Matrix core raw material production method using wood processing waste

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for producing a matrix core raw material by utilizing wood processing waste, and aims to provide an environment-friendly and efficient turf substitute. The method comprises the following steps: selecting bark particles, sawdust and wood fibers generated in a wood processing process as raw materials; the raw materials are mixed according to a certain proportion to form a mixture with large, medium and small fiber sizes; the carbon nitrogen ratio is adjusted by adding urea or livestock and poultry manure, and the mixture is subjected to stacking fermentation and aging treatment; and finally, compressing the treated mixture into blocks. The method has the beneficial effects that the core raw material of the produced matrix has moderate granularity and a reasonable large and small porosity ratio, and good water-retaining property and air permeability can be guaranteed; the fertilizer has high organic matter content and moderate nutritional ingredients, and is suitable for cultivation of various plants; the defect that the existing imported wood fiber compressed block can be used only by using professional starting equipment is overcome; and the resource utilization efficiency of the wood processing industry is improved, and remarkable economic and environmental benefits are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of agriculture, and in particular to a method for producing a matrix core raw material by utilizing wood processing waste. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of agriculture and horticulture, the demand for high-quality cultivation substrates is increasing. Traditional substrate materials such as peat are widely used for seedling cultivation and cultivation of various plants due to their excellent water retention and aeration properties. However, peat is a non-renewable resource, and its over-exploitation has not only caused great damage to the environment, but also brought about serious resource shortage problems. Therefore, finding alternative materials to peat has become an important issue in the current agricultural and horticultural fields.

[0003] A large amount of waste generated during wood processing, such as bark particles, sawdust and wood fiber fibers, is usually treated as low-value fuel or waste, which not only wastes resources but also brings potential environmental pollution. Although these wood wastes are rich in organic matter and have the potential to become high-quality cultivation substrates, their direct use in cultivation has certain limitations due to their complex fiber structure, uneven particle size, and the fact that untreated wood waste is prone to produce harmful chemicals. In addition, fiber particles that are too small are difficult to disassemble after compression, which can easily lead to poor air permeability and water retention of the substrate when used. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a method for producing a matrix core raw material using wood processing waste.

[0005] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A method for producing a matrix core raw material using wood processing waste of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0007] S1: bark particles, coarse sawdust and wood fiber strands generated during wood processing are selected as raw materials; bark particles, coarse sawdust and wood fiber strands are usually regarded as useless materials as waste during wood processing, but in this method, they are selected as core raw materials. Bark particles are by-products produced by rotary cutting during wood processing, coarse sawdust is loose wood particles with a particle size greater than 2 mm produced during wood processing, and wood fiber strands are long and thin fibers separated during wood cutting or milling. By selecting these materials, this method not only effectively utilizes wood processing waste, but also provides a variety of fiber sizes for the matrix material, which helps to improve the structure and function of the final product.

[0008] S2: The bark particles, coarse sawdust and wood fiber filaments are mixed in a predetermined proportion to form a mixture containing three different fiber sizes: small, medium and large; the mixing ratio is 1-2:1-2:3-5; when mixing bark particles, coarse sawdust and wood fiber filaments, they are proportioned according to the above ratio according to different fiber sizes. This ratio ensures a reasonable distribution of fibers in the final product, which can provide sufficient strength and porosity during subsequent fermentation and compression. The combination of large, medium and small fibers makes the structure of the mixture more stable, while meeting the requirements of different application scenarios, such as good air permeability and appropriate water retention.

[0009] In the production process of matrix core raw materials, fiber size has a significant impact on the performance of the final product. Fibers that are too small tend to be tightly combined after being compressed into blocks, forming a dense and high-density block. This densified fiber block will have the following problems during use:

[0010] Difficult to disassemble: Since the fiber particles are too small, the gaps between these tiny fibers are greatly compressed during the compression process, resulting in an increase in the bonding force between the fibers, making the compressed block very strong. This situation makes it difficult to disassemble or completely disintegrate the product during use, affecting its application effect as a cultivation medium.

[0011] Decreased aeration and water retention: The compressed dense structure will limit the free flow of air and water in the matrix, thereby weakening the aeration and water retention of the matrix. This situation is not conducive to the healthy growth of plant roots, and may cause root hypoxia or excessive water accumulation, ultimately affecting the overall growth performance of the plant.

[0012] Reduced ease of use: Fiber clumps that are difficult to disassemble require additional processing before use, such as re-crushing or loosening, which not only increases the complexity and cost of the use process, but may also affect the uniformity and overall performance of the matrix, reducing its practical value as an agricultural and horticultural material.

[0013] In view of the above problems, the present invention cleverly solves the problem that the overly fine fibers are difficult to disassemble after being compressed by designing fibers of three different sizes, large, medium and small, during the raw material mixing process. The specific solutions and advantages are as follows:

[0014] Multi-layer fiber structure: The three different sizes of fibers used in the present invention - bark particles (smaller size), coarse sawdust (medium size) and wood fiber strands (larger size) - can fill each other during compression to form a multi-layer structure. This structure not only makes the bonding force between the fibers moderate, but also can maintain a certain degree of looseness after compression, avoiding the phenomenon of over-densification.

[0015] Enhanced air permeability and water retention: Due to the reasonable combination of fibers of different sizes, the product still retains a certain porosity after being compressed into blocks, which allows air and water to flow freely in the matrix, ensuring the air permeability and water retention of the product. This design greatly improves the effect of the matrix in practical applications and provides a more ideal environment for the healthy growth of plant roots.

[0016] Easy to disassemble and use: This multi-fiber size design makes it easier to disassemble or decompose the compressed block when using it, without the need for additional processing steps. This not only improves the convenience of using the substrate, but also ensures its uniformity and stability as a cultivation substrate, making the product more suitable for large-scale agricultural and horticultural applications.

[0017] Structural stability and durability: Due to the reasonable size of the fibers, the matrix can maintain its structural stability during use and is not easily decomposed into too fine powder or too loose. This feature extends the service life of the matrix, reduces the frequency of matrix replacement, and improves overall economic benefits.

[0018] In summary, overly fine fibers tend to form a dense and difficult-to-disassemble structure after being compressed into blocks, which reduces the practicality and effectiveness of the matrix. The present invention successfully avoids this problem by designing a raw material mixture containing three different fiber sizes: large, medium, and small. The multi-layered fiber structure not only ensures the easy disassembly and ease of use of the product, but also maintains excellent air permeability and water retention, improving the overall performance of the matrix. This innovative design not only solves the technical problem of fine fibers being difficult to handle, but also provides a more efficient and environmentally friendly matrix material for modern agriculture and horticulture.

[0019] S3: The mixture is piled up for fermentation, and the fermentation process lasts for 30-60 days, during which the pile is turned 2-3 times every 7 days; During the fermentation process, the mixture is piled up, and the fermentation process lasts for 30-60 days, and the pile is turned 2-3 times every 7 days. The purpose of fermentation is to decompose the organic matter in the mixture through the action of microorganisms to generate nutrients that are more suitable for plant growth. The turning process ensures sufficient oxygen supply and avoids corruption under anaerobic conditions. In addition, proper fermentation temperature and humidity control are essential for maintaining microbial activity, which directly affects the quality of the final product.

[0020] S4: After fermentation, the mixture is aged for 25-45 days, during which the pile is turned 2-3 times every 7 days; after fermentation, the mixture enters the aging stage, which lasts for 25-45 days. The aging treatment further stabilizes the physical and chemical properties of the mixture, making it less likely to decompose or release harmful substances during use. Turning the pile remains a key operation in this process, which helps maintain the uniformity and air permeability of the mixture, thereby ensuring that the final product can be stored and used stably for a long time after being compressed into blocks.

[0021] S5: The fermented and aged mixture is compressed into blocks, and the compressed product will not be unable to be dispersed or difficult to be dispersed during use. Finally, the fermented and aged mixture is compressed into blocks. This step not only saves storage space, but also makes the product more convenient during transportation and use. The compressed product has a certain mechanical strength and will not be unable to be dispersed or difficult to be dispersed during use, which is attributed to the design of different fiber sizes and the uniformity and stability of the mixture in the previous processing. At the same time, the compression process also improves its water and fertilizer retention properties by increasing the density of the material.

[0022] Furthermore, the bark particles are bark particles obtained by rotary cutting during the processing of wood rods, or by crushing large pieces of bark that have been peeled. Bark particles are a byproduct of rotary cutting during the processing of wood rods. This process usually produces bark particles with relatively uniform particle sizes. If it is a large piece of bark, it can also be processed into the desired particle form by a crushing device. These particles are not only widely available, but also have a good fiber structure, which is very suitable for use in matrix production. By screening and removing debris and dust, the purity and quality of the particles can be further improved.

[0023] Furthermore, the bark particles are screened before use to remove debris and dust, and the screening step includes grading the bark particles through a vibrating screen. During the screening process, the bark particles are preliminarily screened through a vibrating screen, and the aperture of the vibrating screen is less than 1 mm to ensure the uniformity of the particle size. This process ensures the quality of the bark particles, so that they can be better integrated with other raw materials in subsequent processes.

[0024] Furthermore, the above-mentioned wood fiber filaments include waste materials that have been processed after cutting or milling during the wood processing process, and the above-mentioned processing is to use a double-helix grinding and separating machine to process the waste materials to obtain wood fiber filaments. Wood fiber filaments are obtained by processing wood processing waste through a double-helix grinding and separating machine. The length of the fiber filaments after preliminary treatment is 15-25 mm. In order to further refine the fiber structure, these fiber filaments will be processed by secondary grinding equipment to uniformly reduce the fiber length to 3-20 mm. Finally, the overlong or overshort fibers are removed by an air separator to ensure that the obtained wood fiber filaments meet the process requirements.

[0025] Furthermore, urea is sprayed at a ratio of 1-2 kg per ton of the mixture during the fermentation process to increase the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the mixture. During the fermentation process, urea is sprayed at a ratio of 1-2 kg per ton of the mixture to increase the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the mixture to a range of 10-30. This operation can accelerate the decomposition of organic matter by microorganisms, make the fermentation process more efficient, and increase the fertilizer effect of the final product. This measure has a positive effect on improving the quality and function of the fermentation product.

[0026] Furthermore, cow dung or cow urine or a mixture of cow dung and cow urine is added to the mixture before being compressed into blocks to further increase the organic matter content and structural stability of the product. If necessary, other livestock and poultry manure can be used as a substitute with the same effect.

[0027] Furthermore, the coarse sawdust is loose wood particles with a particle size greater than 2 mm generated during wood processing.

[0028] Furthermore, the coarse sawdust is hammered before mixing, the steps comprising: feeding the coarse sawdust into a hammering machine, hammering it with a heavy hammer at a frequency of 150-200 times per minute until the particle size of the coarse sawdust reaches 2-5 mm, and further controlling the uniformity of the size of the coarse sawdust by a screen arranged in the hammering machine.

[0029] Furthermore, the processing steps of the above-mentioned wood fiber filaments include: first, the wood processing waste is preliminarily processed by a double-helix grinding and separating machine to separate wood fiber filaments with a length of 15-25 mm, and then the preliminarily treated wood fiber filaments are sent to a secondary grinding device for refinement treatment to uniformly reduce the fiber length to 3-20 mm, and finally, the overlong or overshort fibers are removed through an air separator to ensure that the length of the obtained wood fiber filaments is within the above-mentioned range.

[0030] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0031] High resource utilization rate: The present invention makes full use of the waste generated during wood processing and converts it into the core raw material of the matrix, which not only effectively reduces the accumulation and processing costs of waste, but also realizes the recycling of resources. Through reasonable process design, waste can be converted into the cultivation matrix urgently needed in agriculture and horticulture, promoting the development of the wood processing industry in a green and environmentally friendly direction.

[0032] Excellent physical and chemical properties: Through the processing of a mixture of different fiber sizes in a predetermined proportion, the produced matrix core raw material has good water retention, air permeability and structural stability, which is suitable for the cultivation needs of a variety of plants. In addition, the product has been fermented and aged, with a high organic matter content, providing sufficient nutrient support for plant growth.

[0033] Substitute for peat: The matrix core raw material of the present invention has excellent physical properties while also having the renewability and environmental protection that peat does not have. As a substitute for peat, it not only alleviates the shortage of peat resources, but also reduces damage to the environment, meeting the requirements of sustainable development.

[0034] Strong production flexibility: The method described in the present invention can utilize existing wood processing equipment, and wood processing enterprises can directly transform to produce the matrix core raw materials of the present invention when the production is unsaturated. This flexible production method provides a new industrial direction for the wood processing industry and generates significant economic benefits.

[0035] Avoiding the problem of fine fibers being difficult to disassemble: The mixture of three different fiber sizes designed by the present invention is easy to disassemble after being compressed into blocks, overcoming the defect that too fine fibers are difficult to use after being compressed, and ensuring the operability and applicability of the product in practical applications.

[0036] In summary, the present invention provides an efficient and environmentally friendly method for producing matrix core raw materials, provides a reliable peat substitute for the agricultural and horticultural fields, and opens up a new path for the sustainable development of the wood processing industry. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments:

[0038] Embodiment: A method for producing a matrix core raw material using wood processing waste comprises the following steps:

[0039] S1: bark particles, coarse sawdust and wood fiber strands generated during wood processing are selected as raw materials; bark particles, coarse sawdust and wood fiber strands are usually regarded as useless materials as waste during wood processing, but in this method, they are selected as core raw materials. Bark particles are by-products produced by rotary cutting during wood processing, coarse sawdust is loose wood particles with a particle size greater than 2 mm produced during wood processing, and wood fiber strands are long and thin fibers separated during wood cutting or milling. By selecting these materials, this method not only effectively utilizes wood processing waste, but also provides a variety of fiber sizes for the matrix material, which helps to improve the structure and function of the final product.

[0040] S2: The bark particles, coarse sawdust and wood fiber filaments are mixed in a predetermined proportion to form a mixture containing three different fiber sizes: large, medium and small; the mixing ratio is 1-2:1-2:3-5; when mixing bark particles, coarse sawdust and wood fiber filaments, they are proportioned according to the above proportions according to different fiber sizes. This ratio ensures a reasonable distribution of fibers in the final product, which can provide sufficient strength and porosity during subsequent fermentation and compression. The combination of small, medium and large fibers makes the structure of the mixture more stable, while meeting the requirements of different application scenarios, such as good air permeability and appropriate water retention.

[0041] In the production process of matrix core raw materials, fiber size has a significant impact on the performance of the final product. Fibers that are too small tend to be tightly combined after being compressed into blocks, forming a dense and high-density block. This densified fiber block will have the following problems during use:

[0042] Difficult to disassemble: Since the fiber particles are too small, the gaps between these tiny fibers are greatly compressed during the compression process, resulting in an increase in the bonding force between the fibers, making the compressed block very strong. This situation makes it difficult to disassemble or completely disintegrate the product during use, affecting its application effect as a cultivation medium.

[0043] Decreased aeration and water retention: The compressed dense structure will limit the free flow of air and water in the matrix, thereby weakening the aeration and water retention of the matrix. This situation is not conducive to the healthy growth of plant roots, and may cause root hypoxia or excessive water accumulation, ultimately affecting the overall growth performance of the plant.

[0044] Reduced ease of use: Fiber clumps that are difficult to disassemble require additional processing before use, such as re-crushing or loosening, which not only increases the complexity and cost of the use process, but may also affect the uniformity and overall performance of the matrix, reducing its practical value as an agricultural and horticultural material.

[0045] In view of the above problems, the present invention cleverly solves the problem that the overly fine fibers are difficult to disassemble after being compressed by designing fibers of three different sizes, large, medium and small, during the raw material mixing process. The specific solutions and advantages are as follows:

[0046] Multi-layer fiber structure: The three different sizes of fibers used in the present invention - bark particles (smaller size), coarse sawdust (medium size) and wood fiber strands (larger size) - can fill each other during compression to form a multi-layer structure. This structure not only makes the bonding force between the fibers moderate, but also can maintain a certain degree of looseness after compression, avoiding the phenomenon of over-densification.

[0047] Enhanced air permeability and water retention: Due to the reasonable combination of fibers of different sizes, the product still retains a certain porosity after being compressed into blocks, which allows air and water to flow freely in the matrix, ensuring the air permeability and water retention of the product. This design greatly improves the effect of the matrix in practical applications and provides a more ideal environment for the healthy growth of plant roots.

[0048] Easy to disassemble and use: This multi-fiber size design makes it easier to disassemble or decompose the compressed block when using it, without the need for additional processing steps. This not only improves the convenience of using the substrate, but also ensures its uniformity and stability as a cultivation substrate, making the product more suitable for large-scale agricultural and horticultural applications.

[0049] Structural stability and durability: Due to the reasonable size of the fibers, the matrix can maintain its structural stability during use and is not easily decomposed into too fine powder or too loose. This feature extends the service life of the matrix, reduces the frequency of matrix replacement, and improves overall economic benefits.

[0050] In summary, overly fine fibers tend to form a dense and difficult-to-disassemble structure after being compressed into blocks, which reduces the practicality and effectiveness of the matrix. The present invention successfully avoids this problem by designing a raw material mixture containing three different fiber sizes: large, medium, and small. The multi-layered fiber structure not only ensures the easy disassembly and ease of use of the product, but also maintains excellent air permeability and water retention, improving the overall performance of the matrix. This innovative design not only solves the technical problem of fine fibers being difficult to handle, but also provides a more efficient and environmentally friendly matrix material for modern agriculture and horticulture.

[0051] S3: The mixture is piled up for fermentation, and the fermentation process lasts for 30-60 days, during which the pile is turned 2-3 times every 7 days; During the fermentation process, the mixture is piled up, and the fermentation process lasts for 30-60 days, and the pile is turned 2-3 times every 7 days. The purpose of fermentation is to decompose the organic matter in the mixture through the action of microorganisms to generate nutrients that are more suitable for plant growth. The turning process ensures sufficient oxygen supply and avoids corruption under anaerobic conditions. In addition, proper fermentation temperature and humidity control are essential for maintaining microbial activity, which directly affects the quality of the final product.

[0052] S4: After fermentation, the mixture is aged for 25-45 days, during which the pile is turned 2-3 times every 7 days; after fermentation, the mixture enters the aging stage, which lasts for 25-45 days. The aging treatment further stabilizes the physical and chemical properties of the mixture, making it less likely to decompose or release harmful substances during use. Turning the pile remains a key operation in this process, which helps maintain the uniformity and air permeability of the mixture, thereby ensuring that the final product can be stored and used stably for a long time after being compressed into blocks.

[0053] S5: The fermented and aged mixture is compressed into blocks, and the compressed product will not be unable to be dispersed or difficult to be dispersed during use. Finally, the fermented and aged mixture is compressed into blocks. This step not only saves storage space, but also makes the product more convenient during transportation and use. The compressed product has a certain mechanical strength and will not be unable to be dispersed or difficult to be dispersed during use, which is attributed to the design of different fiber sizes and the uniformity and stability of the mixture in the previous processing. At the same time, the compression process also improves its water and fertilizer retention properties by increasing the density of the material.

[0054] In the production process of matrix core raw materials, compression into blocks is the last key step, which is not only related to the appearance and physical properties of the product, but also directly affects its convenience during use, storage stability and transportation costs. The following is a detailed introduction to the compression process:

[0055] 1. The purpose of compression into blocks:

[0056] The main purpose of compacting is to compress the loose mixture after fermentation and aging into a dense block material. The advantages of this process include:

[0057] Easy to store: After being compressed into blocks, the product volume is smaller, saving storage space.

[0058] Easy to transport: Blocked matrix materials are easy to stack, which reduces transportation costs and is not easy to scatter or break during transportation.

[0059] Easy to use: Block products are easy to disintegrate during use and can quickly return to their original loose form, making them convenient for agricultural or horticultural use.

[0060] Improve physical strength: The compression process can increase the density of the product, making it more mechanically strong and preventing it from breaking or deforming during storage and handling.

[0061] 2. Preparation before compression:

[0062] Before compression, the fermented and aged mixture needs to be prepared as follows to ensure a smooth compression process:

[0063] Moisture content control: The moisture content of the fermented and aged mixture must be controlled before compression. Generally speaking, the optimal moisture content is 20-30%, which can ensure the compactness of the compressed block and ensure that the product is easy to disperse during use. Too high a moisture content will cause the compressed block to become loose and unstable, while too low a moisture content may result in insufficient strength of the compressed block.

[0064] Screening and stirring: Before compression, the mixture needs to be screened twice to remove the remaining oversized particles or debris to ensure the uniformity of the final block. At the same time, the mixture is fully stirred before compression to ensure that the fiber, particles and nutrients are evenly distributed.

[0065] 3. Compression equipment and process parameters

[0066] Compression into briquettes usually requires the use of specialized compression equipment, such as a hydraulic briquetting machine or a screw compressor. The following are the main process parameters involved in the compression process:

[0067] Compression pressure: Compression pressure is an important parameter in the block forming process, which is generally controlled at around 15-20MPa. Appropriate pressure can ensure that the fibers and particles in the mixture are tightly combined to form a block with a stable structure.

[0068] Compression mold: Compression molds of different specifications will affect the shape and size of the final product. Common mold sizes are 20x20x10 cm or larger, and the specific size can be adjusted according to the product purpose.

[0069] Compression time: Compression time is usually controlled between 30 seconds and 1 minute to ensure that the air in the mixture is completely expelled and the fibers and particles form a compact block structure under high pressure.

[0070] 4. Specific operations of compression into blocks

[0071] During the compression process, the mixture is fed into the compressor by a conveying device or manually. Then:

[0072] Loading: Fill the pre-treated mixture into the mold of the compressor, ensuring uniform loading to avoid uneven lumps due to insufficient or excessive loading.

[0073] Pre-compression: Before the formal compression, a slight pre-compression is performed to expel some of the air in the mixture. This step can make the final compression more uniform.

[0074] Primary compression: The mixture is compressed into a block by applying high pressure. During this process, the fibers and particles in the mixture are tightly compressed to form a compressed block with a certain strength and density. The control of pressure and time is crucial. Too low pressure may cause the block to become loose, while too high pressure may destroy the fiber structure in the mixture.

[0075] Finished product ejection: After the compression into blocks is completed, the ejection device of the compressor pushes the compressed blocks out of the mold to ensure that the integrity of the block product is not affected.

[0076] 5. Quality control of compressed blocks

[0077] The compressed block products need to be strictly quality controlled to ensure that they meet the intended use requirements. The key indicators of quality control include:

[0078] Block density: The density after compression should be 0.8-1.2g / cm 3 To ensure that the product can return to a loose state when used and has good water retention and air permeability.

[0079] Mechanical strength: The compressed blocks should have a certain compressive strength and will not break or deform during transportation and stacking.

[0080] Uniformity: The uniformity of blocks is an important indicator of product quality. The fibers and particles inside the blocks must be evenly distributed to avoid local looseness or excessive compaction.

[0081] 6. Features of compressed products

[0082] The compressed products have the following characteristics:

[0083] Good dispersibility: When in use, the block product can quickly absorb water and return to a loose state, and the compression process will not affect its air permeability and water retention in application.

[0084] High storage stability: Due to its compact internal structure, the compressed block can maintain its shape for a long time, reducing the impact of the external environment on its quality.

[0085] Easy to carry and use: Block products are easy to transport and stack, and users can take them in batches according to their needs, which improves the flexibility of use.

[0086] Through the above detailed compression and block forming steps, the matrix core raw material produced not only has good physical strength, but also has excellent water retention, air permeability and nutrient content, which can meet the needs of various agricultural and horticultural applications.

[0087] The bark particles are obtained by rotary cutting during the processing of wood rods, or by crushing large pieces of bark after the bark has been peeled. Bark particles are a byproduct of rotary cutting during the processing of wood rods. This process usually produces bark particles with relatively uniform particle size. If it is a large piece of bark, it can also be processed into the desired particle form by crushing equipment. These particles are not only widely available, but also have a good fiber structure, which is very suitable for use in matrix production. The purity and quality of the particles can be further improved by screening to remove debris and dust.

[0088] The bark particles are screened before use to remove debris and dust. The screening process includes grading the bark particles through a vibrating screen. During the screening process, the bark particles are initially screened through a vibrating screen with an aperture of less than 1 mm to ensure uniform particle size. This process ensures the quality of the bark particles so that they can be better integrated with other raw materials in subsequent processes.

[0089] The above-mentioned wood fiber filaments include the waste materials that have been processed after cutting or milling during the wood processing process, such as the shaft puller (sometimes also called a broaching machine or a rotary cutting shaft puller), which is a device used to process round wood rods into boards or wood with a specific shape. Its working principle is similar to planing. It usually uses a tool to gradually remove layers of material on the surface of the wood by rotating or linearly moving the wood to finally obtain the desired shape of wood. The waste generated by this equipment is often long and thin wood fibers, not sawdust, which is consistent with the characteristics of the long and thin fibers you described. The shaft puller is often used to perform one-time processing on round wood or wooden rods, remove surface materials, and process them into boards, square materials or strips with specific shapes. The waste generated by the shaft puller is mainly in the form of long and thin fibers, which is related to the characteristics of the planing process.

[0090] The above treatment is to use a double-helix grinding and separating machine to process the waste to obtain wood fiber filaments. Wood fiber filaments are obtained by processing wood processing waste through a double-helix grinding and separating machine. The length of the fiber filaments after preliminary treatment is 15-25 mm. In order to further refine the fiber structure, these fiber filaments will be processed by secondary grinding equipment to reduce the fiber length to 3-20 mm. Finally, the air separator removes the overlong or short fibers to ensure that the obtained wood fiber filaments meet the process requirements.

[0091] During the fermentation process, urea is sprayed at a rate of 1-2 kg per ton of the mixture to increase the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the mixture. During the fermentation process, urea is sprayed at a rate of 1-2 kg per ton of the mixture to increase the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the mixture. This operation can accelerate the decomposition of organic matter by microorganisms, make the fermentation process more efficient, and increase the fertilizer effect of the final product. This measure has a positive effect on improving the quality and function of the fermentation product.

[0092] Cow dung or cow urine or a mixture of cow dung and cow urine is added to the above mixture before being compressed into blocks to further increase the organic matter content and structural stability of the product. If necessary, other livestock and poultry manure can be used as a substitute with the same effect.

[0093] Furthermore, the above-mentioned coarse sawdust is loose wood particles with a particle size greater than 2 mm generated during the wood processing process. For example, a flush saw is a special equipment used for log processing, and its main function is to cut the ends of the wood (also called end cutting or flush cutting). It is often used in the preliminary processing stage of the wood processing industry. By neatly cutting the ends of the wood to remove irregular parts, the size of the wood is ensured to be consistent, which is convenient for subsequent processing or application. Flushing saws are widely used in furniture manufacturing, construction wood processing and the production process of other wood products.

[0094] When a butt saw is used to cut logs, a lot of sawdust will be produced. Butt saws are usually used for rough processing. Because the cutting direction of butt saws is perpendicular to the arrangement of wood fibers, the stress generated by cutting is large, and wood fibers are not easily refined, so the sawdust particles produced are generally coarse, usually between 2-5 mm.

[0095] Furthermore, the coarse sawdust is hammered before mixing, the steps comprising: feeding the coarse sawdust into a hammering machine, hammering it with a heavy hammer at a frequency of 150-200 times per minute until the particle size of the coarse sawdust reaches 2-5 mm, and further controlling the uniformity of the size of the coarse sawdust by a screen arranged in the hammering machine.

[0096] The processing steps of the above-mentioned wood fiber filaments include: first, the wood processing waste is preliminarily processed through a double-helix grinding and separating machine to separate wood fiber filaments with a length of 15-25 mm, and then the preliminarily treated wood fiber filaments are sent to a secondary grinding device for refinement treatment to uniformly reduce the fiber length to 3-20 mm, and finally, the overlong or overshort fibers are removed through an air separator to ensure that the length of the obtained wood fiber filaments is within the above-mentioned range.

[0097] The matrix core raw material produced according to the present invention has the characteristics of stable structure, uniform fiber and rich organic matter, and can be directly disassembled and used as the core raw material of the matrix. This core raw material can play a key role in various agricultural and horticultural applications, and its main advantages are reflected in the following aspects:

[0098] Advantages of fiber structure: Since the core material of the matrix is ​​a mixture of bark particles, coarse sawdust and wood fiber filaments in a specific proportion, this multi-layered fiber structure gives the material excellent air permeability and water retention. The disassembled material can provide a good growth environment for plant roots and promote root respiration and absorption.

[0099] Organic matter content: The core raw material of the matrix in the present invention accumulates a large amount of organic matter during the fermentation and aging process, which can effectively increase the organic matter content of the soil, improve the soil structure, and enhance the soil fertility, thereby providing continuous nutritional support for plant growth.

[0100] Environmental protection and sustainability: The production process of this core raw material uses wood processing waste and natural fermentation technology, without the addition of chemical ingredients, which meets the needs of modern agriculture for environmentally friendly materials. At the same time, the disassembly and use method can effectively reduce dependence on non-renewable resources and has a high degree of sustainability.

[0101] Peat replacement: Peat is a traditional cultivation substrate. Although it has good water retention and air permeability, its mining has caused serious damage to the environment. In contrast, the substrate core raw material of the present invention can completely replace peat. Its fiber structure and organic matter content make it have similar or even better performance in terms of water retention, air permeability and nutritional support. At the same time, due to the renewability and environmental protection of the substrate core raw material, this alternative is particularly important and urgent.

[0102] As a renewable resource, the utilization of wood processing waste not only reduces the environmental burden of waste, but also provides a sustainable material option for agriculture and horticulture. Compared with peat, the matrix core raw material is not inferior in water retention, air permeability and nutritional content, and even performs better in some application scenarios. For example, the matrix core raw material can still maintain a stable structure after long-term use and is not easy to decompose into powder, thereby extending the service life of the matrix. Due to the limited resources of peat and the high transportation costs, the production and use costs of the matrix core raw material are lower, and its wide application prospects provide companies with additional market opportunities.

[0103] In addition to being used as a cultivation substrate in agriculture and horticulture, this raw material can also be used in greening projects, landscape gardening, ecological restoration and other fields, showing a wide range of application prospects. Its excellent physical and chemical properties enable it to provide stable support under various soil conditions.

[0104] At the same time, the matrix core material can also be used for direct cultivation. During direct cultivation, the matrix core material can be used directly without further processing, which greatly simplifies the cultivation process and improves agricultural production efficiency. This simplicity is particularly suitable for large-scale planting and horticultural projects, which can reduce manpower and time costs. Since the matrix core material has good water retention and air permeability, plants can obtain sufficient water and air supply when growing on it, promoting healthy growth. In addition, it is rich in organic matter and nutrients, providing plants with a continuous source of nutrition and reducing dependence on chemical fertilizers.

[0105] In summary, the matrix core raw material produced according to the present invention has a wide range of application prospects. Whether it is used as a substitute for peat or directly as a cultivation matrix, it has shown excellent performance and economic benefits. Its environmental protection, renewability and excellent plant support ability make it an indispensable and important material in the field of modern agriculture and horticulture. This multifunctional matrix core raw material not only helps to promote the development of green agriculture, but also brings new industrial opportunities to the wood processing industry and improves the overall economic benefits.

[0106] Regarding the economic benefits generated by the present invention, the present invention firstly takes into full consideration the existing equipment and process flow of the wood processing industry, and can directly use these equipment to produce the core raw materials of the matrix. Specifically: the existing rotary cutting equipment and crushing equipment have been widely used in the wood processing industry to process byproducts such as wood waste and bark. By slightly adjusting these equipment or directly using them, the bark can be processed into a granular raw material suitable for the production of the matrix.

[0107] The wood processing industry usually generates a large amount of sawdust. The application of the present invention not only avoids the waste of sawdust, but also increases the added value of the sawdust.

[0108] The double-helix grinding and dividing machine is a commonly used device in wood processing, which can process coarse wood waste into fiber strands. The use of this device can not only efficiently process waste, but also produce wood fiber strands that meet the requirements of the invention.

[0109] The efficient use of these existing equipment not only simplifies the production process of the core raw materials of the matrix, but also reduces the investment cost of new equipment, making it easy for wood processing companies to enter this emerging field.

[0110] The products of the traditional wood processing industry are mainly wood, boards and their derivatives, with low added value and fierce market competition. With the enhancement of sustainable development and environmental awareness, traditional industries are facing the pressure of transformation and upgrading. The present invention provides a new industrial direction, which can achieve efficient utilization of resources and increase corporate revenue by utilizing waste generated during wood processing to produce matrix core raw materials.

[0111] By processing waste into matrix core raw materials, wood processing companies can expand their product lines and enter the fields of agriculture, horticulture, etc. As a new type of environmentally friendly matrix material, matrix core raw materials are in great demand in modern agriculture, especially in emerging fields such as soilless cultivation and ecological agriculture, and have broad market prospects.

[0112] The application of this invention is in line with the concept of green development. It reduces environmental pollution through waste recycling, enhances the social responsibility of enterprises, and improves their competitiveness in the market.

[0113] The production and sales of matrix core raw materials can help companies break away from the price competition of traditional wood products and enter a market with greater profit margins.

[0114] The wood processing industry has a production cyclical problem, that is, in certain seasons or when market demand is low, equipment utilization will decrease and the production capacity of the enterprise cannot be fully utilized. The invention provides a flexible transformation solution for wood processing enterprises when operations are not saturated.

[0115] When the market demand for traditional wood products decreases, companies can quickly adjust their production lines to produce matrix core raw materials using existing equipment. This strategy not only improves equipment utilization, but also reduces the fixed cost burden caused by idle equipment.

[0116] Wood processing companies can flexibly switch production content according to market demand, so as to better cope with market fluctuations and improve the company's risk resistance. For example, when the market demand for traditional wood products is weak, companies can shift their focus to the production of core matrix raw materials and obtain new sources of income.

[0117] Through this flexible production model, enterprises can more reasonably allocate labor, raw materials and equipment resources, improve overall production efficiency and economic benefits. Since there is no need for a large amount of new equipment investment, the capital expenditure of enterprises will be greatly reduced. At the same time, the use of waste materials to produce matrix raw materials makes the raw material cost almost zero, thus further reducing production costs.

[0118] As a product with high added value, the market price of matrix core raw materials is relatively high. Wood processing companies can increase the profit margin of each unit product by producing this product. By expanding the market for matrix core raw materials, companies can open up new sources of income and increase overall profits. By engaging in the production of matrix core raw materials, companies can expand their business to related fields such as agriculture and horticulture, extend the industrial chain, and increase market coverage and customer groups.

[0119] In summary, the present invention can not only efficiently utilize existing wood processing equipment and reduce production costs, but also provide a new industrial direction for the wood processing industry, with broad market prospects. At the same time, enterprises can flexibly transform and produce matrix core raw materials under the conditions of market demand fluctuations and unsaturated operations, further improving equipment utilization and enterprise risk resistance. This industrial upgrading and transformation strategy based on existing equipment can not only bring significant economic benefits, but also conform to the trend of the times of green development and sustainable use of resources today.

[0120] The steps of production according to the present invention are as follows:

[0121] 1. Raw material selection and pretreatment

[0122] Raw materials: For a certain wood processing plant, the bark particles, coarse sawdust and wood fiber fibers produced daily are selected as raw materials. These raw materials are originally waste, but after proper treatment, they can be converted into efficient matrix raw materials.

[0123] Bark particle processing: Bark particles come from the rotary cutting process of wood rod processing, and the particle sizes vary. Before use, they are first screened by a vibrating screen with a 4-6 mm aperture, and then the fine particles and light debris are removed by wind separation equipment to ensure that the size of the bark particles is within the range of 3-6 mm.

[0124] Coarse sawdust processing: The coarse sawdust is hammered to make it uniform in size. The specific steps are to feed the coarse sawdust into a hammering machine and use a heavy hammer to hammer at a frequency of 150-200 times per minute until the particle size of the coarse sawdust reaches 2-5 mm. The uniformity of the size of the coarse sawdust is further controlled by a screen set in the hammering machine.

[0125] Wood fiber processing: Wood fiber comes from the waste in the wood processing process. These wastes are first processed by a double-helix grinding and separating machine to separate wood fiber strands with a length of 15-25 mm, and then sent to a secondary grinding device for refinement, so that the fiber length is uniformly reduced to 3-20 mm, and finally the overlong or overshort fibers are removed by an air separator.

[0126] 2. Raw material mixing

[0127] The screened bark particles, hammered coarse sawdust and refined wood fiber strands are mixed in a ratio of 1:1:3 to form a mixture of three different fiber sizes: small, medium and large. This mixing ratio ensures that the final compressed product has good air permeability, water retention and structural stability.

[0128] 3. Fermentation and aging

[0129] Fermentation process: The mixture is piled and fermented for 35 days. During the fermentation period, the pile is turned twice every 7 days to ensure uniform fermentation. Urea is sprayed at a rate of 1.8 kg per ton of the mixture to increase the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the mixture and promote the degradation and conversion of organic matter.

[0130] Aging process: After fermentation, the mixture enters the aging stage, which also lasts for 35 days. During the aging period, the pile is turned twice every 7 days. The purpose of aging is to further stabilize the fermented mixture, reduce possible residual harmful substances, and ensure the safety and effectiveness of the final product.

[0131] 4. Compress into blocks

[0132] The aged mixture is compressed into blocks to ensure that the final product will not be difficult to disassemble or difficult to disassemble during use. Because the mixture contains fibers of different sizes, the compressed blocks maintain stability while still having moderate looseness, which is convenient for disassembly or disassembly during use.

[0133] 5. Use of finished products

[0134] Peat substitute: The compressed matrix core raw material can be directly disassembled and used to replace traditional peat. As the core material of the cultivation matrix, it has excellent water retention, air permeability and structural stability.

[0135] Direct cultivation use: In addition, the finished product can be used directly without additional treatment and can be used as a plant cultivation substrate for the growth of various agricultural and horticultural crops.

[0136] 6.Production benefit analysis

[0137] Through the method of the present invention, the wood processing plant not only effectively utilizes waste and reduces environmental pollution, but also produces matrix core raw materials with high market value. These raw materials can be supplied to the agricultural and horticultural industries as a substitute for peat or directly used in cultivation substrates, helping to achieve resource recycling and environmental protection. At the same time, since the production process is compatible with existing wood processing equipment, the factory can flexibly transform and produce matrix core raw materials when the operation is not saturated, thereby expanding the business scope, improving economic benefits, and increasing the competitiveness and market share of the enterprise. This not only provides a new industrial direction for the wood processing industry, but also effectively improves the profitability of enterprises by creating value-added products.

[0138] Through observation and testing, the matrix core raw material produced according to the present invention has excellent physical and chemical properties, specifically including the following aspects:

[0139] 1. Physical properties

[0140] Particle size: The finished particles have a mixed characteristic of various fiber sizes, with a moderate ratio of large particles, medium particles and small particles, and the particle size range is mainly concentrated between 1-12 mm, with a reasonable porosity. This multi-size fiber structure makes the finished product have good air permeability and water retention, which is suitable for the cultivation needs of different crops.

[0141] Looseness: Although the product is compacted, it still maintains a moderate looseness due to the different fiber sizes. In this way, the finished product can be easily disassembled into granules in actual use, so as to adapt to the needs of different planting environments and avoid the problem of restricted root breathing due to over-density.

[0142] Structural stability: The finished block can maintain good structural stability during long-term use and is not easy to disintegrate or pulverize. This is due to the reasonable combination of different fiber sizes and sufficient fermentation and aging treatment, which achieves an ideal balance between physical bonding and biodegradation between fibers.

[0143] 2. Chemical properties

[0144] Organic matter content: After fermentation and aging, the organic matter content in the finished product is relatively high, reaching about 40%-60%. High organic matter content helps improve soil structure, enhance soil water retention capacity and sustained nutrient release, which is very beneficial to plant growth.

[0145] pH value: The pH value of the treated matrix core material is generally between 6.0 and 7.5, which is neutral or slightly acidic. This pH range is suitable for the growth requirements of most crops, especially for crops that are sensitive to acidic soil.

[0146] Conductivity (EC value): The conductivity of the finished product is generally controlled between 1.0-2.5mS / cm, which is a moderate level. This conductivity range ensures that there will not be excessive salt accumulation in the substrate, thereby avoiding damage to the plant roots, while providing sufficient mineral nutrition.

[0147] 3. Moisture retention capacity

[0148] Water retention: Since the product contains fiber particles of various sizes, the finished product has excellent water retention capacity and can absorb and retain a large amount of water, thereby reducing the frequency of irrigation and providing a continuous supply of water. Typically, the water retention rate of this type of product can reach 60%-80%.

[0149] Drainage: Although it has high water retention, the finished product will not accumulate water or cause root waterlogging, because the combination of fibers of various sizes enables it to retain water while still maintaining good drainage performance, which is suitable for the healthy growth of the roots of various plants.

[0150] 4. Breathability

[0151] Air permeability: The finished product structure contains an appropriate amount of gaps, which ensures the free circulation of air in the matrix, thus providing sufficient oxygen for the breathing of plant roots. This good air permeability effectively prevents root rot and is particularly suitable for the cultivation of plants with well-developed root systems.

[0152] In summary, the core raw material of the matrix has been scientifically proportioned and strictly processed to retain the excellent properties of natural organic matter. Its excellent physical and chemical properties make it have a wide range of application prospects in the fields of agriculture and horticulture. It can replace peat as an environmentally friendly and efficient core raw material of the matrix, which not only improves the physical and chemical properties of the soil, but also promotes the healthy growth of plants.

[0153] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for producing a matrix core raw material using wood processing waste, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Select bark particles, coarse sawdust and wood fiber strands produced during wood processing as raw materials; The bark particles, coarse sawdust and wood fiber strands are mixed in a predetermined ratio to form a mixture of three different fiber sizes: small, medium and large; the mixing ratio is 1-2:1-2:3-5; The mixture is subjected to pile fermentation, the fermentation process lasts for 30-60 days, and the pile is turned 2-3 times every 7 days; After the fermentation is completed, the mixture is aged for 25-45 days, during which the pile is turned 2-3 times every 7 days; The fermented and aged mixture is compressed into blocks, and the compressed product will not be unable to be dispersed or difficult to be dispersed during use.

2. The method for producing a matrix core raw material using wood processing waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bark particles are bark particles obtained by rotary cutting during the processing of wood rods, or obtained by crushing large pieces of bark after peeling; the particle size of the bark particles is less than 1 mm.

3. The method for producing a matrix core material using wood processing waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bark particles are screened before use to remove debris and dust, and the screening step includes grading the bark particles through a vibrating screen.

4. The method for producing a matrix core material using wood processing waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coarse sawdust is loose wood particles with a particle size greater than 2 mm generated during wood processing.

5. The method for producing a matrix core material using wood processing waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wood fiber filaments include processed waste materials after cutting or milling during wood processing, and the processing is to use a double-helix grinding and dividing machine to process the waste materials to obtain wood fiber filaments; the size of the wood fiber filaments is 3-20 mm.

6. The method for producing a matrix core material using wood processing waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the fermentation process, urea is sprayed at a ratio of 1-2 kg per ton of the mixture to increase the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the mixture.

7. The method for producing a matrix core material using wood processing waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mixture is added with livestock and poultry manure before being compressed into blocks to further increase the organic matter content and structural stability of the product; the livestock and poultry manure includes cow manure or cow urine or a mixture of cow manure and cow urine.

8. The method for producing a matrix core material using wood processing waste according to claim 4, characterized in that: The coarse sawdust is provided with a pounding treatment step before mixing, comprising: feeding the coarse sawdust into a pounding machine, using a heavy hammer to hammer at a frequency of 150-200 times per minute until the particle size of the coarse sawdust reaches 2-5 mm, and further controlling the uniformity of the size of the coarse sawdust through a screen arranged in the pounding machine.

9. The method for producing a matrix core material using wood processing waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The processing steps of the wood fiber filaments include: firstly, the wood processing waste is preliminarily processed through a double-helix grinding and separating machine to separate the wood fiber filaments. If the size of the wood fiber filaments is between 3-20 mm, the next step is directly carried out. If not, the preliminarily treated wood fiber filaments are sent to a secondary grinding device for refinement treatment to unify the fiber length to 3-20 mm; finally, the overlong or overshort fibers are removed through an air separator to ensure that the length of the obtained wood fiber filaments is within the range.