Spindle and ultrasonic machining mechanism

Abstract

The present invention relates to a spindle and an ultrasonic machining mechanism, the ultrasonic machining mechanism comprises a horn, a clamping member, an ultrasonic transducer and a housing, one end of the horn is directly assembled in a clamping hole, and is clamped between the clamping member and a rotating shaft through a clamping member, and an ultrasonic transducer is arranged on a bearing portion on the clamping member. The ultrasonic transducer converts an ultrasonic frequency electrical signal into mechanical energy, the clamping member transmits the mechanical energy to the horn, and the horn amplifies the mechanical energy so that a tool head on the horn generates ultrasonic vibration to perform ultrasonic machining of a workpiece. The horn is directly assembled in the clamping hole, and the ultrasonic transducer is directly sleeved on the rotating shaft and the horn through the clamping member, so that even if there is no mounting structure for a tool handle on the rotating shaft, the function of ultrasonic machining can be realized. The tool handle structure is omitted, which is not only light in weight, simple in structure, and relatively small in moment of inertia, but also can realize high-speed machining, and can avoid adverse effects on the vibration and precision of the overall structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of ultrasonic machining, in particular to a spindle and an ultrasonic machining mechanism. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous improvement of modern science and technology and industry's requirements for materials, especially in the fields of aerospace, chemical industry, military, machinery, electronic appliances and precision manufacturing, in addition to requiring materials to have some special properties, they must also have excellent comprehensive properties. However, these materials, such as ceramics, glass, graphite, silicon carbide, etc., often have processing difficulties such as high strength, high hardness, and high brittleness, making it difficult for traditional milling technology to achieve efficient and high-quality milling processing.

[0003] Ultrasonic machining is a composite machining method that uses ultrasonic vibration attached to the tool head to achieve hard, brittle, and difficult-to-machine materials with superior physical, chemical, and mechanical properties, such as ceramics, glass, sapphire, zirconium oxide, and silicon carbide. It has the characteristics of high machining accuracy and good machining surface quality, so it is widely used in machining hard and brittle materials. Especially in recent years, with the rapid development of industries such as mobile phones and luxury goods, the machining requirements for hard, brittle, and difficult-to-machine materials such as sapphire and zirconium oxide are getting higher and higher, and the application volume is also increasing. How to conveniently, quickly, and reliably apply ultrasonic technology on machine tools has become the direction of industry research and exploration.

[0004] The spindle is the core component of the machine tool. The traditional spindle does not have its own ultrasonic processing function, so an ultrasonic tool holder that can generate ultrasonic vibration is usually installed on the spindle to perform ultrasonic processing on the workpiece. However, some spindles do not have a mounting structure that is suitable for the ultrasonic tool holder, so the ultrasonic tool holder cannot be installed, and the workpiece cannot be ultrasonically processed; in addition, because the ultrasonic tool holder is generally heavy and has a complex structure, it will have an adverse effect on the runout and accuracy of the overall structure. Summary of the invention

[0005] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a spindle and ultrasonic machining mechanism that can perform ultrasonic machining and has a light weight, simple structure, and avoids adverse effects on the vibration and accuracy of the overall structure in order to address the above technical problems.

[0006] An ultrasonic machining mechanism, comprising:

[0007] A horn, one end of which is used to be assembled in a clamping hole on the rotating shaft of the main shaft;

[0008] A clamping member, which is used to be sleeved outside the horn and the rotating shaft and clamp the horn on the rotating shaft, and the clamping member is also provided with a bearing portion;

[0009] an ultrasonic transducer, sleeved on the clamping member and fixed on the bearing portion; and

[0010] The shell is sleeved outside the clamping member so that the ultrasonic transducer is located in the space formed between the shell and the clamping member.

[0011] In one embodiment, the amplitude transformer includes an assembly portion, which is conical and is used to be assembled in a clamping hole of the rotating shaft.

[0012] In one embodiment, the amplitude transformer further includes a rod body portion, the rod body portion is connected to the assembly portion, and the outer periphery of the rod body portion further protrudes to form a boss, and the side of the boss facing away from the rotating shaft is used to abut against the clamping member.

[0013] In one embodiment, a surface of the boss facing away from the rotating shaft is a first inclined surface and its outer diameter gradually decreases in a direction away from the assembly portion, and a second inclined surface matching the first inclined surface is formed on the clamping member.

[0014] In one embodiment, a first positioning portion is formed on the outer periphery of the clamping member, and a second positioning portion matching the first positioning portion is formed on the outer shell.

[0015] In one embodiment, the first positioning portion is a positioning step, the second positioning portion is a positioning groove provided on the housing, and the positioning step matches the positioning groove.

[0016] In one embodiment, the ultrasonic transducer includes a ceramic sheet and an electrode sheet, wherein the ceramic sheet and the electrode sheet are stacked and located in a space formed between the housing and the clamping member.

[0017] In one of the embodiments, the ultrasonic transducer further includes a rear cover plate, wherein the rear cover plate is sleeved on the clamping member, and the ceramic sheet and the electrode sheet are located between the rear cover plate and the bearing portion.

[0018] In one embodiment, a wireless receiving component is further included. The wireless receiving component is sleeved outside the main shaft and is located at the rear end of the housing, the clamping member and the ultrasonic transducer.

[0019] In one embodiment, the wireless receiving component includes a wireless receiving shell, a wireless receiving magnetic core and a wireless receiving coil. The wireless receiving coil is located in the wireless receiving magnetic core and is electrically connected to the ultrasonic transducer. The wireless receiving magnetic core is located in the wireless receiving shell. The wireless receiving shell seals the space formed between the outer shell and the clamping member.

[0020] In one of the embodiments, it further includes a wireless receiving component, and the wireless receiving component is mounted outside the shell.

[0021] In one embodiment, the wireless receiving component includes a wireless receiving shell, a wireless receiving magnetic core and a wireless receiving coil. The wireless receiving coil is located in the wireless receiving magnetic core and is electrically connected to the ultrasonic transducer. The wireless receiving magnetic core is located in the wireless receiving shell. A positioning ring is formed on the shell, and the wireless receiving shell is positioned on the positioning ring.

[0022] In one of the embodiments, a wireless receiving component is further included. The wireless receiving component is located at the front end of the housing and is sleeved outside the amplitude changing rod. There is a distance between the wireless receiving component and the amplitude changing rod.

[0023] A main spindle comprises a rotating shaft and the ultrasonic machining mechanism as described in any one of the above items.

[0024] The above spindle and ultrasonic machining mechanism have at least the following advantages:

[0025] During assembly, one end of the horn is directly assembled in the clamping hole on the rotating shaft of the main shaft, and the clamping piece clamps the horn on the rotating shaft, and the ultrasonic transducer is fixed on the bearing part on the clamping piece. During operation, the ultrasonic transducer converts the ultrasonic frequency electrical signal into mechanical energy, and transmits the mechanical energy to the horn through the clamping piece, and the horn amplifies the mechanical energy so that the tool head on the horn generates ultrasonic vibration to perform ultrasonic processing of the workpiece. The above-mentioned main shaft and ultrasonic processing mechanism directly assemble the horn in the clamping hole, and the ultrasonic transducer is directly sleeved on the rotating shaft and the horn outside the clamping piece. Even if there is no mounting structure for the tool handle on the rotating shaft, the horn can be assembled on the rotating shaft, and the transducer can be sleeved on the rotating shaft and the horn outside the clamping piece to realize the function of ultrasonic processing. Therefore, the tool handle structure is omitted, which is not only light in weight, simple in structure, and relatively small in moment of inertia, but also can realize high-speed processing, and can avoid adverse effects on the vibration and precision of the overall structure. In addition, after adopting the above structure, the spindle structure of any machine tool can be simply and quickly modified to achieve ultrasonic processing. It has very good versatility and there is no need to consider designing the spindle structure and size to match an independent ultrasonic tool holder. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a main shaft in one embodiment;

[0027] Figure 2 for Figure 1 a cross-sectional view of the spindle shown;

[0028] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A partial schematic diagram of

[0029] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a main shaft in another embodiment;

[0030] Figure 5 for Figure 4 a cross-sectional view of the spindle;

[0031] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A partial schematic diagram of . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the connotation of the present invention, so the present invention is not limited by the specific implementation disclosed below.

[0033] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be a central element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be a central element at the same time. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only implementation method.

[0034] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those generally understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs. The terms used herein in the specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. The various technical features of the above-described embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. In order to make the description concise, all possible combinations of the various technical features in the above-described embodiments are not described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0035] See also Figures 1 to 3 In one embodiment, a spindle 10 includes an ultrasonic machining mechanism 100, a collet 200, a nut 300, and a tool head 400. The spindle 10 is used to be installed on a machine tool. The spindle 10 has a rotating shaft 11, and a clamping hole 12 is opened on the rotating shaft 11. For example, the clamping hole 12 is opened on the bottom end surface of the rotating shaft 11, and the clamping hole 12 extends upward, and the rotating shaft 11 rotates during operation. The ultrasonic machining mechanism 100 includes a horn 110, a clamping member 120, an ultrasonic transducer 130, and a housing 140.

[0036] One end of the horn 110 is used to be assembled in the clamping hole 12 on the rotating shaft 11. The clamping member 120 is used to be sleeved outside the horn 110 and the rotating shaft 11, and clamp the horn 110 on the rotating shaft 11. That is, the horn 110 is installed and clamped on the rotating shaft 11 by the clamping member 120, and is no longer implemented by the ultrasonic knife handle. The clamping member 120 is also provided with a bearing portion 121.

[0037] The ultrasonic transducer 130 is sleeved on the clamping member 120 and fixed on the bearing portion 121. The housing 140 is sleeved outside the clamping member 120 so that the ultrasonic transducer 130 is located in the space formed between the housing 140 and the clamping member 120. The clamping assembly includes the above-mentioned clamping member 120 and the housing 140. The clamping member 120 clamps the horn 110 between the clamping member 120 and the rotating shaft 11, and the housing 140 is sleeved outside the clamping member 120.

[0038] During assembly, one end of the horn 110 is directly assembled in the clamping hole 12 on the bottom end surface of the rotating shaft 11, and the clamp 120 clamps the horn 110 on the rotating shaft 11, and the ultrasonic transducer 130 is fixed on the bearing portion 121 on the clamp 120. During operation, the ultrasonic transducer 130 converts the ultrasonic frequency electrical signal into mechanical energy, and transmits the mechanical energy to the horn 110 through the clamp 120, and the horn 110 amplifies the mechanical energy, so that the tool head 400 on the horn 110 generates ultrasonic vibration, and ultrasonically processes the workpiece. The spindle 10 and ultrasonic machining mechanism 100 directly assemble the horn 110 in the clamping hole 12, and directly sleeve the ultrasonic transducer 130 on the rotating shaft 11 and the outside of the horn 110 through the clamp 120. Even if there is no mounting structure for the tool handle on the rotating shaft 11, the horn 110 can be assembled on the rotating shaft 11, and the transducer can be sleeved on the rotating shaft 11 and the outside of the horn 110 through the clamp 120 to realize the function of ultrasonic machining. Therefore, the tool handle structure is omitted, which is not only light in weight, simple in structure, and relatively small in moment of inertia, but also can achieve high-speed machining, and can avoid adverse effects on the vibration and accuracy of the overall structure. In addition, after adopting the above structure, the spindle structure of any machine tool can be simply and quickly modified to achieve ultrasonic machining, and the versatility is very good, and there is no need to consider the design of the spindle structure and size to match the independent ultrasonic tool handle.

[0039] Specifically, the horn 110 includes an assembly portion 111, which is conical. Correspondingly, the clamping hole 12 is conical, and the assembly portion 111 is used to be assembled in the clamping hole 12 of the rotating shaft 11. Therefore, the horn 110 and the clamping hole 12 can be matched.

[0040] Furthermore, the horn 110 further includes a rod body 112, which is connected to the assembly portion 111. A boss 113 is formed on the outer periphery of the rod body 112, and the boss 113 is used to abut against the clamping member 120 on a side facing away from the rotating shaft 11. That is, when the clamping member 120 clamps the horn 110 on one end of the rotating shaft 11, the clamping member 120 abuts against the side of the boss 113 facing away from the rotating shaft 11.

[0041] Furthermore, the side of the boss 113 facing away from the rotating shaft 11 is a first inclined surface 114, and its outer diameter gradually decreases in the direction away from the assembly portion 111, and the clamping member 120 is formed with a second inclined surface 124 that matches the first inclined surface 114. The first inclined surface 114 and the second inclined surface 124 that match each other can play a guiding role during assembly, which is conducive to ensuring the stability between the clamping member 120 and the horn 110 after assembly.

[0042] Furthermore, a surface of the boss 113 facing the rotating shaft 11 is a plane. Therefore, when the horn 110 is assembled into the clamping hole 12 , the plane can avoid interference between the horn 110 and the rotating shaft 11 .

[0043] Further, the clamping member 120 includes a sleeve portion 122 and a clamping portion 123 connected to each other, the bearing portion 121 is arranged on the sleeve portion 122, and the clamping portion 123 is used to clamp the horn 110 to one end of the rotating shaft 11. For example, the sleeve portion 122 and the clamping portion 123 are integrally formed, and the bearing portion 121, the sleeve portion 122 and the clamping portion 123 are all integrally formed. The inner side wall of the sleeve portion 122 is formed with an internal thread, and the outer side wall of the rotating shaft 11 is formed with an external thread. The sleeve portion 122 is screwed to the bottom end of the rotating shaft 11 in a manner that the internal thread and the external thread match. The second inclined surface 124 is formed on the inner side of the clamping portion 123, and the diameter of the inner side of the clamping portion 123 gradually decreases in the direction away from the rotating shaft 11.

[0044] Furthermore, a first positioning portion 125 is formed on the outer periphery of the clamping member 120, and a second positioning portion 141 is formed on the housing 140 to match the first positioning portion 125. When the housing 140 is assembled, the first positioning portion 125 matches the second positioning portion 141, which is conducive to improving the convenience of assembly. For example, the first positioning portion 125 is located outside the sleeve portion 122, and the first positioning portion 125 is located below the bearing portion 121.

[0045] Specifically, the first positioning portion 125 is a positioning step, and the second positioning portion 141 is a positioning groove provided on the housing 140, and the positioning step cooperates with the positioning groove. Therefore, after the housing 140 is assembled, the positioning step cooperates with the positioning groove, which not only plays a positioning role, but also improves the sealing between the housing 140 and the clamping member 120 to prevent external water vapor and impurities from entering.

[0046] Furthermore, the housing 140 includes a shell 142 and a shell plate 143. The shell plate 143 is located at one end of the housing 142. A through hole is formed on the shell plate 143, and a positioning groove is formed on the side wall of the through hole. For example, the positioning groove is formed on the inner bottom wall of the shell plate 143, which prolongs the travel of external water vapor and impurities entering the space formed between the housing 140 and the clamping member 120, and forms a maze-like structure, which is conducive to further improving the sealing performance.

[0047] Furthermore, the ultrasonic transducer 130 includes a ceramic sheet 131 and an electrode sheet 132, which are stacked and located in a space formed between the housing 140 and the clamping member 120. The ultrasonic transducer 130 also includes a rear cover plate 133, which is sleeved on the clamping member 120, and the ceramic sheet 131 and the electrode sheet 132 are located between the rear cover plate 133 and the bearing portion 121. The rear cover plate 133 presses the ceramic sheet 131 and the electrode sheet 132 onto the bearing portion 121 to improve the stability of the structure.

[0048] Furthermore, the ultrasonic machining mechanism 100 further includes a wireless receiving assembly 150, which is sleeved outside the housing 140. This assembly method saves axial space and is suitable for the problem that the spindle fixture is not extended long enough. At this time, the housing 140 further includes a sealing cover plate 144, which covers the rear end of the housing 140, the clamping member 120 and the rear cover plate 133 of the ultrasonic transducer 130, and seals the ultrasonic transducer 130 in the space formed between the housing 140 and the clamping member 120 to prevent external water vapor and impurities from entering.

[0049] Specifically, the wireless receiving component 150 includes a wireless receiving shell 151, a wireless receiving magnetic core 152 and a wireless receiving coil 153. The wireless receiving coil 153 is located in the wireless receiving magnetic core 152 and is electrically connected to the ultrasonic transducer 130. The wireless receiving magnetic core 152 is located in the wireless receiving shell 151. A positioning ring 145 is formed on the outer shell 140, and the wireless receiving shell 151 is positioned on the positioning ring 145.

[0050] Of course, see Figures 4 to 6 In another embodiment, the wireless receiving component 150 is sleeved outside the spindle 10 and is located at the rear end of the housing 140, the clamping member 120 and the ultrasonic transducer 130. The overall structure is small in size and concentrated on the axis core, making the spindle's rotational inertia smaller. It should be explained that the direction in which the tool head approaches the workpiece is the front end direction, and the direction in which the tool head approaches the spindle is the rear end direction. Figure 1 and Figure 4 In the middle, the upper part is the back end and the lower part is the front end.

[0051] The wireless receiving assembly 150 includes a wireless receiving housing 151, a wireless receiving magnetic core 152 and a wireless receiving coil 153. The wireless receiving coil 153 is located in the wireless receiving magnetic core 152 and is electrically connected to the ultrasonic transducer 130. The wireless receiving magnetic core 152 is located in the wireless receiving housing 151. The wireless receiving housing 151 seals the space formed between the housing 140 and the clamping member 120. In this case, the housing 140 can omit the sealing cover plate, and the space formed between the housing 140 and the clamping member 120 is sealed by the wireless receiving housing 151.

[0052] Of course, in another embodiment, the wireless receiving component can also be located at the front end of the housing and sleeved outside the horn, with a distance between the wireless receiving component and the horn. In this case, the rear end of the housing is sealed by a sealing cover.

[0053] Furthermore, a sleeve hole 115 is formed at one end of the horn 110 , one end of the tool head 400 is clamped in the collet 200 , and the nut 300 locks the collet 200 in the sleeve hole 115 of the horn 110 .

[0054] The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0055] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this field, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. An ultrasonic machining mechanism, characterized in that: include: A horn, one end of which is used to be assembled in a clamping hole on the rotating shaft of the main shaft; A clamping member, which is used to be sleeved outside the horn and the rotating shaft and clamp the horn on the rotating shaft, and the clamping member is also provided with a bearing portion; an ultrasonic transducer, sleeved on the clamping member and fixed on the bearing portion; and A housing, which is sleeved outside the clamping member so that the ultrasonic transducer is located in a space formed between the housing and the clamping member; The amplitude changing rod includes an assembly portion and a rod body portion, the rod body portion is connected to the assembly portion, the outer periphery of the rod body portion also protrudes to form a boss, and the side of the boss facing away from the rotating shaft is used to abut against the clamping member; the side of the boss facing away from the rotating shaft is a first inclined surface and its outer diameter gradually decreases in the direction away from the assembly portion, and a second inclined surface matching the first inclined surface is formed on the clamping member; a first positioning portion is also formed on the outer periphery of the clamping member, and a second positioning portion matching the first positioning portion is formed on the outer shell; the first positioning portion is a positioning step, and the second positioning portion is a positioning groove opened on the outer shell, and the positioning step matches the positioning groove.

2. The ultrasonic machining mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The assembly portion is conical and is used for being assembled in the clamping hole of the rotating shaft.

3. The ultrasonic machining mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ultrasonic transducer comprises a ceramic sheet and an electrode sheet, wherein the ceramic sheet and the electrode sheet are stacked and located in a space formed between the housing and the clamping member.

4. The ultrasonic machining mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: The ultrasonic transducer further comprises a rear cover plate, wherein the rear cover plate is sleeved on the clamping member, and the ceramic sheet and the electrode sheet are located between the rear cover plate and the bearing portion.

5. The ultrasonic machining mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a wireless receiving component, which is sleeved outside the main shaft and located at the rear end of the shell, the clamping member and the ultrasonic transducer.

6. The ultrasonic machining mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: The wireless receiving component includes a wireless receiving shell, a wireless receiving magnetic core and a wireless receiving coil. The wireless receiving coil is located in the wireless receiving magnetic core and is electrically connected to the ultrasonic transducer. The wireless receiving magnetic core is located in the wireless receiving shell. The wireless receiving shell seals the space formed between the shell and the clamping member.

7. The ultrasonic machining mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a wireless receiving component, which is sleeved outside the shell.

8. The ultrasonic machining mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that: The wireless receiving component includes a wireless receiving shell, a wireless receiving magnetic core and a wireless receiving coil. The wireless receiving coil is located in the wireless receiving magnetic core and is electrically connected to the ultrasonic transducer. The wireless receiving magnetic core is located in the wireless receiving shell. A positioning ring is formed on the shell, and the wireless receiving shell is positioned on the positioning ring.

9. The ultrasonic machining mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a wireless receiving component, which is located at the front end of the shell and is sleeved outside the amplitude changing rod. There is a distance between the wireless receiving component and the amplitude changing rod.

10. A spindle, characterized in that: It comprises a rotating shaft and the ultrasonic machining mechanism as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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