Replaceable structure of cable built-in replaceable temperature and humidity vibration sensing optical cable and replacement method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a cable built-in replaceable temperature and humidity vibration sensing optical cable replaceable structure and a replacement method thereof, and relates to the technical field of optical fiber sensing, the cable built-in replaceable temperature and humidity vibration sensing optical cable replaceable structure comprises a sensing optical cable body, a tail lead, a cable body and a replacement mechanism, the two ends of the sensing optical cable body are provided with tail leads, and the replacement mechanisms are located at the two ends of the cable body and replace the sensing optical cable body located in the cable body. The steel strand and the spiral armored tube have the characteristics of strong thermal conductivity, good air permeability, fast temperature and humidity measurement response and external stress isolation, so that the bending resistance and mechanical damage resistance of the optical cable can be improved, the built-in optical fiber bundle can be effectively prevented from being fractured and invalid due to mechanical external force, the survival rate of the optical cable during installation, tension and service can be improved, and the service life of the optical cable is prolonged. And the service life of the sensing optical cable is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of optical fiber sensing technology, and in particular to a replaceable structure of a cable-built-in replaceable temperature, humidity and vibration sensing optical cable and a replacement method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In actual engineering applications, an optical cable is an optical fiber bundle composed of a certain number of optical fibers, which serves as the cable core of the optical cable. The cable core is wrapped with a sheath. The outer side of the sensing optical cable placed inside the cable generally uses PE or PVC material as the outermost sheath, which is prone to wear, bending and cracking, resulting in the breakage of the internal optical fiber. In addition, if the optical cable is broken or does not survive in engineering applications, the optical cable will generally be scrapped and cannot be used or replaced, affecting the service life of the optical cable and the online measurement of physical quantities, greatly reducing the safety of the project. Therefore, the present invention proposes a replaceable structure and replacement method of a cable-built-in replaceable temperature, humidity and vibration sensing optical cable to solve the problems existing in the prior art. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the above problems, the present invention proposes a replaceable structure of a cable-built-in replaceable temperature, humidity and vibration sensing optical cable. The replaceable structure of the cable-built-in replaceable temperature, humidity and vibration sensing optical cable uses steel strands and spiral armor tubes as reinforcements. It has the characteristics of strong thermal conductivity, good air permeability, fast temperature and humidity measurement response, and isolation from external stress. It can improve the bending resistance and mechanical damage resistance of the optical cable, and can effectively prevent the central optical fiber bundle from breaking and failing due to external mechanical forces.

[0004] To achieve the purpose of the present invention, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: a replaceable structure of a cable-built-in replaceable temperature, humidity and vibration sensing optical cable, comprising a sensing optical cable body, a tail lead, a cable body and a replacement mechanism, wherein the sensing optical cable body is detachably installed inside the cable body, and tail leads are provided at both ends of the sensing optical cable body, and the replacement mechanism is located at both ends of the cable body and replaces the sensing optical cable body located inside the cable body; The sensing optical cable body comprises a central optical fiber bundle, a spiral armor tube, steel strands and aramid fibers, the outer side of the central optical fiber bundle is coated with aramid fibers, the outer layer of the aramid fibers is sheathed with a spiral armor tube, and the outer layer of the spiral armor tube is wound with multiple layers of steel strands; The central optical fiber bundle is composed of temperature vibration sensing optical fiber, humidity-sensitive sensing optical fiber and humidity-insensitive sensing optical fiber. The temperature vibration sensing optical fiber is provided with two groups, and the two groups of temperature vibration sensing optical fibers are used for measuring temperature and vibration respectively. The humidity-sensitive sensing optical fiber and the humidity-insensitive sensing optical fiber are provided with one group each, and the humidity-sensitive sensing optical fiber and the humidity-insensitive sensing optical fiber compensate for each other in terms of temperature, humidity and stress. The aramid fiber is coated on the outside of the temperature vibration sensing optical fiber, the humidity-sensitive sensing optical fiber and the humidity-insensitive sensing optical fiber and forms a gap with the spiral armor tube, and the tail lead is bonded to the central optical fiber bundle.

[0005] A further improvement is that the cable body comprises a strand, an anchor cup, an upper connecting tube, an anchoring area, a steel wire, an extruded sheath, an anchor ring, a wire dividing disk and a wrapping tape, the end of the strand is fixed in the upper connecting tube, the strand is formed by twisting multiple groups of steel wires and then using a wrapping tape to shape and limit the strand, the sensing optical cable body is installed in a built-in manner by replacing one group of multiple groups of steel wires in the strand, the outer layer of the wrapping tape is coated with an extruded sheath with a sticky inner surface, one end of the upper connecting tube is threadedly connected to the anchor cup, an anchor ring is provided at the end of the anchor cup, an anchoring area is provided in the upper connecting tube, a wire dividing disk is provided inside the anchor cup, multiple groups of steel wire holes and a group of reserved protection holes are provided on the wire dividing disk, the reserved protection holes are located in the outer ring of the steel wire holes, one end of the steel wire passes through the steel wire hole and is fixed on the wire dividing disk, a metal protection tube is provided in the reserved protection hole, and the sensing optical cable body is inserted into the metal protection tube after the filler in the anchoring area is cured.

[0006] A further improvement is that the replacement mechanism includes a pay-off reel, a take-up reel, a pulley and a wire tube, the pay-off reel and the take-up reel are respectively located at the two ends of the cable, the pay-off reel is wound with a central optical fiber bundle to be replaced, the pay-off end of the pay-off reel and the take-up end of the take-up reel are both provided with pulleys, one end of the wire tube is inserted into the stripping end of the spiral armor tube and fixed by glue, and the inner walls at both ends of the wire tube are provided with guide fillets.

[0007] A further improvement is that the inner diameters of the temperature vibration sensing optical fiber, the humidity sensitive sensing optical fiber and the humidity insensitive sensing optical fiber are all 0.2 mm-0.25 mm, and the inner diameter of the aramid fiber is 0.8 mm-1 mm.

[0008] A further improvement is that the steel strand is made of SUS304 steel and has a wire diameter of 1 mm.

[0009] A further improvement is that the metal protection tube extends from the wire separation disk to the interior of the upper connecting tube, and the tail lead simultaneously passes through the reserved protection hole and is coiled and fixed on one side of the wire separation disk.

[0010] A further improvement is that a tail cable protection cover is provided on the inner side of the anchor cup at a position outside the wire dividing disc, and the tail cable protection cover protects the tail lead.

[0011] The replaceable structure of the above-mentioned built-in replaceable temperature, humidity and vibration sensing optical cable includes the following steps: S1. When the central optical fiber bundle inside the cable needs to be replaced, the tail cable protective cover is opened to pull out the tail lead, and then the steel strands and spiral armor tubes outside the central optical fiber bundle are peeled off in sequence to expose one end of the central optical fiber bundle wrapped by aramid fiber; S2, winding the central optical fiber bundle wrapped by the exposed aramid fiber and the central optical fiber bundle wrapped by the aramid fiber to be installed together, fixing the overlapping parts with glue, and then replacing them through the replacement mechanism; S3. Insert one end of the central optical fiber bundle wrapped by the aramid fiber to be replaced into the wire tube and place it above the pulley, and evenly pull it out along the rotation direction of the take-up reel. Insert one end of the central optical fiber bundle wrapped by the aramid fiber to be installed into the wire tube and place it above the pulley, and evenly release it through the rotation of the pay-off reel. After the central optical fiber bundle wrapped by the aramid fiber passes through the wire tube, the wire tube part is stuffed into the spiral armor tube, and the wire tube and the spiral armor tube are fixed into one by gluing on the outside of the spiral armor tube. At the same time, the central optical fiber bundle and the optical fiber bundle structure to be replaced are bonded into one by gluing, and the central optical fiber bundle to be installed is dragged into the spiral armor tube of the optical cable in a pulling manner to achieve the replacement of the central optical fiber bundle wrapped by the aramid fiber.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the steel strands and spiral armored tubes in the present invention have the characteristics of strong thermal conductivity, good air permeability, fast temperature and humidity measurement response, and isolation from external stress, which can improve the bending resistance and mechanical damage resistance of the optical cable, and can effectively prevent the central optical fiber bundle from being broken and failing due to mechanical external force. At the same time, the survival rate of the sensing optical cable during installation, tensioning, and service can be improved, and the service life of the sensing optical cable can be extended. At the same time, the central optical fiber bundle and aramid fiber can move freely in the spiral armored tube to avoid stress. At the same time, the present invention can be arranged throughout the cable body, and has multi-point measurement, temperature, humidity and vibration. The multi-parameter measurement feature can measure the temperature, humidity and vibration inside the cable along its entire length. It is suitable for main cables and stay cables. In order to ensure that the central optical fiber bundle is not damaged by the metal reinforcement inside the optical cable during the replacement process and to improve the efficiency of the retractable cable, a wire tube with chamfered corners and a pulley are provided in the gap between the central optical fiber bundle to be replaced and the spiral armor tube. The central optical fiber bundle is led out from the spiral armor tube, passes through the wire tube, and is placed above the pulley. This can avoid damage to the aramid fiber on the outside of the central optical fiber bundle during the replacement process, thereby improving the replacement efficiency and the survival rate of the central optical fiber bundle after replacement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional view of the built-in temperature, humidity and vibration sensing optical cable of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a partial explosion of the built-in temperature, humidity and vibration sensing optical cable of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the spiral armored tube structure in the present invention.

[0016] Figure 4 It is an installation cross-sectional view of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the wire separation disk of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the wire tube of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the installation of the wire tube of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 8 It is a working schematic diagram of the replacement mechanism of the present invention.

[0021] Fig. 9 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the cable strand of the present invention.

[0022] Among them: 1. Sensing optical cable body; 2. Cable strand; 3. Tail lead; 4. Cable body; 5. Central optical fiber bundle; 6. Spiral armored tube; 7. Steel strand; 8. Temperature vibration sensing optical fiber; 9. Moisture-sensitive sensing optical fiber; 10. Moisture-insensitive sensing optical fiber; 11. Aramid fiber; 12. Anchor cup; 13. Upper connecting tube; 14. Anchoring area; 15. Steel wire; 16. Extruded sheath; 17. Anchor ring; 18. Wire distribution disk; 19. Wrapping tape; 20. Reserved protection hole; 21. Steel wire hole; 22. Metal protection tube; 23. Pay-off reel; 24. Take-up reel; 25. Pulley; 26. Wire tube; 27. Guide fillet; 28. Tail cable protection cover. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to deepen the understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with examples. The examples are only used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention.

[0024] according to Figure 1-Figure 9As shown, this embodiment proposes a replaceable structure of a cable-built-in replaceable temperature, humidity and vibration sensing optical cable, comprising a sensing optical cable body 1, a tail lead 3, a cable body 4 and a replacement mechanism, wherein the sensing optical cable body 1 is detachably installed inside the cable body 4, and both ends of the sensing optical cable body 1 are provided with tail leads 3, and the replacement mechanism is located at both ends of the cable body 4 and replaces the sensing optical cable body 1 located inside the cable body 4; The sensing optical cable body 1 comprises a central optical fiber bundle 5, a spiral armor tube 6, a steel strand 7 and an aramid fiber 11. The outer side of the central optical fiber bundle 5 is coated with the aramid fiber 11, the outer layer of the aramid fiber 11 is sheathed with a spiral armor tube 6, and the outer layer of the spiral armor tube 6 is wound with multiple layers of steel strands 7. The central optical fiber bundle 5 is composed of a temperature vibration sensing optical fiber 8, a humidity-sensitive sensing optical fiber 9 and a humidity-insensitive sensing optical fiber 10. The temperature vibration sensing optical fiber 8 is provided with two groups, and the two groups of the temperature vibration sensing optical fibers 8 are used for measuring temperature and vibration respectively. The humidity-sensitive sensing optical fiber 9 and the humidity-insensitive sensing optical fiber 10 are provided with one group each, and the humidity-sensitive sensing optical fiber 9 and the humidity-insensitive sensing optical fiber 10 compensate for each other in temperature, humidity and stress. The aramid fiber 11 is coated on the outside of the temperature vibration sensing optical fiber 8, the humidity-sensitive sensing optical fiber 9 and the humidity-insensitive sensing optical fiber 10 and forms a gap with the spiral armor tube 6. The tail lead 3 is bonded to the central optical fiber bundle 5.

[0025] There is a certain gap between the aramid fiber 11 and the spiral armor tube 6, and one or more layers of steel strands 7 are wound around the outside of the spiral armor tube 6, which serve as the outermost metal reinforcement of the optical cable to provide mechanical protection for the optical cable and prevent damage and breakage of the optical cable. At the same time, the twisting between the aramid fiber 11 and the central optical fiber bundle 5 has high impact resistance, crack resistance, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance.

[0026] The cable body 4 includes a cable strand 2, an anchor cup 12, an upper connecting tube 13, an anchoring area 14, a steel wire 15, an extruded sheath 16, an anchor ring 17, a wire dividing disc 18 and a wrapping tape 19. The end of the cable strand 2 is fixed in the upper connecting tube 13. The cable strand 2 is formed by twisting multiple groups of steel wires 15 and then using a wrapping tape 19 to shape and limit the position. The sensing optical cable body 1 is installed in a built-in manner by replacing one group of the multiple groups of steel wires 15 inside the cable strand 2. The outer layer of the wrapping tape 19 is coated with an extruded sheath 16 with a sticky inner surface. One end of the upper connecting tube 13 is fixed to the upper connecting tube 13. The anchor cup 12 is threadedly connected, and an anchor ring 17 is provided at the end of the anchor cup 12. An anchoring area 14 is provided inside the upper anchor cup 12. A wire dividing disk 18 is provided inside the anchor cup 12. A plurality of groups of steel wire holes 21 and a group of reserved protection holes 20 are provided on the wire dividing disk 18. The reserved protection holes 20 are located in the outer circle of the steel wire holes 21. One end of the steel wire 15 passes through the steel wire hole 21 and is fixed on the wire dividing disk 18. A metal protection tube 22 is provided in the reserved protection hole 20. The sensing optical cable body 1 is inserted into the metal protection tube 22 after the filler in the anchoring area 14 is cured.

[0027] The replacement mechanism includes a pay-off reel 23, a take-up reel 24, a pulley 25 and a wire tube 26. The pay-off reel 23 and the take-up reel 24 are respectively located at the two ends of the cable. The central optical fiber bundle 5 to be replaced is wound on the pay-off reel 23. The pay-off end of the pay-off reel 23 and the take-up end of the take-up reel 24 are both provided with a pulley 25. One end of the wire tube 26 is inserted into the stripping end of the spiral armor tube 6 and fixed by glue. The inner walls at both ends of the wire tube 26 are provided with guide fillets 27.

[0028] The inner diameters of the temperature vibration sensing optical fiber 8, the humidity sensitive sensing optical fiber 9 and the humidity insensitive sensing optical fiber 10 are all 0.2 mm-0.25 mm, and the inner diameter of the aramid fiber 11 is 0.8 mm-1 mm.

[0029] The steel strand 7 is made of SUS304 steel, and the wire diameter of the steel strand 7 is 1 mm.

[0030] The inner diameters of the temperature vibration sensing optical fiber 8, the humidity sensitive sensing optical fiber 9 and the humidity insensitive sensing optical fiber 10 are preferably not more than 0.25 mm, and the inner diameter of the aramid fiber 11 is preferably not more than 1 mm. The experimental measurement shows that the force required for pulling a 10 m optical cable is about 1 N, and the linear friction resistance of the aramid fiber 11 is about 0.1 N / m. The longest distance of the main cable is about 5 km, and the corresponding maximum tensile limit load of the aramid fiber 11 is not less than 500 N. The aramid fiber 11 with a wire diameter of 0.25 mm in the material parameters can withstand a maximum load of 220 N. Under the condition that the outer diameter of the aramid fiber 11 is less than or equal to 1 mm, the maximum tensile limit load of the aramid fiber 11 of the corresponding area is much higher than 500 N. The aramid fiber 11 mainly enhances the tensile and bending resistance of the central optical fiber bundle 5. The aramid fiber 11 is the main load-bearing member for pulling and traction in the replaceable process of the present application. The central The core optical fiber bundle 5 and the spiral armor tube 6 are made of 304 stainless steel and have high mechanical strength. A certain space margin is left between the inner wall of the spiral armor tube 6 and the maximum outer diameter of the aramid fiber 11, providing sufficient channel capacity for the overall harness composed of the aramid fiber 11 and the central optical fiber bundle 5, and reducing the friction resistance of replacement. For this reason, the inner diameter of the spiral armor tube 6 is not less than 2.5mm, ensuring that the gap between the inner wall of the spiral armor tube 6 and the outer edge of the optical fiber bundle is not less than 0.75mm, and a spiral gap is provided between adjacent structures of the spiral armor tube 6 to facilitate air flow, which can provide humidity monitoring conditions for the moisture-sensitive sensing optical fiber 9, and the steel strands 7 are arranged on the outside of the spiral armor tube 6 as a reinforcement to provide a certain rigidity for the optical cable. The steel strands 7 are all made of SUS304 with a wire diameter of 1mm, and can be set as a single layer or multiple layers to adapt to the specifications of steel wires 15 with different wire diameters in the cable, replacing 6mm wire diameter steel wires 15 in the main cable and 7mm wire diameter steel wires 15 in the inclined cable.

[0031] The metal protection tube 22 extends from the wire separation disk 18 to the interior of the upper connecting tube 13 , and the tail lead 3 simultaneously passes through the reserved protection hole 20 and is coiled and fixed on one side of the wire separation disk 18 .

[0032] A tail cable protection cover 28 is also provided on the inner side 1 of the anchor cup 12 at a position outside the wire separation disk 18 , and the tail cable protection cover 28 protects the tail lead 3 .

[0033] The metal protective tube 22 passes through the wire dividing disk 18 inside the inner side 1 of the anchor cup 12, and is inserted into the anchor cup 12 at the same time, providing a lead-out channel for the tail lead 3 of the built-in optical cable body 1, to avoid damage to the tail lead 3 due to the high temperature during the anchoring process. After the anchoring process is completed, the tail lead 3 of the built-in optical cable body 1 with the two ends coiled up is passed through the metal protective tube 22 pre-buried at both ends of the anchor cup 12, and finally the upper connecting tube 13 and the tail cable protection cover 28 are put on to complete the installation of the sensing optical cable body 1 in the cable body 4.

[0034] A method for replacing the replaceable structure of the above-mentioned cable-built-in replaceable temperature, humidity and vibration sensing optical cable comprises the following steps: S1. When the central optical fiber bundle 5 inside the cable needs to be replaced, the tail cable protective cover 28 is opened to pull out the tail lead 3, and then the steel strands 7 and spiral armor tube 6 outside the central optical fiber bundle 5 are peeled off in sequence to expose one end of the central optical fiber bundle 5 wrapped by the aramid fiber 11; S2, winding the central optical fiber bundle 5 wrapped by the exposed aramid fiber 11 and the central optical fiber bundle 5 wrapped by the aramid fiber 11 to be installed together, and fixing the overlapping parts with glue, and then replacing them through the replacement mechanism; S3. Insert one end of the central optical fiber bundle 5 wrapped by the aramid fiber 11 to be replaced into the wire tube 26 and place it above the pulley 25, and evenly pull it out along the rotation direction of the take-up drum 24; insert one end of the central optical fiber bundle 5 wrapped by the aramid fiber 11 to be installed into the wire tube 26 and place it above the pulley 25, and evenly release it through the rotation of the pay-off drum 23; after the central optical fiber bundle 5 wrapped by the aramid fiber 11 passes through the wire tube 26, partially insert the wire tube 26 into the spiral armor tube 6, and fix the wire tube 26 and the spiral armor tube 6 into one by gluing the outside of the spiral armor tube 6; at the same time, bond the central optical fiber bundle 5 and the optical fiber bundle structure to be replaced into one by gluing, and pull the central optical fiber bundle 5 to be installed into the spiral armor tube 6 of the optical cable to achieve the replacement of the central optical fiber bundle 5.

[0035] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A replaceable structure of a cable-built-in replaceable temperature, humidity and vibration sensing optical cable, characterized in that: The sensing optical cable comprises a sensing optical cable body (1), a tail lead (3), a cable body (4), and a replacement mechanism, wherein the sensing optical cable body (1) is detachably mounted inside the cable body (4), tail leads (3) are provided at both ends of the sensing optical cable body (1), and the replacement mechanism is located at both ends of the cable body (4) and replaces the sensing optical cable body (1) located inside the cable body (4); The sensing optical cable body (1) comprises a central optical fiber bundle (5), a spiral armor tube (6), steel strands (7) and aramid fibers (11); the outer side of the central optical fiber bundle (5) is coated with aramid fibers (11); the outer layer of the aramid fibers (11) is covered with a spiral armor tube (6); and the outer layer of the spiral armor tube (6) is wound with multiple layers of steel strands (7); The central optical fiber bundle (5) is composed of a temperature vibration sensing optical fiber (8), a humidity-sensitive sensing optical fiber (9), a humidity-insensitive sensing optical fiber (10), and an aramid fiber (11). The temperature vibration sensing optical fiber (8) is provided with two groups, and the two groups of the temperature vibration sensing optical fibers (8) are used for measuring temperature and vibration respectively. The humidity-sensitive sensing optical fiber (9) and the humidity-insensitive sensing optical fiber (10) are provided with one group each, and the humidity-sensitive sensing optical fiber (9) and the humidity-insensitive sensing optical fiber (10) compensate each other for temperature, humidity, and stress. The aramid fiber (11) is coated on the outside of the temperature vibration sensing optical fiber (8), the humidity-sensitive sensing optical fiber (9), and the humidity-insensitive sensing optical fiber (10), and forms a gap with the spiral armor tube (6).

2. The replaceable structure of the cable-built-in replaceable temperature, humidity and vibration sensing optical cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cable body (4) comprises a cable strand (2), an anchor cup (12), an upper connecting tube (13), an anchoring area (14), a steel wire (15), an extruded sheath (16), an anchor ring (17), a wire dividing disc (18) and a wrapping tape (19). The end of the cable strand (2) is fixed in the upper connecting tube (13). The cable strand (2) is formed by twisting a plurality of groups of steel wires (15) and then using a wrapping tape (19) to shape and limit the position. The sensing optical cable body (1) is installed in a built-in manner by replacing one of the plurality of groups of steel wires (15) inside the cable strand (2). The wrapping tape (19) is coated with an extruded sheath (16) having a sticky inner surface. One end of the upper connecting tube (13) is fixed in the upper connecting tube (13). The upper anchor cup (12) is threadedly connected to the anchor cup (12), an anchor ring (17) is provided at the end of the anchor cup (12), an anchoring area (14) is provided inside the upper anchor cup (12), a wire dividing plate (18) is provided inside the anchor cup (12), a plurality of groups of steel wire holes (21) and a group of reserved protection holes (20) are provided on the wire dividing plate (18), the reserved protection holes (20) are located on the outer ring of the steel wire holes (21), one end of the steel wire (15) passes through the steel wire hole (21) and is fixed on the wire dividing plate (18), a metal protection tube (22) is provided in the reserved protection hole (20), and the sensing optical cable body (1) is inserted into the metal protection tube (22) after the filler in the anchoring area (14) is cured.

3. The replaceable structure of the cable-built-in replaceable temperature, humidity and vibration sensing optical cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The replacement mechanism comprises a pay-off reel (23), a take-up reel (24), a pulley (25) and a wire tube (26); the pay-off reel (23) and the take-up reel (24) are respectively located at two ends of the cable body (4); a central optical fiber bundle (5) to be replaced is wound on the pay-off reel (23); a pulley (25) is provided at the pay-off end of the pay-off reel (23) and the take-up end of the take-up reel (24); one end of the wire tube (26) is inserted into the stripping end of the spiral armor tube (6) and fixed by glue; guide fillets (27) are provided on the inner walls at both ends of the wire tube (26).

4. The replaceable structure of the cable-built-in replaceable temperature, humidity and vibration sensing optical cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner diameters of the temperature vibration sensing optical fiber (8), the humidity-sensitive sensing optical fiber (9) and the humidity-insensitive sensing optical fiber (10) are all 0.2 mm to 0.25 mm, and the inner diameter of the aramid fiber (11) is 0.8 mm to 1 mm.

5. The replaceable structure of the cable-internal replaceable temperature, humidity and vibration sensing optical cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steel strand (7) is made of SUS304 steel, and the wire diameter of the steel strand (7) is 1 mm.

6. The replaceable structure of the cable-internal replaceable temperature, humidity and vibration sensing optical cable according to claim 2, characterized in that: The metal protection tube (22) extends from the wire separation disk (18) to the interior of the upper connecting tube (13), and the tail lead (3) simultaneously passes through the reserved protection hole (20) and is coiled and fixed on one side of the wire separation disk (18).

7. The replaceable structure of the cable-internal replaceable temperature, humidity and vibration sensing optical cable according to claim 6, characterized in that: A tail cable protection cover (28) is also provided on the inner side of the anchor cup (12) at a position outside the wire dividing disc (18), and the tail cable protection cover (28) protects the tail lead (3).

8. A method for replacing the replaceable structure of the cable-built-in replaceable temperature, humidity and vibration sensing optical cable according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. When the central optical fiber bundle (5) inside the cable needs to be replaced, the tail cable protective cover (28) is opened to pull out the tail lead (3), and then the steel strands (7) and spiral armor tube (6) outside the central optical fiber bundle (5) are peeled off in sequence to expose one end of the central optical fiber bundle (5) wrapped by aramid fiber (11); S2, winding the central optical fiber bundle (5) wrapped by the exposed aramid fiber (11) and the central optical fiber bundle (5) wrapped by the aramid fiber (11) to be installed together, fixing the overlapping parts with glue, and then replacing them through the replacement mechanism; S3. Insert one end of the central optical fiber bundle (5) wrapped by the aramid fiber (11) to be replaced into the conduit (26) and place it above the pulley (25), and evenly pull it out along the rotation direction of the take-up reel (24). Insert one end of the central optical fiber bundle (5) wrapped by the aramid fiber (11) to be installed into the conduit (26) and place it above the pulley (25), and evenly release it through the rotation of the pay-off reel (23). The central optical fiber bundle (5) wrapped by the aramid fiber (11) passes through the conduit ( 26), partially insert the wire tube (26) into the spiral armor tube (6), fix the wire tube (26) and the spiral armor tube (6) into one piece by dispensing glue on the outside of the spiral armor tube (6), and at the same time, glue the central optical fiber bundle (5) and the optical fiber bundle structure to be replaced into one piece by dispensing glue, and pull the central optical fiber bundle (5) to be installed into the spiral armor tube (6) of the optical cable to achieve the replacement of the central optical fiber bundle (5) wrapped by the aramid fiber (11).

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