Reamer body and blade separating and recycling method

Abstract

The invention discloses a reamer body and blade separating and recycling method. The reamer body and blade separating and recycling method comprises the following steps that a waste reamer body is placed into an ultrasonic cleaning tank; transferring the cutter body subjected to ultrasonic treatment into an electrochemical treatment tank; transferring the cutter body subjected to electrochemical treatment into heat treatment equipment; after heat treatment, the hard alloy blade is separated from the cutter body; performing surface treatment on the cutter body; embedding a new hard alloy blade into the embedding groove of the cutter body, and precisely welding the new blade by using high-frequency heating or laser welding; and the reassembled reamer is reground, and the accurate size and shape of the reamer are recovered. According to the method, the dissolving effect of a chemical solvent on the welding flux is remarkably accelerated through ultrasonic-assisted chemical treatment by utilizing the cavitation effect of ultrasonic waves, the treatment time is shortened, and the electrochemical treatment method and the heat treatment method also reduce the treatment time by accurately controlling parameters, so that the treatment can be completed within a shorter time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of mechanical processing, in particular to a method for separating and reusing a reamer body and a blade. Background Art

[0002] In the field of mechanical processing, reamer is a commonly used cutting tool, which is widely used in processes such as drilling, reaming and trimming of metal materials. Reamers usually consist of a cutter body and a carbide blade, which is combined with the cutter body by welding or mechanical fixing. As the use time increases, the blade will wear or damage and need to be replaced. The traditional blade replacement method usually involves discarding the entire reamer, which not only wastes resources but also burdens the environment.

[0003] To solve this problem, researchers began to explore methods for separating and reusing the reamer body and blade. These methods aim to effectively separate the worn or damaged blade from the body through physical and chemical treatment, and properly treat the body so that a new blade can be reinstalled. This method can not only extend the service life of the reamer, but also reduce resource waste and environmental pollution.

[0004] For a long time, in order to achieve the purpose of replacing blades and recycling knife bodies, people have used many physical and chemical methods, such as oxygen welding heating method, chromic anhydride chemical dissolution method, etc. Although these methods can separate the knife body from the blade, the knife body is severely deformed or corroded, resulting in the consequence that it cannot be recycled. The soaking liquid used in the prior art is a mixed liquid of concentrated nitric acid and concentrated hydrochloric acid with a volume ratio of (6 to 20): 1. However, since hydrochloric acid is a strong acid, it will have a certain impact on the geometric dimensions of the knife body.

[0005] For example, a method for separating and reusing a reamer body and a blade is disclosed in the authorization announcement number CN103157950B. Although the above method for separating and reusing a reamer body and a blade has many advantages and solves the problem in the prior art that hydrochloric acid is a strong acid and will have a certain impact on the geometric dimensions of the blade body, chemical soaking requires a certain amount of time, usually 3.5 hours to 5.5 hours, which will affect production efficiency, especially when a large amount of processing is required. Summary of the invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a method for separating and reusing a reamer body and a blade, so as to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A method for separating and reusing a reamer body and a blade comprises the following steps:

[0009] Step S1, placing the discarded reamer body into an ultrasonic cleaning tank, adding an appropriate amount of chemical solvent, and utilizing the cavitation effect of ultrasound to accelerate the dissolution of the flux by the chemical solvent;

[0010] Step S2, transferring the ultrasonically treated blade body to an electrochemical treatment tank, using a suitable electrolyte, and adjusting current and voltage parameters to perform electrochemical treatment;

[0011] Step S3, transferring the electrochemically treated blade body to a heat treatment device, and heat treating the blade body by local heating or overall heating to soften or change the properties of the flux;

[0012] Step S4, after the heat treatment, use a tool or device to gently tap or vibrate the cutter body to separate the cemented carbide blade from the cutter body;

[0013] Step S5, performing surface treatment on the blade body, including sandblasting or phosphating, to improve the adhesion of the new blade;

[0014] Step S6, embedding a new carbide blade into the inlay groove of the blade body, and using high-frequency heating or laser welding to accurately weld the new blade;

[0015] Step S7, regrind the reassembled reamer to restore its accurate size and shape.

[0016] In the present invention, in step S1, the chemical solvent is an alkaline or weakly acidic cleaning agent with a concentration of 1-5%.

[0017] In the present invention, in step S2, the electrolyte is a weak acid solution with a concentration of 5-10% and a current density of 0.5-2.0 A / cm 2 , the voltage is 5~20V.

[0018] In the present invention, in step S3, the heating temperature of the heat treatment is 200-400° C., and the heating time is 10-60 minutes.

[0019] In the present invention, in step S5, the pressure of sandblasting is 3 to 7 bar, the temperature of phosphating is 70 to 90° C., and the processing time is 10 to 30 minutes.

[0020] In the present invention, in step S6, the frequency of high-frequency heating is 20-40 kHz, the power is 1-5 kW, the power of laser welding is 100-500 W, and the welding speed is 1-10 mm / s.

[0021] In the present invention, in step S7, the feed rate of regrinding is 0.05-0.2 mm / rev, and the grinding depth is 0.01-0.05 mm.

[0022] In the present invention, in step S1, the ultrasonic frequency in the ultrasonic cleaning tank is 20-40 kHz, and the power is 50-200 W.

[0023] In the present invention, in step S2, the electrolyte temperature in the electrochemical treatment tank is 20-50° C., and the treatment time is 10-60 minutes.

[0024] In the present invention, in step S3, the heating method in the heat treatment equipment is induction heating or resistance heating, and the heating rate is 5-20°C / min.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] 1. The present invention utilizes the cavitation effect of ultrasound through ultrasound-assisted chemical treatment, which significantly accelerates the dissolution of the flux by the chemical solvent and shortens the treatment time. The electrochemical treatment and heat treatment methods also reduce the treatment time by precisely controlling the parameters, and the treatment can be completed in a shorter time.

[0027] 2. The ultrasonic cavitation effect of the present invention can penetrate into tiny gaps to improve the cleaning effect. The electrochemical treatment can form a uniform anti-corrosion layer on the surface of the blade. The heat treatment can improve the mechanical properties and organizational structure of the blade. The combined use of the two can improve the quality and consistency of the treatment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic flow chart of a method for separating and reusing a reamer body and a blade. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] See also Figure 1 , the present invention provides a technical solution:

[0031] A method for separating and reusing a reamer body and a blade comprises the following steps:

[0032] Step S1, placing the discarded reamer body into an ultrasonic cleaning tank, adding an appropriate amount of chemical solvent, and utilizing the cavitation effect of ultrasound to accelerate the dissolution of the flux by the chemical solvent;

[0033] Preferably, the chemical solvent is an alkaline or weakly acidic cleaning agent with a concentration of 1 to 5%.

[0034] Furthermore, the ultrasonic frequency in the ultrasonic cleaning tank is 20-40kHz, and the power is 50-200W.

[0035] In this step, the discarded reamer body is first placed in an ultrasonic cleaning tank, in which a 3% alkaline or weakly acidic cleaning agent is added as a chemical solvent. The frequency of the ultrasonic wave is set to 30kHz, the power is 100W, and the cleaning time is 20 minutes. According to the ultrasonic cleaning efficiency formula:

[0036] Eultrasound=f×P×t

[0037] The cleaning efficiency is calculated as: Eultrasonic = 30 × 100 × 20 = 60,000 dissolution units, indicating that under the set conditions, ultrasonic cleaning can effectively dissolve the flux.

[0038] Specifically, immerse the blade in an ultrasonic cleaning tank containing chemical solvents, start the ultrasonic generator, and use the blasting force of tiny bubbles generated by the cavitation effect to accelerate the dissolution of the solvent into the flux. During the cleaning process, check the cleaning effect regularly and replace the solvent if necessary. After cleaning, use a microscope to check the surface of the blade to ensure that there is no residual flux and dirt. Rinse and dry the blade thoroughly to prepare for subsequent electrochemical treatment.

[0039] Step S2, transferring the ultrasonically treated blade body to an electrochemical treatment tank, using a suitable electrolyte, and adjusting current and voltage parameters to perform electrochemical treatment;

[0040] Preferably, the electrolyte is a weak acid solution with a concentration of 5-10% and a current density of 0.5-2.0 A / cm 2 , the voltage is 5~20V.

[0041] Furthermore, the electrolyte temperature in the electrochemical treatment tank is 20 to 50° C., and the treatment time is 10 to 60 minutes.

[0042] In this step, the ultrasonically cleaned blade is transferred to an electrochemical treatment tank. The electrolyte is a 7% weak acid solution, the current is set to 10A, and the electrode area is 5cm 2 , according to the electrochemical treatment current density formula:

[0043] J=AI

[0044] The calculated current density is: J = 510 = 2A / cm 2 , the electrochemical treatment time was 20 min and the voltage was 10V.

[0045] Specifically, immerse the blade in the electrolyte, connect the power supply, start the electrochemical treatment program, monitor the current, voltage and temperature, and ensure that the treatment parameters are stable within the set range. After the treatment is completed, disconnect the power supply, take out the blade, clean and dry it, use an electrochemical workstation and surface roughness meter to check the electrochemical treatment effect of the blade, conduct a corrosion resistance test on the blade, and verify the corrosion resistance of the treated blade.

[0046] Step S3, transferring the electrochemically treated blade body to a heat treatment device, and heat treating the blade body by local heating or overall heating to soften or change the properties of the flux;

[0047] Preferably, the heating temperature of the heat treatment is 200 to 400° C., and the heating time is 10 to 60 minutes.

[0048] Furthermore, the heating method in the heat treatment equipment is induction heating or resistance heating, and the heating rate is 5 to 20°C / min.

[0049] In this step, the electrochemically treated blade is transferred to the heat treatment equipment with an initial temperature of 25°C, a heating rate of 10°C / min, and a heating time of 30 minutes. According to the heat treatment temperature change formula:

[0050] T(t)=T0+r×t

[0051] The final temperature is calculated to be: T(30)=25+10×30=325°C. After reaching the set temperature, the blade body maintains this temperature for 10 minutes to ensure that the flux is fully softened.

[0052] Specifically, use an induction heating furnace or a resistance heating furnace, set the parameters, place the tool body in the heating device, start the heating program, monitor the temperature changes during the heating process, ensure that the heating rate is stable at 10°C / min, and after heating to the predetermined time, keep the temperature stable so that the tool body reaches the temperature uniformity required for heat treatment. After heat treatment, use a temperature recorder to check the actual temperature and heating curve of the tool body to ensure that they meet the set parameters, and perform hardness testing and metallographic analysis on the tool body to verify the heat treatment effect.

[0053] Step S4, after the heat treatment, use a tool or device to gently tap or vibrate the cutter body to separate the cemented carbide blade from the cutter body;

[0054] In this step, after the heat treatment is completed, the temperature of the tool body and flux has reached the preset 325°C and maintained for 10 minutes. At this time, the flux has been fully softened, and the bonding force between the carbide blade and the tool body is significantly reduced. In order to achieve the separation of the blade and the tool body, the knocking force is controlled by adjusting the weight and knocking speed of the tool to ensure that the force is moderate, which can effectively separate the blade without causing damage to the tool body or the blade. The knocking frequency is set to 1 to 2 times per second to ensure uniform and continuous force. The separated blade and tool body are thoroughly cleaned separately.

[0055] Step S5, performing surface treatment on the blade body, including sandblasting or phosphating, to improve the adhesion of the new blade;

[0056] Preferably, the sandblasting pressure is 3 to 7 bar, the phosphating temperature is 70 to 90° C., and the treatment time is 10 to 30 minutes.

[0057] In this step, the cleaned blade body is surface treated by sandblasting. The sandblasting pressure is set to 5 bar and the treatment time is 15 minutes. According to the surface treatment efficiency formula:

[0058] E sandblasting = P × t

[0059] The sandblasting efficiency was calculated to be: E sandblasting = 5 x 15 = 75 removal units.

[0060] Another implementation method of this step is to use a phosphating treatment tank equipped with a constant temperature control system. The concentration, temperature and treatment time of the phosphating solution are set according to the material of the tool body and the phosphating requirements. The sandblasted tool body is immersed in the phosphating solution and the phosphating reaction is carried out at a constant temperature. After phosphating, the surface is checked to form a uniform phosphating film to ensure corrosion resistance.

[0061] Step S6, embedding a new carbide blade into the inlay groove of the blade body, and using high-frequency heating or laser welding to accurately weld the new blade;

[0062] Preferably, the frequency of high-frequency heating is 20-40 kHz, the power is 1-5 kW, the power of laser welding is 100-500 W, and the welding speed is 1-10 mm / s.

[0063] In this step, the new carbide insert is embedded in the insert groove of the cutter body and welded using laser welding technology. The laser power is 300W and the welding speed is 5mm / s. According to the welding energy formula:

[0064] E welding = P × v

[0065] The welding energy is calculated to be: Eweld = 300 × 5 = 1500 J / mm.

[0066] Specifically, a high-precision laser welding machine is used, equipped with a 300W fiber laser, the laser beam focus is precisely adjusted, argon gas protection is used during welding, and the weld quality is checked after welding, including continuity, uniformity and absence of cracks. If there are defects, repair or re-weld.

[0067] Step S7, regrinding the reassembled reamer to restore its accurate size and shape;

[0068] Preferably, the feed rate of the regrinding is 0.05-0.2 mm / rev, and the grinding depth is 0.01-0.05 mm.

[0069] Specifically, during regrinding, use a high-precision grinder equipped with a diamond grinding wheel and special cooling lubricant, grind according to the set parameters, use high-precision measuring tools to monitor the size and shape in real time, regularly check and replace worn grinding tools, and conduct a comprehensive quality inspection after regrinding, including dimensional accuracy, shape accuracy and surface roughness. If there is any deviation, fine-tune until it meets the standards, and finally clean and rust-proof it.

[0070] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0071] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for separating and reusing a reamer body and a blade, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1, placing the discarded reamer body into an ultrasonic cleaning tank, adding an appropriate amount of chemical solvent, and utilizing the cavitation effect of ultrasound to accelerate the dissolution of the flux by the chemical solvent; Step S2, transferring the ultrasonically treated blade body to an electrochemical treatment tank, using a suitable electrolyte, and adjusting current and voltage parameters to perform electrochemical treatment; Step S3, transferring the electrochemically treated blade body to a heat treatment device, and heat treating the blade body by local heating or overall heating to soften or change the properties of the flux; Step S4, after the heat treatment, use a tool or device to gently tap or vibrate the cutter body to separate the cemented carbide blade from the cutter body; Step S5, performing surface treatment on the blade body, including sandblasting or phosphating, to improve the adhesion of the new blade; Step S6, embedding a new carbide blade into the inlay groove of the blade body, and using high-frequency heating or laser welding to accurately weld the new blade; Step S7, regrind the reassembled reamer to restore its accurate size and shape.

2. A method for separating and reusing a reamer body and a blade according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S1, the chemical solvent is an alkaline or weakly acidic cleaning agent with a concentration of 1-5%.

3. A method for separating and reusing a reamer body and a blade according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the electrolyte is a weak acid solution with a concentration of 5-10% and a current density of 0.5-2.0 A / cm 2 , the voltage is 5~20V.

4. A method for separating and reusing a reamer body and a blade according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S3, the heating temperature of the heat treatment is 200-400° C., and the heating time is 10-60 minutes.

5. A method for separating and reusing a reamer body and a blade according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S5, the sandblasting pressure is 3-7 bar, the phosphating temperature is 70-90° C., and the treatment time is 10-30 minutes.

6. A method for separating and reusing a reamer body and a blade according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S6, the frequency of high-frequency heating is 20-40 kHz, the power is 1-5 kW, the power of laser welding is 100-500 W, and the welding speed is 1-10 mm / s.

7. A method for separating and reusing a reamer body and a blade according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S7, the feed speed of the regrinding is 0.05-0.2 mm / rev, and the grinding depth is 0.01-0.05 mm.

8. A method for separating and reusing a reamer body and a blade according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S1, the ultrasonic frequency in the ultrasonic cleaning tank is 20-40 kHz, and the power is 50-200 W.

9. A method for separating and reusing a reamer body and a blade according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S2, the temperature of the electrolyte in the electrochemical treatment tank is 20 to 50° C., and the treatment time is 10 to 60 minutes.

10. A method for separating and reusing a reamer body and a blade according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S3, the heating method in the heat treatment equipment is induction heating or resistance heating, and the heating rate is 5-20°C / min.

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