Integrated device for hydrogen separation and water gas reforming

Abstract

The present invention relates to an integrated device for hydrogen separation and water-gas reforming, comprising a reaction chamber, a hydrogen separation chamber and a water-gas reforming chamber arranged in the reaction chamber, a hydrogen absorption tube inserted in the hydrogen separation chamber, suitable for separating pure hydrogen; the water-gas reforming chamber is provided with a catalyst filler, and the water-gas reforming chamber is provided with a hydrogen mixed residual gas inlet; the hydrogen absorption tube absorbs hydrogen and separates the mixed gas in the hydrogen separation chamber, the separated pure hydrogen is output from the pure hydrogen outlet of the hydrogen absorption tube, and the separated carbon dioxide mixed residual gas is output from the carbon dioxide mixed residual gas outlet. The hydrogen separation chamber and the water-gas reforming chamber are integrated in the same reaction chamber, so that the operating temperatures of hydrogen separation and water-gas reforming are controlled in the same range, water-gas reforming and hydrogen separation are integrated, and the layout structure of the entire hydrogen production system is optimized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an integrated device for hydrogen separation and water-gas reforming. Background Art

[0002] Hydrogen energy is the most ideal energy in the 21st century. As automobile fuel, it is easy to start at low temperatures and has little corrosion to the engine, which can extend the service life of the engine. Since hydrogen and air can be evenly mixed, the carburetor used in general cars can be completely omitted, thereby simplifying the structure of existing cars. What is more interesting is that as long as 4% hydrogen is added to gasoline, using it as automobile engine fuel can save 40% of fuel, and there is no need to make much improvement to the gasoline engine. Hydrogen fuel cells are used as power generation systems.

[0003] No pollution, fuel cells are environmentally friendly. It is through electrochemical reactions, rather than combustion (gasoline, diesel) or energy storage (battery) - the most typical traditional backup power solutions. Combustion releases pollutants such as COx, NOx, SOx gases and dust. As mentioned above, fuel cells only produce water and heat. If hydrogen is produced by renewable energy (photovoltaic panels, wind power generation, etc.), the entire cycle is a complete process without harmful emissions.

[0004] No noise, fuel cells run quietly, with noise levels of only about 55dB, equivalent to the level of normal conversation. This makes fuel cells suitable for a wider range of applications, including indoor installations or outdoor locations with noise restrictions.

[0005] High efficiency: The power generation efficiency of fuel cells can reach more than 50%, which is determined by the conversion properties of fuel cells, which directly convert chemical energy into electrical energy without the need for intermediate conversion of thermal energy and mechanical energy (generator), because the efficiency decreases once more energy conversion occurs.

[0006] The current hydrogen production system is a relatively large system engineering. For example, the patent application in China is patent number: 201420661615.4, and the patent name is: methanol water hydrogen generator. The hydrogen production system introduced in the patent is to first vaporize methanol water into methanol water vapor, and then send the methanol water vapor into a reformer to generate a mixed gas of hydrogen, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide (the gas phase components of the mixed gas of hydrogen, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide are 65-75% hydrogen, 20-26% carbon dioxide, and 0.3-3% carbon monoxide;), and then send the mixed gas of hydrogen, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide into a hydrogen separation device, and the hydrogen in the mixed gas of hydrogen, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide is separated by the hydrogen separation device and collected. The gas phase components of the separated carbon dioxide mixed gas include 25-45% hydrogen, 55-75% carbon dioxide, 0.3-3% carbon monoxide and 0-3% water. The carbon dioxide mixed gas still contains a certain amount of hydrogen and carbon dioxide. Therefore, as long as the carbon dioxide mixed gas is reformed, this part of the mixed gas can still enter the hydrogen separation device again for hydrogen separation, thereby realizing the recycling of the carbon dioxide mixed gas.

[0007] At present, the specific operation is to control the pressure and temperature of the carbon dioxide mixed gas, liquefy a part of the carbon dioxide, and then the remaining is the hydrogen mixed residual gas, the components of the hydrogen mixed residual gas are 65-75% hydrogen, 20-26% carbon dioxide, and 3-9% carbon monoxide, and control the carbon dioxide component content of the hydrogen mixed residual gas to be 20-26%, which corresponds to the carbon dioxide content in the mixed gas of hydrogen, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide, and then the hydrogen mixed residual gas is reformed with water gas to generate a reformed mixed gas, the gas phase components of the reformed mixed gas are 62-77% hydrogen, 22-27% carbon dioxide, and 0.5-1.5% carbon monoxide; reduce the carbon monoxide content in the hydrogen mixed residual gas, and increase the hydrogen component content to 62-77%, so that the gas phase components of the reformed mixed gas correspond to the gas phase components of the mixed gas of hydrogen, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide. Due to the corresponding components, the reformed mixed gas can enter the hydrogen separation device again for circulation and hydrogen separation.

[0008] The above is an introduction to the current hydrogen production system. In the current hydrogen production system, the hydrogen separation device and the water gas reforming device are two independent devices, which need to be connected by pipelines, making the entire hydrogen production system complicated and also causing the hydrogen production efficiency of the hydrogen production system to be low. Summary of the invention

[0009] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide an integrated hydrogen separation and water-gas reforming device to solve the problem of complex system caused by the split structure between the previous hydrogen separation device and the water-gas reforming device.

[0010] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is:

[0011] A hydrogen separation and water gas reforming integrated device comprises a reaction chamber, a heating chamber is arranged outside the reaction chamber, and is suitable for providing a reaction temperature for the reaction chamber;

[0012] A hydrogen separation chamber and a water-gas reforming chamber are arranged in the reaction chamber, wherein the hydrogen separation chamber is located above the water-gas reforming chamber and the hydrogen separation chamber is communicated with the water-gas reforming chamber;

[0013] The hydrogen separation chamber is provided with a mixed gas inlet and a carbon dioxide mixed residual gas outlet, and a hydrogen absorption tube is inserted into the hydrogen separation chamber, which is suitable for separating pure hydrogen; the water-gas reforming chamber is provided with a catalyst filler, and the water-gas reforming chamber is provided with a hydrogen mixed residual gas inlet;

[0014] A mixed gas of hydrogen, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide generated by methanol water vapor is sent into the hydrogen separation chamber from the mixed gas inlet, and the hydrogen mixed residual gas is sent into the water gas reforming chamber for reforming to become a reformed mixed gas. The gas phase components of the reformed mixed gas correspond to the gas phase components of the mixed gas of hydrogen, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide. After entering the hydrogen separation chamber, the reformed mixed gas is mixed with the mixed gas of hydrogen, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide. The hydrogen absorption tube absorbs hydrogen and separates the mixed gas in the hydrogen separation chamber, and the separated pure hydrogen is output from the pure hydrogen outlet of the hydrogen absorption tube, and the separated carbon dioxide mixed residual gas is output from the carbon dioxide mixed residual gas outlet.

[0015] Furthermore, the hydrogen absorption tube is a niobium tube, the catalyst filler is a copper-based filler, and the operating temperature of the reaction chamber is 200-350°C;

[0016] Alternatively, the catalyst filler is a zirconium-based filler, and the operating temperature of the reaction chamber is 350-550°C.

[0017] Furthermore, the hydrogen absorption tube is a palladium membrane tube or a palladium alloy membrane tube, the catalyst filler is a zirconium-based filler, and the operating temperature of the reaction chamber is 250-550°C.

[0018] Furthermore, the gas phase components of the mixed gas of hydrogen, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide are 65-75% hydrogen, 20-26% carbon dioxide and 0.3-3% carbon monoxide;

[0019] The gas phase components of the carbon dioxide mixed residual gas are 25-45% hydrogen, 55-75% carbon dioxide, 0.3-3% carbon monoxide and 0-3% water;

[0020] The gas phase components of the reformed mixed gas are 62-77% hydrogen, 22-27% carbon dioxide, and 0.5-1.5% carbon monoxide;

[0021] The components of the hydrogen mixed residual gas are 65-75% hydrogen, 20-26% carbon dioxide and 3-9% carbon monoxide.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0023] The present invention provides an integrated hydrogen separation and water-gas reforming device, which integrates a hydrogen separation chamber and a water-gas reforming chamber in the same reaction chamber, so that the operating temperatures of hydrogen separation and water-gas reforming are controlled in the same range, thereby realizing the integration of water-gas reforming and hydrogen separation and optimizing the layout structure of the entire hydrogen production system.

[0024] On the one hand, hydrogen production is harmless and has zero emissions; on the other hand, by reducing carbon dioxide emissions and turning it into methanol, greenhouse gases can be turned into useful methanol liquid fuel. Methanol liquid fuel can be used to build hydrogen refueling stations. Solar fuel sources are very abundant, including light, wind, water, and nuclear energy. Carbon dioxide can be hydrogenated to produce methanol, which can be transported. Storage and transportation are not a problem. Overall, the problems of production, storage, transportation, and installation have been solved.

[0025] First, the liquid sunshine hydrogenation station solves the safety problem of high-pressure hydrogenation stations; second, it solves the storage, transportation and safety problems of hydrogen; third, hydrogen can be used as a renewable energy source to achieve the goal of full-process cleanliness; fourth, the liquid sunshine hydrogenation station can recycle carbon dioxide to achieve carbon dioxide emission reduction, and no further carbon dioxide will be produced, and carbon dioxide will continue to circulate there; fifth, the liquid sunshine hydrogenation station technology can also be extended to other chemical synthesis fields, and can also be used in chemical hydrogenation; sixth, it can be used together with gas stations and methanol stations. It is particularly suitable for the energy supply of community distributed combined heat and power and the current gas stations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the integrated device for hydrogen separation and water gas reforming of the present invention;

[0028] Among them, 31 is a water-gas reforming chamber, 32 is a hydrogen separation chamber, 33 is a hydrogen absorption tube, and 34 is a heating chamber. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The present invention will now be further described in conjunction with specific embodiments. These drawings are simplified schematic diagrams that only illustrate the basic structure of the present invention in a schematic manner, and therefore only show the components related to the present invention.

[0030] Embodiment 1

[0031] like Figure 1As shown, a hydrogen separation and water-gas reforming integrated device includes a reaction chamber, a heating chamber 34 is arranged outside the reaction chamber, suitable for providing a reaction temperature for the reaction chamber; a hydrogen separation chamber 32 and a water-gas reforming chamber 31 are arranged in the reaction chamber, the hydrogen separation chamber 32 is located above the water-gas reforming chamber 31, and the hydrogen separation chamber 32 is connected with the water-gas reforming chamber 31; the hydrogen separation chamber 32 and the water-gas reforming chamber 31 operate at the same reaction temperature.

[0032] The hydrogen separation chamber 32 is provided with a mixed gas inlet and a carbon dioxide mixed residual gas outlet, and a hydrogen absorption tube is inserted into the hydrogen separation chamber 32, which is suitable for separating pure hydrogen; the water-gas reforming chamber 31 is provided with a catalyst filler, and the water-gas reforming chamber 31 is provided with a hydrogen mixed residual gas inlet.

[0033] In this embodiment, the hydrogen absorption tube 33 is a niobium tube, the catalyst filler is a copper-based filler, and the operating temperature of the reaction chamber is 200-350°C; or, the catalyst filler is a zirconium-based filler, and the operating temperature of the reaction chamber is 350-550°C.

[0034] Alternatively, the hydrogen absorption tube 33 is a palladium membrane tube or a palladium alloy membrane tube, the catalyst filler is a zirconium-based filler, and the operating temperature of the reaction chamber is 250-550°C.

[0035] Copper-based fillers or zirconium-based fillers correspond to two different catalytic temperatures. The catalytic temperature corresponding to the copper-based filler is lower than that of the zirconium-based filler. The catalytic reaction temperature of the copper-based filler is 200-350°C, and the catalytic reaction temperature of the zirconium-based filler is 350-550°C.

[0036] The mixed gas of hydrogen, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide generated by methanol water vapor has a gas phase composition of 65-75% hydrogen, 20-26% carbon dioxide and 0.3-3% carbon monoxide; the mixed gas of hydrogen, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide enters the hydrogen separation chamber 32 from the mixed gas inlet; the hydrogen mixed residual gas enters the water gas reforming chamber 31 from the hydrogen mixed residual gas inlet, and the components of the hydrogen mixed residual gas are 65-75% hydrogen, 20-26% carbon dioxide and 3-9% carbon monoxide; the hydrogen mixed residual gas undergoes a water reforming reaction in the water gas reforming chamber 31, and water is distributed according to the content of carbon monoxide, and the water distribution ratio (carbon monoxide: water) is 1:0.9-1. The water gas reforming reaction formula is: CO+H2O→CO2+H2; the hydrogen mixed residual gas is sent into the water-gas reforming chamber 31 for reforming to become a reformed mixed gas, and the gas phase components of the reformed mixed gas are 62-77% hydrogen, 22-27% carbon dioxide, and 0.5-1.5% carbon monoxide; after the reformed mixed gas enters the hydrogen separation chamber 32, it is mixed with a mixed gas of hydrogen, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide, and the hydrogen absorption pipe 33 absorbs hydrogen and separates the mixed gas in the hydrogen separation chamber 32, and the separated pure hydrogen is output from the pure hydrogen outlet of the hydrogen absorption pipe 33, and the separated carbon dioxide mixed residual gas is output from the carbon dioxide mixed residual gas outlet, and the gas phase components of the carbon dioxide mixed residual gas are 25-45% hydrogen, 55-75% carbon dioxide, 0.3-3% carbon monoxide and 0-3% water.

[0037] Embodiment 2

[0038] This embodiment is based on the first embodiment, except that the hydrogen absorption tube 33 is a palladium membrane tube or a palladium alloy membrane tube, the catalyst filler is a zirconium-based filler, and the operating temperature of the reaction chamber is 250-550° C. The palladium membrane tube or the palladium alloy membrane tube is matched with the zirconium-based filler, and the temperature is controlled at 250-550° C.;

[0039] According to the above temperature requirements, the mixed gas of hydrogen, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide is separated in the hydrogen separation chamber 32 through the hydrogen absorption tube 33, the separated pure hydrogen is output from the pure hydrogen outlet of the hydrogen absorption tube 33, and the separated carbon dioxide mixed residual gas is output from the carbon dioxide mixed residual gas outlet. The gas phase components of the carbon dioxide mixed residual gas can be controlled to be 25-45% hydrogen, 55-75% carbon dioxide, 0.3-3% carbon monoxide and 0-3% water.

[0040] According to the above-mentioned temperature requirements, the hydrogen mixed waste gas reacts in the water gas reforming chamber 31, and the gas phase components of the generated reformed mixed gas can be controlled at 62-77% hydrogen, 22-27% carbon dioxide, and 0.5-1.5% carbon monoxide; the gas phase components correspond to the gas phase components of the mixed gas of hydrogen, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide in the separation chamber, thereby realizing the recycling of the hydrogen mixed waste gas.

[0041] In summary, the integrated hydrogen separation and water-gas reforming device of the present invention integrates the hydrogen separation chamber 32 and the water-gas reforming chamber 31 in the same reaction chamber, so that the operating temperatures of hydrogen separation and water-gas reforming are controlled in the same range, realizing the integration of water-gas reforming and hydrogen separation, and optimizing the layout structure of the entire hydrogen production system.

[0042] Based on the above ideal embodiments of the present invention, the relevant staff can make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical concept of the present invention through the above description. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the contents of the specification, and its technical scope must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A hydrogen separation and water gas reforming integrated device, characterized in that: It comprises a reaction chamber, and a heating chamber is arranged outside the reaction chamber, which is suitable for providing a reaction temperature for the reaction chamber; A hydrogen separation chamber and a water-gas reforming chamber are arranged in the reaction chamber, wherein the hydrogen separation chamber is located above the water-gas reforming chamber and the hydrogen separation chamber is communicated with the water-gas reforming chamber; The hydrogen separation chamber is provided with a mixed gas inlet and a carbon dioxide mixed residual gas outlet, and a hydrogen absorption tube is inserted into the hydrogen separation chamber, which is suitable for separating pure hydrogen; the water-gas reforming chamber is provided with a catalyst filler, and the water-gas reforming chamber is provided with a hydrogen mixed residual gas inlet; A mixed gas of hydrogen, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide generated by methanol water vapor is fed into a hydrogen separation chamber from a mixed gas inlet, and the hydrogen mixed residual gas is fed into a water gas reforming chamber for reforming to become a reformed mixed gas, wherein the gas phase components of the reformed mixed gas correspond to the gas phase components of the mixed gas of hydrogen, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide, and the reformed mixed gas is mixed with the mixed gas of hydrogen, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide after entering the hydrogen separation chamber, and the hydrogen absorption tube absorbs hydrogen and separates the mixed gas in the hydrogen separation chamber, and the separated pure hydrogen is output from the pure hydrogen outlet of the hydrogen absorption tube, and the separated carbon dioxide mixed residual gas is output from the carbon dioxide mixed residual gas outlet; The hydrogen absorption tube is a niobium tube, the catalyst filler is a copper-based filler, and the operating temperature of the reaction chamber is 200-350°C; Alternatively, the catalyst filler is a zirconium-based filler, and the operating temperature of the reaction chamber is 350-550°C; The gas phase components of the mixed gas of hydrogen, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide are 65-75% hydrogen, 20-26% carbon dioxide and 0.3-3% carbon monoxide, and the sum of the above components is 100%; The gas phase components of the carbon dioxide mixed residual gas are 25-45% hydrogen, 55-75% carbon dioxide, 0.3-3% carbon monoxide and 0-3% water, and the sum of the above components is 100%; The gas phase components of the reformed mixed gas are 62-77% hydrogen, 22-27% carbon dioxide, and 0.5-1.5% carbon monoxide, and the sum of the above components is 100%; The components of the hydrogen mixed residual gas are 65-75% hydrogen, 20-26% carbon dioxide, and 3-9% carbon monoxide, and the sum of the above components is 100%.

2. The integrated hydrogen separation and water gas reforming device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The hydrogen absorption tube is replaced by a palladium membrane tube or a palladium alloy membrane tube, and the operating temperature of the reaction chamber is 250-550°C.

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