Splayed deluge tank and arrangement method

Abstract

The invention discloses a splayed deluge tank and a laying method, the splayed deluge tank comprises a plurality of rain collecting pits, the rain collecting pits are connected through deluge tanks, and uniformly distributed intercepting nets are formed on a hillside; the rain collecting pits are arranged in a delta shape, two vertically adjacent rows of rain collecting pits are arranged in a staggered mode, and each rain collecting pit is connected with the rain collecting pit on the upper layer through a deluge groove and is in an inverted splayed shape. The laying method comprises the following steps: 1) land selection; (2) arranging a deluge tank; (3) arranging a rain collecting pit; and 4) forming a network. Compared with the prior art, the device has the advantages that the structure is simple, and implementation is convenient; rainwater can be effectively intercepted and collected, the soil moisture content of an afforestation area is improved, and sufficient moisture is provided for growth of nursery stocks; the survival rate of afforestation can be obviously improved by arranging the rain drenching grooves; meanwhile, the biomass is greatly promoted; the method is low in cost and suitable for artificial afforestation and vegetation recovery work in arid and semi-arid regions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of forestry, in particular to an eight-shaped rain shower trough and a laying method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The arid region in northwest my country is an important ecological security barrier. However, due to climate change and human activities, the natural forest coverage, area and plant species in the Qilian Mountains have declined year by year, and the grassland has been seriously degraded. In order to improve the survival rate of afforestation and protect the ecological environment, it is necessary to innovate afforestation technology. Traditional afforestation methods often lead to low afforestation survival rates due to low soil moisture content. Therefore, technical measures to achieve rapid recovery of mountain vegetation and improve seedling survival rates continue to be studied. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems mentioned in the background technology and to provide an eight-shaped rain shower trough and a layout method thereof.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a technical solution: an eight-shaped rain shower trough is arranged on a hillside, including a plurality of rain collecting pits, and the rain collecting pits are connected by the rain shower trough to form a uniformly distributed interception network on the hillside;

[0005] Several rain collecting pits are arranged in a herringbone shape, with the upper and lower adjacent rows of rain collecting pits staggered, and each rain collecting pit is connected to the upper rain collecting pit through a rain shower trough, forming an inverted figure eight shape;

[0006] The rain collection pit is deeper than the shower trough, and the height of the water inlet at the top of the shower trough is consistent with the height of the eaves on the rain collection pit.

[0007] After the upper rainwater collection pit is filled with rainwater, the rainwater flows into the lower rainwater collection pit along the rain gutter.

[0008] As a preferred solution, the rain shower groove is 5-8 cm deep and 10-15 cm wide.

[0009] A method for laying out an eight-shaped rain shower trough specifically comprises the following steps:

[0010] 1) Site selection: determine the afforestation area and select a relatively gentle slope;

[0011] 2) Laying out rain shower troughs: Starting from the top of the slope in the selected afforestation area, two inverted "eight"-shaped troughs are excavated diagonally upward to the left and right, respectively, at the left and right corners above the predetermined irrigation hole to form an eight-shaped rain shower trough;

[0012] 3) Arrangement of rainwater collection pits: Rainwater collection pits are arranged at the ends of the rainwater troughs. The upper and lower rows of rainwater collection pits are connected by obliquely arranged rainwater troughs to facilitate the collection of downstream rainwater into the rainwater collection pits;

[0013] 4) Forming a network: Repeat steps 2) and 3) to arrange multiple rain shower troughs and rainwater collection pits in the afforestation area according to preset row spacing and plant spacing to form a rainwater collection network.

[0014] As a preferred solution, the depth of the rain collection pit is greater than the depth of the shower trough.

[0015] As a preferred solution, the rainwater collection pit is a cylindrical or hemispherical pit, which is convenient for collecting and storing rainwater.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are: simple structure and easy implementation; it can effectively intercept and collect rainwater, increase the soil moisture content in the afforestation area, and provide sufficient moisture for the growth of seedlings; by laying out rain shower troughs, the afforestation survival rate can be significantly improved; at the same time, it also has a great promoting effect on biomass; it is low cost and is suitable for artificial afforestation and vegetation restoration in arid and semi-arid areas. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the present invention.

[0019] As shown in the figure: 1. Rainwater collection pit, 2. Rainwater trough. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", "front", "back" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the resulting method or component must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second" and "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0022] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or a point connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0023] As shown in the figure, an eight-shaped rain shower trough is arranged on a hillside, including a plurality of rain collecting pits 1, which are connected by rain shower troughs 2 to form a uniformly distributed interception network on the hillside;

[0024] A plurality of rain collecting pits 1 are arranged in a herringbone shape, and the rain collecting pits 1 in two adjacent rows are arranged staggered, and each rain collecting pit 1 is connected to the upper rain collecting pit 1 through a rain shower trough 2, forming an inverted figure eight shape;

[0025] The rainwater collection pit 1 is deeper than the shower trough 2, and the height of the water inlet at the top of the shower trough 2 is consistent with the height of the eaves on the rainwater collection pit 1.

[0026] After the upper rainwater collection pit 1 is full of rainwater, the rainwater flows into the lower rainwater collection pit 1 along the rainwater trough 2.

[0027] The rain shower groove 2 is 5-8 cm deep and 10-15 cm wide.

[0028] A method for laying out an eight-shaped rain shower trough specifically comprises the following steps:

[0029] 1) Site selection: determine the afforestation area and select a relatively gentle slope;

[0030] 2) Laying out the rain shower trough 2: Starting from the top of the slope in the selected afforestation area, two inverted "eight"-shaped troughs are excavated diagonally upward to the left and right, respectively, at the left and right corners above the irrigation hole at the predetermined location, to form an eight-shaped rain shower trough 2;

[0031] 3) Arrangement of rainwater collection pit 1: a rainwater collection pit 1 is arranged at the end of the shower trough 2, and the upper and lower rows of rainwater collection pits 1 are connected by the shower trough 2 arranged obliquely, so that the downstream rainwater is collected into the rainwater collection pit 1;

[0032] 4) Forming a network: Repeat steps 2) and 3) to arrange multiple shower troughs 2 and rainwater collection pits 1 in the afforestation area according to preset row spacing and plant spacing to form a rainwater collection network.

[0033] The depth of the rainwater collecting pit 1 is greater than the depth of the rain shower trough 2 .

[0034] The rainwater collection pit 1 is a cylindrical or hemispherical pit, which is convenient for collecting and storing rainwater.

[0035] Principle of the present invention: When it rains in mountainous areas, when the instantaneous rainfall is large or the soil moisture content reaches saturation, rainwater will flow down the hillside. The "eight"-shaped "rain trough" is in an oblique horizontal direction with respect to the direction of rainwater flow. When rainwater flows down, it will intercept and collect the rainwater in the area and flow into the rain collection pits along the trough. The rain collection pits are arranged in a "pin" shape. The rain troughs extend upward in an inverted "eight" shape within the corresponding row spacing, with the troughs and pits connected. A rain interception net is formed with the "rain collection pits" as the mesh centers. All the flowing-down rainwater flows into the rain collection pits along the troughs. Filling the rain collection pits with water is equivalent to watering the rhizosphere soil of the seedlings. When the rainwater intercepted in the front rain collection pits is full, it overflows downward and is intercepted by the "rain troughs" below and flows into the rain collection pits. Therefore, when all the upper and lower rain collection pits are not filled with water, rainwater cannot directly flow into the rain troughs at the lower slope. Even when all the rain collection pits are filled with water, the speed of rainwater flow will be slowed down, thereby prolonging the infiltration time of rainwater in the soil of the afforestation area and increasing the water storage capacity of the soil in the afforestation area.

[0036] In the specific implementation of the present invention, starting from the top of the slope, two ditches (rain troughs) are respectively dug obliquely upward to the left and right at the upper left and right corners above the irrigation holes. The depth of the ditches is 5 - 8 cm, and the width is 10 - 15 cm. The upper mouth distance between the two "rain troughs" is 1.6 m, and the lower mouth distance is 0.4 m. The shapes of the two "rain troughs" present an inverted "eight" shape. The length of the top row of "rain troughs" is 3 m, and the lengths of the following rows of "rain troughs" all end at the lower corners of the left and right holes above.

[0037] Comparative experiment:

[0038] Based on the planted seedlings and the layout of the "rain troughs", on the slope with a slope of 150 - 200 on the same hillside, 20 holes of sea buckthorn and 20 holes of Caragana korshinskii are respectively selected as test seedlings on the shady slope, sunny slope, and shady and sunny slopes. At the same time, 20 holes of sea buckthorn and Caragana korshinskii seedlings without the layout of "rain troughs" are selected as controls on the three slopes. After the seedlings involved in the experiment are planted, no watering is carried out, and the experiment is carried out under natural rain-fed conditions. The test area is protected by a fence without human interference such as grazing.

[0039] Observation indicators

[0040] (1) Seedling survival rate

[0041] After the seedlings stop growing at the end of October, the survival rates of sea buckthorn and Caragana korshinskii seedlings in the experimental groups and control groups on each slope are respectively investigated, and the differences in survival rates between the experimental groups and the control groups are compared and analyzed.

[0042] Calculation formula for survival rate:

[0043] ① Seedling survival rate (%) = (number of planted seedlings - number of dead seedlings) / number of planted seedlings × 100

[0044] ②Relative seedling survival rate (%) = (seedling survival rate of the experimental group - seedling survival rate of the control group) / seedling survival rate of the control group × 100

[0045] (2) Biomass

[0046] After the seedlings stopped growing in mid-October, the aboveground biomass of the seedlings in each experimental group and the control group was measured respectively. That is, the branches and leaves of the same year were cut from 5 seedlings in each experimental group and the control group, and the total dry weight of the branches and leaves of the same year (the aboveground biomass of the same year) was measured by the drying and weighing method. The collected branches and leaves were put into file bags and then placed in a drying oven for drying. They were first sterilized at 105℃ for 0.5h and then dried at 80℃ until the sample weight no longer decreased. Then, they were weighed with a 1 / 10,000 electronic scale to analyze the differences in biomass of each experimental group and the control group.

[0047] (3) Soil moisture content

[0048] After the experimental seedlings were planted, in mid-June, August and October, the rainwater collection pits of each experimental group and the control group were filled with 0-10cm, 10-20cm and 20-

[0049] Soil samples were taken at depths of 30cm, 30-40cm, and 40-50cm, and the soil moisture content was determined. The moisture content of soil samples in different soil layers of each experimental group and control group, the average soil moisture content, and the relative soil moisture content were calculated, and the differences in the moisture content of soil samples in each soil layer of each experimental group and control group were analyzed.

[0050] Calculation formula:

[0051] ①Soil moisture content (%) = (wet weight - dry weight) / wet weight × 100;

[0052] ② Average soil moisture content (%) = (n1+n2+n3) / 3;

[0053] ③Relative soil moisture content (%) = (average soil moisture content of the experimental group - average soil moisture content of the control group) / average soil moisture content of the control group × 100.

[0054] Data Statistical Methods

[0055] The experimental data were summarized and statistically analyzed using Excel 2010 and SPSS2021 software.

[0056] Results and Analysis

[0057] The influence of “rain trough” on the survival rate of seedlings

[0058] Table 1 Survival rate of seedlings with different broken positions

[0059]

[0060] From Table 1, we can see that for seabuckthorn, whether it is the experimental group with rain trough or conventional afforestation, the survival rate of the shady slope is the highest, followed by the yin-yang split, and the lowest survival rate is the sunny slope. Compared with the conventional afforestation method, the average survival rate of seedlings in the "rain trough" afforestation method is the most obvious on the sunny slope, exceeding 35.14%, followed by the yin-yang split, exceeding 31.58%, and the lowest on the shady slope, exceeding 23.46%. The total of the three slopes increased by an average of 29.76%;

[0061] The survival rate of Caragana korshinskii in the three slopes was the same as that of Hippophae rhamnoides, with the highest survival rate on the shady slope, followed by the yin-yang split, and the lowest survival rate on the sunny slope. Compared with the conventional afforestation method, the average survival rate of seedlings in the "rain trough" afforestation method was higher on the sunny slope and the yin-yang split, both exceeding 28.21%, while the lowest on the shady slope, exceeding 20.48%, and the total survival rate of the three slopes increased by an average of 25.48%.

[0062] Overall, the survival rate of these two plants is the highest on the shady slope, followed by the yin-yang slope, and the lowest survival rate is on the sunny slope, which means that the sunshine time is the least, the water evaporation is also less, and the seedling survival rate is also the highest. The sunshine time of the yin-yang slope is more than that of the shady slope, and the sunshine time on the sunny slope is the longest, the water evaporation is the largest, and the seedling survival rate is also the worst. Compared with conventional afforestation, the survival rate of these two plants on the sunny slope in the experimental group with rain troughs is the best, followed by the yin-yang slope, and the effect on the shady slope is relatively small. Moreover, compared with the survival rate of Caragana korshinskii and Hippophae rhamnoides seedlings in the experimental group and the control group on different slopes, the survival rate of the experimental group is significantly higher than that of the control group, which means that the rainwater accumulated in the rain trough to the rain collection pit can replenish the water needed by the plants, which plays an important role in improving the survival rate of seedlings.

[0063] The influence of “rain trough” on soil moisture content

[0064] Table 2 Soil moisture content

[0065]

[0066] Table 3 Increase rate of soil moisture content in the experimental group and control group with different slope directions

[0067]

[0068]

[0069] From Table 2, whether it is the experimental group or the control group (CK), the average moisture content of the shady slope is the highest, followed by the yin-yang slope, and the lowest is the sunny slope, which also shows that the soil moisture content of the slope is related to the sunshine time. From the perspective of the increase rate of average moisture content, the sunny slope exceeds the most, which is 26.83%, followed by the shady slope, which is 18.27%, and the lowest is the yin-yang slope, which is 6.55%; this shows that the moisture of the soil on the sunny slope is most likely to evaporate and lose, and the effect of the rain trough is more obvious.

[0070] Judging from the exceedance rate of the average values ​​at different depths on the three slopes, the soil moisture content at a depth of 30-40 cm is the largest at 21.75%, followed by 20-30 cm at 19.58%, 10-20 cm at 14.94%, 0-10 cm at 15.34%, and the lowest is 40-50 cm at 9.55%.

[0071] Overall, the average moisture content of the three slopes is 9.18% in the rainwater collection pit with a rain trough, and 7.9% in the soil without a rain trough, an increase of 16.20%. In the soil layer with a depth of 0-40cm, the soil moisture content of the test group with a rain trough is significantly higher than that of the control group, while there is no significant difference between the moisture content below 40cm and the control group. Therefore, the rainwater accumulated in the rain trough has penetrated to a depth of 40cm, and the plant roots can absorb the water supplemented by the rain trough. From the comparison of the total moisture content of the three slopes of shady slope, sunny slope, and yin-yang slope, the difference between the test group and the control group can be seen.

[0072] Effects of “rain trough” on the biomass of seedlings in the current year

[0073] Table 4 Comparison of biomass in the same year

[0074]

[0075] From Table 3, we can see that compared with the conventional method, the biomass of the seedlings in the same year of the "rain trough" afforestation method was the highest on the sunny slope of sea buckthorn, reaching 42.86%, followed by the yin-yang split, which was 28.21%, and the lowest was the shady slope, which was 25%; the biomass increase rate of Caragana korshinskii was the same as that of sea buckthorn, with the highest increase rate on the sunny slope, reaching 42.86%, followed by the yin-yang split, which was 31.58%, and the lowest was the shady slope, which was 21.95%. The above data show that the effect of setting up rain troughs for afforestation is more obvious in dry places; from the comparison of the average biomass of Caragana korshinskii and sea buckthorn on different slopes, the three slopes increased by an average of 35.12% and 30.19% respectively, and the biomass of the experimental group with rain troughs was higher than that of the control group, which also shows that setting up rain troughs for afforestation in mountainous areas has a significant effect on increasing plant biomass.

[0076] According to the data in Table 1, Table 2, Table 3, and Table 4, the biomass of seedlings in the same year of the "rain trough" afforestation method was compared with the seedlings in the same year of the conventional afforestation method. On the sunny slope, which is most prone to dryness, the average survival rate of Hippophae rhamnoides and Caragana korshinskii was the highest, reaching 25.48% and 29.76% respectively. The relative increase rate of biomass on the sunny slope was 42.86%, and the increase rate of soil moisture content on the sunny slope was also the highest, increasing by 26.83%. This shows that the "rain trough" afforestation method is more effective in restoring vegetation in relatively dry mountainous hills.

[0077] Discussion and Conclusion

[0078] In recent years, with the changes in climate and environment, the melting of glaciers in Qilian Mountains has accelerated, the snow line has risen, and the impact of mining and overgrazing has caused serious vegetation degradation in the shallow mountain areas of Qilian Mountains. In order to protect the ecological environment, Qilian Mountains has also implemented a series of ecological restoration projects such as natural forest protection, mountain, water, forest, field, lake, grass and sand ice. The implementation of these projects has increased the forest area in Qilian Mountains, effectively protected forest and grass vegetation, effectively managed and restored the ecological environment, and continuously enhanced the water conservation forest function. Explorations have also been made in afforestation technology. Zhang Yongcheng and others have carried out afforestation technology in the shallow mountain areas of Qilian Mountains. Before afforestation, short horizontal terraces for rainwater collection were adopted before the rainy season of the previous year, and afforestation pits were arranged in a "pin" shape on the slope. The afforestation survival rate was significantly improved, and Caragana korshinskii was selected as a shrub suitable for afforestation in this area. Liang Wanfang and others discussed the technical points of afforestation and greening of barren mountains in Qilian Mountains from the aspects of afforestation time, afforestation tree species, seedling transportation, improvement and optimization of planting environment, and post-greening management technology. Gao Wenhui and others applied and promoted the mechanical drilling and deep planting and film covering comprehensive drought-resistant spruce afforestation technology, which improved the survival rate of ecological afforestation seedlings, increased the growth of seedlings, and solved the afforestation technology problems in semi-arid and arid forest areas. These afforestation technologies and afforestation key points have effectively improved the afforestation survival rate in the Qilian Mountains. However, the technology of collecting rainwater on-site for afforestation through a simple "rain trough" has advantages that other technologies cannot match. This paper used the "rain trough" afforestation method to plant sea buckthorn and Caragana korshinskii in different slopes. Through comparative analysis, the annual seedling survival rate of "rain trough" afforestation increased by 29.76% on average for sea buckthorn and 25.48% on average for Caragana korshinskii compared with the conventional afforestation method; the seedling biomass of the same year increased by 35.12% on average for sea buckthorn and 30.19% on average for Caragana korshinskii compared with the conventional afforestation method; the average soil moisture content of the three slopes was 9.18% for the rainwater collection pit with rain troughs, and 7.90% for the rainwater collection pit without rain troughs, an increase of 16.33%. In the afforestation in the mountainous area at the northern foot of the Qilian Mountains, the use of rain trough afforestation technology has a very significant effect on improving the survival rate and growth of seedlings, and has a certain promotion and application value in similar areas in the shallow mountainous areas of the Qilian Mountains.

[0079] The present invention and its embodiments are described above, and such description is not restrictive. The drawings show only one embodiment of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. In short, if ordinary technicians in the field are inspired by it, without departing from the purpose of the invention, they can design a structure and embodiment similar to the technical solution without creativity, which should belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An eight-shaped rain shower trough arranged on a hillside, characterized in that: It includes several rain collection pits, which are connected by rain shower troughs to form a uniform interception network on the hillside; Several rain collecting pits are arranged in a herringbone shape, with the upper and lower adjacent rows of rain collecting pits staggered, and each rain collecting pit is connected to the upper rain collecting pit through a rain shower trough, forming an inverted figure eight shape; The rain collection pit is deeper than the shower trough, and the height of the water inlet at the top of the shower trough is consistent with the height of the eaves on the rain collection pit. After the upper rainwater collection pit is filled with rainwater, the rainwater flows into the lower rainwater collection pit along the rain gutter.

2. The figure eight rain shower trough according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rain shower groove is 5-8 cm deep and 10-15 cm wide.

3. A method for laying out an eight-shaped rain shower trough, characterized in that: The specific steps include: 1) Site selection: determine the afforestation area and select a relatively gentle slope; 2) Laying out rain shower troughs: Starting from the top of the slope in the selected afforestation area, two inverted "eight"-shaped troughs are excavated diagonally upward to the left and right, respectively, at the left and right corners above the predetermined irrigation hole to form an eight-shaped rain shower trough; 3) Arrangement of rainwater collection pits: Rainwater collection pits are arranged at the ends of the rainwater troughs. The upper and lower rows of rainwater collection pits are connected by obliquely arranged rainwater troughs to facilitate the collection of downstream rainwater into the rainwater collection pits; 4) Forming a network: Repeat steps 2) and 3) to arrange multiple rain shower troughs and rainwater collection pits in the afforestation area according to preset row spacing and plant spacing to form a rainwater collection network.

4. The method for laying out an eight-shaped rain shower trough according to claim 3, characterized in that: The depth of the rainwater collection pit is greater than the depth of the rain shower trough.

5. The method for laying out an eight-shaped rain shower trough according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rainwater collection pit is a cylindrical or hemispherical pit, which is convenient for collecting and storing rainwater.

Images