Three-sleeve millichannel reactor

Abstract

The invention discloses a three-sleeve millichannel reactor which comprises a reaction unit, a reaction liquid supply unit and a constant-temperature liquid supply unit, the reaction unit comprises a first pipe body, a second pipe body and a third pipe body which are sequentially sleeved from inside to outside; the outer wall of the first pipe body and the inner wall of the second pipe body form a first annular space; the outer wall of the second pipe body and the inner wall of the third pipe body form a second annular space; the reaction liquid supply unit and a liquid inlet of the first annular space can be connected and disconnected, and the constant-temperature liquid supply unit and a liquid inlet of the second annular space can be connected and disconnected; a first turbulent flow assembly is arranged in the first annular space, and a second turbulent flow assembly is arranged at a liquid inlet of the first annular space; the second turbulent flow assembly comprises a first channel and a second channel; the first channel is communicated with the first pipe body, and the second channel is communicated with the first annular space. According to the reactor, through the design of the multi-layer sleeve structure, the turbulent flow assembly and the liquid inlet, the mixing uniformity degree of reactants in the first annular space is promoted, and a powerful guarantee is provided for efficient chemical reaction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of chemical reaction equipment development and relates to a three-tube milli-channel reactor. Background Art

[0002] Microchemical technology is an emerging category of chemical technology. The characteristic size of the microreactor / heat exchanger used in microchemical technology is generally between tens and hundreds of microns. Due to its small size and large specific surface area, it has the characteristics of fast and uniform mixing effect, excellent heat and mass transfer efficiency, high intrinsic safety and precise process controllability. It has shown broad application prospects in the field of chemical industry, especially in the field of rapid and strong exothermic reactions. Through precise flow control and precise optimization of reaction conditions, efficient, safe and sustainable chemical reaction processes can be achieved. However, the current single-channel processing capacity of microchannel reactors is insufficient, and when facing solid-containing reaction systems, channel blockage is prone to occur. Using millimeter-scale channels instead of microchannels as reaction channels not only increases the single-channel processing capacity, but also effectively solves the problem of blockage in solid-containing systems because the circumferential scale of the annular gap is at the centimeter level. However, for strongly exothermic reactions, the increase in channel size may lead to poor mixing effects, uneven temperature distribution, and reduced heat and mass transfer efficiency, thereby affecting the reaction selectivity and reactant yields. It may also produce local hotspots, affecting the inherent safety of the chemical reaction process of the strongly exothermic reaction, and further affecting the promotion and application of millichannel reactors. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the problems existing in the existing millichannel reactor technology, the present invention provides a three-tube millichannel reactor, which enhances the mixing, mass transfer and reaction rate of reactants in the millichannel by designing premixing at the front end and adding different forms of internal plug-ins at the rear end in the millichannel. Furthermore, the three-tube form is designed to simultaneously transfer heat through the inner and outer tubes of the reaction channel to solve the inherent safety production technical problems caused by the generation of local hot spots in millichannel reactors in the prior art, thereby enhancing its heat transfer efficiency.

[0004] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: A three-tube milli-channel reactor, comprising a reaction unit, a reaction liquid supply unit and a constant temperature liquid supply unit; The reaction unit comprises a first tube body, a second tube body and a third tube body which are sequentially sleeved from the inside to the outside; the outer wall of the first tube body and the inner wall of the second tube body form a first annular gap; the outer wall of the second tube body and the inner wall of the third tube body form a second annular gap; The reaction liquid supply unit and the liquid inlet of the first annular gap can be connected and disconnected, and the constant temperature liquid supply unit and the liquid inlet of the second annular gap can be connected and disconnected; A first spoiler component is provided in the first annular gap, and a second spoiler component is provided at the liquid inlet of the first annular gap; the second spoiler component includes a first channel and a second channel; the first channel is connected to the first tube body, and the second channel is connected to the first annular gap.

[0005] Preferably, the thickness of the first annular gap is 0.1-3 mm.

[0006] Preferably, the first spoiler assembly is a plurality of baffles; the plurality of baffles are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction and the axial direction of the outer wall of the first tube body.

[0007] Preferably, the radial dimension of the baffle along the first annular gap accounts for 30% to 50% of the radial dimension of the first annular gap.

[0008] Preferably, the baffle is provided with a plurality of through holes.

[0009] Preferably, the total area of ​​the through holes accounts for 50% to 75% of the total area of ​​the baffle.

[0010] Preferably, the second channel includes a first spoiler segment, a second spoiler segment, a third spoiler segment, a fourth spoiler segment, a fifth spoiler segment, a sixth spoiler segment, a seventh spoiler segment and an eighth spoiler segment which are connected to each other; The outer walls of the second spoiler segment and the eighth spoiler segment are both variable diameter structures. On the second spoiler segment, the end with a larger outer wall diameter is connected to the first spoiler segment, and the end with a smaller outer wall diameter is connected to the third spoiler segment; on the eighth spoiler segment, the end with a smaller outer wall diameter is connected to the seventh spoiler segment, and the end with a larger outer wall diameter is connected to the first annular gap; The outer wall diameter of the fourth spoiler segment is greater than the outer wall diameter of the third spoiler segment, and the outer wall diameter of the sixth spoiler segment is greater than the outer wall diameter of the seventh spoiler segment; The inner wall of the fifth spoiler section presents a wave-shaped structure along the axial direction of the second channel.

[0011] Preferably, the fifth spoiler segment having a corrugated inner wall comprises a trough-shaped inner wall and a crest-shaped inner wall, the free end of the trough-shaped inner wall is connected to the fourth spoiler segment, and the free end of the crest-shaped inner wall is connected to the sixth spoiler segment.

[0012] Preferably, the diameter of the outer wall of the free end of the seventh spoiler segment is smaller than the diameter of the outer wall of the first annular gap.

[0013] Preferably, the liquid inlet of the first annular gap and the liquid inlet of the second annular gap are respectively located at two ends of the reaction unit.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects: The present invention discloses a three-tube milli-channel reactor. First, the main body of the micro-tube reactor is composed of three layers of tube bodies, namely, a first tube body, a second tube body and a third tube body. This design not only provides two independent fluid channels, namely, a first annular gap and a second annular gap, but also can realize independent control and flow of different fluids, namely, reaction liquid and constant temperature liquid, through different tube body gaps. This layered design helps to manage the reaction environment and temperature conditions separately, and provides more precise control for the reaction; in addition, the reaction liquid is supplied to the first annular gap, which becomes the main reaction area. Due to the particularity of the annular gap structure, the flow path of the fluid therein is relatively long and complex, which helps to increase the contact time and contact area between the fluids, thereby promoting the mixing and reaction between the materials; in addition, the first spoiler component arranged inside the first annular gap has the function of changing the flow direction of the fluid. direction and speed, thereby increasing the turbulence inside the fluid. Turbulence can significantly improve the mixing efficiency between materials, make the reactants more evenly distributed in the annular gap, and accelerate the reaction process; at the same time, the liquid inlet of the first annular gap is also provided with a second spoiler component, and the second spoiler component includes a first channel and a second channel. This design allows the reaction liquid to undergo changes and adjustments in flow direction and speed before entering the first annular gap, which helps to break the laminar state of the fluid, promote the preliminary mixing of the fluid before entering the annular gap, and improve the uniformity of the mixing of the materials; combined with the above characteristics, the reaction fluid inside the first annular gap is not only affected by the natural mixing effect of the annular gap structure during the reaction, but also by the dual promotion of the first spoiler component and the second spoiler component. This multi-level mixing mechanism ensures that the reactants can be mixed evenly and quickly, thereby improving the reaction efficiency and the uniformity of the product. In summary, the micro-tube reactor significantly promotes the uniformity of the mixing of the reactants inside the first annular gap through its unique multi-layer tube structure, spoiler component and liquid inlet design, providing a strong guarantee for the efficient conduct of chemical reactions. The present invention is designed in the form of three sleeves, and utilizes the form of inner and outer sleeves in the reaction channel to transfer heat simultaneously, which can solve the problem of uneven temperature inside the millichannel reactor in the prior art. When the reactants flow in the first annular gap, their temperature can quickly reach and be maintained within the required reaction temperature range, reducing the change in reaction rate due to temperature fluctuations. Accurate temperature control helps to optimize reaction conditions and improve product quality and yield.

[0015] Furthermore, another inventive point of the present invention is that the thickness of the first annular gap is 0.1-3 mm on a millimeter scale. First, in a three-tube millimeter channel reactor, when the thickness of the first annular gap is on a millimeter scale, the processing capacity of a single channel is further improved while retaining the advantages of a microchannel reactor, thereby further improving the quality and yield of the product. In addition, when facing a solid-containing reaction system, the three-tube millimeter channel microreactor can effectively solve the problem of blockage of a solid-containing system because the circumferential scale of the annular gap is at the centimeter level.

[0016] Furthermore, the first spoiler component is a plurality of baffles; the plurality of baffles are evenly spaced along the circumferential and axial directions of the outer wall of the first tube body. Firstly, the presence of the baffles significantly changes the flow path of the fluid in the first annular gap. The fluid will be obstructed after encountering the baffles, thereby changing the flow direction and forming turbulence or eddy currents. This disturbance effect helps to break the laminar state of the fluid, increase the mixing and shearing effect inside the fluid, and make the contact between the reactants more sufficient and uniform. In addition, the uniform arrangement of the baffles along the circumferential and axial directions ensures that each area of ​​the fluid in the first annular gap can be uniformly disturbed, which helps to avoid excessive aggregation or retention of materials in a certain area, thereby improving the dispersion and uniformity of the materials. Secondly, the presence of the spoiler component increases the contact area between the fluid and the reactor wall and the fluid, which is conducive to accelerating the mass transfer process, making the reaction more rapid and complete, which increases the collision frequency and collision efficiency between the reactants, thereby accelerating the reaction rate and improving the selectivity of the product.

[0017] Furthermore, another inventive point of the present invention is that the radial dimension of the baffle along the first annular gap accounts for 30% to 50% of the radial dimension of the first annular gap. This proportional dimension fully improves and optimizes the fluid disturbance effect, material dispersion effect, and improves the mass transfer and heat transfer efficiency.

[0018] Furthermore, the baffle is provided with a plurality of through holes. Firstly, the presence of the through holes enables the fluid to be diverted and remixed when passing through the baffle. After the fluid flows out of the through holes, it will collide and shear with the surrounding fluid, thereby increasing the degree of mixing inside the fluid. This mixing effect helps to break the laminar structure in the fluid and form a more uniform fluid distribution; secondly, the provision of the through holes can make the material more dispersed when passing through the baffle. When the fluid flows out of the through holes, a jet stream will be formed. This jet stream will interact with the surrounding fluid, making the material more evenly distributed in the reactor. This dispersion effect helps to avoid local excessive aggregation of the material in the reactor and improve the overall uniformity of the material; at the same time, the through holes also improve the mass transfer efficiency. In addition, if the particles of the material in the reactor are too large or the viscosity is too high, the through holes can avoid blocking the channel, thereby maintaining the normal operation of the reactor.

[0019] Furthermore, the total area of ​​the through holes accounts for 50% to 75% of the total area of ​​the baffle. First, when the total area of ​​the through holes accounts for 50% to 75% of the total area of ​​the baffle, the diversion and remixing effects of the fluid when passing through the through holes are optimal, which helps to break the laminar structure in the fluid and promote mixing inside the fluid, thereby achieving a more uniform fluid distribution, increasing the collision frequency and collision efficiency between reactants, and thus accelerating the reaction rate; at the same time, effectively avoiding possible blockage problems.

[0020] Furthermore, the second channel includes a first spoiler segment, a second spoiler segment, a third spoiler segment, a fourth spoiler segment, a fifth spoiler segment, a sixth spoiler segment, a seventh spoiler segment and an eighth spoiler segment that are connected to each other; the outer walls of the second spoiler segment and the eighth spoiler segment are both variable diameter structures, and on the second spoiler segment, the end with a larger outer wall diameter is connected to the first spoiler segment, and the end with a smaller outer wall diameter is connected to the third spoiler segment; on the eighth spoiler segment, the end with a smaller outer wall diameter is connected to the seventh spoiler segment, and the end with a larger outer wall diameter is connected to the first annular gap; the outer wall diameter of the fourth spoiler segment is larger than the outer wall diameter of the third spoiler segment, and the outer wall diameter of the sixth spoiler segment is larger than the outer wall diameter of the seventh spoiler segment; the inner wall of the fifth spoiler segment is a wavy structure along the axial direction of the second channel, where the variable diameter structure of the second spoiler segment causes the fluid to be compressed and expanded when passing through, generating strong disturbances, which helps to break the laminar flow and promote mixing inside the fluid, and the eighth spoiler segment The opposite variable diameter structure further enhances the disturbance effect, so that the fluid is strongly mixed again before leaving the second channel. The corrugated inner wall structure of the fifth spoiler section also increases the turbulence of the fluid and promotes the mixing and shearing effect inside the fluid. Through the continuous setting of multiple spoiler sections, the fluid can be guided to form a complex flow pattern in the channel to avoid excessive aggregation or retention of the fluid in a local area. This optimization of the flow field distribution helps to reduce dead zones and recirculation zones and improve the uniformity and stability of the fluid. The design of the spoiler section increases the contact area and collision frequency between the fluid and the channel wall, thereby improving the heat transfer and mass transfer rates. In particular, the corrugated inner wall structure of the fifth spoiler section further improves the heat transfer and mass transfer efficiency by increasing the contact points between the fluid and the wall. The variable diameter structure and the corrugated inner wall structure not only improve the disturbance effect of the fluid, but also enhance the strength and stability of the channel structure. This design helps to resist the scouring and corrosion of the channel wall by the fluid and extend the service life of the equipment.

[0021] Furthermore, the fifth spoiler section whose inner wall is a corrugated structure includes a trough-shaped inner wall and a crest-shaped inner wall, the free end of the trough-shaped inner wall is connected to the fourth spoiler section, and the free end of the crest-shaped inner wall is connected to the sixth spoiler section. Firstly, the alternating design of the trough-shaped inner wall and the crest-shaped inner wall causes the fluid to be subjected to continuous disturbances from the troughs and crests when passing through the fifth spoiler section. This disturbance helps to break the laminar flow state of the fluid and promote mixing and shearing inside the fluid. The fluid is compressed at the troughs and expanded at the crests. This change causes physical parameters such as fluid velocity, pressure and density to change. The wave wave fluctuates violently, thus enhancing the disturbance effect of the fluid; in addition, the design of the corrugated inner wall can guide the fluid to form a specific flow pattern in the channel, which helps to optimize the flow path of the fluid, reduce dead zones and recirculation zones, and further control the flow speed and direction of the fluid by adjusting the shape, size and position of the trough and crest to meet different process requirements; the corrugated inner wall increases the contact area and collision frequency between the fluid and the channel wall, thereby improving the heat transfer and mass transfer rate, especially at the trough and crest, the contact points between the fluid and the wall are more dense, which is conducive to the transfer of heat and the exchange of mass. Strong fluid disturbance also promotes the heat and mass transfer process inside the fluid, making heat and mass transfer more efficient; in addition, the design of the corrugated inner wall enables the channel wall to disperse stress more evenly when it is eroded and corroded by the fluid, thereby improving the strength and stability of the structure, especially at the trough and crest, the wall thickness is relatively large, which can resist greater pressure and impact.

[0022] Furthermore, the diameter of the outer wall of the free end of the seventh spoiler segment is smaller than the diameter of the outer wall of the first annular gap. This design helps to guide the fluid to pass through the seventh spoiler segment more smoothly and form a specific flow pattern before entering the first annular gap. Since the diameter of the outer wall of the free end of the seventh spoiler segment is small, the fluid will be compressed to a certain extent when passing through, which helps to increase the velocity and turbulence of the fluid and promote mixing and shearing inside the fluid. When the fluid enters the first annular gap, the fluid will expand due to the sudden increase in diameter. This change helps to further break the laminar structure of the fluid and form a more uniform fluid distribution, while also improving the heat and mass transfer efficiency and enhancing the structural strength and stability.

[0023] Furthermore, the liquid inlet of the first annular gap and the liquid inlet of the second annular gap are respectively located at the two ends of the reaction unit. When in use, the constant temperature liquid introduced into the second annular gap can be used as a heat exchange medium to effectively absorb or release the heat in the reaction unit. Since the temperature of the constant temperature liquid is stable, the temperature of the reaction unit can be more efficiently controlled to ensure that the reaction is carried out within the optimal temperature range. At the same time, the flow of the constant temperature liquid also helps to accelerate the transfer of heat, making the temperature distribution in the reaction unit more uniform, thereby improving the overall heat transfer efficiency. In addition, the liquid inlet of the first annular gap and the flow direction of the fluid in the second annular gap are opposite, the heat exchange efficiency is higher, the reaction process is effectively controlled, and the equipment utilization rate is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a three-tube milli-channel reactor in the present invention; Figure 2 Schematic diagrams of the structures of the first spoiler components with different structures arranged on the outer wall of the first tube body in the present invention, wherein (A) is a triangular structure, (B) is a circular structure, (C) is a rectangular structure, and (D) is a mixed structure; Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a through hole provided on the first spoiler component in the present invention; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the second spoiler component in the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the second spoiler component in the present invention.

[0026] Wherein: 1. reaction unit, 2. reaction liquid supply unit, 3. constant temperature liquid supply unit, 11. first tube body, 12. second tube body, 13. third tube body, 14. first annular gap, 15. second annular gap, 141. first spoiler component, 142. second spoiler component, 4. through hole, 151. first spoiler segment, 152. second spoiler segment, 153. third spoiler segment, 154. fourth spoiler segment, 155. fifth spoiler segment, 156. sixth spoiler segment, 157. seventh spoiler segment, 158. eighth spoiler segment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0028] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0030] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that if the terms "upper", "lower", "horizontal", "inner", etc. indicate an orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of the invention is usually placed when in use, it is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0031] In addition, if the term "horizontal" appears, it does not mean that the component must be absolutely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", which does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0032] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal connection of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0033] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings: like Figure 1As shown, the present invention discloses a three-tube milli-channel reactor, comprising a reaction unit 1, a reaction liquid supply unit 2 and a constant temperature liquid supply unit 3; the reaction unit 1 comprises a first tube body 11, a second tube body 12 and a third tube body 13 which are sequentially sleeved from the inside to the outside; the outer wall of the first tube body 11 and the inner wall of the second tube body 12 form a first annular gap 14; the outer wall of the second tube body 12 and the inner wall of the third tube body 13 form a second annular gap 15; the reaction liquid supply unit 2 and the liquid inlet of the first annular gap 14 can be switched on and off, and the constant temperature liquid supply unit 3 and the liquid inlet of the second annular gap 15 can be switched on and off; a first spoiler component 141 is provided in the first annular gap 14, and a second spoiler component 142 is provided at the liquid inlet of the first annular gap 14; the second spoiler component 142 comprises a first channel 143 and a second channel 144; the first channel 143 is connected to the first tube body 11, and the second channel 144 is connected to the first annular gap 14. When using this reactor, the reaction liquid is injected into the first annular gap 14, and the constant temperature liquid is injected into the first tube body 11 and the second annular gap 15. It can be a constant temperature cooling liquid or a constant temperature heating liquid, which is used to control the constant temperature reaction inside the first annular gap 14, and then control the reaction rate of the reaction process.

[0034] In a further preferred embodiment, the thickness of the first annular gap 14 is 0.1-3 mm.

[0035] In a preferred embodiment, the first spoiler assembly 141 is a plurality of baffles; the baffles are evenly spaced along the circumferential and axial directions of the outer wall of the first tube body 11. The three-tube milli-channel reactor according to claim 3 is characterized in that the radial dimension of the baffles along the first annular gap 14 accounts for 30% to 50% of the radial dimension of the first annular gap 14. At the same time, Figure 2 As shown, the shape of the baffle is also triangular, circular, rectangular or a combination of the above shapes. In addition, as shown in Figure 3 As shown, in order to further improve the spoiler effect, a plurality of through holes 4 may be provided on the first spoiler component 141, and the total area of ​​the through holes accounts for 50% to 75% of the total area of ​​the baffle.

[0036] like Figure 4 As shown, the second channel 144 is disposed at the liquid inlet of the first annular gap 14 , and plays a role of pre-disturbance on the liquid entering the first annular gap 14 , so that the liquid is fully mixed after entering the first annular gap 14 .

[0037] like Figure 5As shown, the second channel 144 includes a first spoiler segment 151, a second spoiler segment 152, a third spoiler segment 153, a fourth spoiler segment 154, a fifth spoiler segment 155, a sixth spoiler segment 156, a seventh spoiler segment 157 and an eighth spoiler segment 158 ​​which are connected to each other; the outer walls of the second spoiler segment 152 and the eighth spoiler segment 158 ​​are both variable diameter structures, and the end of the second spoiler segment 152 with a larger outer wall diameter is connected to the first spoiler segment 151, and the end with a smaller outer wall diameter is connected to the The third spoiler segment 153 is connected; on the eighth spoiler segment 158, the end with a smaller outer wall diameter is connected to the seventh spoiler segment 157, and the end with a larger outer wall diameter is connected to the first annular gap 14; the outer wall diameter of the fourth spoiler segment 154 is larger than the outer wall diameter of the third spoiler segment 153, and the outer wall diameter of the sixth spoiler segment 156 is larger than the outer wall diameter of the seventh spoiler segment 157; the inner wall of the fifth spoiler segment 155 is a wavy structure along the axial direction of the second channel 144.

[0038] In a more preferred solution, the fifth spoiler segment 155 having a corrugated inner wall includes a trough-shaped inner wall and a crest-shaped inner wall, the free end of the trough-shaped inner wall is connected to the fourth spoiler segment 154 , and the free end of the crest-shaped inner wall is connected to the sixth spoiler segment 156 .

[0039] In addition, in a preferred embodiment, the diameter of the outer wall of the free end of the seventh spoiler section 157 is smaller than the diameter of the outer wall of the first annular gap 14. The liquid inlet of the first annular gap 14 and the liquid inlet of the second annular gap 15 are located at two ends of the reaction unit 1 respectively.

[0040] The method of using the reactor in the present invention is as follows: several reactants involved in the reaction are introduced into the first annular gap 14, and a cold fluid is introduced into the inner tube and the outer annular gap of the synergistically enhanced three-tube millimeter reactor, and the cold fluid flows through the first tube body 11 and the second annular gap 15. Under certain reaction conditions, the reactants react violently in the first annular gap 14 to generate a large amount of heat, and the cold fluid flows in the first tube body 11 and the second annular gap 15 channels, realizing high-intensity heat exchange of the strong exothermic reaction in the reaction channel, and double heat transfer on both sides of the reaction channel, effectively reducing the temperature of the reaction process, thereby ensuring the safety and efficiency of the reaction process. Different types of internal plug-ins are added to the first annular gap 14, namely the first spoiler component 141, which increases the mixing of reactants in the reaction channel, thereby enhancing the efficiency of the strong exothermic reaction.

[0041] Reactions suitable for the device of the present invention may be nitration, diazotization, peroxidation, fluorination, chlorination, bromination, etc. The reaction temperature may be 50-400° C., and the reaction pressure may be 0.1-5 Mpa.

[0042] In addition, the first tube body 11, the second tube body 12 and the third tube body 13 can be made of stainless steel, nickel-based alloy, ceramic material, silicon carbide and the like, and the first spoiler component 141 can be made of a single metal material, alloy material, organic temperature-resistant and pressure-resistant plastic or a combination thereof.

[0043] The reactants of the present invention react in the first annular gap 14, and the cold fluid flows in the first tube body 11 and the second annular gap 15, realizing the double heat transfer of the reaction heat on both the inside and outside sides in the first annular gap 14, effectively reducing the temperature of the reaction process, and ensuring the efficient and safe progress of the reaction. The size of the first annular gap 14 is controlled to be a millimeter-scale annular gap as a reaction channel, and different types of first spoiler components 141 are added to the reaction channel, which not only retains the advantages of the microchannel online material quantity, good mixing effect, uniform temperature distribution, high heat transfer and mass transfer efficiency, but also improves the single channel processing capacity. Since the circumferential scale of the annular gap is at the centimeter level, the problem of blockage of the solid-containing system is effectively solved. For a strong exothermic reaction, the millimeter-scale reaction channel and different forms of internal plug-ins are conducive to the mixing of reactants in the millimeter channel, enhancing the reaction rate and reaction safety.

[0044] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A three-tube milli-channel reactor, characterized in that: It comprises a reaction unit (1), a reaction liquid supply unit (2) and a constant temperature liquid supply unit (3); The reaction unit (1) comprises a first tube body (11), a second tube body (12) and a third tube body (13) which are sequentially sleeved from the inside to the outside; the outer wall of the first tube body (11) and the inner wall of the second tube body (12) form a first annular gap (14); the outer wall of the second tube body (12) and the inner wall of the third tube body (13) form a second annular gap (15); The reaction liquid supply unit (2) and the liquid inlet of the first annular gap (14) can be connected and disconnected, and the constant temperature liquid supply unit (3) and the liquid inlet of the second annular gap (15) can be connected and disconnected; A first spoiler component (141) is provided in the first annular gap (14), and a second spoiler component (142) is provided at the liquid inlet of the first annular gap (14); the second spoiler component (142) comprises a first channel (143) and a second channel (144); the first channel (143) is connected to the first tube body (11), and the second channel (144) is connected to the first annular gap (14).

2. A three-tube milli-channel reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the first annular gap (14) is 0.1-3 mm.

3. A three-tube milli-channel reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first spoiler component (141) is a plurality of baffles; the plurality of baffles are evenly spaced and arranged along the circumferential direction and axial direction of the outer wall of the first tube body (11).

4. A three-tube milli-channel reactor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The radial dimension of the baffle plate along the first annular gap (14) accounts for 30% to 50% of the radial dimension of the first annular gap (14).

5. A three-tube milli-channel reactor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The baffle is provided with a plurality of through holes (4).

6. A three-tube milli-channel reactor according to claim 5, characterized in that: The total area of ​​the through holes accounts for 50% to 75% of the total area of ​​the baffle.

7. A three-tube milli-channel reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second channel (144) comprises a first spoiler segment (151), a second spoiler segment (152), a third spoiler segment (153), a fourth spoiler segment (154), a fifth spoiler segment (155), a sixth spoiler segment (156), a seventh spoiler segment (157), and an eighth spoiler segment (158) which are arranged in communication with each other; The outer walls of the second spoiler section (152) and the eighth spoiler section (158) are both of variable diameter structures; the end of the second spoiler section (152) with a larger outer wall diameter is connected to the first spoiler section (151), and the end of the second spoiler section (152) with a smaller outer wall diameter is connected to the third spoiler section (153); the end of the eighth spoiler section (158) with a smaller outer wall diameter is connected to the seventh spoiler section (157), and the end of the eighth spoiler section (158) with a larger outer wall diameter is connected to the first annular gap (14); The outer wall diameter of the fourth spoiler segment (154) is greater than the outer wall diameter of the third spoiler segment (153), and the outer wall diameter of the sixth spoiler segment (156) is greater than the outer wall diameter of the seventh spoiler segment (157); The inner wall of the fifth spoiler section (155) presents a wave-shaped structure along the axial direction of the second channel (144).

8. A three-tube milli-channel reactor according to claim 7, characterized in that: The fifth spoiler section (155) having a wave-shaped inner wall comprises a trough-shaped inner wall and a crest-shaped inner wall, the free end of the trough-shaped inner wall being connected to the fourth spoiler section (154), and the free end of the crest-shaped inner wall being connected to the sixth spoiler section (156).

9. A three-tube milli-channel reactor according to claim 7, characterized in that: The diameter of the outer wall of the free end of the seventh spoiler section (157) is smaller than the diameter of the outer wall of the first annular gap (14).

10. A three-tube milli-channel reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid inlet of the first annular gap (14) and the liquid inlet of the second annular gap (15) are respectively located at two ends of the reaction unit (1).

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