Design method of long-distance laser battery assembly array for space

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for designing a long-distance laser battery assembly array for space, which comprises the following steps of: arranging an annular laser battery array on a plane where a hybrid laser battery array is located, and filling laser battery monomers with different sizes in the annular laser battery array to complete the layout of the hybrid laser battery array; a substrate used for pasting the hybrid laser battery array is designed, the substrate comprises a heat dissipation substrate and a PCB substrate which are oppositely connected, and the heat dissipation substrate is provided with an air-cooled or water-cooled heat dissipation structure; according to the designed hybrid laser battery array layout, trace point punching sites are arranged on a heat dissipation substrate and a PCB substrate, circuit series-parallel connection design is conducted on the back face of the PCB substrate, and a battery electrode lead penetrates through the back face of the substrate to be welded; selecting a protective cover plate and pasting the protective cover plate on the front surface of the laser battery monomer; and then the laser battery monomers are attached to the heat dissipation substrate. Through the series-parallel connection optimization design of the laser battery assembly, the series-parallel connection loss is reduced, the heat accumulation of the assembly is reduced, and the efficiency of laser energy compensation is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a method for designing a long-distance laser battery assembly array for space, and belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic batteries. Background Art

[0002] Laser batteries occupy an important position in laser wireless energy transmission and are the key components of laser wireless energy transmission systems, which seriously restrict the overall efficiency of laser wireless energy transmission systems. Compared with traditional cable power and solar cell systems, laser batteries have good laser monochromaticity and high energy density, can achieve higher photoelectric conversion efficiency, and have the advantages of being unaffected by high voltage, strong magnetic fields and weather, and having small mass. They have broad potential value and application prospects in communication power, JSGF, industrial production, medical technology, energy transformation, etc.

[0003] Laser wireless energy transmission technology based on laser batteries as energy receiving and conversion devices has broken away from the constraints of traditional energy lines, has flexible applications, and has long transmission distances. It can meet the stealth and mobility requirements of satellites, and has been applied in the fields of lunar bases, aerial powering of drones, and emergency powering of information equipment, and has great value. Conventional solar cell arrays are large in area and heavy in weight, which will make it difficult to meet the overall needs of satellites. It is urgent to establish an effective space energy station to obtain energy support with the help of laser battery arrays.

[0004] The area and output power of laser battery cells are relatively small, so they need to be combined in a certain way to form laser battery modules to increase power output. At present, the series-parallel design of laser battery arrays has problems such as large current loss, high internal heat of components, low component conversion efficiency, and easy short circuit of components, which causes great problems for the thermal control, system efficiency and reliability of laser battery components prepared later. In addition, during the process of laser energy transmission of near-space drones, space satellites face a short window period for laser energy replenishment, and need to quickly capture laser battery components and efficiently complete the task of laser power replenishment. Therefore, it is urgent to carry out the series-parallel optimization design of laser battery components, reduce series-parallel losses, reduce component heat accumulation, and improve the efficiency of laser energy replenishment to meet the needs of fast and efficient energy replenishment of near-space unmanned aerial vehicles. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem solved by the present invention is: to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, to provide a method for designing a long-distance laser battery assembly array for space, to reduce heat accumulation in the laser battery assembly, to improve the efficiency of laser energy replenishment, to quickly capture the laser battery assembly and to complete laser power replenishment efficiently.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is: a method for designing a long-distance laser battery assembly array for space, comprising:

[0007] A ring area is defined on the plane where the hybrid laser battery array is located. Each ring area is a ring laser battery array. Laser battery monomers of different sizes are filled in the ring laser battery array. Each ring laser battery array leads to a positive electrode and a negative electrode to complete the layout of the hybrid laser battery array.

[0008] A substrate designed for attaching a hybrid laser battery array, the substrate comprising a heat dissipation substrate and a PCB substrate connected relatively to each other, the front side of the heat dissipation substrate being used for attaching laser battery monomers, the back side being a heat dissipation surface, on which a heat dissipation structure is arranged; the heat dissipation surface of the heat dissipation substrate is directly opposite to the front side of the PCB substrate, and a gap is left between the heat dissipation substrate and the PCB substrate;

[0009] According to the designed hybrid laser battery array layout, the punching sites of each laser battery cell are set on the heat dissipation substrate and the PCB substrate and punched; a circuit series-parallel design is made on the back of the PCB substrate, and the electrode leads of the laser battery cell are passed through the punched holes to the back of the PCB substrate for welding;

[0010] Select a suitable protective cover sheet and stick it on the front of the laser battery cell; then stick each laser battery cell on the heat dissipation substrate according to the designed hybrid laser battery array layout.

[0011] Preferably, the heat dissipation structure on the heat dissipation substrate is heat dissipation fins integrally formed on the back of the heat dissipation substrate, and a fan is added at the edge of the heat dissipation fins to form a passive heat dissipation structure combining heat dissipation fins and air cooling, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the entire heat dissipation substrate.

[0012] Preferably, the PCB substrate is fixed on the heat dissipation fins, and when fixed, the positions of the electrode punching holes of the PCB substrate and the heat dissipation substrate are all centrally aligned.

[0013] Preferably, the heat dissipation structure on the heat dissipation substrate is a heat dissipation substrate with multiple flow channels to form a water-cooled heat dissipation structure; wherein each flow channel avoids the punching site, and by regulating the water flow rate in the flow channel, the heat of the laser battery can be quickly and efficiently discharged in time.

[0014] Preferably, when laser battery cells of different sizes are filled in the annular laser battery array, the size of the laser battery cells gradually decreases from the center to the edge of the array.

[0015] Preferably, the connection method of the laser battery cells in each annular laser battery array is:

[0016] Each annular laser battery array is divided into four quadrants, the laser battery cells distributed in each quadrant of the ring are connected in parallel, and then the four parallel battery groups in the four quadrants of the same ring are connected in series.

[0017] Preferably, the material of the heat dissipation substrate is an aluminum plate, a copper plate or a ceramic plate.

[0018] Preferably, when applying the protective cover sheet to the front side of the laser battery cell, firstly, a transparent cover sheet adhesive is applied to the front side of the laser battery cell, and then a glass cover sheet is applied to the cover sheet adhesive, and then left to cure after application.

[0019] Preferably, when each laser battery cell is attached to the heat dissipation substrate, a thermal conductive adhesive is applied to the back of the laser battery cell to form a heat dissipation adhesive layer, which is then attached to the heat dissipation substrate and allowed to stand and solidify after attachment.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0021] (1) The present invention sets up an annular area, connects the laser battery monomers in each quadrant in parallel, and connects the four parallel battery groups in the four quadrants in the same annular area in series, thereby optimizing the battery array layout, reducing the impact of uneven light spots on the output performance of laser batteries during the rapid energy replenishment of satellites, reducing series-parallel losses, reducing heat accumulation and other problems, improving the thermal control capability of the system, and improving the system efficiency and reliability;

[0022] (2) The present invention adopts a hybrid and annular structure laser battery assembly layout design to improve the distribution rate of the entire assembly, reduce the impact of uneven light spots on the output current and voltage of laser battery cells, improve heat dissipation efficiency, reduce the thermal effect of laser batteries, and increase the output current and voltage of the entire laser battery assembly, thereby improving the conversion efficiency of the laser battery assembly, laying a technical foundation for rapid and efficient energy replenishment of space satellites, and improving the efficiency of laser energy replenishment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 A flow chart of a method for designing a space long-distance laser battery assembly array according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the electrical interconnection structure of the hybrid laser battery assembly of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the laser battery assembly of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the water cooling and heat dissipation structure of the laser battery assembly substrate of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the mechanical structure of the laser battery assembly of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the perforation positions of the laser battery assembly substrate of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7This is a diagram of the electrical interconnection structure of the hybrid laser cell assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure ID:

[0031] Glass cover 10 , cover glue 20 , laser battery cell 30 , heat dissipation adhesive layer 40 , heat dissipation substrate 50 , punching site 60 , PCB substrate 70 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for designing a long-distance laser battery module array for space, which can be applied to the design process of photovoltaic battery modules for near-space laser wireless energy replenishment. In view of the problems existing in the application of the above-mentioned laser battery modules in circuits, thermal control, reliability, etc., it is necessary to carry out the battery cell array mode and mechanical structure design of the laser battery module according to the module output index requirements, and use thermal simulation to analyze the internal temperature distribution, thermal stress distribution, etc. of the module to optimize the module layout and mechanical structure.

[0033] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] It should be noted that all directional indications in the embodiments of the present invention (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a photovoltaic cell assembly design technology for space laser wireless energy transmission, carries out battery cell array mode and mechanical structure design for laser cell assembly, optimizes battery array layout and mechanical structure of laser cell assembly, and the aforementioned battery assembly design technology based on application in space laser wireless energy transmission includes:

[0036] Electrical design. It mainly adopts a hybrid laser battery array layout, combined with laser battery cells of different sizes and specifications for series-parallel design. Several annular areas are delineated on the plane where the hybrid laser battery array is located. Each annular area is a ring-shaped laser battery array. Laser battery cells are filled in the annular area. Each annular area is divided into four quadrants. The laser battery cells distributed in each quadrant of the ring are connected in parallel respectively, and then the four parallel battery groups in the four quadrants of the same ring are connected in series. Each annular area leads to a positive electrode and a negative electrode, such as Figure 2 shown.

[0037] The annular laser battery array is arranged as a mixed fabric of laser battery cells of different sizes, and the size of the laser battery cells gradually decreases from the center of the array to the edge. The center of the annular laser battery array uses a larger-sized laser battery cell fabric, and the edge of the annular laser battery array uses a smaller-sized laser battery cell fabric to improve the fabric rate. In some embodiments, the size of the laser battery cell adopts a mixed fabric of 1cm×1cm, 2cm×2cm, and 3cm×4cm batteries, and the diameter of the annular laser battery array is 5cm-100cm.

[0038] Design of perforated structure for laser cell module substrate.

[0039] First, a substrate for attaching a hybrid laser battery array is designed: the substrate includes a heat dissipation substrate 50 and a PCB substrate 70, and the heat dissipation substrate material 50 is designed to be an aluminum plate, a copper plate or a ceramic plate; the upper surface of the heat dissipation substrate 50 is used to attach the laser battery monomer, and this surface is defined as the front side of the heat dissipation substrate, and the other side is the heat dissipation surface (defined as the back side), on which a heat dissipation structure is arranged; the heat dissipation surface of the heat dissipation substrate 50 faces the PCB substrate 70, and the PCB substrate 70 is fixed to the heat dissipation substrate 50 by bolts, and a gap is left between the heat dissipation substrate 50 and the PCB substrate 70; the opposite side of the heat dissipation surface of the PCB substrate and the heat dissipation surface of the heat dissipation substrate 50 is defined as the front side of the PCB substrate, and the other side is the back side.

[0040] According to the designed hybrid laser battery array layout, each annular laser battery array is placed on the substrate, and the electrode size of each battery cell is determined; to facilitate the lead wiring of the battery assembly, according to the electrode position of each laser battery cell of the hybrid laser battery array, a punching site 60 is set on the heat dissipation substrate 50 and the PCB substrate 70 and holes are punched for the single cell battery electrode lead to pass through the punched holes.

[0041] Mechanical structure design of hybrid laser battery assembly. The mechanical structure of the laser battery assembly includes, from top to bottom, a cover sheet 10, a cover sheet adhesive 20, a laser battery cell 30, a thermal conductive adhesive 40, and a substrate, namely, a heat dissipation substrate 50 and a PCB substrate 70.

[0042] The typical mechanical structure diagram of the laser assembly is as follows: Figure 5 Specifically, firstly, a transparent cover glue 20 is applied on the front of the laser battery monomer, and then the glass cover 10 is attached to the cover glue 20; a thermal conductive glue is applied to the back of the laser battery monomer 30 to form a heat dissipation adhesive layer 40, and it is attached to the heat dissipation substrate 50; a circuit series-parallel design is made on the back of the PCB substrate 70, and the battery electrode leads are passed through the punched holes to the back of the PCB substrate to realize the circuit structure described in step 1, as shown in FIG. Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the circuit structure designed in step 1 is soldered on the surface of the PCB board to complete the SMT process design technology of all single laser cells.

[0043] Heat dissipation structure design of heat dissipation substrate 50 of laser battery assembly. The present invention provides a passive heat dissipation structure combining aluminum substrate fins and air cooling, by designing a certain number and width of fins on the back of the heat dissipation substrate 50 to increase the heat conduction area, wherein the number of fins ranges from 10 to 20 and the width ranges from 3 cm to 100 cm; and adding a fan at the edge of the fin, combined with the air cooling design to improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the entire heat dissipation substrate 50, such as Figure 3 shown.

[0044] In addition, the present invention also provides a water-cooling heat dissipation structure design technology, the laser battery assembly adopts a water-cooling heat dissipation design diagram, such as Figure 4 As shown, according to the punching site 60 of the laser battery assembly, the punching site 60 is avoided and a heat dissipation substrate 50 with multiple flow channels is designed. By regulating the flow rate of water in the flow channels, the heat of the laser battery can be quickly and efficiently discharged in time.

[0045] Example 1

[0046] Combined with Figure 7 This embodiment provides a photovoltaic cell assembly design technology for near-space laser wireless energy replenishment, including the following:

[0047] S1, divide the laser battery assembly into three annular areas through the hybrid laser battery assembly, design the corresponding circular assembly for the laser circular spot, and use the method of more parallel and less series to design the electrical interconnection of each single chip in the assembly. Each annular area is divided into four quadrants, and the battery cells distributed in each quadrant of the ring are connected in parallel respectively, and then the four-quadrant parallel battery groups in the same ring are connected in series to lead out the positive and negative electrodes. Since the battery single chip is a rectangular structure, it is difficult to strictly distinguish it according to the ring belt structure, and it is planned to use a square frame instead of a circular ring. Figure 7 As shown, the blue frame is ring belt 1, which is equally divided into 4 quadrants. There are 12 batteries in each quadrant, with a power of 36W and a voltage of 3V. After being connected in series, the ring belt can output a voltage of 12V. It mainly uses 32 1cm×1cm laser batteries, 4 2cm×2cm batteries, and 116 3cm×4cm batteries developed by the company, with an overall light-receiving area of ​​1440cm2. The design value of the single-chip spacing is still based on the conventional solar cell module, which is about 1mm, to improve the layout coefficient while ensuring reliability.

[0048] S2, choose aluminum plate as the material for the heat dissipation substrate; connect the heat dissipation substrate and the PCB substrate by bolting to complete the substrate design; the perforation structure of the laser battery module substrate is mainly based on the battery electrode position designed in S1 above. The heat dissipation substrate and the PCB substrate are punched at the corresponding positions. The size of the punched holes is 1mm wide and 6mm long. The heat dissipation substrate and the PCB substrate should be uniformly punched and designed at the locations where all battery electrodes are located, and the perforation process should be completed. The mechanical structure of the laser battery module first completes the welding of all battery electrodes. The length of the welding strip is determined according to the overall thickness of the heat dissipation substrate and the PCB board. The length of the electrode welding strip in this implementation case is 6cm.

[0049] S3, then the glass cover is applied, and after being placed for 24 hours, the laser battery monomer is attached to the surface of the perforated heat dissipation substrate using thermal conductive silicone, and left to cure for 24 hours.

[0050] S4, the heat dissipation structure of the laser battery module substrate mainly adopts passive air cooling and the overall aluminum plate is insulated. The thickness is 5cm and the diameter is 30cm. Two fans are placed on one side of the heat dissipation fins to discharge the heat generated by the heat dissipation fins into the air in time to reduce the overall temperature of the laser battery module.

[0051] The above description is a specific implementation method and implementation case of the present invention. This laser battery assembly design method can not only adapt well to the rapid energy replenishment in the short energy replenishment window period in the near space, but also effectively solve the problem of heat dissipation of the assembly caused by uneven light intensity, reduce current loss, and improve the conversion efficiency and reliability of the entire system. By optimizing the series-parallel design of the battery assembly, the series-parallel loss is reduced, laying a theoretical foundation for the subsequent production of laser battery assemblies.

[0052] The above is only the technical idea and specific implementation of the present application. Those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention also intends to apply for protection including these modifications and variations.

[0053] The contents not described in detail in the specification of the present invention belong to the prior art known to the professional and technical personnel in this field.

Claims

1. A method for designing a long-distance laser battery assembly array for space, characterized in that include: A ring area is defined on the plane where the hybrid laser battery array is located. Each ring area is a ring laser battery array. Laser battery monomers of different sizes are filled in the ring laser battery array. Each ring laser battery array leads to a positive electrode and a negative electrode to complete the layout of the hybrid laser battery array. A substrate designed for attaching a hybrid laser battery array, the substrate comprising a heat dissipation substrate and a PCB substrate connected relatively to each other, the front side of the heat dissipation substrate being used for attaching laser battery monomers, the back side being a heat dissipation surface, on which a heat dissipation structure is arranged; the heat dissipation surface of the heat dissipation substrate is directly opposite to the front side of the PCB substrate, and a gap is left between the heat dissipation substrate and the PCB substrate; According to the designed hybrid laser battery array layout, the punching sites of each laser battery cell are set on the heat dissipation substrate and the PCB substrate and the holes are punched; Design the circuit series and parallel on the back of the PCB substrate, and pass the laser battery monomer electrode leads through the punched holes to the back of the PCB substrate for welding; Select a suitable protective cover sheet and stick it on the front of the laser battery cell; then stick each laser battery cell on the heat dissipation substrate according to the designed hybrid laser battery array layout.

2. A method for designing a space long-distance laser battery assembly array according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat dissipation structure on the heat dissipation substrate is a heat dissipation fin integrally formed on the back of the heat dissipation substrate, and a fan is added at the edge of the heat dissipation fin to form a passive heat dissipation structure combining heat dissipation fins and air cooling, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the entire heat dissipation substrate.

3. A method for designing a space long-distance laser battery assembly array according to claim 2, characterized in that: The PCB substrate is fixed on the heat dissipation fins, and when fixed, the positions of the electrode punching holes of the PCB substrate and the heat dissipation substrate are all centrally aligned.

4. A method for designing a space long-distance laser battery assembly array according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat dissipation structure on the heat dissipation substrate is a heat dissipation substrate with multiple flow channels, forming a water-cooled heat dissipation structure; wherein each flow channel avoids the punching site, and by regulating the water flow rate in the flow channel, the heat of the laser battery can be discharged in a timely and efficient manner quickly and efficiently.

5. The method for designing a space long-distance laser battery assembly array according to claim 1, characterized in that: When laser battery cells of different sizes are filled in a ring-shaped laser battery array, the size of the laser battery cells gradually decreases from the center to the edge of the array.

6. A method for designing a space long-distance laser battery assembly array according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connection method of the laser battery monomers in each ring laser battery array is: Each annular laser battery array is divided into four quadrants, the laser battery cells distributed in each quadrant of the ring are connected in parallel, and then the four parallel battery groups in the four quadrants of the same ring are connected in series.

7. The method for designing a space long-distance laser battery assembly array according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the heat dissipation substrate is selected from aluminum plate, copper plate or ceramic plate.

8. The method for designing a space long-distance laser battery assembly array according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the protective cover sheet is attached to the front side of the laser battery cell, firstly, a transparent cover sheet adhesive is applied on the front side of the laser battery cell, and then a glass cover sheet is attached to the cover sheet adhesive, and then left to cure after attachment.

9. The method for designing a space long-distance laser battery assembly array according to claim 1, characterized in that: When each laser battery cell is attached to the heat dissipation substrate, a thermal conductive adhesive is applied to the back of the laser battery cell to form a heat dissipation adhesive layer, which is then attached to the heat dissipation substrate and allowed to stand and solidify after attachment.

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