A new type of biomass ring die forming machine with external meshing back cone plunger

Abstract

The invention discloses a novel biomass ring die forming machine with an external meshing back cone plunger, comprising a chassis, a driving device, a ring die body, a pressure roller body, a ring die shaft, a pressure roller shaft, a reversing shaft and a driving shaft, wherein a driven bevel gear is arranged at the top of the ring die shaft, a driving bevel gear meshed with the driven bevel gear is arranged on the driving shaft, the driving shaft, the reversing shaft and the ring die shaft are connected through a gear transmission system, the driving shaft rotates to drive the pressure roller shaft and the ring die shaft to rotate, the pressure roller body is arranged at the bottom end of the pressure roller shaft, the ring die body is arranged on the ring die shaft, a plurality of compression convex dies are arranged on the pressure roller body, a plurality of forming holes are arranged on the ring die body, when the ring die shaft and the pressure roller shaft rotate, the compression convex dies are positionally meshed with the forming holes, and the compression convex extrude and form materials from the forming holes and discharge them; the invention overcomes the problem of serious wear between the forming die and the pressure roller of the existing product, can ensure energy saving and high efficiency, and reduce production costs; at the same time, the wear of the pressure roller and the forming die is reduced, and the service life is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural and forestry mechanization engineering, in particular to an externally meshed back-cone plunger type novel biomass ring die forming machine. Background Art

[0002] At present, biomass forming machines at home and abroad are used to compress crushed forest waste branches and leaves, crop straw, etc. into particles or blocks as fuel or feed. They usually adopt ring die or flat die forming principles, which have the problems of high energy consumption, high cost, and serious wear of the pressing rollers and forming molds. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a new type of biomass ring die forming machine with an external meshing back cone plunger to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, overcome the problem of serious wear between the forming mold and the pressure roller of the existing product, and ensure energy saving and high efficiency, reduce production costs; at the same time, reduce the wear of the pressure roller and the forming mold, and increase the service life.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0005] The present invention provides a new type of biomass ring die forming machine with an external meshing back cone plunger, comprising a chassis, a driving device, a ring die body, a pressure roller body, a ring die shaft, a pressure roller shaft, a reversing shaft and a driving shaft, wherein a forming area and a transmission area are arranged in the chassis, the ring die shaft is arranged vertically, the bottom end of the ring die shaft is rotatably connected with the chassis bottom plate, the top end of the ring die shaft passes through a transverse partition between the forming area and the transmission area and extends into the transmission area, and a driven bevel gear is arranged at the top end of the ring die shaft;

[0006] The pressure roller shaft, the reversing shaft and the driving shaft are arranged horizontally and in sequence from the bottom to the top of the side wall of the chassis. One end of the pressure roller shaft is rotatably connected to the side wall of the chassis, and the other end passes through the vertical partition between the transmission area and the forming area and extends into the forming area. One end of the reversing shaft is rotatably connected to the side wall of the chassis, and the other end is rotatably connected to the vertical partition. One end of the driving shaft is connected to the driving device, and the other end passes through the side wall of the chassis and the vertical partition and extends into the transmission area. A driving bevel gear is also provided at the end of the driving shaft, and the driving bevel gear is meshed and connected with the driven bevel gear; the pressure roller shaft, the reversing shaft and the driving shaft in the transmission area are also connected by a gear transmission system, and the driving device drives the driving shaft to rotate, and the rotation of the driving shaft is transmitted to the pressure roller shaft through the gear transmission system, thereby driving the pressure roller shaft to rotate;

[0007] The ring die body is arranged on the ring die shaft and is located in the forming area. The ring die body is an umbrella-shaped rotating body structure. A plurality of forming holes are arranged circumferentially on the ring die body. The pressure roller body is arranged on the pressure roller shaft and is located in the forming area. The pressure roller body is a cone structure. A plurality of compression punches are arranged circumferentially on the pressure roller body. The compression punches are arranged opposite to the forming holes and are connected in a bevel gear-like meshing manner. When the pressure roller shaft drives the pressure roller body to rotate and the ring die shaft drives the ring die body to rotate, the compression punches on the pressure roller body are engaged with the forming holes on the ring die body. The compression punches can extrude and discharge the loose biomass material between the pressure roller body and the ring die body from the forming holes.

[0008] Preferably, the transverse partition is vertically welded to the plate body of the vertical partition, the area formed by the bottom of the transverse partition and one side of the vertical partition is the forming area, and the area formed by the top of the transverse partition and the other side of the vertical partition is the transmission area.

[0009] Preferably, a feeding funnel is also provided on one side of the top of the transverse partition for adding materials into the forming area.

[0010] Preferably, the ring die shaft is connected to the chassis bottom plate and the transverse partition plate via bearings.

[0011] Preferably, the pressure roller shaft, the reversing shaft and the driving shaft are connected to the side wall of the chassis and the vertical partition through bearings.

[0012] Preferably, the gear transmission system includes a driven spur gear, a reversing gear and a driving spur gear, the driven spur gear is arranged on the pressure roller shaft, the reversing gear is arranged on the reversing shaft, the driving spur gear is arranged on the driving shaft, the reversing gear is meshed and connected with the driven spur gear and the driving spur gear, the driving shaft rotates to drive the driving spur gear to rotate, the driving spur gear drives the driven spur gear to rotate through the reversing gear, and then drives the pressure roller shaft to rotate.

[0013] Preferably, the forming holes are evenly distributed in several rows circumferentially on the ring die body, and the compression punches are evenly distributed in several rows circumferentially on the pressure roller body. The compression punches are arranged in cooperation with the forming holes so that when the ring die body and the pressure roller body rotate, the compression punches can engage and transmit with the forming holes.

[0014] Preferably, the angle between the center line of the forming hole and the axis line of the ring die body is 45°; the angle between the axis line of the compression punch and the axis line of the pressure roller body is 45°.

[0015] Preferably, one end of the forming hole located at the top of the ring die body is chamfered.

[0016] Preferably, an inclined material guide plate is further provided in the chassis at the bottom of the ring die body, and a material discharge port is provided on the side wall of the chassis at a position opposite to the material guide plate.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following beneficial technical effects:

[0018] 1. The external meshing back cone plunger type novel biomass ring die forming machine provided by the present invention is provided with an external meshing bevel gear transmission mechanism. When the power of the driving device is transmitted to the driving shaft, the driving shaft drives the driving bevel gear and the driving spur gear thereon to rotate, the driving bevel gear drives the driven bevel gear to rotate, the driven bevel gear drives the ring die body to rotate through the ring die shaft, the driving spur gear drives the driven spur gear to rotate by meshing with the reversing gear, and the driven spur gear drives the plunger type pressure roller body to rotate through the pressure roller shaft; the external meshing back cone gear transmission mechanism makes the operation of the novel biomass ring die forming machine more efficient and more stable.

[0019] 2. The external meshing back cone plunger type new biomass ring die forming machine provided by the present invention can further reduce energy consumption; the specific power consumption is calculated as follows:

[0020] The power P1 consumed by the compression punch in extruding the material is:

[0021]

[0022] Where: m—the number of compression punches simultaneously involved in extrusion in each roller body; t—the time required for the roller body to rotate one circle, s; k—the coefficient of simultaneous participation in the process of compression punch engagement, where k=1.3; H—the length of the material to be extruded, m; p0—the unit pressure of a single compression punch, Pa; A—the cross-sectional area of ​​a single compression punch, m 2 ; d—diameter of a single compression punch, m.

[0023] The power P2 required for the roller to overcome the resistance torque in the material extrusion deformation zone is:

[0024] P2=Tω=2πnT (2)

[0025] Where: ω is the angular velocity of the plunger roller, n is the motor speed, r / min. T is the tangential force F received by the compression punch during the rotation of the roller. f The resistance torque generated on the pressure roller.

[0026] The tangential force F received by the compression punch during the rotation of the roller f The resistance torque on the pressure roller is:

[0027]

[0028] Where: m—number of compression punch rows participating in the meshing process; F fmax —The tangential force of the compression punch that is fully engaged at the position of engagement, N; F f1 —When a certain row of compression punches enters the meshing area and achieves initial meshing, it is subjected to tangential force, N; F f2 —The tangential force of a certain compression punch in the meshing area and when it is about to leave the meshing position, N; x—The straight-line distance between the outer surface of the ring die and the outer surface of the roller at the meshing position, m; H—The length of the material extruded, m; R j —The meshing pitch circle diameter of a row of rollers, m;

[0029] According to formula (1)(2)(3), the whole machine power P is calculated as:

[0030] P=P1+P2 (4)

[0031] Due to the horizontal layout design of the outer bevel gear mechanism of the ring die body and the pressure roller body, the biomass powder material can be evenly distributed between the pressure roller and the ring die body; when the compression punch and the ring die forming hole are in positional engagement, the material distributed around the compression punch and in contact with the ring die body and the pressure roller body is evenly distributed and the distribution amount is small and even, so the compression punch is subjected to a tangential component force F in the compression zone. f The goal of greatly reducing the pressure can be achieved, and the resistance moment T overcome by the roller in the material extrusion deformation zone is also greatly reduced; according to formula (4), the ring die forming mechanism greatly reduces the power P of the whole machine, thereby reducing energy consumption and saving costs.

[0032] 3. The external meshing back-cone plunger type novel biomass ring die forming machine provided by the present invention can further reduce the wear of the mechanism. Since the above formula (3) realizes the tangential component force F of the compression punch f The force is greatly reduced, and since this force is an important parameter of friction and wear, the friction and wear amount per unit time of the inner surface of the pressure roller body and the ring die body is greatly reduced, thereby achieving the goal of increasing the service life of the pressure roller body and the ring die body.

[0033] 4. The external meshing back cone plunger type new biomass ring die forming machine provided by the present invention can further improve production efficiency. Since the gear meshing mechanism is used for forming, that is, the one-to-one correspondence between the forming holes on the ring die body and the compression punch is arranged, the forming speed of the biomass material is greatly improved. Compared with the traditional forming machine with a roller body structure without a compression punch, its production efficiency is many times higher. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0035] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the external meshing back cone plunger type novel biomass ring die forming machine in the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the lateral structure of the external meshing back cone plunger type novel biomass ring die forming machine of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the ring die body and the pressure roller body in the present invention;

[0038] In the figure: 1-chassis, 2-forming area, 3-transmission area, 4-ring die body, 5-pressing roller body, 6-ring die shaft, 7-pressing roller shaft, 8-reversing shaft, 9-driving shaft, 10-transverse partition, 11-vertical partition, 12-driven bevel gear, 13-driving bevel gear, 14-forming hole, 15-compression punch, 16-feeding funnel, 17-driven spur gear, 18-reversing gear, 19-driving spur gear, 20-chamfer, 21-guide plate, 22-discharging port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a novel biomass ring die forming machine with an external meshing back cone plunger to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0041] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0042] This embodiment provides a new type of biomass ring die forming machine with an external meshing back cone plunger, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, it includes a chassis 1, a driving device, a ring die body 4, a pressure roller body 5, a ring die shaft 6, a pressure roller shaft 7, a reversing shaft 8 and a driving shaft 9. A transverse partition 10 and a vertical partition 11 are arranged in the chassis 1 to divide the chassis 1 into a forming area 2 and a transmission area 3. The transverse partition 10 is vertically welded to the plate body of the vertical partition 11. The area formed by the bottom of the transverse partition 10 and one side of the vertical partition 11 is the forming area 2, and the area formed by the top of the transverse partition 10 and the other side of the vertical partition 11 is the transmission area 3. A feeding funnel 16 is also arranged on one side of the top of the transverse partition 10 for adding materials into the forming area 2.

[0043] The ring die shaft 6 is arranged vertically, the bottom end of the ring die shaft 6 is rotatably connected to the bottom plate of the chassis 1, the top end of the ring die shaft 6 passes through the transverse partition 10 between the molding area 2 and the transmission area 3 and extends into the transmission area 3, and the top end of the ring die shaft 6 is provided with a driven bevel gear 12;

[0044] The pressure roller shaft 7, the reversing shaft 8 and the driving shaft 9 are arranged horizontally and are arranged in sequence from the bottom to the top of the side wall of the chassis 1. One end of the pressure roller shaft 7 is rotatably connected to the side wall of the chassis 1, and the other end passes through the vertical partition 11 between the transmission area 3 and the molding area 2 and extends into the molding area 2. One end of the reversing shaft 8 is rotatably connected to the side wall of the chassis 1, and the other end is rotatably connected to the vertical partition 11. One end of the driving shaft 9 is connected to a driving device (not shown in the figure), and the other end passes through the side wall of the chassis 1 and the vertical partition 11 and extends into the transmission area 3. A driving bevel gear 13 is also provided at the end of the driving shaft 9, and the driving bevel gear 13 is meshed and connected with the driven bevel gear 12; the pressure roller shaft 7, the reversing shaft 8 and the driving shaft 9 located in the transmission area 3 are also connected by a gear transmission system. The driving device drives the driving shaft 9 to rotate, and the rotation of the driving shaft 9 is transmitted to the pressure roller shaft 7 through the gear transmission system, thereby driving the pressure roller shaft 7 to rotate.

[0045] The ring die body 4 is arranged on the ring die shaft 6 and is located in the forming area 2. The ring die body 4 is an umbrella-shaped rotating body structure. A plurality of forming holes 14 are arranged circumferentially on the ring die body 4. The pressure roller body 5 is arranged on the pressure roller shaft 7 and is located in the forming area 2. The pressure roller body 5 is a cone structure. A plurality of compression punches 15 are arranged circumferentially on the pressure roller body 5. The compression punches 15 are arranged opposite to the forming holes 14 and are connected in a bevel gear-like meshing manner. When the pressure roller shaft 7 drives the pressure roller body 5 to rotate and the ring die shaft 6 drives the ring die body 4 to rotate, the compression punches 15 on the pressure roller body 5 are engaged with the forming holes 14 on the ring die body 4. The compression punches 15 can extrude and discharge the loose biomass materials between the pressure roller body 5 and the ring die body 4 from the forming holes 14.

[0046] In this embodiment, the ring die shaft 6 is connected to the bottom plate and the transverse partition 10 of the chassis 1 through bearings, and the pressure roller shaft 7, the reversing shaft 8 and the driving shaft 9 are connected to the side wall and the vertical partition 11 of the chassis 1 through bearings. Sealing rings are provided at the corresponding bearings to meet the sealing requirements of the entire chassis 1.

[0047] In this embodiment, the gear transmission system includes a driven spur gear 17, a reversing gear 18 and a driving spur gear 19. The driven spur gear 17 is arranged on the pressure roller shaft 7, the reversing gear 18 is arranged on the reversing shaft 8, and the driving spur gear 19 is arranged on the driving shaft 9. The reversing gear 18 is meshed and connected with the driven spur gear 17 and the driving spur gear 19. The driving shaft 9 rotates to drive the driving spur gear 19 to rotate. The driving spur gear 19 drives the driven spur gear 17 to rotate through the reversing gear 18, thereby driving the pressure roller shaft 7 to rotate.

[0048] In this embodiment, the forming holes 14 are evenly distributed in several rows around the ring die body 4, and the compression punches 15 are evenly distributed in several rows around the pressure roller body 5. The compression punches 15 are arranged in coordination with the forming holes 14 so that when the ring die body 4 and the pressure roller body 5 rotate, the compression punches 15 can mesh and transmit with the forming holes 14; the angle between the center line of the forming hole 14 and the axis line of the ring die body 4 is 45°; the angle between the axis line of the compression punch 15 and the axis line of the pressure roller body 5 is 45°.

[0049] In this embodiment, Figure 3 As shown, a chamfer 20 is provided at one end of the forming hole 14 located at the top of the ring die body 4. The setting of the chamfer 20 facilitates the biomass material to enter the forming hole 14, thereby ensuring the working stability of the forming machine.

[0050] In this embodiment, an inclined material guide plate 21 is also provided in the chassis 1 at the bottom of the ring mold body 4, and a discharge port 22 is provided on the side wall of the chassis 1 opposite to the material guide plate 21. The material extruded in the forming hole 14 falls through the forming hole 14, is guided to the discharge port 22 by the material guide plate 21, and is output from the chassis 1.

[0051] In this embodiment, the driving device is an electromagnetic speed regulating motor arranged outside the chassis 1 .

[0052] The present invention uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only used to help understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scopes. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A new type of biomass ring die forming machine with external meshing back cone plunger, characterized in that: It includes a chassis, a driving device, a ring die body, a pressure roller body, a ring die shaft, a pressure roller shaft, a reversing shaft and a driving shaft. The chassis is provided with a forming area and a transmission area. The ring die shaft is vertically arranged. The bottom end of the ring die shaft is rotatably connected with the chassis bottom plate. The top end of the ring die shaft passes through the transverse partition between the forming area and the transmission area and extends into the transmission area. The top end of the ring die shaft is provided with a driven bevel gear. The pressure roller shaft, the reversing shaft and the driving shaft are arranged horizontally and in sequence from the bottom to the top of the side wall of the chassis. One end of the pressure roller shaft is rotatably connected to the side wall of the chassis, and the other end passes through the vertical partition between the transmission area and the forming area and extends into the forming area. One end of the reversing shaft is rotatably connected to the side wall of the chassis, and the other end is rotatably connected to the vertical partition. One end of the driving shaft is connected to the driving device, and the other end passes through the side wall of the chassis and the vertical partition and extends into the transmission area. A driving bevel gear is also provided at the end of the driving shaft, and the driving bevel gear is meshed and connected with the driven bevel gear; the pressure roller shaft, the reversing shaft and the driving shaft in the transmission area are also connected by a gear transmission system, and the driving device drives the driving shaft to rotate, and the rotation of the driving shaft is transmitted to the pressure roller shaft through the gear transmission system, thereby driving the pressure roller shaft to rotate; The ring die body is arranged on the ring die shaft and is located in the forming area. The ring die body is an umbrella-shaped rotating body structure. A plurality of forming holes are arranged circumferentially on the ring die body. The pressure roller body is arranged on the pressure roller shaft and is located in the forming area. The pressure roller body is a cone structure. A plurality of compression punches are arranged circumferentially on the pressure roller body. The compression punches are arranged opposite to the forming holes and are connected in a bevel gear-like meshing manner. When the pressure roller shaft drives the pressure roller body to rotate and the ring die shaft drives the ring die body to rotate, the compression punches on the pressure roller body are engaged with the forming holes on the ring die body. The compression punches can extrude and discharge the loose biomass material between the pressure roller body and the ring die body from the forming holes.

2. The external meshing back cone plunger type novel biomass ring die forming machine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The transverse partition is vertically welded to the plate body of the vertical partition, the area formed by the bottom of the transverse partition and one side of the vertical partition is the forming area, and the area formed by the top of the transverse partition and the other side of the vertical partition is the transmission area.

3. The external meshing back cone plunger type novel biomass ring die forming machine according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A feeding funnel is also arranged on one side of the top of the diaphragm for adding materials into the forming area.

4. The external meshing back cone plunger type novel biomass ring die forming machine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The ring die shaft is connected to the chassis bottom plate and the transverse partition plate through bearings.

5. The external meshing back cone plunger type novel biomass ring die forming machine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The pressure roller shaft, the reversing shaft and the driving shaft are connected to the side wall of the chassis and the vertical partition through bearings.

6. The external meshing back cone plunger type novel biomass ring die forming machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gear transmission system includes a driven spur gear, a reversing gear and a driving spur gear, wherein the driven spur gear is arranged on the pressure roller shaft, the reversing gear is arranged on the reversing shaft, and the driving spur gear is arranged on the driving shaft. The reversing gear is meshed and connected with the driven spur gear and the driving spur gear. The driving shaft rotates to drive the driving spur gear to rotate, and the driving spur gear drives the driven spur gear to rotate through the reversing gear, thereby driving the pressure roller shaft to rotate.

7. The external meshing back cone plunger type novel biomass ring die forming machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The forming holes are evenly distributed in several rows in the circumferential direction on the ring die body, and the compression punches are evenly distributed in several rows in the circumferential direction on the pressure roller body. The compression punches are matched with the forming holes so that when the ring die body and the pressure roller body rotate, the compression punches can mesh and transmit with the forming holes.

8. The external meshing back cone plunger type novel biomass ring die forming machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: The included angle between the center line of the forming hole and the axis line of the ring die body is 45°; the included angle between the axis line of the compression punch and the axis line of the pressure roller body is 45°.

9. The external meshing back cone plunger type novel biomass ring die forming machine according to claim 8, characterized in that: One end of the forming hole located at the top of the ring die body is chamfered.

10. The external meshing back cone plunger type novel biomass ring die forming machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: An inclined material guide plate is also arranged in the chassis at the bottom of the ring die body, and a material discharge port is arranged on the side wall of the chassis at a position opposite to the material guide plate.

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