Tunnel boring machine and propelling cutter head thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel boring machines, and discloses a tunnel boring machine and a propelling cutterhead thereof, according to the stress area distribution characteristics of a tunneling cutter head, a push block type cutter head detection structure is adopted, a cutter head detection sensor performs contact detection by detecting a push block and a circumferential stress part of the tunneling cutter head, and the propelling cutterhead is used for propelling the tunneling machine. The integrity of the cutting edge part of the tunneling tool bit can be monitored in real time, the health state of the tunneling tool bit can be monitored in real time through detection, and when large-area compact rock stratum tunneling is carried out, the structural strength of the rock stratum can be reduced through trepanning by means of the water jet effect provided by the high-pressure spray head; a pressure dividing type communicating structure is adopted, a pressure dividing communicating block is used for pushing through a pressure dividing area, automatic switching of a low-pressure mode and a high-pressure mode of a high-pressure spray head can be conducted, and an auxiliary limiting turning plate is arranged on the end side of a second hydraulic push rod; and auxiliary limiting reinforcement can be provided for the equipment at the transposition connection position, and the occurrence of equipment slipping accidents can be effectively avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel boring machines, in particular to a tunnel boring machine and a propulsion cutter head thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the national economy, the urbanization process is accelerating, which leads to the need for a large number of tunnel boring machines for domestic urban subway tunnels, hydraulic tunnels, cross-river tunnels, railway tunnels, highway tunnels, municipal pipelines and other tunnel projects. Tunnel boring machines are a highly intelligent major technical equipment for tunnel construction that integrates mechanical, electrical, hydraulic, optical and computer technologies. Tunnel boring machines integrate drilling, excavation and support, and use electronic, information, telemetry, remote control and other high-tech technologies to guide and monitor all operations, which can ensure the accuracy of excavation construction. It uses a rotary cutter to excavate, crush the surrounding rock in the hole and excavate to form the entire tunnel section. It is a new and advanced tunnel construction machinery.

[0003] The thrust cutter disc is the main excavation component of the tunnel boring machine. The alloy cutter heads evenly distributed on the upper part complete the rock crushing construction. The state of the alloy cutter heads as the crushing structure of the rock wall plays a key role in the operation of the main body of the equipment. Due to the hard contact between the cutter heads and the rock wall, the alloy cutter heads are very easy to be damaged when excavating high-hardness rock formations. The damage of the cutter heads not only affects the excavation operation but also easily causes damage to the equipment due to the breakage of the cutter heads. Although there is a pressure detection sensor on the upper part of the cutter disc of the existing tunnel boring machine, it is unable to effectively detect the state of the cutter heads. Moreover, when excavating large blocks of dense rock formations, due to the high strength of the rock formation structure, the crushing effect of relying solely on the cutter heads is not good and it is easy to cause excessive wear of the cutter heads, resulting in poor construction effect. Therefore, a tunnel boring machine and a thrust cutter disc thereof are proposed. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a tunnel boring machine and a propulsion cutter head thereof to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a tunnel boring machine and a propulsion cutter disc thereof, comprising an excavation drive unit, a propulsion support unit and a cutter disc mechanism, wherein the excavation drive unit is installed at the front of the propulsion support unit for driving the excavation of the cutter disc mechanism, a first limiting side seat and a second limiting side seat are installed on the side of the middle of the excavation drive unit and the propulsion support unit, and a crushed stone conveying seat and a material discharging conveying belt are respectively arranged in the middle of the excavation drive unit and the propulsion support unit;

[0006] The rear part of the excavation drive unit is provided with a second hydraulic push rod for being installed with the propulsion support unit, the propulsion support unit is installed at the rear part of the excavation drive unit by being pulled by the second hydraulic push rod, the side of the second hydraulic push rod is turned over and equipped with an auxiliary limit flap, and the front part of the excavation drive unit is provided with a driving pedestal and a first hydraulic push rod for being installed with the cutter head mechanism;

[0007] The cutter disc mechanism is used for cutting and excavating a tunnel. The cutter disc mechanism includes an excavation cutter disc, an excavation cutter head, a cutter head detection sensor, a detection mounting seat and a water jet assembly. The excavation cutter disc is rotatably mounted on the front part of the driving pedestal under the push of a first hydraulic push rod. The excavation cutter head is rotatably mounted on the upper part of the excavation cutter disc. The cutter head detection sensor is mounted on the rear part of the excavation cutter head through a detection mounting seat. The detection end of the cutter head detection sensor is installed with a detection push block that is installed in contact with the peripheral side of the excavation cutter head. The water jet assembly includes a first spray seat, a second spray seat and a rotary connector. The first spray seat and the second spray seat are connected and installed on the upper part of the excavation cutter disc through a rotary connector. The upper parts of the first spray seat and the second spray seat are both provided with high-pressure nozzles, and the water supply connecting sides of the first spray seat and the second spray seat are both provided with pressure-dividing connecting blocks.

[0008] Preferably, the lower parts of the above-mentioned excavation drive unit and the propulsion support unit are both provided with supporting rail wheels, the second hydraulic push rods are arranged in pairs, and two groups of the second hydraulic push rods are respectively installed on both sides of the joint between the excavation drive unit and the propulsion support unit through hinge seats.

[0009] Preferably, the above-mentioned first hydraulic push rod is used for the working propulsion and steering drive of the excavation cutter disc. A plurality of the first hydraulic push rods are provided, and several of the first hydraulic push rods are symmetrically installed on the docking side of the excavation drive unit and the drive pedestal. The drive pedestal is movably installed on the front of the excavation drive unit under the drive of the first hydraulic push rods.

[0010] Preferably, a hydraulic driving structure is provided inside the driving pedestal, and the excavation cutter disc is rotatably mounted on the front part of the driving pedestal under the drive of the hydraulic driving structure. A plurality of excavation cutter heads are provided, and a cutter head mounting seat is provided on the upper part of the excavation cutter disc. Several of the excavation cutter heads are freely rotatably mounted on the upper part of the excavation cutter disc in a staggered ring shape through the cutter head mounting seat, and a gravel collection port is provided on the peripheral side of the excavation cutter disc.

[0011] Preferably, the detection mounting seat is fixedly mounted on the rear part of the cutter head mounting seat by bolts, the detection mounting seat is engaged with the rear part of the tunneling cutter head through a slot arranged at the front, the cutter head detection sensor is fixedly engaged with the middle part of the detection mounting seat, the detection push block is fixedly mounted on the detection push rod end of the cutter head detection sensor, the detection push block is movably mounted on the detection mounting seat through the slot guide, and the front side of the detection push block is movably contacted with the outer peripheral side of the tunneling cutter head.

[0012] Preferably, the above-mentioned rotary connector is fixedly installed inside the driving base through a bracket, the first spray seat and the second spray seat are fixedly installed on both sides of the middle part of the excavation cutter disc by bolts respectively, and the rotating connecting part of the rotary connector is connected and installed with the liquid inlet interface at the rear of the first spray seat and the second spray seat through a pipeline.

[0013] Preferably, the high-pressure nozzles are evenly arranged at the front of the first spray seat and the second spray seat, the high-pressure nozzles penetrate the excavation cutter disc, a spray hole is arranged in the middle of the high-pressure nozzles, and the outer peripheral side of the high-pressure nozzles is evenly and obliquely arranged with spray holes in a circular shape. The pressure-dividing connecting block is movably fitted on the inner side of the liquid inlet interface, and a limiting spring is installed on the end side of the pressure-dividing connecting block. A connecting hole is penetrated in the middle of the pressure-dividing connecting block, and the pressure-dividing connecting block is respectively connected to the channels corresponding to the spray holes and the injection holes when the water is in low-pressure and high-pressure states.

[0014] Preferably, the above-mentioned first limiting side seats and second limiting side seats are arranged in pairs, and two groups of the first limiting side seats are movably and telescopically installed on both sides of the middle part of the excavation drive part, and two groups of the second limiting side seats are movably and telescopically installed on both sides of the middle part of the propulsion support part, and side seat driving cylinders are installed on the sides of the first limiting side seats and the second limiting side seats.

[0015] Preferably, a flap driving arm is fixedly installed on the inner side of the above-mentioned guide push support, the auxiliary limiting flap is hingedly installed on the rear part of the excavation drive part through the flap driving arm, the guide push support is fixedly installed on the end side of the second hydraulic push rod, and a guide wheel is rotatably installed on the upper part of the flap driving arm, and the guide wheel is in contact with the guide push support for support when the support is unfolded.

[0016] Preferably, a reset push block is provided at the hinged side end of the above-mentioned flap drive arm, and a push spring is installed on the inner side of the reset push block. A limit column for limiting the flipping of the flap drive arm is provided on the side of the excavation drive part.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention adopts the above technical solution and has the following technical effects:

[0018] 1. According to the stress distribution characteristics of the tunneling cutter head, this tunneling machine adopts a push-block cutter head detection structure. The cutter head detection sensor is installed on the rear of the tunneling cutter head using a detection mounting seat. The cutter head detection sensor performs contact detection between the push block and the circumferential stress-bearing part of the tunneling cutter head, and can monitor the integrity of the circumferential blade of the tunneling cutter head in real time. The structure is simple and the operation is reliable. The health status of the tunneling cutter head can be monitored in real time through detection, and cutter head damage can be discovered in time, which is conducive to improving the working stability of the device.

[0019] 2. A water jet assembly is arranged on the upper part of the tunneling cutter disc. When tunneling a large area of ​​dense rock formation, the water jet effect provided by the high-pressure nozzle can reduce the structural strength of the rock formation by opening holes. In cooperation with the tunneling cutter head, the dense rock formation can be efficiently crushed and tunneled, which can reduce the wear of the tunneling cutter head while improving the tunneling efficiency. The high-pressure nozzle adopts a pressure-dividing connection structure. The pressure-dividing connection block can be used to push the pressure-dividing zone to automatically switch between low and high pressure dual modes of the high-pressure nozzle. In the low-pressure state, the spray holes on the side of the high-pressure nozzle are connected to spray and cool the tunneling cutter disc. In the high-pressure state, the spray holes in the middle of the high-pressure nozzle are connected to open holes in the rock formation. The structure is simple and the operation is reliable.

[0020] 3. An auxiliary limit flap is arranged on the end side of the second hydraulic push rod. The movement of the end of the second hydraulic push rod is used as the driving force. With the guiding function of the guide support, the auxiliary limit flap can be guided and expanded after the second hydraulic push rod is retracted. Through the push and limit of the auxiliary limit flap, when the equipment is pushed forward on the slope, auxiliary limit reinforcement can be provided for the equipment at the transposition connection point, which can effectively avoid the occurrence of equipment slipping accidents and further improve the emergency protection safety of the device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall front three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall rear three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the overall working installation structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the cutter disc mechanism of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the tunneling cutter head of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the cutter head detection sensor of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the water jet assembly of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the rear structure of the water jet assembly of the present invention;

[0030] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the partial cross-sectional structure of the water supply interface of the present invention;

[0031] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the working installation structure of the second hydraulic push rod of the present invention;

[0032] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the working installation structure of the auxiliary limiting flap of the present invention.

[0033] Explanation of the reference numerals in the accompanying drawings: 1. Excavation drive unit; 2. Propulsion support unit; 3. Excavation cutter disc; 4. Excavation cutter head; 5. Cutter head detection sensor; 6. Detection mounting seat; 7. Detection push block; 8. Cutter head mounting seat; 9. First spray seat; 10. Second spray seat; 11. Rotary connector; 12. High-pressure nozzle; 13. Pressure-sharing connecting block; 14. Limiting spring; 15. Connecting hole; 16. Driving seat; 17. First hydraulic push rod; 18. Second hydraulic push rod; 19. Gravel conveying seat; 20. Discharge conveyor belt; 21. First limiting side seat; 22. Second limiting side seat; 23. Side seat driving cylinder; 24. Auxiliary limiting flap; 25. Flap driving arm; 26. Push spring; 27. Limiting column; 28. Push guide support; 29. ​​Gravel collecting port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in the drawings of this specification are only used to match the contents disclosed in the specification for people familiar with this technology to understand and read, and are not used to limit the conditions under which this application can be implemented. Therefore, they have no substantive technical significance. Any structural modification, change in proportional relationship or adjustment of size should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in this application without affecting the effects and purposes that can be achieved by this application.

[0036] Example

[0037] See also Figure 1-11 The present invention provides a technical solution: a tunnel boring machine and its propulsion cutter disc, comprising a tunneling drive unit 1, a propulsion support unit 2 and a cutter disc mechanism, wherein the tunneling drive unit 1 is installed at the front of the propulsion support unit 2 for driving the cutter disc mechanism, as shown in the attached Figure 1 As shown, in order to facilitate the mobile support of the equipment, support rail wheels are arranged at the bottom of the excavation drive unit 1 and the propulsion support unit 2. In order to provide driving force for the excavation and movement of the equipment, a second hydraulic push rod 18 for being installed with the propulsion support unit 2 is arranged at the rear of the excavation drive unit 1. Specifically, as shown in the attached Figure 3 As shown, the second hydraulic push rods 18 are arranged in pairs, and the two groups of second hydraulic push rods 18 are respectively installed on both sides of the joint between the excavation drive part 1 and the propulsion support part 2 through hinge seats. The propulsion support part 2 is installed at the rear of the excavation drive part 1 by being pulled by the second hydraulic push rods 18.

[0038] In order to transport and discharge the crushed stone materials, a crushed stone conveying seat 19 and a discharge conveyor belt 20 are respectively arranged in the middle of the excavation drive part 1 and the propulsion support part 2. The discharge conveyor belt 20 is arranged on the lower side of the middle part of the propulsion support part 2, and the material port side is docked with the discharge side of the crushed stone conveying seat 19, so that the crushed stone materials can be efficiently transported and discharged. In order to realize the propulsion transposition support of the equipment, a first limiting side seat 21 and a second limiting side seat 22 are respectively installed on the side of the middle part of the excavation drive part 1 and the propulsion support part 2, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 3 As shown, the first limiting side seat 21 and the second limiting side seat 22 are arranged in pairs, and the two groups of first limiting side seats 21 are movably and telescopically installed on both sides of the middle part of the excavation drive part 1, and the two groups of second limiting side seats 22 are movably and telescopically installed on both sides of the middle part of the propulsion support part 2. In order to carry out expansion drive of the first limiting side seat 21 and the second limiting side seat 22, side seat driving cylinders 23 are installed on the sides of the first limiting side seat 21 and the second limiting side seat 22.

[0039] In order to improve the working safety of the device, an auxiliary limit flap 24 is installed on the side of the second hydraulic push rod 18. Fig.10As shown, a flap driving arm 25 is fixedly installed on the inner side of the guide support 28, and the auxiliary limit flap 24 is hingedly installed on the rear part of the excavation drive part 1 through the flap driving arm 25. Fig.11 As shown, the guide support 28 is fixedly installed on the end side of the second hydraulic push rod 18. In order to realize the action drive of the flap driving arm 25, a guide wheel is rotatably installed on the upper part of the flap driving arm 25. When the support is unfolded, the guide wheel contacts and supports the guide support 28, and the end movement of the second hydraulic push rod 18 is used as the driving force. With the guide effect of the guide support 28, the auxiliary limit flap 24 can be guided and unfolded after the second hydraulic push rod 18 is retracted. Through the push limit of the auxiliary limit flap 24, when the equipment is moving forward on the slope , can provide auxiliary limiting reinforcement for the equipment at the transposition connection point, can effectively avoid the occurrence of equipment slipping accidents, and further improve the emergency protection safety of the device. In order to facilitate the return and reset of the auxiliary limiting flap 24, a reset push block is provided at the hinged side end of the flap driving arm 25, and a push spring 26 is installed on the inner side of the reset push block. In order to ensure that the flap driving arm 25 does not contact the push rod part of the second hydraulic push rod 18 after being reset, a limit column 27 for the flipping limit of the flap driving arm 25 is provided on the side of the excavation drive part 1.

[0040] In order to drive the cutterhead mechanism forward, a drive pedestal 16 and a first hydraulic push rod 17 for being installed with the cutterhead mechanism forward are provided at the front of the excavation drive unit 1. Figure 3 As shown, the first hydraulic push rod 17 is used for the working propulsion and steering drive of the tunneling cutter disc 3. A plurality of first hydraulic push rods 17 are provided, and several first hydraulic push rods 17 are symmetrically installed on the docking side of the tunneling drive unit 1 and the driving pedestal 16. The driving pedestal 16 is movably installed on the front part of the tunneling drive unit 1 under the drive of the first hydraulic push rod 17, and can perform flexible steering and propulsion work.

[0041] The cutterhead mechanism is used for cutting and excavating the tunnel. The cutterhead mechanism includes an excavation cutterhead 3, an excavation cutter head 4, a cutter head detection sensor 5, a detection mounting seat 6 and a water jet assembly. In order to rotationally drive the excavation cutterhead 3, a hydraulic drive structure is arranged inside the driving seat 16. The hydraulic drive structure includes a plurality of hydraulic motors meshed with the inner gear ring. The excavation cutterhead 3 is rotated and mounted on the front of the driving seat 16 under the drive of the hydraulic drive structure. The excavation cutterhead 3 is rotated and mounted on the front of the driving seat 16 under the drive of the first hydraulic push rod 17 to perform tunnel excavation work. Figure 4 As shown, a plurality of excavation cutter heads 4 are provided. In order to facilitate the connection and installation of the excavation cutter heads 4, a cutter head mounting seat 8 is provided on the upper part of the excavation cutter disc 3. Several excavation cutter heads 4 are freely rotatably mounted on the upper part of the excavation cutter disc 3 in a ring-shaped staggered manner through the cutter head mounting seat 8. In order to facilitate the recovery of crushed stone materials, a crushed stone collection port 29 is provided on the peripheral side of the excavation cutter disc 3.

[0042] In order to monitor the state of the tunneling cutter head 4 in real time, the cutter head detection sensor 5 is installed at the rear of the tunneling cutter head 4 through the detection mounting seat 6. Specifically, as shown in the attached Figure 5 As shown, the detection mounting seat 6 is fixedly mounted on the rear of the cutter head mounting seat 8 by bolts. The detection mounting seat 6 is mounted in a chiseled manner with the rear of the excavation cutter head 4 through a notch provided at the front, so that the excess soil particles adhering to the upper part of the excavation cutter head 4 can be removed. The cutter head detection sensor 5 is fixedly mounted in a chiseled manner in the middle of the detection mounting seat 6. Figure 6 As shown, the detection push block 7 is fixedly mounted on the detection push rod end of the cutter head detection sensor 5. The detection end of the cutter head detection sensor 5 is installed with a detection push block 7 which is installed in contact with the peripheral side of the tunneling cutter head 4. The detection push block 7 is movably installed with the detection mounting seat 6 through the slot guide. The front side of the detection push block 7 is in movably contact with the outer peripheral side of the tunneling cutter head 4. A push-block type cutter head detection structure is adopted. The cutter head detection sensor 5 is installed on the rear part of the tunneling cutter head 4 using the detection mounting seat 6. The cutter head detection sensor 5 performs contact detection with the circumferential force-bearing part of the tunneling cutter head 4 through the detection push block 7. The integrity of the circumferential blade part of the tunneling cutter head 4 can be monitored in real time. The structure is simple and the operation is reliable. The health status of the tunneling cutter head 4 can be monitored in real time through detection. Cutter head damage can be discovered in time, which is conducive to improving the working stability of the device.

[0043] The water jet assembly includes a first spray seat 9, a second spray seat 10 and a rotary connector 11. The first spray seat 9 and the second spray seat 10 are connected and installed on the upper part of the excavation cutter head 3 through the rotary connector 11. Specifically, as shown in the attached Figure 7 As shown, the rotary connector 11 is fixedly installed inside the driving pedestal 16 through a bracket, and the first spray seat 9 and the second spray seat 10 are fixedly installed on both sides of the middle of the excavation cutter disc 3 by bolts. The rotary connector 11 is a high-pressure water rotary joint. The rotary connecting part of the rotary connector 11 is connected and installed with the liquid inlet interface at the rear of the first spray seat 9 and the second spray seat 10 through a pipeline, so as to realize the stable water supply to the spray seat when the excavation cutter disc 3 rotates. In order to realize the spraying and injection of water, high-pressure nozzles 12 are arranged on the upper parts of the first spray seat 9 and the second spray seat 10. The high-pressure nozzles 12 are evenly arranged in front of the first spray seat 9 and the second spray seat 10. The high-pressure nozzles 12 penetrate the excavation cutter disc 3. A spray hole is arranged in the middle of the high-pressure nozzles 12. The outer peripheral side of the high-pressure nozzles 12 is evenly and obliquely arranged with spray holes in a circular shape. A water jet assembly is arranged on the upper part of the excavation cutter disc 3. When excavating large blocks of dense rock formations, the water jet effect provided by the high-pressure nozzles 12 can reduce the structural strength of the rock formation by opening holes. In conjunction with the excavation cutter head 4, the dense rock formation can be efficiently crushed and excavated, which can improve the excavation efficiency and reduce the wear of the excavation cutter head 4.

[0044] In order to achieve alternating connection of water and liquid, a pressure dividing connection block 13 is provided on the water supply connection side of the first spray seat 9 and the second spray seat 10. Fig. 9 As shown, the pressure-dividing connecting block 13 is movably fitted on the inner side of the liquid inlet interface, and the end side of the pressure-dividing connecting block 13 is abutted against the installation of a limit spring 14. A connecting hole 15 is provided through the middle of the pressure-dividing connecting block 13. The pressure-dividing connecting block 13 is connected with the channels corresponding to the spray hole and the injection hole when the water is in low-pressure and high-pressure states, respectively. The high-pressure nozzle 12 adopts a pressure-dividing connecting structure. The pressure-dividing connecting block 13 is used to push the pressure-dividing zone to automatically switch the low- and high-pressure dual modes of the high-pressure nozzle 12. In the low-pressure state, the spray holes on the side of the high-pressure nozzle 12 are connected to spray and cool the excavation cutter head 3. In the high-pressure state, the injection holes in the middle of the high-pressure nozzle 12 are connected to open the rock formation. The structure is simple and the operation is reliable.

[0045] Working principle or structural principle, when excavating, the first limiting side seat 21 cooperates with the second limiting side seat 22 to provide propulsion support for the equipment, and cooperates with the pushing of the first hydraulic push rod 17 and the second hydraulic push rod 18 to provide excavation pushing force for the excavation cutter disc 3. When working, the excavation cutter disc 3 rotates at a uniform speed. Under the thrust provided by the first hydraulic push rod 17 and the second hydraulic push rod 18, the excavation cutter head 4 performs rotational cutting on the front rock formation, and the rock formation is crushed by the partitioned cutting and pressing to realize the excavation work. The crushed stones are transported to the discharging conveyor belt 20 through the crushed stone conveying seat 19, and then transported and discharged backward by the discharging conveyor belt 20;

[0046] During conventional excavation work, low-pressure water is connected and diverted into the inner side of the first spray seat 9 and the second spray seat 10 via the rotary connector 11. In the low-pressure state, the connected water pressure cannot overcome the thrust of the limit spring 14. The push of the limit spring 14 makes the pressure-dividing connecting block 13 in the low-pressure connecting position. In the low-pressure state, the spray holes on the side of the high-pressure nozzle 12 are connected to spray and cool the excavation cutter head 3. When excavating large rock formations, the excavation cutter head 3 stops rotating after it is in place. At this time, the high-pressure water is connected and diverted via the rotary connector 11. The flow is transported into the inner side of the first spray seat 9 and the second spray seat 10. In the high-pressure state, the connected water pressure is much greater than that in the low-pressure state. Under the action of high pressure, the thrust of the limit spring 14 is overcome to make the pressure-dividing connecting block 13 move backward and communicate with the injection hole in the middle of the high-pressure nozzle 12. The middle part of the rock formation is opened by the high-pressure water flow in combination with cutting and sandblasting. The structural strength of the rock formation is reduced by opening the hole. After that, the excavation cutter disc 3 rotates in combination with the excavation cutter head 4 to efficiently crush and excavate the dense rock formation, thereby improving the excavation efficiency and reducing the wear of the excavation cutter head 4.

[0047] When the equipment is excavated and pushed, the second limit side seat 22 on the upper part of the push support part 2 is retracted and stored, and then the second hydraulic push rod 18 is retracted to drive the push support part 2 to move forward. When the second hydraulic push rod 18 is retracted to the lowest position, the guide wheel on the inner side of the auxiliary limit flap 24 rolls and presses against the inclined side of the guide support 28. Under the push action, the auxiliary limit flap 24 is turned over and unfolded to press and engage with the side wall of the tunnel. Then the second limit side seat 22 is unfolded to support. Then, when the first limit side seat 21 retracts and resets. During the limit connection process, the auxiliary limit flap 24 cooperates with the second limit side seat 22 to provide double anti-slip limit protection for the equipment, which can effectively avoid the occurrence of equipment slippage accidents. After that, the second hydraulic push rod 18 cooperates with the first hydraulic push rod 17 to drive the excavation forward. When the second hydraulic push rod 18 pushes forward, the forward push guide wheel is separated from the upper part of the guide support 28 and is pushed by the push spring 26 and the displacement of the tunnel side wall to cause the auxiliary limit flap 24 to automatically retract and reset.

[0048] In summary, according to the stress area distribution characteristics of the tunneling cutter head 4, the tunneling machine adopts a push-block type cutter head detection structure, and uses the detection mounting seat 6 to install the cutter head detection sensor 5 on the rear part of the tunneling cutter head 4. The cutter head detection sensor 5 detects the contact between the push block 7 and the circumferential stress-bearing part of the tunneling cutter head 4, and can monitor the integrity of the peripheral blade part of the tunneling cutter head 4 in real time. The structure is simple and the operation is reliable. The health status of the tunneling cutter head 4 can be monitored in real time through detection, and the damage of the cutter head can be discovered in time, which is conducive to improving the working stability of the device. A water jet assembly is arranged on the upper part of the tunneling cutter disc 3. When tunneling a large block of dense rock formation, the water jet effect provided by the high-pressure nozzle 12 can reduce the structural strength of the rock formation by opening holes. In combination with the tunneling cutter head 4, the dense rock formation can be efficiently crushed and tunneled, which can reduce the wear of the tunneling cutter head 4 while improving the tunneling efficiency, and the high-pressure nozzle 12 adopts By using a pressure-dividing connecting structure, the pressure-dividing connecting block 13 is utilized to push the pressure-dividing zone to automatically switch between the low and high pressure dual modes of the high-pressure sprinkler 12. In the low-pressure state, the spray holes on the sides of the high-pressure sprinkler 12 are connected to spray and cool the excavation cutter head 3. In the high-pressure state, the spray holes in the middle of the high-pressure sprinkler 12 are connected to open holes in the rock formation. The structure is simple and the operation is reliable. An auxiliary limiting flap 24 is provided on the end side of the second hydraulic push rod 18. The movement of the end of the second hydraulic push rod 18 is used as a driving force. In combination with the guiding effect of the guiding support 28, the auxiliary limiting flap 24 can be guided and expanded after the second hydraulic push rod 18 is retracted. Through the push and limit of the auxiliary limiting flap 24, when the equipment is advancing forward on the slope, auxiliary limiting reinforcement can be provided for the equipment at the transposition joint, which can effectively avoid the occurrence of equipment slippage accidents and further improve the emergency protection safety of the device.

[0049] It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the features described in the various embodiments and / or claims of the present invention may be combined and / or combined in various ways, even if such combinations and / or combinations are not explicitly described in the present invention. In particular, the features described in the various embodiments and / or claims of the present invention may be combined and / or combined in various ways without departing from the spirit and teachings of the present invention. All of these combinations and / or combinations fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel boring machine and a propulsion cutter head thereof, comprising a tunneling drive unit (1), a propulsion support unit (2) and a cutter head mechanism, characterized in that: The excavation drive unit (1) is installed at the front of the propulsion support unit (2) for driving the cutter head mechanism for excavation, and the middle sides of the excavation drive unit (1) and the propulsion support unit (2) are respectively installed with a first limiting side seat (21) and a second limiting side seat (22), and the middle parts of the excavation drive unit (1) and the propulsion support unit (2) are respectively provided with a crushed stone conveying seat (19) and a material discharge conveying belt (20); The rear part of the excavation drive unit (1) is provided with a second hydraulic push rod (18) for being installed in a propulsion manner with the propulsion support unit (2); the propulsion support unit (2) is installed in the rear part of the excavation drive unit (1) by being pulled by the second hydraulic push rod (18); an auxiliary limit flap (24) is installed on the side of the second hydraulic push rod (18); and the front part of the excavation drive unit (1) is provided with a drive pedestal (16) and a first hydraulic push rod (17) for being installed in a propulsion manner with the cutter head mechanism; The cutterhead mechanism is used for cutting and excavating a tunnel. The cutterhead mechanism comprises an excavation cutterhead (3), an excavation cutter head (4), a cutter head detection sensor (5), a detection mounting seat (6) and a water jet assembly. The excavation cutterhead (3) is rotatably mounted on the front of a driving pedestal (16) under the push of a first hydraulic push rod (17). The excavation cutter head (4) is rotatably mounted on the upper part of the excavation cutterhead (3). The cutter head detection sensor (5) is mounted on the rear part of the excavation cutter head (4) through the detection mounting seat (6). The detection end of the cutter head detection sensor (5) is mounted on the detection end of the water jet assembly (6). A detection push block (7) is installed in contact with the peripheral side of the excavation cutter head (4). The water jet assembly comprises a first spray seat (9), a second spray seat (10) and a rotary connector (11). The first spray seat (9) and the second spray seat (10) are connected and installed on the upper part of the excavation cutter disc (3) through the rotary connector (11). The upper parts of the first spray seat (9) and the second spray seat (10) are both provided with high-pressure spray heads (12). The water supply connection sides of the first spray seat (9) and the second spray seat (10) are both provided with pressure-dividing connection blocks (13).

2. A tunnel boring machine and its propulsion cutterhead according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower parts of the excavation drive part (1) and the propulsion support part (2) are both provided with supporting rail wheels, and the second hydraulic push rods (18) are arranged in pairs, and two groups of the second hydraulic push rods (18) are respectively installed on both sides of the joint between the excavation drive part (1) and the propulsion support part (2) through hinge seats.

3. A tunnel boring machine and its propulsion cutter disc according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first hydraulic push rod (17) is used for driving the working propulsion and steering of the excavation cutter disc (3). A plurality of the first hydraulic push rods (17) are provided, and a plurality of the first hydraulic push rods (17) are symmetrically installed on the docking side of the excavation drive unit (1) and the drive pedestal (16). The drive pedestal (16) is movably installed on the front of the excavation drive unit (1) under the drive of the first hydraulic push rods (17).

4. A tunnel boring machine and its propulsion cutterhead according to claim 3, characterized in that: A hydraulic drive structure is arranged inside the driving pedestal (16), and the excavation cutter disc (3) is rotatably mounted on the front part of the driving pedestal (16) under the drive of the hydraulic drive structure. A plurality of excavation cutter heads (4) are arranged, and a cutter head mounting seat (8) is arranged on the upper part of the excavation cutter disc (3). The plurality of excavation cutter heads (4) are freely rotatably mounted on the upper part of the excavation cutter disc (3) in a ring-shaped staggered manner through the cutter head mounting seat (8), and a crushed stone collection port (29) is arranged on the peripheral side of the excavation cutter disc (3).

5. A tunnel boring machine and its propulsion cutterhead according to claim 4, characterized in that: The detection mounting seat (6) is fixedly mounted on the rear part of the cutter head mounting seat (8) by means of bolts; the detection mounting seat (6) is mounted in engagement with the rear part of the excavation cutter head (4) through a notch provided at the front; the cutter head detection sensor (5) is fixedly mounted in engagement with the middle part of the detection mounting seat (6); the detection push block (7) is fixedly mounted on the detection push rod end of the cutter head detection sensor (5); the detection push block (7) is movably mounted on the detection mounting seat (6) through the notch guide; and the front side of the detection push block (7) is in movably contact with the outer peripheral side of the excavation cutter head (4).

6. A tunnel boring machine and its propulsion cutterhead according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotary connector (11) is fixedly mounted inside the driving pedestal (16) via a bracket, the first spray seat (9) and the second spray seat (10) are respectively fixedly mounted on both sides of the middle of the excavation cutter disc (3) via bolts, and the rotary connecting portion of the rotary connector (11) is connected to the liquid inlet interface at the rear of the first spray seat (9) and the second spray seat (10) via a pipeline.

7. A tunnel boring machine and its propulsion cutterhead according to claim 6, characterized in that: The high-pressure nozzle (12) is evenly arranged at the front of the first spray seat (9) and the second spray seat (10), the high-pressure nozzle (12) penetrates the excavation cutter disc (3), a spray hole is arranged in the middle of the high-pressure nozzle (12), and the outer peripheral side of the high-pressure nozzle (12) is evenly and obliquely arranged with spray holes in a circular shape. The pressure-dividing connecting block (13) is movably mounted on the inner side of the liquid inlet interface, and the end side of the pressure-dividing connecting block (13) is abutted against and installed with a limit spring (14). The middle of the pressure-dividing connecting block (13) is penetrated by a connecting hole (15), and the pressure-dividing connecting block (13) is respectively connected to the channels corresponding to the spray hole and the spray hole when the water liquid is in a low-pressure state and a high-pressure state.

8. A tunnel boring machine and its propulsion cutterhead according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first limiting side seat (21) and the second limiting side seat (22) are both arranged in pairs, and two groups of the first limiting side seats (21) are respectively movably and telescopically installed on both sides of the middle part of the excavation drive part (1), and two groups of the second limiting side seats (22) are respectively movably and telescopically installed on both sides of the middle part of the propulsion support part (2), and the sides of the first limiting side seat (21) and the second limiting side seat (22) are both installed with side seat driving cylinder bodies (23).

9. A tunnel boring machine and its propulsion cutterhead according to claim 8, characterized in that: A flap driving arm (25) is fixedly mounted on the inner side of the guide push support (28); the auxiliary limit flap (24) is hingedly mounted on the rear part of the excavation drive unit (1) through the flap driving arm (25); the guide push support (28) is fixedly mounted on the end side of the second hydraulic push rod (18); a guide wheel is rotatably mounted on the upper part of the flap driving arm (25); and when the support is unfolded, the guide wheel contacts and supports the guide push support (28).

10. A tunnel boring machine and its propulsion cutterhead according to claim 9, characterized in that: A reset push block is arranged at the hinged side end of the flap drive arm (25), and a push spring (26) is installed on the inner side of the reset push block. A limit column (27) for turning and limiting the flap drive arm (25) is arranged on the side of the excavation drive part (1).

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