An intensive electric bus charging and swapping station

Abstract

An intensive electric bus charging and swapping station provides two different layout modes of the station, where mode one is side-to-side battery swapping and mode two is tail-end battery swapping. Each mode of the station has two battery swapping robot design options, push-pull and placement, which can realize the rapid and fully automatic replacement of battery boxes in a smaller site. The station mainly includes: battery swapping robot, battery box, battery box charging rack, control system and battery swapping parking area, and the first four parts are all located in an intensive box body. The periphery of the intensive box body is the battery swapping parking area. As long as the electric bus is parked in this area, the station can rely on the battery swapping robot to automatically complete the battery swapping work. The station has a high degree of modularization and pre-processing. The intensive structural layout is not only convenient for transportation, but also greatly shortens the on-site installation and commissioning time, and can achieve the requirements of rapid installation, flexible movement and automatic battery swapping.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of electric bus battery replacement, in particular to a fully automatic intensive electric bus battery replacement station. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid increase in the number of cars, on the one hand, the shortage of non-renewable energy and environmental pollution problems have become increasingly prominent; on the other hand, the large amount of exhaust gas emitted by fuel vehicles will also cause a large number of diseases, endangering everyone's physical and mental health. In order to fundamentally solve the above problems, it is particularly important to vigorously promote electric vehicles. For electric buses used as public transportation, they are also powered by batteries, but the capacity of batteries is limited and cannot guarantee long-distance operation of buses. This has become a bottleneck for the further development of electric buses.

[0003] At present, the following two methods are usually used to solve the energy supply problem of electric buses. One is to charge the entire bus, and the other is to replace the battery. The first method requires the bus to stop running, and the user has a long waiting time during normal charging. If DC fast charging is used, it will not only greatly affect the battery life, but also cause a certain impact on the power grid. This method cannot meet the requirements of long-distance uninterrupted transportation; the second method is to directly replace the bus battery at the battery swap station, which is simple and easy, and the user’s waiting time is short, which can well solve the energy supply problem of electric buses.

[0004] At the same time, professionals can easily find that there are still many problems in the construction and site selection of battery swap stations. Most of the existing battery swap stations are built in one step, occupying a large space, taking a long time for on-site construction and assembly, and having high labor costs. CN205178590U designed a mobile box-type charging and swapping station. Although it solves the above problems to a certain extent, it does not use a battery swapping robot, and cannot achieve intensive, fully automatic, and fast battery swapping operations. In addition, the walking wheels under the box-type charging station can only move short distances, which cannot meet the requirements of market promotion.

[0005] In short, how to achieve fast battery replacement for electric buses and the design of the battery replacement station structure are still the key to the rapid development of electric buses. It is particularly important to study a new type of battery replacement station with simple structure, easy assembly, good flexibility and fast battery replacement. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to further optimize the structure of battery swap stations and improve the technical solutions of existing battery swap stations, the present invention aims to provide a new type of electric bus charging and swap station, which provides two battery swap station structure layout modes, which can realize side or tail battery swap for electric buses, and for each battery swap mode, two battery swap robot design solutions are provided to choose from, with a high degree of modularization and pre-processing, which can achieve requirements such as rapid assembly, convenient transportation and rapid battery swap.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention: the battery swap station provides two different modes of battery swap stations in terms of structural layout according to specific battery swap requirements, wherein mode one is a side battery swap station, which realizes side battery swap for electric buses; mode two is a tail-end battery swap station, which realizes tail-end battery swap for electric buses; the two modes are different only in the structural layout and local structure of the battery swap station, and each mode of the battery swap station includes: a battery box, wherein the battery box has batteries installed inside, and the unique structure designed on both sides facilitates the transportation and fixation of the battery box; a battery box charging rack, wherein the battery box charging rack is used to store the battery box, and the low-power battery box can be charged on the charging rack; a control system, wherein the control system is the brain of the entire battery swap station, and controls the entire battery swap station to complete the battery swap work; a battery swap parking area, wherein the battery swap parking area is used Parking electric buses, and the electric buses complete the battery replacement work in this area; the battery replacement robot, the battery replacement robot has two design schemes to choose from in each mode of battery replacement station, corresponding to two different structures of battery boxes and battery box charging racks, among which Scheme 1 designs the battery replacement robot as a push-pull structure, the longitudinal feeding mechanism of the battery replacement robot extends out to clamp the battery box, and then the longitudinal feeding mechanism drives the battery box to be retracted, rotated 180 degrees and then extends from the opposite side to push out the battery box and fix it on the battery box charging rack or the electric bus; Scheme 2 designs the battery replacement robot as a placement structure, the feeding mechanism of the battery replacement robot extends out to pick up the battery box and place it on one end, and then the feeding mechanism is retracted, extends from the other end and descends to place the battery box on the battery box charging rack or the electric bus.

[0008] Preferably, the battery box, battery box charging rack, battery swap robot and control system have all been pre-assembled and debugged, and can be transported to a designated location for installation and fixation. The installation process is simple and the mobility is good. The reasonable spatial layout of the battery swap robot, battery box charging rack and control system reduces the site occupation space of the entire battery swap station and increases the utilization rate of the intensive box.

[0009] Preferably, the battery box is replaced fully automatically by a pre-set program of the battery swap robot, and the battery swap station can monitor the delivery status of the battery box in real time.

[0010] Preferably, for mode 1 battery swap station, the periphery of the intensive box body is the battery swap parking area, and the intensive box body is arranged parallel to the electric bus. As long as the electric bus is parked in this area, the battery swap station can automatically complete the lateral battery swap of the electric bus. One side of the battery swap robot is the battery swap parking area, and the other side is the battery box charging rack. The battery swap robot realizes the transportation of low-charge battery boxes and fully-charged battery boxes between the two. The battery box charging rack is used to store battery boxes, and the low-charge battery boxes can be charged on the charging rack.

[0011] Preferably, for the mode two battery swap station, the intensive box and the electric buses (battery swap parking area) are arranged alternately, and multiple electric buses can be reversed and parked in the battery swap parking area at the same time, and the battery swap work at the rear end of the electric buses can be automatically completed in sequence. The internal structure layout of the intensive box is basically similar to the internal structure layout of the intensive box of the mode one battery swap station; as an extension of mode two, the track of the battery swap robot can be extended from the length direction of the intensive box, so that the electric bus can directly pass over the two ends of the track and park in the battery swap parking area without reversing to the battery swap parking area.

[0012] Preferably, for a battery swap station adopting the battery swap robot of scheme 1, the battery swap robot and the battery swap parking area have a relative position relationship. After the electric bus is parked in the battery swap parking area, the battery swap robot adjusts the angle and distance through the corresponding sensors thereon to ensure that it successfully completes the battery swap work.

[0013] Preferably, for a battery swap station that adopts the battery swap robot of Scheme 1, the battery swap robot can realize movement in multiple directions. In order to realize the transportation of horizontally arranged battery boxes, the battery swap robot uses pulleys to move on the slide rail along the length direction of the intensive box body; in order to realize the transportation of vertically arranged battery boxes, the battery swap robot uses the principle of movable pulleys to move up and down; in order to turn around and install the battery box, the battery swap robot needs to rotate around the vertical line; in order to transport the battery box to the specified position, the transport robot also needs to perform longitudinal feeding movement.

[0014] Preferably, for a battery swap station that adopts the battery swap robot of scheme 1, the battery swap robot can rotate flexibly around a vertical line. When the entire intensive box is in transportation, the battery swap robot can be rotated 90° and placed, thereby ensuring that the entire battery swap robot is inside the intensive box for easy transportation.

[0015] Preferably, for a battery swap station that adopts the battery swap robot of scheme 1, the battery swap robot uses an embedded clamping head to grab the battery box and uses a movable push rod and the clamping head to detach from the battery box.

[0016] Preferably, for a battery swap station that adopts the battery swap robot of scheme 1, one side of the battery box is an electrical connector and the other side has a plug-in fixing structure, and the battery box can be fixed on the battery charging rack by the battery swap robot.

[0017] Preferably, for a battery swap station that adopts the battery swap robot of scheme 2, the battery box falls onto the transport platform from one end of the battery swap robot and leaves the transport platform from the other end. During the entire battery swap process, the battery box does not need to rotate, and the battery swap can be completed by only relying on translation, which can greatly improve the battery swap efficiency.

[0018] Preferably, for the battery swap station using the battery swap robot of Scheme 2, the battery box is positioned on the battery box charging rack by means of the positioning pins and U-shaped grooves on both sides, constraining the other five degrees of freedom of the battery box except the vertical movement degree of freedom; during the positioning process, the battery box is continuously moved downward until the four corners of the battery box are on the battery box charging rack, and the positioning of the battery box on the electric bus is similar thereto.

[0019] Preferably, for a battery swap station that adopts the battery swap robot of scheme 2, in order to prevent the battery box from jumping upward during the driving of the electric bus or during the intensive box transportation, four pressure rods are used to press the upper surface of the battery box. When taking the battery box from the battery box charging rack or the electric bus, the battery swap robot pushes the push rod to rotate through the carrying platform, and the rotation of the push rod drives the pressure rod to rotate. For the flexibility of movement, a rolling wheel is installed at the end of the pressure rod, and the rolling wheel rotates to make the pressure rod separate from the upper surface of the battery box; when the battery box is removed, the pressure rod is reset under the action of the elastic device, and the principle is similar when the battery box is placed.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the two different structural layout modes of the battery swap station can perform fast and fully automatic side or tail battery swapping for electric buses. In each mode, there are two battery swap robot design schemes to choose from, which increases the flexibility of selection; the intensive electric bus battery swap station arranges the battery swap robot, battery box, battery box charging rack and control system all in an intensive box, which occupies a small site space and is easy to transport and install on site, and is suitable for various places. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a structural distribution diagram of mode 1 of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 This is the structural distribution diagram of mode 2 of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a structural distribution diagram of the extended design of Mode 2 of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 It is the internal structure diagram of the intensive box body of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 5 This is the axonometric diagram of the battery-swapping robot in Scheme 1 of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 6 It is an enlarged view of the connection part between the battery box and the battery box charging rack in the first solution of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 7 It is a structural diagram of the functional part of the battery-swapping robot in Scheme 1 of the present invention that realizes connection and disconnection with the battery box.

[0029] Figure 8 This is the axonometric diagram of the battery-swapping robot in Scheme 2 of the present invention.

[0030] Fig. 9 It is a position structure diagram of the battery box when it is first placed into the electric bus (battery box charging rack) in the second solution of the present invention.

[0031] Fig.10 It is a top view of the battery box in the second solution of the present invention when it has been placed in the electric bus (battery box charging rack).

[0032] In the figure of scheme one, 1. battery swap robot, 2. battery box, 3. battery box charging rack, 4. control system, 5. battery swap parking area, 6. driving lane, 10. pulley, 11. slide rail, 12. first-level longitudinal feed mechanism, 13. second-level longitudinal feed mechanism, 14. clamping head, 15. push rod, 20. rotary head, 21. connecting rod, 22. sliding rod, 23. slide groove, 30. clamping groove.

[0033] In the figure related to scheme two, 1. battery swap robot, 2. battery box, 3. battery box charging rack, 4. control system, 5. battery swap parking area, 6. driving lane, 10. transport platform, 11. feeding mechanism, 20. positioning block, 21. pin hole, 22. charging connector, 30 push rod, 31 pressure rod, 32. rolling wheel, 33 elastic device, 34. U-shaped groove, 35 positioning pin. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0035] Reference Figures 1 to 3The present invention provides two structural layout modes of battery swap stations. For the battery swap station of mode 1, the periphery of the intensive box body is the battery swap parking area 5, and the intensive box body is arranged in parallel with the electric bus. As long as the electric bus is parked in this area, the battery swap station can automatically complete the lateral battery swap of the electric bus. One side of the battery swap robot 1 is the battery swap parking area 5, and the other side is the battery box charging rack 3. The battery swap robot 1 realizes the transportation of the low-charge battery box and the fully-charged battery box between the two. The battery box charging rack 3 is used to store the battery box 2, and the low-charge battery box can be charged on the charging rack; for the battery swap station of mode 2, the periphery of the intensive box body is the battery swap parking area 5, and the intensive box body and the electric bus (battery swap parking area) are arranged in an alternating manner. Multiple electric buses can be reversed and parked in the battery swap parking area 5 at the same time, and the battery swap of the electric bus tail end can be automatically completed in sequence. The internal structural layout of the intensive box body is basically similar to the internal structural layout of the intensive box body of the battery swap station of mode 1. As an extension of mode 2, the battery swap robot 1 can be placed in the battery swap parking area 5. The track extends from the length direction of the intensive box body, so that the electric bus can directly pass over the two ends of the track and park in the battery replacement parking area 5 without reversing to the battery replacement parking area 5.

[0036] Reference Figure 4 The battery-swapping robot 1, the battery box 2, the battery box charging rack 3 and the control system 4 are all located in a concentrated box. The upper part of the concentrated box is the battery-swapping robot 1, and the battery-swapping robot 1 can translate along the length direction of the concentrated box on the track; the lower part of the concentrated box has multiple horizontally placed battery box charging racks 3 for storing the battery box 2, and charging the low-power battery box with the help of the charging connector 22. The battery-swapping robot 1 can flexibly grab or detach from the battery box 2.

[0037] The two layout modes differ only in the positional arrangement of the battery swap parking area 5 relative to the intensive box body. Mode 1 is a parallel arrangement, and mode 2 is a staggered arrangement. The difference in positional arrangement means that in mode 1, the electric bus only needs to merge from the driving lane 6 into the battery swap parking area 5, while in mode 2, the electric bus needs to reverse into the battery swap parking area 5. In the extended design of mode 2, the electric bus does not need to reverse into the battery swap parking area, but can directly drive forward and pass the tracks at both ends of the battery swap robot (1) and stop in the battery swap parking area (5). Apart from this, the battery swap process in the two modes is exactly the same. In each mode, two design schemes of the battery swap robot 1 are provided, corresponding to battery boxes 2 and battery box charging racks 3 of different structures, respectively. Figures 4 to 6 For the design of the battery swap robot solution 1, Figures 7 to 9 This is the design of the second battery swap robot solution.

[0038] Here is the first solution:

[0039] Scheme 1 designs the battery swap robot 1 as a push-pull structure. The longitudinal feed mechanism of the battery swap robot 1 extends out to clamp the battery box 2, and then the longitudinal feed mechanism drives the battery box 2 to retract, rotates 180 degrees and then extends from the opposite side to push out the battery box 2 and fix it on the battery box charging rack 3 or the electric bus. To achieve a battery swap, this scheme requires the battery swap robot 1 to rotate the battery box 180 degrees forward and backward.

[0040] Reference Figure 5 The battery-swapping robot 1 has a pair of pulleys 10 on the upper and lower sides, which can move along the length direction of the intensive box on the slide rail 11. The battery-swapping robot 1 has a suspended structure with four movable pulleys on it, which can move up and down. There is a pair of meshing gears inside the battery-swapping robot, which can realize the rotation of the battery-swapping robot 1. The slider mechanism on the lower side of the battery-swapping robot 1 is the first-level longitudinal feed mechanism 12, and the slider mechanism on the upper side is the second-level longitudinal feed mechanism 13. These two feed mechanisms cooperate to complete the feeding movement of the battery box.

[0041] Reference Figure 6 , there is a fixing device on one side of the battery box, the fixing device includes: a rotary head 20, a connecting rod 21, a sliding rod 22 and a slide 23, and a card slot 30 is provided at the corresponding position of the battery box charging rack 3. The specific working process is: the battery-swapping robot 1 drives the rotary head 20 through the card head 14, and the rotary head 20 drives the sliding rod 22 to slide to both sides in the slide 23 through the connecting rod 21 until the outer end of the sliding rod 22 enters the card slot 30 of the battery box charging rack 3 (or the bus body). When the battery box needs to be removed from the battery box charging rack 3, the fixing should be eliminated at this time, and the battery-swapping robot 1 only needs to reverse the card head 14 to remove the sliding rod 22 from the card slot 30.

[0042] Reference Figure 7 There is a clamping head 14 in the middle of the battery-swapping robot 1, one end of which is connected to the motor, and the rotation of the motor drives the clamping head 14 to rotate; the other end of the clamping head 14 can be screwed into the screw head 20 of the battery box to achieve the connection between the battery-swapping robot 1 and the battery box 2. There is a push rod 15 on each side of the clamping head 14, and the push rod 15 can be attached to the second-level longitudinal feeding mechanism 13 to achieve the separation of the battery-swapping robot 1 and the battery box 2.

[0043] Here is the second option:

[0044] Solution 2 designs the battery swap robot 1 as a placement type structure. The feeding mechanism 11 of the battery swap robot 1 extends to pick up the battery box 2 and place it on one end. The feeding mechanism 11 is then retracted, extends from the other end, and descends to place the battery box 2 on a battery box charging rack or an electric bus.

[0045] Reference Figure 8The battery swap robot 1 is located between the battery swap parking area 5 and the battery box charging rack 3. On the one hand, the transportation distance can be minimized; on the other hand, there is a transportation platform 10 inside the battery swap robot 1 for placing the battery box 2. The battery box 2 falls into the transportation platform 10 from one end and detaches from the other end, so that the fully charged battery box and the low-charged battery box can be quickly interchanged, thereby improving the battery swap efficiency.

[0046] Reference Fig. 9 and Fig.10 The battery box 2 is positioned on the battery box charging rack 1 by means of the pin hole 21 and the positioning block 20 , and the pressing rod 31 is pressed or loosened by the push rod 30 and the elastic device 33 .

[0047] Although the present invention adopts two structural layout modes, the battery replacement implementation methods of the two modes are exactly the same. Here, mode 1 is used to briefly illustrate the method and steps for using the new type to complete the battery replacement of the electric bus.

[0048] For option 1:

[0049] Step 1: The electric bus enters the battery swap parking area 5 via the driving lane 6, and the battery swap station identifies the vehicle information and performs the battery swap.

[0050] Step 2: This step enables the battery swap robot 1 to grasp the deflated battery box: first, after the battery swap robot 1 receives the command, the first-level longitudinal feeding mechanism 12 and the second-level longitudinal feeding mechanism 13 start to operate in sequence. When the second-level longitudinal mechanism 13 moves until the clamping head 14 thereon enters the rotary head 20 of the deflated battery box, the feeding movement ends; then the clamping head 14 starts to rotate a certain angle so that it is buckled in the rotary head 20, driving the rotary head 20 to rotate. The rotation of the rotary head 20 drives the connecting rod 21, and the movement of the connecting rod 21 drives the sliding rod 22 to be removed from the clamping slot of the bus body, thereby eliminating the fixation of the deflated battery box and the body; finally, the second-level longitudinal feeding mechanism 13 and the first-level longitudinal feeding mechanism 12 are retracted in the opposite direction in sequence to complete the battery swap robot 1 grasping the deflated battery box.

[0051] Step 3: After the battery swap robot 1 returns to its initial position, it rotates the low-power battery box 180° around the vertical line.

[0052] Step 4: This step realizes the detachment of the low-power battery box by the battery-swapping robot 1: first, the battery-swapping robot 1 identifies which battery box charging rack 3 does not have a battery box 2, and uses the movable pulley principle to realize the up and down movement of the low-power battery box, and uses the slide rail 11 and the pulley 10 to realize the movement of the low-power battery box along the length direction of the container box, and moves the low-power battery box to the opposite side of the designated battery box charging rack 3; then, since the distance between the battery-swapping robot 1 and the battery box charging rack 3 is short, it is only necessary to move the second-stage longitudinal feeding mechanism 13 to achieve the detachment, and the left and right push rods 15 and the clamping head 14 located on the second-stage longitudinal feeding mechanism 13 jointly push the low-power battery box to perform the feeding movement; finally, when the low-power battery box reaches the designated position on the battery box charging rack 3, the clamping head 14 first rotates in the reverse direction to complete the fixation of the battery box 2, and then rotates in the reverse direction, and is no longer locked in the rotary head 20. As the second-stage longitudinal feeding mechanism 13 is retracted in the reverse direction, the clamping head 14 and the rotary head 20 are disengaged, completing the detachment of the low-power battery box.

[0053] Step 5: This step enables the battery-swapping robot 1 to grasp the fully-charged battery box: first, the battery-swapping robot 1 identifies which battery box 2 is the fully-charged battery box; then it moves to the opposite side of the corresponding battery box charging rack 3, and similarly, the second-level longitudinal feeding mechanism 13 moves; finally, refer to the second step to complete the grasping of the fully-charged battery box.

[0054] Step 6: After the battery-swapping robot 1 returns to its initial position, it rotates the fully-charged battery box 180° in the opposite direction around the vertical line.

[0055] Step 7: This step enables the battery-swapping robot 1 to detach from the fully-charged battery box: Similar to the third step, the fully-charged battery box is fixed on the bus body, and then the second-level longitudinal feed mechanism 13 and the first-level longitudinal feed mechanism 12 are retracted in the opposite direction, and the battery-swapping robot 1 returns to its initial state.

[0056] Step 8: The battery box has been replaced and is waiting for the next battery replacement.

[0057] For option 2:

[0058] Step 1: The electric bus enters the battery swap parking area 5 via the driving lane 6, and the battery swap station identifies the vehicle information and performs the battery swap.

[0059] Step 2: This step enables the battery swap robot 1 to grab the low-power battery box: first, after the battery swap robot 1 receives the command, the feeding mechanism 11 starts to drive the transport platform 10 to move; then as the transport platform 10 continues to move forward, it pushes the push rod 30 to rotate, and the rotation of the push rod 30 drives the pressure rod 31 to rotate around the rolling wheel 32 installed at its end, causing the pressure rod 31 to separate from the upper surface of the battery box 3; finally, the transport platform 11 moves upward to lift the battery box 3, completing the grabbing of the low-power battery box.

[0060] Step 3: The battery-swapping robot 1 returns to the initial position, and the push rod 30 and the pressure rod 31 are reset under the action of the elastic device 33.

[0061] Step 4: This step enables the battery-swapping robot 1 to disengage the low-power battery box: first, the battery-swapping robot 1 identifies which battery box charging rack 3 does not have a battery box 2, and moves the low-power battery box to the opposite side of the designated battery box charging rack 3; then the feeding mechanism 11 starts to feed in the opposite direction, and the conveying platform 10 pushes the push rod 30 and the pressure rod 31 to rotate. After the battery box 3 moves to the designated position, it moves downward, completing the coordination of the positioning pin 35 and the pin hole 21, the U-shaped groove 34 and the positioning block 20; finally, with the resetting of the conveying platform 10, the push rod 30 and the pressure rod 31 are reset under the action of the elastic device 33, and the battery box 3 is pressed tightly.

[0062] Step 5: This step enables the battery swap robot 1 to grab the fully charged battery box: first, the battery swap robot 1 identifies which battery box 2 is the fully charged battery box, and then moves to the opposite side of the corresponding battery box charging rack 3, and similar to the second step, completes the grabbing of the fully charged battery box.

[0063] Step 6: The battery-swapping robot 1 returns to the initial position, and the push rod 30 and the pressure rod 31 are reset under the action of the elastic device 33.

[0064] Step 7: This step enables the battery swap robot 1 to detach from the fully charged battery box: Similar to the fourth step, the battery swap robot 1 completes the detachment from the fully charged battery box.

[0065] Step 8: The battery-swapping robot 1 returns to the initial state, the push rod 30 and the pressure rod 31 are reset under the action of the elastic device 33, the battery box battery replacement is completed, and waits for the next battery replacement.

[0066] It should be noted that the above embodiment is only one implementation of the present invention. The description of the embodiment is relatively detailed and specific, but it cannot be understood as limiting the patent scope of the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention should be based on the attached claims.

Claims

1. An intensive electric bus charging and swapping station, characterized by: include: A battery swap robot (1), a battery box (2), a battery box charging rack (3), a control system (4) and a battery swap parking area (5), wherein the battery swap robot (1), the battery box (2), the battery box charging rack (3) and the control system (4) are all located in a compact box; two design schemes of the battery swap robot (1) are available, corresponding to two battery boxes (2) and battery box charging racks (3) of different structures, respectively, wherein the first scheme designs the battery swap robot (1) as a push-pull structure, and the longitudinal feeding mechanism of the battery swap robot (1) is The battery box (2) is extended to be clamped, and then the longitudinal feeding mechanism drives the battery box (2) to be retracted, and then the battery box (2) is extended from the opposite side after being rotated 180 degrees, and the battery box (2) is pushed out and fixed on the battery box charging rack (3) or the electric bus; the second scheme designs the battery swap robot (1) as a placement structure, and the feeding mechanism (11) of the battery swap robot (1) is extended to pick up the battery box (2) and place it on one end, and then the feeding mechanism (11) is retracted, extended from the other end, and descended, and the battery box (2) is placed on the battery box charging rack (3) or the electric bus; In the battery swap station of Scheme 1, the battery swap robot (1) is a push-pull structure and can be flexibly rotated around a vertical line. When the entire intensive box is in the process of transportation, the battery swap robot (1) can be rotated 90° in the working state and placed, so as to ensure that the entire battery swap robot (1) is inside the intensive box. When the battery swap robot (1) receives the battery swap command, the longitudinal feeding mechanism starts to move. Since the distance between the battery swap robot (1) and the battery box charging rack (3) is short, and the distance between the battery swap robot (1) and the electric bus is long and uncertain, when the battery swap robot takes and places the battery box from the battery box charging rack, it only needs to move the second-level longitudinal feeding mechanism (13) to push and pull the battery box (2) to the specified position. When the battery swap robot takes and places the battery box from the electric bus, the first-level longitudinal feeding mechanism (13) is required. The first-stage longitudinal feeding mechanism (12) and the second-stage longitudinal feeding mechanism (13) move in coordination to push and pull the battery box (2) to a specified position. After moving to the specified position, the battery-changing robot (1) uses an embedded clamping head (14) and a rotating head (20) to grasp the battery box, and uses a push rod (15) and a clamping head (14) to separate from the battery box (2); the battery box (2) has an electrical connector on one side and a plug-in fixing device on the other side. While grasping or separating the battery box (2), the clamping head (14) of the battery-changing robot (1) drives the rotating head (20) on the fixing device to rotate, and the rotation of the rotating head (20) drives the connecting rod (21) to move, and the connecting rod (21) drives the sliding rod (22) to leave or insert into the card slot, thereby completing the work of releasing or fixing the battery box (2); In the battery swap station of Scheme 2, the battery swap robot (1) is a placement-type structure. During the entire battery swap process, the battery box (2) does not need to rotate, and the battery swap work can be completed only by the translation of the feeding mechanism (11), which can greatly improve the battery swap efficiency; the battery box (2) is positioned on the battery box charging rack (3) by means of the positioning pins (35) and U-shaped grooves (34) on both sides, constraining the battery box (2) in five degrees of freedom except the vertical degree of freedom. During the positioning process, the battery box (2) continuously moves downward until its four corners are on the battery box charging rack (3). Similarly, the battery box (2) is parked on the battery box charging rack (3). On an electric bus storage rack; in order to further fix the battery box (2), four pressure rods (31) are used to press the upper surface of the battery box (2). When the battery box is removed from the battery box charging rack (3) or the electric bus, the battery replacement robot (1) pushes the push rod to rotate through the handling platform (10), and the rotation of the push rod drives the pressure rod (31) to rotate. In order to ensure the flexibility of movement, a rolling wheel (32) is installed at the end of the pressure rod (31). The rolling wheel (32) rotates to make the pressure rod (31) separate from the upper surface of the battery box (2). When the battery box (2) is removed, the pressure rod (31) is reset under the action of the elastic device (33).

2. The intensive electric bus charging and swapping station according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The charging and swapping station is a lateral battery swapping station, which realizes lateral battery swapping for electric buses.

3. The intensive electric bus charging and swapping station according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The charging and swapping station is a tail-end battery swapping station, which realizes tail-end battery swapping for electric buses.

4. The intensive electric bus charging and swapping station according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The periphery of the integrated box is a battery replacement parking area (5), and the integrated box is arranged in parallel with the electric bus. As long as the electric bus is parked in the area, the battery replacement station can automatically complete the lateral battery replacement of the electric bus. One side of the battery replacement robot (1) is the battery replacement parking area (5), and the other side is the battery box charging rack (3). The battery replacement robot (1) can carry low-charged battery boxes and fully-charged battery boxes between the two. The battery box charging rack (3) is used to store battery boxes (2), and low-charged battery boxes can be charged on the battery box charging rack.

5. The intensive electric bus charging and swapping station according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The intensive box and the electric buses are arranged in an alternating manner, so that multiple electric buses can be reversed and parked in the battery swapping parking area (5) at the same time, and the battery swapping work at the rear end of the electric buses can be automatically completed in sequence. The internal structure layout of the intensive box is the same as the internal structure layout of the intensive box of the battery swapping station in mode one; as an extension of mode two, the track of the battery swapping robot (1) can be extended from the length direction of the intensive box, so that the electric bus can directly pass over the two ends of the track and park in the battery swapping parking area (5) without reversing to the battery swapping parking area (5).

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