Decoking agent with safe components and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a decoking agent with safe components and a preparation method of the decoking agent. The technical problem that a traditional decoking agent usually contains explosive components is solved. The catalyst comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 12-20 parts of aluminum nitrate; 12 to 20 parts of potassium nitrate fertilizer; 20 to 35 parts of ammonium sulfate fertilizer; 20 to 40 parts of boric acid; 8 to 25 parts of copper nitrate; 500 to 550 parts of deionized water; and 100-200 parts of an ammonium nitrate phosphate fertilizer. Compared with a traditional decoking agent, the decoking agent disclosed by the invention has remarkable safety and high efficiency. The nitrate fertilizer subjected to explosion-proof modification treatment is adopted as a main component, so that the decoking effect of nitrate is reserved, the safety of the decoking agent is also remarkably improved, and the operation risk and the production cost are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a decoking agent, in particular to a decoking agent with safe ingredients and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Coal-fired boilers have high thermal intensity and high combustion temperature. Under the influence of various complex factors such as unreasonable boiler design, improper operation, or changes in coal quality, they are prone to serious coking and ash accumulation. Therefore, the boiler needs to be shut down for decoking and cleaning, which brings significant economic losses to production companies. During the coal combustion process, due to ash and coking on the heating surface, the heat exchange efficiency of the boiler decreases, the exhaust temperature increases, and the energy consumption increases. In addition, the heating surface is prone to sulfate corrosion due to severe coking, which shortens the service life of the boiler.

[0003] At present, for the deashing and coking of industrial boilers and large power station boilers, manual decoking and soot blowing are usually used during operation. The existing technology cannot complete the decoking of serious coking, especially for extra-large coke blocks. Specific chemical agents (decoking agents) are added to the boiler, which react with substances in the ash to remove the ash and coke on the heating surface by physical and chemical effects, especially to remove large coke and prevent the formation of large coke, to ensure the safe and economical operation of the boiler.

[0004] However, traditional decoking agents often contain explosive ingredients, such as certain nitrates, which pose a great safety hazard during use. Nitrates are potentially explosive under certain conditions (such as high temperature, high pressure, strong oxidizing environment or electric spark excitation). Therefore, the use of such nitrate ingredients in decoking agents undoubtedly increases operational risks and production costs. Especially in high-risk industries such as chemicals and energy, this explosiveness has become a key factor restricting the widespread use of decoking agents. Therefore, the purchase of nitrates in my country requires complicated application procedures. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a decoking agent with safe ingredients and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the technical problem that conventional decoking agents often contain explosive ingredients.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a descorching agent and a preparation method thereof, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0008] Potassium nitrate fertilizer: 12-20 parts; ammonium sulfate fertilizer: 20-35 parts; boric acid: 20-40 parts; copper nitrate: 8-25 parts; deionized water: 500-550 parts; ammonium nitrate phosphate fertilizer: 100-200 parts.

[0009] Further, the following raw materials are included in parts by weight:

[0010] Potassium nitrate fertilizer: 16 parts; ammonium sulfate fertilizer: 24 parts; boric acid: 40 parts; copper nitrate: 24 parts; deionized water: 520 parts; ammonium nitrate phosphate fertilizer: 160 parts.

[0011] Furthermore, the raw materials also include 12 to 20 parts of aluminum nitrate.

[0012] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a descorching agent with safe ingredients, comprising the following steps:

[0013] S1. Add deionized water to the reaction vessel, then slowly add potassium nitrate fertilizer, the solution temperature is lowered, after the solution returns to room temperature, add ammonium sulfate fertilizer, and stir for 5 to 10 minutes to ensure full dissolution;

[0014] S2. Add ammonium nitrate phosphate and aluminum nitrate to the mixed solution, and then add copper nitrate, and the solution turns blue;

[0015] S3. Add boric acid to the mixed solution and stir again for 5 to 10 minutes to ensure that the solution is evenly mixed.

[0016] Based on the above technical solution, the embodiments of the present invention can at least produce the following technical effects:

[0017] (1) The decoking agent with safe ingredients provided by the present invention has significant safety and high efficiency compared to traditional decoking agents. By adopting nitrate fertilizer that has undergone explosion-proof modification as the main component, the present invention not only retains the decoking effect of nitrate, but also significantly improves the safety of the decoking agent, reduces operating risks and production costs. In addition, the decoking agent can also effectively remove dust and coke on the heating surface, improve the heat exchange efficiency of the boiler, reduce energy consumption, and extend the service life of the boiler, thereby bringing significant economic benefits to the enterprise.

[0018] (2) The decoking agent provided by the present invention has safe ingredients. The potassium nitrate fertilizer in the raw material not only contains nitrate components, but also is rich in potassium. Potassium has good combustion-supporting and catalytic effects in chemical reactions, which can accelerate the combustion and decomposition of coke blocks. Secondly, boric acid has good anti-corrosion and anti-oxidation properties. During the decoking process, it can protect the boiler heating surface from corrosion and oxidation, thereby extending the service life of the boiler. At the same time, boric acid can also promote the decomposition and shedding of coke blocks, thereby improving the decoking effect.

[0019] (3) The present invention provides a method for preparing a descorching agent with safe ingredients. During the preparation process, the present invention ensures the stability and uniformity of the descorching agent through precise formula and preparation steps, thereby improving its use effect. At the same time, the preparation method is simple and easy to understand, easy to operate, and easy to realize industrial production. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying creative work.

[0021] Figure 1 is a comparison diagram of coke blocks before and after spraying a decoking agent according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 1 is a composition diagram of element contents before and after spraying the decoking agent according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but they must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in this field to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0024] 1. Preparation Example

[0025] Example 1

[0026] A descorching agent with safe ingredients comprises the following components by weight: 16 parts of potassium nitrate fertilizer; 32 parts of ammonium sulfate fertilizer; 24 parts of boric acid; 8 parts of copper nitrate; 520 parts of deionized water; and 200 parts of ammonium nitrate phosphate fertilizer.

[0027] A method for preparing a descorching agent with safe ingredients comprises the following steps:

[0028] S1. Add deionized water to the reaction vessel, then slowly add potassium nitrate fertilizer, lower the solution temperature, and after the solution returns to room temperature, add ammonium sulfate fertilizer and stir for 5 minutes to ensure full dissolution;

[0029] S2. Add ammonium nitrate phosphate and copper nitrate to the mixed solution, and the solution turns blue;

[0030] S3. Add boric acid to the mixed solution and stir again for 5 minutes to ensure that the solution is mixed evenly.

[0031] Example 2

[0032] A descorching agent with safe ingredients comprises the following components by weight: 24 parts of potassium nitrate fertilizer, 40 parts of ammonium sulfate fertilizer, 40 parts of boric acid, 16 parts of copper nitrate, 560 parts of deionized water and 120 parts of ammonium nitrate phosphate fertilizer.

[0033] The preparation method of the descorching agent is the same as that of Example 1.

[0034] Example 3

[0035] A descorching agent with safe ingredients comprises the following components by weight: 12 parts of aluminum nitrate; 20 parts of potassium nitrate fertilizer; 20 parts of ammonium sulfate fertilizer; 28 parts of boric acid; 20 parts of copper nitrate; 550 parts of deionized water; and 150 parts of ammonium nitrate phosphate fertilizer.

[0036] A method for preparing a descorching agent with safe ingredients comprises the following steps:

[0037] S1. Add deionized water to the reaction vessel, then slowly add potassium nitrate fertilizer, lower the solution temperature, and after the solution returns to room temperature, add ammonium sulfate fertilizer and stir for 5 minutes to ensure full dissolution;

[0038] S2. Add ammonium nitrate phosphate and aluminum nitrate to the mixed solution, and then add copper nitrate, and the solution turns blue;

[0039] S3. Add boric acid to the mixed solution and stir again for 5 minutes to ensure that the solution is mixed evenly.

[0040] Example 4

[0041] A descorching agent with safe ingredients comprises the following components by weight: 16 parts of aluminum nitrate; 16 parts of potassium nitrate fertilizer; 24 parts of ammonium sulfate fertilizer; 40 parts of boric acid; 24 parts of copper nitrate; 520 parts of deionized water; and 160 parts of ammonium nitrate phosphate fertilizer.

[0042] The preparation method of the descorching agent is the same as that of Example 3.

[0043] Example 5

[0044] A descorching agent with safe ingredients comprises the following components by weight: 20 parts of aluminum nitrate; 12 parts of potassium nitrate fertilizer; 30 parts of ammonium sulfate fertilizer; 28 parts of boric acid; 10 parts of copper nitrate; 500 parts of deionized water; and 200 parts of ammonium nitrate phosphate fertilizer.

[0045] The preparation method of the descorching agent is the same as that of Example 3.

[0046] 2. Test Examples

[0047] The decoking agents prepared in Example 1 and Example 3 were tested in a waste incineration power plant in Sichuan. The test period was 2 months, and the same area was sprayed every two days. The test results of the decoking agent prepared in Example 1 are as follows: Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the color of the coke changes, and its structure becomes brittle and easy to fall off. Aluminum nitrate has two effects: first, its aluminum ions have a high ionic potential and easily form polymers with oxygen elements, thereby reducing the fluidity of the ash and increasing the melting point; second, nitrate ions produce micro-explosion, making the coke easier to fall off. Experiments have shown that using fertilizers instead of nitrates can achieve good results even without adding aluminum nitrate.

[0048] The elemental composition of the coke blocks before and after spraying the decoking agent was tested using an X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (XRF). Figure 2 The analysis showed that the contents of C and K increased significantly, by about 250% and 200% respectively. At the same time, the contents of Na, Cu and S also increased significantly, ranging from 20% to 60%, matching the elemental composition of the decoking agent. After spraying the decoking agent, the element distribution in the coke block changed significantly, which in turn affected the structure of the coke block, making it more fragile and easy to fall off.

[0049] The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected. The scope of the present invention to be protected is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A descorching agent with safe ingredients, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: Potassium nitrate fertilizer: 12-20 parts; ammonium sulfate fertilizer: 20-35 parts; boric acid: 20-40 parts; copper nitrate: 8-25 parts; deionized water: 500-550 parts; ammonium nitrate phosphate fertilizer: 100-200 parts.

2. The safe descorching agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: Potassium nitrate fertilizer: 16 parts; ammonium sulfate fertilizer: 24 parts; boric acid: 40 parts; copper nitrate: 24 parts; deionized water: 520 parts; ammonium nitrate phosphate fertilizer: 160 parts.

3. The safe descorching agent according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The raw materials also include 12 to 20 parts of aluminum nitrate.

4. A method for preparing a decoking agent with safe ingredients, for preparing the decoking agent with safe ingredients as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Add deionized water to the reaction vessel, then slowly add potassium nitrate fertilizer, the solution temperature is lowered, after the solution returns to room temperature, add ammonium sulfate fertilizer, and stir for 5 to 10 minutes to ensure full dissolution; S2. Add ammonium nitrate phosphate and aluminum nitrate to the mixed solution, and then add copper nitrate, and the solution turns blue; S3. Add boric acid to the mixed solution and stir again for 5 to 10 minutes to ensure that the solution is evenly mixed.

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