Multi-metal low-grade tin ore beneficiation process

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-metal low-grade tin ore beneficiation process which comprises the following steps: (1) ore grinding, (2) grading, (3) magnetic separation: first middling, second rough concentrate and second middling are combined for wet magnetic separation to obtain magnetic separation tailings and magnetic beneficiation, a flotation agent is added into the magnetic separation tailings, flotation treatment is performed after size mixing, and flotation beneficiation and flotation tailings are obtained; the flotation tailings are subjected to ore grinding after being concentrated and then are returned to the first-section table concentrator for gravity separation; (4) sulphide ore full flotation; and (5) tin concentrate is reselected through the table concentrator, tin concentrate recovery is achieved, the technological process is simple, the working efficiency is greatly improved, and the tin recovery rate is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of ore dressing, and in particular to a polymetallic low-grade tin ore dressing process. Background Art

[0002] my country has rich reserves of mineral resources, of which low-grade polymetallic mineral resources account for a considerable proportion. Due to the lack of efficient processing technology, these resources have not yet been developed and utilized on a large scale, resulting in a large waste of resources. However, in some mining areas in my country, the surface low-grade polymetallic mineral reserves are rich, and the ore contains valuable metals such as tin. The content of various metals in the ore is low, and they are mixed with each other, making the ore difficult to select and difficult to effectively develop and utilize.

[0003] Tin is a metallic element, an inorganic substance. In its ordinary form, white tin is a low-melting-point metal with a silvery-white luster. It is divalent or tetravalent in compounds and will not be oxidized by air at room temperature. In nature, it mainly exists in the form of dioxide (cassiterite) and various sulfides (such as cassiterite). Low-grade tin ore refers to ore with low tin content. At present, gravity separation, flotation, magnetic separation and other methods are mainly used for tin ore beneficiation. Gravity separation is based on the density difference between useful ore and impurities in the ore, through gravity separation, centrifugal separation, screening and other physical methods to separate, the equipment is simple and easy to operate, but the separation effect for fine-grained and complex ores is poor; flotation is to use the different hydrophilicity of ore and flotation agent in water, through bubble adsorption to make ore particles rise to the water surface, to achieve the separation of ore and impurities, can be applied to the separation of fine-grained and complex ores, but its selection and control of flotation agent and reagent are more critical; magnetic separation is to use the magnetic difference between magnetic minerals and non-magnetic minerals in the ore, through magnetic materials to separate magnetic minerals, simple and convenient operation, but the separation effect for non-magnetic minerals is poor. The combination of magnetic separation and flotation can complement each other and obtain better beneficiation effect. Through the combination of the two, the beneficiation efficiency and recovery rate of tin ore can be improved, and better ore separation and resource utilization can be achieved.

[0004] Therefore, a multi-metal low-grade tin ore dressing process is urgently needed to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a polymetallic low-grade tin ore dressing process.

[0006] The scheme of the present invention is:

[0007] A polymetallic low-grade tin ore dressing process comprises the following steps:

[0008] 1) Grinding: crushing and ball-milling low-grade polymetallic ore to 0.074mm to reach more than 70%;

[0009] 2) Classification: the ore is ground and then classified. According to the particle size, it is sent to the first stage of the shaking table for gravity separation to obtain a mixed coarse concentrate, a middling ore and a tailings ore. Then, the tailings from the first stage of the shaking table are concentrated and classified, and then sent to the second stage of the shaking table for gravity separation to obtain a coarse concentrate ore ...

[0010] 3) Magnetic separation: the first middling ore, the second coarse concentrate and the second middling ore are combined for wet magnetic separation to obtain magnetic tailings and magnetic ore. The magnetic tailings are added with flotation agents, slurried and then subjected to flotation treatment to obtain flotation ore and flotation tailings. The flotation tailings are concentrated and then ground, and then returned to a shaking table for re-selection;

[0011] 4) Full flotation of sulfide ore: Combine the mixed coarse concentrate, magnetic separation and flotation ore, add water to adjust the pulp to the pulp concentration, and perform full flotation of sulfide ore. During the flotation operation, adjusters such as sodium sulfide, butyl xanthate, sodium silicate and hydroxypropyl cellulose are added to remove sulfide minerals and oxide minerals from the foam product, and tin metal remains in the remaining materials in the flotation tank.

[0012] 5) The material obtained in step 4) is classified and sent to a three-stage shaking table for gravity separation according to the particle size. After the three-stage shaking table gravity separation, qualified tin concentrate, intermediate ore No. 3 and final tailings are obtained; the intermediate ore No. 3 is directly incorporated into the foam product of step 4) to obtain the final mixed concentrate.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution, the particle size classification is divided into particle size greater than 0.074mm and particle size less than 0.074mm; the ore with particle size greater than 0.074mm is subjected to fine sand shaking table gravity separation, and the ore with particle size less than 0.074mm is subjected to groove shaking table gravity separation.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution, the feed concentration of the first-stage shaking table gravity separation is 20-22%; the feed concentration of the second-stage shaking table gravity separation is 24-28%; the feed concentration of the third-stage shaking table gravity separation is 20-22%; the ore pulp concentration of the sulfide ore full flotation is 20-30%.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution, the feed concentration of the magnetic separation is 28-32%, and the magnetic field strength of the magnetic separation is 1800-2000 Gs.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution, in the step 4), per ton of raw ore, 100-500 g / t of adjusting agent, 80-150 g / t of sodium sulfide, 10-30 g / t of butyl xanthate, 100-500 g / t of sodium silicate, and 50-200 g / t of hydroxypropyl cellulose are used, and the adjusting agent is sulfuric acid.

[0017] As a preferred technical solution, in the step 3), based on each ton of raw ore, the flotation agent contains 20-40 g / t copper sulfate, 10-20 g / t black medicine, 10-30 g / t ethyl dithiocarbamide, 5-50 g / t calcium carbonate, and 200 g / t pine oil.

[0018] Advantages of the present invention:

[0019] The process of the present invention is simple and can efficiently recover concentrate and tin from low-grade polymetallic tin ore.

[0020] The present invention can directly obtain qualified tin concentrate products by combining shaking table gravity separation with magnetic separation, thus simplifying the tin recovery process. The subsequent flotation further improves the recovery rate of each useful metal, and at the same time simplifies the entire mineral processing process, avoiding the loss and waste of each metal.

[0021] The present invention greatly reduces the cost of mineral processing, has little environmental pollution, complies with the national policies of clean production and circular economy, and achieves the goals of energy saving, emission reduction, consumption reduction, and comprehensive utilization of resources. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a process framework diagram of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0024] The following examples are only used to further illustrate the present invention in detail, but do not constitute any limitation to the present invention; the materials used in the following examples, unless otherwise specified, were purchased from conventional chemical reagent companies and raw material suppliers.

[0025] Embodiment 1:

[0026] The ore was selected from a mining area in Yunnan. The raw ore composition of the low-grade metal ore is: tin 0.36%, lead 0.75%, antimony 0.42%, zinc 2.24%, and indium 42.5g / t.

[0027] The following processing process is carried out:

[0028] 1) Grinding: crushing and ball-milling low-grade polymetallic ore to 0.074mm to reach more than 70%;

[0029] 2) Classification: the ore is ground and then classified. According to the particle size, it is sent to the first stage of the shaking table for gravity separation to obtain a mixed coarse concentrate, a middling ore and a tailings ore. Then, the tailings from the first stage of the shaking table are concentrated and classified, and then sent to the second stage of the shaking table for gravity separation to obtain a coarse concentrate ore ...

[0030] 3) Magnetic separation: the first middling ore, the second coarse concentrate and the second middling ore are combined for wet magnetic separation to obtain magnetic tailings and magnetic ore. The magnetic tailings are added with flotation agents, slurried and then subjected to flotation treatment to obtain flotation ore and flotation tailings. The flotation tailings are concentrated and then ground, and then returned to a shaking table for re-selection;

[0031] 4) Full flotation of sulfide ore: Combine the mixed coarse concentrate, magnetic separation and flotation ore, add water to adjust the pulp to the pulp concentration, and perform full flotation of sulfide ore. During the flotation operation, adjusters such as sodium sulfide, butyl xanthate, sodium silicate and hydroxypropyl cellulose are added to remove sulfide minerals and oxide minerals from the foam product, and tin metal remains in the remaining materials in the flotation tank.

[0032] 5) The material obtained in step 4) is classified and sent to a three-stage shaking table for gravity separation according to the particle size. After the three-stage shaking table gravity separation, qualified tin concentrate, intermediate ore No. 3 and final tailings are obtained; the intermediate ore No. 3 is directly incorporated into the foam product of step 4) to obtain the final mixed concentrate.

[0033] The particle size classification is divided into particle size greater than 0.074mm and particle size less than 0.074mm; the ore with particle size greater than 0.074mm is subjected to fine sand shaking table gravity separation, and the ore with particle size less than 0.074mm is subjected to groove shaking table gravity separation.

[0034] The feed concentration of the first-stage shaking table gravity separation is 20%; the feed concentration of the second-stage shaking table gravity separation is 28%; the feed concentration of the third-stage shaking table gravity separation is 20%; the ore pulp concentration of the sulfide ore full flotation is 20%, and the sulfide ore full flotation is one coarse, two fine, and two scavenging.

[0035] The feed concentration of the magnetic separation is 28%, the magnetic field strength is 1800Gs, and the processing capacity is 8t / h.

[0036] In the step 4), per ton of raw ore, 100 g / t of adjusting agent, 80 g / t of sodium sulfide, 10 g / t of butyl xanthate, 100 g / t of sodium silicate, and 50 g / t of hydroxypropyl cellulose are used, and the adjusting agent is sulfuric acid.

[0037] In the step 3), based on per ton of raw ore, the flotation agent contains 20 g / t copper sulfate, 10 g / t black medicine, 10 g / t ethyl thiocyanate, 5 g / t calcium carbonate and 200 g / t pine oil.

[0038] Among them, the recovery rate of tin concentrate is 68.34%, and the recovery rate of total tin is 83.26%.

[0039] Embodiment 2:

[0040] The ore was selected from a mining area in Yunnan. The average ore content was 0.59% tin, 0.98% lead, 0.76% antimony, 80.4g / t silver, 3.96% zinc, and 40.5g / t indium.

[0041] The following processing process is carried out:

[0042] 1) Grinding: crushing and ball-milling low-grade polymetallic ore to 0.074mm to reach more than 70%;

[0043] 2) Classification: the ore is ground and then classified. According to the particle size, it is sent to the first stage of the shaking table for gravity separation to obtain a mixed coarse concentrate, a middling ore and a tailings ore. Then, the tailings from the first stage of the shaking table are concentrated and classified, and then sent to the second stage of the shaking table for gravity separation to obtain a coarse concentrate ore ...

[0044] 3) Magnetic separation: the first middling ore, the second coarse concentrate and the second middling ore are combined for wet magnetic separation to obtain magnetic tailings and magnetic ore. The magnetic tailings are added with flotation agents, slurried and then subjected to flotation treatment to obtain flotation ore and flotation tailings. The flotation tailings are concentrated and then ground, and then returned to a shaking table for re-selection;

[0045] 4) Full flotation of sulfide ore: Combine the mixed coarse concentrate, magnetic separation and flotation ore, add water to adjust the pulp to the pulp concentration, and perform full flotation of sulfide ore. During the flotation operation, adjusters such as sodium sulfide, butyl xanthate, sodium silicate and hydroxypropyl cellulose are added to remove sulfide minerals and oxide minerals from the foam product, and tin metal remains in the remaining materials in the flotation tank.

[0046] 5) The material obtained in step 4) is classified and sent to a three-stage shaking table for gravity separation according to the particle size. After the three-stage shaking table gravity separation, qualified tin concentrate, intermediate ore No. 3 and final tailings are obtained; the intermediate ore No. 3 is directly incorporated into the foam product of step 4) to obtain the final mixed concentrate.

[0047] The particle size classification is divided into particle size greater than 0.074mm and particle size less than 0.074mm; the ore with particle size greater than 0.074mm is subjected to fine sand shaking table gravity separation, and the ore with particle size less than 0.074mm is subjected to groove shaking table gravity separation.

[0048] The feed concentration of the first-stage shaking table gravity separation is 22%; the feed concentration of the second-stage shaking table gravity separation is 26%; the feed concentration of the third-stage shaking table gravity separation is 22%; the ore pulp concentration of the sulfide ore full flotation is 30%, and the sulfide ore full flotation is one coarse, two fine, and two scavenging.

[0049] As a preferred technical solution, the feed concentration of the magnetic separation is 32%, the magnetic field strength of the magnetic separation is 2000Gs, and the processing capacity is 10t / h.

[0050] As a preferred technical solution, in the step 4), per ton of raw ore, 500 g / t of adjusting agent, 150 g / t of sodium sulfide, 30 g / t of butyl xanthate, 500 g / t of sodium silicate, and 200 g / t of hydroxypropyl cellulose are used; the adjusting agent is sulfuric acid.

[0051] In the step 3), based on per ton of raw ore, the flotation agent contains 40 g / t copper sulfate, 20 g / t black medicine, 30 g / t ethyl thiocyanate, 50 g / t calcium carbonate and 200 g / t pine oil.

[0052] Among them, the recovery rate of tin concentrate is 69.52%, and the recovery rate of total tin is 82.97%.

[0053] Embodiment 3:

[0054] The ore was selected from a mining area in Yunnan, and the average ore content was 0.82% tin, 1.94% lead, 2.07% antimony, 1.28% zinc, and 50.4g / t indium.

[0055] The following processing process is carried out:

[0056] 1) Grinding: crushing and ball-milling low-grade polymetallic ore to 0.074mm to reach more than 70%;

[0057] 2) Classification: the ore is ground and then classified. According to the particle size, it is sent to the first stage of the shaking table for gravity separation to obtain a mixed coarse concentrate, a middling ore and a tailings ore. Then, the tailings from the first stage of the shaking table are concentrated and classified, and then sent to the second stage of the shaking table for gravity separation to obtain a coarse concentrate ore ...

[0058] 3) Magnetic separation: the first middling ore, the second coarse concentrate and the second middling ore are combined for wet magnetic separation to obtain magnetic tailings and magnetic ore. The magnetic tailings are added with flotation agents, slurried and then subjected to flotation treatment to obtain flotation ore and flotation tailings. The flotation tailings are concentrated and then ground, and then returned to a shaking table for re-selection;

[0059] 4) Full flotation of sulfide ore: Combine the mixed coarse concentrate, magnetic separation and flotation ore, add water to adjust the pulp to the pulp concentration, and perform full flotation of sulfide ore. During the flotation operation, adjusters such as sodium sulfide, butyl xanthate, sodium silicate and hydroxypropyl cellulose are added to remove sulfide minerals and oxide minerals from the foam product, and tin metal remains in the remaining materials in the flotation tank.

[0060] 5) The material obtained in step 4) is classified and sent to a three-stage shaking table for gravity separation according to the particle size. After the three-stage shaking table gravity separation, qualified tin concentrate, intermediate ore No. 3 and final tailings are obtained; the intermediate ore No. 3 is directly incorporated into the foam product of step 4) to obtain the final mixed concentrate.

[0061] The particle size classification is divided into particle size greater than 0.074mm and particle size less than 0.074mm; the ore with particle size greater than 0.074mm is subjected to fine sand shaking table gravity separation, and the ore with particle size less than 0.074mm is subjected to groove shaking table gravity separation.

[0062] The feed concentration of the first-stage shaking table gravity separation is 21%; the feed concentration of the second-stage shaking table gravity separation is 22%; the feed concentration of the third-stage shaking table gravity separation is 20%; the ore pulp concentration of the sulfide ore full flotation is 25%, and the sulfide ore full flotation is one coarse, two fine, and two scavenging.

[0063] The feed concentration of the magnetic separation is 30%, the magnetic field strength is 1800Gs, and the processing capacity is 9t / h.

[0064] In the step 4), per ton of raw ore, 200 g / t of adjusting agent, 100 g / t of sodium sulfide, 20 g / t of butyl xanthate, 150 g / t of sodium silicate, and 80 g / t of hydroxypropyl cellulose are used; the adjusting agent is sulfuric acid.

[0065] In the step 3), based on per ton of raw ore, the flotation agent contains 30 g / t copper sulfate, 15 g / t black medicine, 15 g / t ethyl thiocyanate, 10 g / t calcium carbonate and 200 g / t pine oil.

[0066] Among them, the recovery rate of tin concentrate is 71.23.52%, and the recovery rate of total tin is 85.43%.

[0067] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A polymetallic low-grade tin ore dressing process, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: 1) Grinding: crushing and ball-milling low-grade polymetallic ore to 0.074mm to reach more than 70%; 2) Classification: the ore is ground and then classified. According to the particle size, it is sent to the first stage of the shaking table for gravity separation to obtain a mixed coarse concentrate, a middling ore and a tailings ore. Then, the tailings from the first stage of the shaking table are concentrated and classified, and then sent to the second stage of the shaking table for gravity separation to obtain a coarse concentrate ore ... 3) Magnetic separation: the first middling ore, the second coarse concentrate and the second middling ore are combined for wet magnetic separation to obtain magnetic tailings and magnetic ore. The magnetic tailings are added with flotation agents, slurried and then subjected to flotation treatment to obtain flotation ore and flotation tailings. The flotation tailings are concentrated and then ground, and then returned to a shaking table for re-selection; 4) Full flotation of sulfide ore: Combine the mixed coarse concentrate, magnetic separation and flotation ore, add water to adjust the pulp to the pulp concentration, and perform full flotation of sulfide ore. During the flotation operation, adjusters such as sodium sulfide, butyl xanthate, sodium silicate and hydroxypropyl cellulose are added to remove sulfide minerals and oxide minerals from the foam product, and tin metal remains in the remaining materials in the flotation tank. 5) The material obtained in step 4) is classified and sent to a three-stage shaking table for gravity separation according to the particle size. After the three-stage shaking table gravity separation, qualified tin concentrate, intermediate ore No. 3 and final tailings are obtained; the intermediate ore No. 3 is directly incorporated into the foam product of step 4) to obtain the final mixed concentrate.

2. A polymetallic low-grade tin ore dressing process as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The particle size classification is divided into particle size greater than 0.074mm and particle size less than 0.074mm; the ore with particle size greater than 0.074mm is subjected to fine sand shaking table gravity separation, and the ore with particle size less than 0.074mm is subjected to groove shaking table gravity separation.

3. A polymetallic low-grade tin ore dressing process as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The feed concentration of the first-stage shaking table gravity separation is 20-22%; the feed concentration of the second-stage shaking table gravity separation is 24-28%; the feed concentration of the third-stage shaking table gravity separation is 20-22%; the ore pulp concentration of the sulfide ore full flotation is 20-30%.

4. A polymetallic low-grade tin ore dressing process as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The feed concentration of the magnetic separation is 28-32%, and the magnetic field strength of the magnetic separation is 1800-2000 Gs.

5. A polymetallic low-grade tin ore dressing process as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 4), per ton of raw ore, 100-500 g / t of adjusting agent, 80-150 g / t of sodium sulfide, 10-30 g / t of butyl xanthate, 100-500 g / t of sodium silicate, and 50-200 g / t of hydroxypropyl cellulose are used, and the adjusting agent is sulfuric acid.

6. A polymetallic low-grade tin ore dressing process as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 3), based on per ton of raw ore, the flotation agent contains 20-40 g / t of copper sulfate, 10-20 g / t of black medicine, 10-30 g / t of ethyl thiocyanate, 5-50 g / t of calcium carbonate and 200 g / t of pine oil.

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