;

[0039] In the figure: 1. Small insect palletizing and disassembling machine; 2. Medium insect palletizing machine; 3. Medium insect palletizing machine; 4. Large insect palletizing machine; 5. Large insect palletizing machine; 7. Small insect flip unloader; 8. Medium insect flip unloader; 9. Large insect flip unloader; 10. Small insect handling system; 20. Medium insect handling system; 30. Large insect handling system; 101. Small insect operating position; 201. Medium insect operating position; 301. Large insect operating position. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] In the description of this patent, it should be understood that the terms "center", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this patent and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on this patent. Terms such as "installation", "setting", "connection", "fixation" and "screwing" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrated connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. Unless otherwise clearly defined, ordinary technicians in this field can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this patent according to specific circumstances.

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, the technical solution of the patent of the present invention is a black soldier fly intelligent breeding system and method, including: a small insect processing system 10, which is used to receive and place hatched small insects for the small insects to grow in the system for 4 to 7 days; a medium insect processing system 20, which receives the medium insects in the small insect processing system after 4 to 7 days of breeding, and the medium insects grow in the system for 2 to 5 days; a large insect processing system 30, which receives the large insects in the medium insect processing system after 3 to 6 days of breeding, and the large insects grow in the system for 3 to 6 days; the insect residue in the breeding process in the system is separated and discharged; the ingredient distribution system configures the materials required for the growth stages of the black soldier flies in each processing system and distributes the materials; the breeding environment control system monitors the environmental values ​​in the system and records and displays them; wherein the environmental values ​​include humidity, temperature, oxygen content, and exhaust gas content indicators;

[0043] In a specific embodiment, the depalletizing and stacking device on the depalletizing and stacking system is set up on a double-screw elevator to realize depalletizing and stacking. The motor rotates to drive the screw to perform spiral feeding motion relative to the vertical ground direction, thereby realizing the depalletizing and stacking functions. The depalletizing and stacking machine realizes movement and positioning in three directions. The Z axis is realized by two screws and precision linear guides to achieve up and down movement. The power source is composed of a 0.75kW servo motor plus a worm reducer and a commutator. The X axis is composed of a servo motor, a ball screw, and a linear guide. The Y axis is built with a two-way telescopic fork.

[0044] The demands of insects at different growth stages for living space and materials are matched by replacing breeding boxes among the small insect processing system 10, the medium insect processing system 20, and the large insect processing system 30.

[0045] The segmented breeding system and method of black soldier flies in the patent application scheme is aimed at scale, intelligence and greenness. According to the full-cycle growth characteristics of black soldier flies, a segmented feeding and breeding process designed based on the principle of growth space stress is adopted to optimally match the breeding space with the growth space requirements of each stage. Advanced information technology and automatic control technology are used to integrate multiple systems such as breeding boxes, breeding box processing, ingredient distribution, etc., and integrate sorting and environmental control systems to form a modular, intelligent three-dimensional feeding and breeding system for black soldier flies with information collection, intelligent decision-making, and feeding and breeding process automation functions. The system is suitable for feeding black soldier flies and similar insects.

[0046] When using the technical solution of this patent application, small and medium-sized factories use the black soldier fly segmented breeding system and method (method), the specially customized self-supporting stackable breeding box, and the breeding box synchronous linkage high-speed processing line. The equipment can feed 60 to 80 tons of solid waste per day, produce 12 to 15 tons of insects per day, have an automated breeding cycle of 12 days, and produce 1.5 kg of flies / m 2 d, single box processing time 40s.

[0047] Compared with artificial breeding, this system can save more than 50% of breeding containers, more than 70% of breeding workshops, and more than 60% of labor, greatly improving the working environment. Compared with the current automated breeding equipment, this equipment system integrates the processes of batching, caching, destacking, measuring, unloading, laying, inoculation, shaping and raking, stacking, and offline into a system to achieve full process automation; it increases the 5-7 day semi-automatic breeding with manual assistance to 12 days of full-process automated breeding; it compresses the breeding box processing beat to less than 40 seconds, which is more than 50% faster than the industry level at the same time; it provides 3 breeding adjustment and correction windows for breeders, effectively ensuring the consistency of insects; it increases the area insect production rate from 0.8kg horseflies / ㎡·d to more than 1.5kg horseflies / ㎡·d.

[0048] like Figure 1 The small insect processing system 10, the medium insect processing system 20, and the large insect processing system 30 are all provided with a turnover unloader 7, 8, 9, and the turnover unloader performs a dumping and turnover operation on the corresponding breeding boxes.

[0049] The breeding boxes are small, medium and large in size with an area ratio of 1:5:10; the small, medium and large breeding boxes are stored in the small insect treatment system, the medium insect treatment system and the large insect treatment system respectively. The breeding boxes adopt a self-supporting stackable design, and the breeding boxes are supported and stacked by the box body itself and the legs arranged around the bottom of the box body.

[0050] The patent application also includes: a breeding box processing line, which is composed of three small, medium and large breeding box processing sub-lines in parallel; the three small, medium and large processing sub-lines are arranged with high and low staggered layers at the connection points, so as to realize the automatic box exchange process from small insect boxes to medium insect boxes, and from medium insect boxes to large insect boxes. A depalletizing device is used to depalletize and palletize breeding boxes of different specifications; a data acquisition device is used to receive and transmit the data of the number of breeding boxes entering and leaving the breeding box processing line and the residence time; an automatic weighing device is used to weigh breeding boxes at different positions.

[0051] The area of ​​the insect breeding box used in Example 1 of this patent application is 0.2m 2 ; Medium worm breeding box single box area 1m 2 ; The area of ​​a single box for breeding large insects is 2m 2 .

[0052] The patent application also includes: a power device to provide the power required for the movement of the breeding box and the operation of other mechanisms; a storage and computing system to record, store and calculate the data information of the overall system;

[0053] Connect the system, connect the subsystems, other devices and storage computing systems, and transmit the corresponding data information;

[0054] The information display terminal is used to display in real time the data information obtained by the system through measurement, calculation, reception, etc.; the control terminal is used to receive instructions to start, run, pause, close, etc. the system; wherein the control terminal triggers conditions through preset instructions, and automatically controls the system to perform the said start, run, pause, close, etc. operations when the conditions are met.

[0055] In the technical solution of the present invention, Figure 2 As shown, the segmented breeding method of black soldier flies comprises the following steps:

[0056] S001 Prepare the breeding feed required for the growth of black soldier flies;

[0057] S003 Define at least one growth stage of black soldier flies;

[0058] S005 matches the corresponding breeding area to the defined growth stage of black soldier flies.

[0059] Specifically, in the steps of the embodiment of the patent application scheme, the growth stages of the black soldier fly are defined as small, medium and large, wherein the time lengths corresponding to the three growth stages are 4 to 7 days, 2 to 5 days and 3 to 6 days; the ratio of the corresponding breeding areas for the defined small, medium and large growth stages of the black soldier fly is 1:5:10.

[0060] Theoretical derivation of the patent application scheme

[0061] 1. Larvae growth characteristics

[0062] like Figure 3 As shown in the figure, according to the experimental growth curve of black soldier fly larvae (conditions: 28 degrees constant temperature box, 70% humidity, excessive chicken feed), the total breeding time of commercial insects is preferably 12 days, including 3 days for 1st and 2nd instars, 2 days for 3rd instar, 3 days for 4th instar, 5 days for 5th instar, and 1 day for 6th instar (prepupa). It can be seen from the curve that the growth of black soldier fly larvae can be roughly divided into 4 stages. The growth of 1-3rd instar larvae is relatively slow (0-5 days); the growth rate of 3rd to 5th instars is extremely high (5-9 days); the growth rate slows down in the middle and late stages of 5th instar (9-13 days); and the weight increases negatively after 13 days.

[0063] The above experimental conditions are relatively ideal. In fact, the average weight of commercial insects is generally 180 mg / piece. According to actual breeding conditions, the weight of black soldier flies at the end of the 5th instar generally does not exceed 200 mg. The design goal of this system is appropriately raised, and the weight target of commercial insects is set at 200 mg / piece.

[0064] 2. Commercial insect breeding cycle

[0065] According to the ideal growth curve measured, black soldier flies enter the prepupal cycle at 13 days, the peak weight of larvae occurs at 13 days, and then the insects turn black and lose weight.

[0066] According to conventional breeding experience, the normal hatching time of black soldier fly eggs is generally 1 to 3 days. According to field tests, the hatching and breeding of black soldier flies generally takes 9 to 10 days, and then they are put into ground ponds for 7 to 9 days, with an average breeding time of about 16 days.

[0067] In summary, since the weight gain rate before prepupa has decreased, and in order to control the proportion of black insects in commercial insects, the end time of breeding should not be set at the end of the 5th instar, but should be ended 1 day in advance. Based on various data, the total design development time from hatching to prepupa (1-5 instars) of this system is assumed to be 15 days, and the total design breeding time for commercial insect production (from hatching to larvae) is set to 14 days.

[0068] 3. Design growth curve

[0069] like Figure 4As shown in the figure, according to the measured data, the inflection points of the growth curve of black soldier flies larvae are around the 3rd and 9th days. According to the "Study on the Development Rate and Food Conversion Rate of Black Soldier Fly Larvae" by Xu Qiyun et al., from the larval weight gain data, the initial 5 days are in line with the exponential growth trend, which turns to a linear growth trend from the 6th to the 10th day, and the last 10 days are in line with the logarithmic growth trend. Overall, it tends to conform to the Logistic curve, and the inflection points of black soldier flies growth appear on the 5th and 10th days. Analysis and judgment show that due to factors such as the determination of the hatching time, the measurement method, the difference in food, and the fact that black soldier flies are too small in the early stage of growth, although the above data are not completely consistent, the three-stage division of the black soldier fly growth curve is basically consistent, and the time difference of the second inflection point is not large.

[0070] Based on the measured growth curve of black soldier flies, the design culture time is set to 14 days (corresponding to the 12th day of the curve) with the larvae hatching as the starting point and the day before the prepupa as the end point. The end point body weight is reduced to 200 mg, and the overall curve is lengthened and proportionally reduced to draw the design growth curve of this system as shown in the figure. Figure 4 shown.

[0071] 4. Farming segmentation demarcation point

[0072] like Figure 5 As shown, in theory, the more breeding segments there are, the higher the matching degree between breeding area demand and area supply, and the smaller the total breeding area. However, considering various factors such as operation, energy consumption, stability of breeding environment, molting of black soldier flies, traditional breeding experience, etc., the breeding segments should not be too many. Referring to the conclusions of the three stages of the relevant research curve, this system temporarily divides the breeding cycle into three segments, namely the breeding period of small insects, medium insects and large insects.

[0073] like Figure 5 As shown in the figure, it can be seen from the curve that the worms of 1 to 3 days are 1 to 2 instars, and the weight gain rate is very slow; 3 to 7 days, the larvae are 3 to 4 instars, the growth rate is fast, and the acceleration is approximately 1.28 mg / d2; 7 to 10 days, the larvae are in the early 5th instar, and the weight growth rate is very fast, the growth rate is nearly 9.24 mg / d; 10 to 14 days, the larvae are in the middle and late 5th instars, the weight continues to grow and the growth rate is fast, but the growth rate begins to decline. In terms of the proportion of weight gain, the weight gain of 1 to 3 days accounts for 0.3% of the worm weight; the weight gain of 3 to 7 days accounts for 6.8%; the weight gain of 7 to 10 days accounts for 42.2%; the weight gain of 10 to 14 days accounts for 50.7%.

[0074] From the weight gain percentage curve, we can see that the decisive factor for weight gain is 1 to 14 days, accounting for 92.9% in total. From the growth rate curve, the inflection points of the growth rate curve appear on the 3rd, 7th and 10th days.

[0075] The larvae on the 1st to 3rd day are very small and gain weight slowly, which is difficult to distinguish from the hatching stage. It can be considered to be combined with the hatching to save the area for insect breeding. However, the insects on the 3rd day are in the molting period, and there is an adaptation process for them to be inoculated into the insect breeding box after hatching. Therefore, 1 to 2 days are incorporated into the hatching stage, which can be flexibly adjusted and not included in the equipment breeding range. The formal breeding starting point can be set on the 3rd day, and 3 to 14 days are set as the equipment breeding period, which lasts for 12 days.

[0076] In summary, the dividing points of the breeding segments should be the 3rd, 7th and 10th days, and further economic and technical comparisons are needed for specific positioning of the breeding period.

[0077] 5. Design breeding curve

[0078] As shown in Appendix 6, the total equipment breeding cycle is 12 days, and the box replacement time points are D5 and D8.

[0079] The worm stage is D1-D5, a total of 4 to 7 days;

[0080] The middle stage is D6-D8, a total of 2 to 5 days;

[0081] The adult insect stage is from D9 to D12, a total of 3 to 6 days;

[0082] 5. Density of breeding medium and large insects

[0083] According to experimental data, 10 kg of commercial insects can be produced per square meter of breeding area, corresponding to about 50 kg of feed. Through analysis, when 10 tons of feed is added daily, 2 tons of insects are produced daily, the breeding cycle is 6 days, and the daily breeding area is 200 square meters, the insect density is 10 kg / square meter; therefore, it is believed that the biomass density of the breeding of medium and large larvae of black soldier flies is 10 kg / square meter.

[0084] 6. Insect breeding density

[0085] There are about 5 million commercial insects per ton, corresponding to 500g of eggs. The seedling box is 0.5*0.4m, and 50g of eggs are put in each box, about 500,000 eggs / box. The hatching takes 2 to 3 days and the cultivation takes 6 to 8 days. If calculated based on the weight of the insects on the 7th day (14.3mg / d), the breeding density is 7.15kg / ㎡. If calculated based on the weight of the insects on the 8th day (28.38mg / d), the breeding density is 11.35kg / ㎡.

[0086] According to experience, the density of worm eggs is 208g / ㎡ (50g, 0.6*0.4m box), and the breeding density is 0.35kg / ㎡ based on the weight of 0.7mg / piece on the third day. After that, they need to be transferred to a 2㎡ large box for 5 days, and the breeding density is 7.1kg / ㎡ based on the weight of 28.38mg / piece on the eighth day.

[0087] Therefore, the stocking density of small insects should be lower than that of medium and large insects. This system takes 7kg / ㎡ as a design reference.

[0088] 7. Consumption of livestock feed

[0089] It is assumed that the rate of consumption of culture feed matches the growth rate of larvae.

[0090] Methods for expanding aquaculture space

[0091] In traditional breeding schemes, if it is necessary to expand the growth space of larvae, the method of dividing boxes or changing boxes is generally adopted. When dividing boxes, workers need to divide the insect residue mixture evenly into several new boxes based on experience. This has low accuracy, high labor intensity, and is not easy to realize automated production. The box changing scheme is to replace the insect residue mixture into a larger container, such as putting the small insects into a ground pool, so as to increase the growth space. This scheme is easy to realize automation, and avoids the problem of uneven distribution in the box division scheme, and the interference to the larvae is relatively low. Therefore, the space expansion method between each segment of this scheme adopts the box changing method.

[0092] Total breeding area by segment

[0093] like Figure 7 As shown, the breeding area of ​​each segment is controlled according to the breeding density at the end of the period. The segmented plan is calculated according to four plans: 5+3+4, 4+4+4, 3+5+4, and 5+4+3. The optimal plan is 5 days for the small insect stage, 3 days for the middle insect stage, and 4 days for the large insect stage.

[0094] Working principle of the technical solution of the present invention:

[0095] (1) Production process

[0096] By studying the breeding needs of black soldier flies throughout their life cycle, the intelligent segmented feeding system for black soldier flies adopts a segmented breeding process based on the principle of space stress for the growth of insect larvae. This process sets up three types of breeding boxes, small, medium and large, with an area ratio of 1:5:10. It is an intelligent feeding system for segmented feeding and staged breeding of black soldier fly larvae. The three stages of small, medium and large insects are respectively cultured for 4 to 7 days, 2 to 5 days and 3 to 6 days, so that the supply of breeding space is optimally matched with the space demand during the growth process of larvae. The system completes the intelligent breeding process of commercial insects through steps such as ingredient distribution, insect seedling inoculation, breeding in breeding boxes, breeding environment control, unloading and discharging, and induced sorting.

[0097] The feeding system will compound the feed in the batching system with materials such as restaurant kitchen waste, livestock and poultry manure, agricultural straw, and biological agents according to the feeding requirements; at the beginning of the small insect box breeding, the insect seedlings will be inoculated and the small insect feed will be fed. At the end of the small insect breeding stage, the insect residue mixture will be dumped into the breeding box of the next stage to expand the growth space and replenish the breeding feed for the new stage; at the end of the large insect box breeding, the feed will be unloaded to the sorting system to separate the insect feces from the commercial insects. The breeding boxes are stacked in 6 layers in the breeding warehouse for isolated breeding, which separates the manual operation space from the black soldier fly breeding space and improves the operating environment for personnel. The height of the breeding warehouse is 3 to 4.5m, and the placement of the breeding racks controls the spatial breeding density of the breeding warehouse to 0.8 to 1.0kg of horseflies / m 3 , so that the ventilation, temperature control, humidity control and exhaust gas concentration requirements of the breeding warehouse are basically consistent, reducing ventilation energy consumption and environmental pollution.

[0098] (2) Main equipment

[0099] 1) Breeding box system

[0100] The breeding box of the feeding system is made of corrosion-resistant, high-strength, and long-life sheet molding compound (SMC). It is a self-supporting, stackable breeding box suitable for large-scale automated three-dimensional breeding of black soldier flies, and is specially optimized for high-speed fully automatic breeding box processing.

[0101] The area of ​​a single insect breeding box is 0.2m 2 , medium insect breeding box single box area 1m 2 , the area of ​​a single box of large insect breeding box is 2m 2 , to meet the needs of increasing breeding area at different stages. A single breeding box includes a box body and 4 legs. The side wall of the box is provided with a cut corner, the upper end is provided with a flange, and the legs are provided with a slot. The legs are connected to the cut corner of the box body and fixed with bolts to form a flexible assembly. There is a cam at the top of the breeding box leg, a slot and a groove at the middle end, and a supporting structure and a guide limit mechanism at the bottom. The cam can be matched and connected with the slot, and the breeding box is stacked up and down with the cam of the leg and the slot.

[0102] The scheme is reasonably designed and has uniform force. When a single box is placed flat or multiple boxes are stacked, the force is transmitted and received by the legs. The box body and leg combination can directly bear the weight of the upper stacked body, and there is no need to set up a separate breeding support. It has a higher volume and a larger ventilation gap, and meets the working conditions requirements of stacking, depalletizing, clamping, conveying, flipping, and vibration.

[0103] 2) Breeding box processing line

[0104] The feeding system breeding box processing line is a segmented breeding box synchronous linkage high-speed processing line composed of three breeding box processing sub-lines of small, medium and large in parallel. It is used to complete the tasks of breeding box unpacking, loading and unloading, inoculating insect seedlings and changing boxes in three stages of breeding, and is equipped with data collection, automatic weighing, automatic turning and raking, automatic leveling and other functions.

[0105] The small insect breeding boxes and breeding racks use telescopic forks to pick up and place the breeding boxes; the medium and large insect self-supporting breeding boxes use gantry clamp destackers to destacker; the breeding racks are transported by roller conveyors, and the breeding boxes are transported by double-speed chain conveyors. Through the special compatibility design of the breeding boxes and the breeding box processing line, the automated processing of the breeding boxes is safer, more efficient and smoother, and the processing time of a single box is reduced to less than 40 seconds. The processing line realizes the automatic and rapid box exchange from small insect boxes to medium insect boxes and from medium insects to large insect boxes through a unique high-low staggered connection design, making the expansion of the breeding space simple and efficient, and strongly supporting the realization of the segmented feeding process.

[0106] 3) Batching and distributing equipment

[0107] The feeding system uses a variety of urban and rural organic waste materials such as kitchen waste, livestock and poultry manure, and crop straw to feed black soldier fly larvae and produce different types of commercial insects. The system can also pre-treat and mix the multi-materials according to the breeding process requirements, and accurately distribute them through a special multi-material distributing machine. The distributing machine can automatically adjust the distributing amount according to the growth of black soldier flies in the three stages to ensure that the feeding amount is in a reasonable state, improve the conversion efficiency, and ensure the consistency of commercial insects. The distributing machine can also realize the synchronous parallel extrusion of dual materials with adjustable proportions in a non-mixed state according to the material characteristics and breeding process requirements, replacing the mixing link, making the breeding of multi-materials of black soldier flies more flexible, efficient and energy-saving.

[0108] The role and significance of this patent technology application plan

[0109] (1) Black soldier fly segmented breeding system

[0110] The black soldier fly segmented breeding system and method is a set of black soldier fly breeding technology based on the principle of growth space stress of insect larvae. Through research, the process is divided into optimal breeding stages of 4 to 7 days, 2 to 5 days, and 3 to 6 days, and equipped with three different sizes of breeding boxes, small, medium, and large, according to the optimal area ratio of 1:5:10. Through the coupling effect of breeding compound ingredients, growth regulation measures, and environmental regulation measures, the black soldier fly larvae proliferation rate inflection point is reasonably used to carry out box replacement and capacity expansion operations, achieving the optimal match between the breeding space and the growth space requirements of each stage, and avoiding the impact of the box replacement operation on the growth and development of the larvae while ensuring that the total breeding area is occupied to a minimum.

[0111] The segmented feeding process utilizes the changing characteristics of the black soldier flies' growth rate to fully reduce the ineffective occupation of surplus space by larvae in the slow-growth period, and increases the full-cycle worm production rate of traditional breeding boxes from 0.8kg horseflies / ㎡·d to 1.5kg horseflies / ㎡·d, thereby improving breeding efficiency, reducing the total breeding area, unifying the ventilation requirements of temperature and humidity control and air exchange, saving investment, and reducing environmental control pressure and operating costs.

[0112] At present, black soldier flies are generally farmed in two ways: single-layer (flat) breeding boxes and multi-layer (three-dimensional) breeding. Ordinary black soldier fly three-dimensional breeding solutions only increase the utilization rate of breeding space by increasing the number of stacked layers of breeding containers and compressing the distance between layers. This technical route only increases the breeding density in terms of space, and does not essentially save breeding containers and materials. Moreover, the excessive number of stacked layers, excessive breeding density, and too small breeding space have worsened the environment of the black soldier fly breeding warehouse, causing a serious imbalance in the ventilation, water vapor removal, temperature control and other needs of the breeding warehouse. It is more difficult to control the temperature and humidity of the breeding space, the temperature difference between layers is widened, and the consistency of breeding is difficult to ensure. Therefore, the energy consumption of ventilation and environmental control has increased sharply, and the pressure on environmental protection has increased sharply.

[0113] Compared with ordinary automated breeding solutions, the black soldier fly segmented breeding system and method is the first black soldier fly high-density breeding technology among all domestic black soldier fly automated breeding equipment that starts from the improvement of breeding process principles and achieves the reduction of breeding containers. It saves 50% of breeding containers compared to ground breeding and more than 25% of breeding containers compared to ordinary three-dimensional breeding. This process fundamentally saves breeding containers and has important theoretical innovation significance. It proposes a new technical route and new solutions for the large-scale, automated and green development of black soldier fly automated breeding.

[0114] (2) Self-supporting stackable breeding box design

[0115] The self-supporting stackable breeding box is a newly designed large-scale SMC composite self-supporting stackable breeding box with low manufacturing cost, long service life, corrosion resistance, and can be stacked independently without relying on shelves. It is suitable for large-scale automated three-dimensional breeding of black soldier flies and suitable for high-speed fully automatic breeding box processing lines.

[0116] The design of self-supporting stackable breeding boxes abandons the traditional model of shelves + breeding boxes, and uses the box body and legs to self-support and stack, eliminating the supporting structure of the shelf system. While saving materials, it also improves the flexibility of placing and stacking breeding boxes in the breeding warehouse, creating favorable conditions for operation and management.

[0117] The breeding box is made of SMC composite material and is molded in one piece. It has the advantages of corrosion resistance, light weight, good price and fast processing. Compared with traditional stainless steel breeding boxes, the weight of SMC molded breeding boxes is basically the same, but the cost is about 30% lower than that of stainless steel breeding boxes, the processing speed is increased by more than 10 times, and the shelf is eliminated. Compared with injection-molded breeding boxes with similar structures, SMC molded breeding boxes are cheaper, have greater rigidity and smoother inner surfaces, and can be processed into flat bottom surfaces and special structures that are suitable for various conveying devices, which improves the compatibility of breeding boxes with automated production lines.

[0118] Breeding containers are the main investment project for large-scale black soldier fly farms. The innovative design of self-supporting stackable breeding boxes provides the black soldier fly breeding industry with the most cost-effective breeding boxes in the current market. Combined with the segmented feeding process, it has excellent economic benefits. Due to the cost advantage of the SMC composite self-supporting breeding box body and the cancellation of the shelf system, the overall investment of the breeding box system is reduced by more than 50% compared with the traditional stainless steel breeding box + steel shelf system.

[0119] (3) Breeding box synchronous linkage high-speed processing line equipment

[0120] In order to maximize the advantages of the segmented black soldier fly breeding system and method in production, the breeding boxes are synchronously linked to the high-speed processing line with a processing speed of 30s to 50s / box. It has the functions of dismantling and stacking breeding boxes, loading and unloading materials, and inoculating insect seedlings, realizing the functions of synchronous processing of three-stage breeding boxes and linked box changing.

[0121] With the cooperation of the ingredient distribution system and the organization of the intelligent control system, the processing line carries out precise distribution and precise management according to the needs of the breeding process, ensuring that the feeding amount, porosity, temperature and humidity are always in a reasonable state, improving the conversion efficiency and ensuring the consistency of commercial insects.

[0122] In addition, the technical solution of the present invention also provides a complete system testing method as follows:

[0123] Select test prototypes, and the average working time before first failure assessment shall not be less than 2 units;

[0124] At least one machine shall be tested for effectiveness, and each shift shall last no less than 8 hours;

[0125] Determine the mean time before first failure (MTTFF),

[0126] The test adopts the timed truncation test method with a test time of 100 hours. The working time before the first failure of each feeding system is measured, and then the average value is calculated. The average working time before the first failure is calculated according to formula (1):

[0127]

[0128] Where: T – total working hours (h);

[0129] n - number of sampling test units;

[0130] r - number of faulty units;

[0131] ti - the accumulated working time when the first feeding system fails for the first time, h;

[0132] t0 - time of the timed truncation test, h;

[0133] Computational validity (reliability in use)

[0134] The cumulative working time of the effective single machine assessment shall not be less than 300 hours. During the test, except for wearing parts, no other parts are allowed to be replaced;

[0135] The effectiveness is calculated according to formula (2):

[0136]

[0137] In the formula: K-effectiveness, %;

[0138] ΣT Z - Pure working time, h;

[0139] ΣT g - Troubleshooting time, h.

[0140] Determination of commercial insect recovery rate

[0141] The feeding system is used to automatically sort the commercial black soldier flies and their excrement after breeding, and the amount of insects sorted by the machine is weighed; the excrement after screening is manually sorted again, and the amount of residual insects that cannot be successfully sorted is weighed to calculate the commercial insect recovery rate. The commercial insect recovery rate is calculated according to formula (3):

[0142]

[0143] Where: R - commercial insect recovery rate;

[0144] m1 - the amount of insects automatically sorted out, kg;

[0145] m2 - the amount of insects remaining in the feces after sorting, kg.

[0146] Terms and Definitions

[0147] 3.1 Urban and rural organic waste

[0148] Urban and rural organic waste includes organic waste in urban and rural areas. Urban organic waste mainly includes kitchen waste generated in urban life, urban sludge and organic waste in domestic waste, while rural organic waste mainly includes livestock and poultry manure, breeding waste, agricultural product processing waste and crop straw generated in the process of rural development and agricultural production.

[0149] 3.2 Black Soldier Fly

[0150] The black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens L.) is a saprophytic insect of the family Solenopsis. It can feed on livestock and poultry manure and domestic garbage to produce high-value animal protein feed. It is utilized as a resource because of its rapid reproduction, large biomass, wide diet, high absorption and conversion rate, easy management, low feeding cost, and good palatability for animals. Its larvae are called "phoenix insects" and have become a resource insect as famous as maggots, mealworms, and barley worms, and have been promoted worldwide.

[0151] 3.3 Intelligent segmented feeding system (i.e., the segmented breeding system for black soldier flies in the technical solution of this patent application document)

[0152] With the goal of improving the utilization rate of breeding space, we adopt segmented feeding and phased breeding technology, and realize multi-system integration of breeding boxes, breeding box processing, ingredient distribution, sorting and environmental control based on advanced information technology and automatic control technology. It is an efficient, fully automatic and intelligent black soldier fly feeding and breeding system with information collection, intelligent decision-making and automatic control of the breeding process.

[0153] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A black soldier fly intelligent breeding system and method, characterized in that: include: A worm handling system, used to receive and place hatched worms for growth within the system for 5 days; The medium-sized insect processing system receives the medium-sized insects in the small insect processing system after being cultured for 5 days, and allows the medium-sized insects to grow in the system for 3 days; the large-sized insect processing system receives the large-sized insects in the medium-sized insect processing system after being cultured for 4 days, and allows the large-sized insects to grow in the system for 4 days; and separates and discharges the insect residues during the culture process in the system; The material distribution system allocates the materials required for each growth stage of the black soldier flies in each treatment system and distributes the materials; the breeding environment control system monitors the environmental values ​​within the system and records and displays them; the environmental values ​​include humidity, temperature, oxygen content, and exhaust gas content indicators; the breeding boxes are replaced between the small insect treatment system, medium insect treatment system, and large insect treatment system to match the living space and material requirements of insects at different growth stages.

2. The black soldier fly segmented breeding system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The small insect processing system, the medium insect processing system, and the large insect processing system are all provided with a turnover unloader, and the turnover unloader performs a dumping and turnover operation on the corresponding breeding boxes.

3. The black soldier fly segmented breeding system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The breeding boxes are of three sizes: small, medium and large, with an area ratio of 1:5:10; the three different sizes of breeding boxes are stored in the small insect processing system, medium insect processing system and large insect processing system respectively.

4. The black soldier fly intelligent breeding system and method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The breeding box adopts a self-supporting stackable design, and the breeding box is supported and stacked by the box body itself and the supporting legs arranged around the bottom of the box body.

5. The black soldier fly segmented breeding system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: The breeding box processing line is composed of three breeding box processing sub-lines of small, medium and large connected in parallel; the three processing sub-lines of small, medium and large are arranged with high and low staggered layers at the connection points, thereby realizing the automatic box replacement process from small insect boxes to medium insect boxes and from medium insect boxes to large insect boxes.

6. The black soldier fly segmented breeding system according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes: a depalletizing and palletizing device for depalletizing and palletizing breeding boxes of different specifications; a data acquisition device for receiving and transmitting the data on the number of breeding boxes entering and leaving the breeding box processing line and the residence time; and an automatic weighing device for weighing breeding boxes at different positions.

7. The black soldier fly segmented breeding system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The area of ​​a single insect breeding box is 0.2m 2 The area of ​​the single box of the worm breeding box is 1m 2 The area of ​​the single box of the large insect breeding box is 2m 2 .

8. A segmented breeding system for black soldier flies according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: Also includes: A power device, which provides the power required for the movement of the breeding box and the operation of other mechanisms; a storage and computing system, which is used to record, store and calculate data information of the entire system; The connection system connects the subsystems, other devices and storage computing systems, and transmits corresponding data information; the information display terminal is used to display in real time the data information obtained by the system through measurement, calculation, reception, etc.; the control terminal is used to receive instructions to open, run, pause, close, and perform other operations on the system; wherein, the control terminal triggers conditions through preset instructions, and automatically controls the system to perform the said opening, running, pausing, and closing operations when the conditions are met.

9. A segmented breeding method for black soldier flies, characterized in that: The steps include: Prepare breeding feed required for the growth of black soldier flies; Define at least one growth stage of black soldier flies; Match the corresponding breeding area to the defined black soldier fly growth stage.

10. The method for culturing black soldier flies in a segmented manner according to claim 9, wherein: The growth stages of the black soldier fly are defined as small, medium and large, wherein the time lengths corresponding to the small, medium and large growth stages are 5 days, 3 days and 4 days respectively; the ratio of the breeding areas corresponding to the defined small, medium and large growth stages of the black soldier fly is 1:5:10.

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