Palm effusion automatic measuring instrument and effusion depth measuring method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a palm-held automatic effusion measuring instrument and a method for measuring the depth of effusion, which include a power module, a main controller connected to the power module, a transmitting unit connected to the main controller and the power module, an ultrasonic transceiver integrated probe unit connected to the transmitting unit, a high-voltage isolation filter unit connected to the ultrasonic transceiver integrated probe unit and the transmitting unit, and a receiving unit connected to the high-voltage isolation filter unit and the main controller; and also include a storage unit, a display unit, and a key unit connected to the main controller. The palm-held automatic effusion measuring instrument of the present invention is small in size and can be carried around or put in a white coat. It is suitable for use in various occasions such as rescue sites of disasters such as car accidents and earthquakes, basic and rural medical institutions, etc. The detection image adopts a one-dimensional image, and the doctor can directly read the depth of effusion according to the waveform diagram; the depth of effusion can also be calculated by the main controller and displayed on the display screen, which is convenient for non-professional imaging doctors to use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of medical instruments, and in particular to an instrument and method for measuring fluid accumulation in the body. Background Art

[0002] At present, the detection of human body fluid in clinical practice mainly relies on B-type ultrasound diagnostic equipment and radiological examination. B-type ultrasound is performed by ultrasound doctors using ultrasound probes to scan the corresponding parts of the patient, and two-dimensional grayscale images are obtained through computer transcoding, and the images are analyzed to obtain the diagnosis results. Radiological diagnosis is performed by radiologists using X-rays to obtain two-dimensional radiological images, and the images are analyzed to obtain the diagnosis results.

[0003] Both B-ultrasound diagnostic instruments and radiological diagnostic instruments require professional radiologists to operate and obtain the corresponding two-dimensional images. Due to the complexity of the images, professional radiologists are required to analyze and diagnose; the instruments are expensive, the equipment is large, and not easy to carry; the operation is also complicated, so it is difficult for non-professional radiologists to operate the equipment and understand the images. In addition, radiological examinations also cause radiation, which is inconvenient for fetuses and pregnant women. Therefore, clinicians need to rely on the diagnosis results of radiologists to determine whether the patient has effusion, the depth of the effusion, and the maximum location of the effusion. This increases the cost and time of the patient's examination and fails to diagnose pleural effusion in a timely manner.

[0004] In the rescue of disaster accidents such as car accidents and earthquakes, without professional large-scale equipment and professional imaging doctors, it is impossible to make a timely diagnosis of effusion, and it may even endanger the patient's life.

[0005] For basic and rural medical institutions, large-scale ultrasound diagnostic equipment is very expensive, and there is a lack of professional imaging doctors, so the diagnosis of pleural effusion, bladder effusion, pelvic effusion and other human body effusions cannot be accurately judged, let alone timely treatment.

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an automatic fluid effusion measurement instrument to solve the problem that the current diagnosis of pleural effusion, bladder effusion, pelvic effusion and other types of effusion requires large instruments or equipment and professional imaging doctors, and to help clinicians, rural doctors and patients themselves quickly measure whether there is effusion, the depth of effusion and the maximum location of effusion. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a palm-held automatic fluid effusion measuring instrument and a fluid effusion measuring method to solve the problem that the current diagnosis of fluid effusion in the body requires large instruments or equipment and professional imaging doctors.

[0008] The palm effusion automatic measuring instrument of the present invention comprises a power module and a main controller connected with the power module;

[0009] It also includes a transmitting unit connected to the main controller and the power module, the transmitting unit receives a control signal from the main controller and transforms the DC high voltage from the power module into a matrix pulse high voltage signal under the control signal of the main controller;

[0010] It also includes an ultrasonic transceiver integrated probe unit connected to the transmitting unit, and the ultrasonic transceiver integrated probe unit generates ultrasonic waves under the excitation of the matrix pulse high-voltage signal emitted by the transmitting unit;

[0011] It also includes a high-voltage isolation filter unit connected to the ultrasonic transceiver integrated probe unit and the transmitting unit, and a receiving unit connected to the high-voltage isolation filter unit and the main controller; the high-voltage isolation filter unit isolates the matrix pulse high-voltage signal from the transmitting unit from the receiving unit, and performs band-pass filtering on the ultrasonic echo signal from the ultrasonic transceiver integrated probe unit; the receiving unit linearly amplifies the ultrasonic echo signal from the high-voltage isolation filter unit and converts it into an ultrasonic echo signal within the range of 0-3.3V;

[0012] It also includes a storage unit, a display unit and a button unit connected to the main controller. The main controller collects and processes the ultrasonic echo signal from the receiving unit, controls the display screen to display the waveform of the ultrasonic echo signal and the depth of the effusion, receives instructions from the button unit and executes corresponding operations.

[0013] Furthermore, the palm-held effusion automatic measuring instrument also includes a communication module unit connected to the main controller and a portable printer connected to the communication module unit.

[0014] Furthermore, the handheld automatic effusion measuring instrument is also provided with a power indicator light and an effusion indicator light connected to the main controller.

[0015] Further, the power module is composed of a battery pack and a boost circuit, and the battery pack is connected to the transmitting unit and the main controller through the boost circuit;

[0016] The high-voltage isolation filter unit is composed of an MD0100 high-voltage isolation circuit and a band-pass filter connected to the MD0100 high-voltage isolation circuit;

[0017] The receiving unit is a variable gain amplifier circuit, and the chip of the variable gain amplifier circuit is AD8311;

[0018] The model of the main controller is STM32F405RGT6.

[0019] Furthermore, the communication module unit is an MC20 module.

[0020] The present invention uses a method for measuring the depth of effusion using a palm-held effusion automatic measuring instrument, which comprises the following steps:

[0021] Step 1, turn on the automatic effusion measuring instrument;

[0022] Step 2: Apply coupling agent to the probe position of the ultrasonic transceiver probe unit;

[0023] Step 3, start to check the pleural effusion, the person being checked is in a sitting position, the probe of the ultrasonic transceiver integrated probe unit coated with coupling agent is placed close to the mid-axillary line or the posterior axillary line of the chest, and the intercostal space is scanned from bottom to top along the mid-axillary line or the posterior axillary line; during the scanning process, observe the waveform on the display screen, and save the waveform that meets the inspection requirements to the storage unit; after scanning the entire chest from bottom to top along the mid-axillary line or the posterior axillary line, the depth of the pleural effusion is obtained according to the waveform;

[0024] Alternatively, the examination of peritoneal effusion begins, with the person being examined in a supine position, and the probe of the ultrasonic transceiver integrated probe unit coated with a coupling agent is placed close to the outer side of the lower abdomen, and then the lower abdomen is scanned from the outer side to the middle; during the scanning process, the waveform on the display screen is observed, and the waveform that meets the examination requirements is saved in the storage unit, and after the scanning from the outer side to the middle of the lower abdomen is completed, the depth of the peritoneal effusion is obtained according to the waveform;

[0025] Alternatively, the examination of bladder effusion can be started with the person being examined lying in a supine position, the probe of the ultrasonic transceiver integrated probe unit coated with a coupling agent is placed close to the navel, and then scanned from the navel toward the urethra; during the scanning process, the waveform on the display screen is observed, and the waveform that meets the examination requirements is saved in the storage unit. After the scanning from the navel toward the urethra is completed, the depth of bladder effusion is obtained based on the waveform.

[0026] Furthermore, during the scanning process, the main controller extracts the envelope extraction algorithm of the ultrasonic echo signal as follows:

[0027] Define a transformation as:

[0028]

[0029] Convolve a continuous function x(t):

[0030]

[0031] get

[0032]

[0033] Define the function z(t) as:

[0034]

[0035] The envelope of the function x(t) is obtained by calculating the modulus of the function z(t), i.e. |z(t)|;

[0036] The process of extracting the envelope amplitude of the ultrasonic echo signal is as follows:

[0037] ① Perform fast Fourier transform on the ultrasonic echo x(n) to obtain the corresponding frequency domain signal X(k), k = 0, 1, ..., N-1; when k∈[N / 2, N-1], remove the negative frequency part;

[0038] ② Set the negative frequency part to 0 and the positive half to 2 times, and we get:

[0039]

[0040] ③ Then perform inverse Fourier transform on z(k) and obtain z(n) from x(n);

[0041] ④Finally, the envelope of the ultrasonic echo x(n) is obtained by calculating the modulus of z(n).

[0042] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0043] 1. The handheld automatic effusion measuring instrument of the present invention is small in size and can be carried around or put in a white coat. It is suitable for use in various occasions such as rescue sites of disasters such as car accidents and earthquakes, basic and rural medical institutions, etc.

[0044] 2. The handheld automatic effusion measuring instrument of the present invention uses a one-dimensional image (A-ultrasound oscillography) to display the detection image, and the doctor can directly read the depth of the effusion based on the waveform; the depth of the effusion can also be calculated by the main controller and displayed on the display screen, which is convenient for non-professional imaging doctors to use.

[0045] 3. The palm-held automatic fluid effusion measuring instrument of the present invention is easy to operate and is suitable for detecting various body fluids such as pleural effusion, peritoneal effusion, bladder effusion, etc., and has a wide range of applications.

[0046] 4. The handheld automatic fluid effusion measuring instrument of the present invention is equipped with an LED fluid effusion indicator light, which will flash continuously when fluid is found in the chest, abdominal or bladder cavity, reminding the doctor to make a diagnosis. At the same time, it can also prompt the doctor to make a diagnosis in the absence of light during field emergency treatment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] Figure 1 4 is a block diagram of the implementation principle of the automatic fluid effusion measuring instrument in the embodiment.

[0048] Figure 2 4 is a power supply boost circuit diagram of the automatic liquid accumulation measuring instrument in the embodiment.

[0049] Figure 3 4 is an ultrasonic transmitting circuit diagram of the automatic fluid effusion measuring instrument in the embodiment.

[0050] Figure 44 is a circuit diagram of a high-voltage isolation filter unit of the automatic liquid accumulation measuring instrument in the embodiment.

[0051] Figure 5 4 is a circuit diagram of an ultrasonic echo receiving unit of the automatic fluid effusion measuring instrument in the embodiment.

[0052] Figure 6 4 is a circuit connection diagram of the main controller of the automatic fluid effusion measuring instrument in the embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0054] The palm effusion automatic measuring instrument of this embodiment includes a power module 1 and a main controller 2 connected to the power module. In this embodiment, the power module 1 is composed of a battery pack 101 and a boost circuit 102. The structure of the boost circuit is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, it uses MC34064 boost circuit. The model of the main controller is STM32F405RGT6, and the connection structure between the main controller and other units is as follows Figure 6 shown.

[0055] The palm effusion automatic measuring instrument of this embodiment further comprises a transmitting unit 3 connected to the main controller and the power module. The circuit of the transmitting unit 3 is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, the transmitting unit receives the control signal of the main controller and transforms the DC high voltage from the power module into a matrix pulse high voltage signal under the control signal of the main controller.

[0056] The palm effusion automatic measuring instrument of the present embodiment further comprises an ultrasonic transceiver integrated probe unit 4 connected to the transmitting unit, and the ultrasonic transceiver integrated probe unit generates ultrasonic waves under the excitation of the matrix pulse high voltage signal emitted by the transmitting unit.

[0057] The handheld effusion automatic measuring instrument of the present embodiment also includes a high-voltage isolation filter unit 5 connected to the ultrasonic transceiver integrated probe unit and the transmitting unit, and a receiving unit 6 connected to the high-voltage isolation filter unit and the main controller; the high-voltage isolation filter unit isolates the matrix pulse high-voltage signal from the transmitting unit from the receiving unit, and performs band-pass filtering on the ultrasonic echo signal from the ultrasonic transceiver integrated probe unit; the receiving unit linearly amplifies the ultrasonic echo signal from the high-voltage isolation filter unit, and converts it into an ultrasonic echo signal within the range of 0-3.3V. In the present embodiment, the high-voltage isolation filter unit is composed of an MD0100 high-voltage isolation circuit and a band-pass filter connected to the MD0100 high-voltage isolation circuit, and its circuit structure is as follows: Figure 4 As shown; the receiving unit is a variable gain amplifier circuit, the chip of the variable gain amplifier circuit is AD8311, and its circuit structure is as follows Figure 5 shown.

[0058] Of course, in different embodiments, the chip models of the high-voltage isolation filter unit, the variable gain amplifier circuit and the main controller may also be of other types.

[0059] The handheld effusion automatic measuring instrument of this embodiment also includes a storage unit, a display unit 7 and a key unit 8 connected to the main controller. The main controller collects and processes the ultrasonic echo signal from the receiving unit, controls the display to display the waveform of the ultrasonic echo signal and the depth of the effusion, receives the command of the key unit and performs the corresponding operation. In the specific implementation, the key unit 8 can use mechanical keys or touch screen keys, and the function keys can be set according to the detection needs. In this embodiment, the function keys of the key unit 8 include an on / off key that sends power-on and power-off commands to the main controller, a check / pause key that sends check and pause detection commands to the main controller, a save / print key that sends save and print commands to the main controller, a left-turn key that sends a left-page turn command to the main controller, and a right-turn key that sends a right-page turn command to the main controller.

[0060] As an improvement to the above-mentioned embodiment, the automatic fluid effusion measuring instrument further includes a communication module unit 9 connected to the main controller and a portable printer 10 connected to the communication module unit. The communication module unit in this embodiment is an MC20 module, which integrates multiple functions such as GPRS, positioning, and Bluetooth. Of course, in different embodiments, the communication module unit 9 can also adopt other types. This improvement enables the test results to be sent to the portable printer 10 for printing through the communication module unit 9, further improving the ease of use of the automatic fluid effusion measuring instrument.

[0061] As an improvement to the above embodiment, the handheld automatic effusion measuring instrument is also connected to the main controller with a power indicator light 11 and an effusion indicator light 12. When the device is turned on, the power indicator light can be used to determine whether the device is normal, and the effusion indicator light can be used to remind the doctor when effusion is detected.

[0062] The palm-held automatic fluid effusion measuring instrument of this embodiment can be used not only to detect the depth of pleural effusion, but also to detect the depth of fluid in the body in other situations such as the depth of peritoneal effusion and the depth of bladder effusion.

[0063] The method for measuring the depth of pleural effusion using the palm-held automatic effusion measuring instrument in the above embodiment comprises the following steps:

[0064] Step 1, turn on the automatic effusion measuring instrument;

[0065] Step 2: Apply coupling agent 13 to the probe position of the ultrasonic transceiver integrated probe unit;

[0066] Step 3: Start checking for pleural effusion. The person being checked should be in a sitting position. Figure 1As shown in the thoracic cavity model in FIG, pleural effusion 14 is located between the lung 15 and the chest wall 16, and ribs 17 are arranged at intervals in the chest wall 16; the probe of the ultrasonic transceiver integrated probe unit coated with a coupling agent is positioned close to the midaxillary line or the posterior axillary line of the thoracic cavity, and the intercostal space is scanned from bottom to top along the midaxillary line or the posterior axillary line; during the scanning process, the waveform on the display screen is observed, and the waveform that meets the inspection requirements is saved in the storage unit, and after the entire thoracic cavity is scanned from bottom to top along the midaxillary line or the posterior axillary line, the depth of the pleural effusion is obtained according to the waveform.

[0067] During the detection process, the controller automatically calculates the depth of the effusion according to the echo signal and displays it on the screen, which is convenient for non-professional imaging doctors to use. And because the detection image is displayed in one-dimensional images (A-ultrasound oscillography), doctors can also read the depth of the effusion directly according to the waveform.

[0068] The method for measuring the depth of peritoneal effusion using the palm-held automatic effusion measuring instrument in the above embodiment comprises the following steps:

[0069] Step 1, turn on the automatic effusion measuring instrument;

[0070] Step 2: Apply coupling agent to the probe position of the ultrasonic transceiver probe unit;

[0071] Step 3, start checking for peritoneal effusion. The person being checked is in a supine position. The probe of the ultrasonic transceiver integrated probe unit coated with a coupling agent is placed close to the outer side of the lower abdomen, and then scans along the outer side of the lower abdomen to the middle of the lower abdomen. During the scanning process, observe the waveform on the display screen, and save the waveform that meets the inspection requirements into the storage unit. After the scan along the outer side of the lower abdomen to the middle of the lower abdomen is completed, the depth of the peritoneal effusion is obtained according to the waveform.

[0072] The method for measuring the depth of bladder effusion using the palm-held automatic effusion measuring instrument in the above embodiment comprises the following steps:

[0073] Step 1, turn on the automatic effusion measuring instrument;

[0074] Step 2: Apply coupling agent to the probe position of the ultrasonic transceiver probe unit;

[0075] Step 3, start checking bladder effusion, the person being checked is in a supine position, the probe of the ultrasonic transceiver integrated probe unit coated with coupling agent is placed close to the navel, and then scans from the navel to the urethra; during the scanning process, observe the waveform on the display screen, and save the waveform that meets the inspection requirements into the storage unit. After the scanning from the navel to the urethra is completed, the depth of bladder effusion is obtained according to the waveform.

[0076] In the above embodiment, during the scanning process, the main controller extracts the envelope extraction algorithm of the ultrasonic echo signal as follows:

[0077] Define a transformation as:

[0078]

[0079] Convolve a continuous function x(t):

[0080]

[0081] get

[0082]

[0083] Define the function z(t) as:

[0084]

[0085] The envelope of the function x(t) is obtained by calculating the modulus of the function z(t), i.e. |z(t)|;

[0086] The process of extracting the envelope amplitude of the ultrasonic echo signal is as follows:

[0087] ① Perform fast Fourier transform on the ultrasonic echo x(n) to obtain the corresponding frequency domain signal X(k), k = 0, 1, ..., N-1; when k∈[N / 2, N-1], remove the negative frequency part;

[0088] ② Set the negative frequency part to 0 and the positive half to 2 times, and we get:

[0089]

[0090] ③ Then perform inverse Fourier transform on z(k) and obtain z(n) from x(n);

[0091] ④Finally, the envelope of the ultrasonic echo x(n) is obtained by calculating the modulus of z(n).

[0092] The handheld automatic effusion measuring instrument in this embodiment is small in size and can be carried around or put in a white coat. It is suitable for use in various occasions such as rescue sites of disaster accidents such as car accidents and earthquakes, basic and rural medical institutions, and is suitable for use by non-professional radiologists. It can detect various body effusions such as pleural effusion, peritoneal effusion, bladder effusion, etc. and has a wide range of applications.

[0093] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for measuring the depth of effusion by a palm-held effusion automatic measuring instrument, wherein the palm-held effusion automatic measuring instrument comprises a power module and a main controller connected to the power module; It also includes a transmitting unit connected to the main controller and the power module, the transmitting unit receives a control signal from the main controller and transforms the DC high voltage from the power module into a matrix pulse high voltage signal under the control signal of the main controller; It also includes an ultrasonic transceiver integrated probe unit connected to the transmitting unit, and the ultrasonic transceiver integrated probe unit generates ultrasonic waves under the excitation of the matrix pulse high-voltage signal emitted by the transmitting unit; It also includes a high-voltage isolation filter unit connected to the ultrasonic transceiver integrated probe unit and the transmitting unit, and a receiving unit connected to the high-voltage isolation filter unit and the main controller; the high-voltage isolation filter unit isolates the matrix pulse high-voltage signal from the transmitting unit from the receiving unit, and performs band-pass filtering on the ultrasonic echo signal from the ultrasonic transceiver integrated probe unit; the receiving unit linearly amplifies the ultrasonic echo signal from the high-voltage isolation filter unit and converts it into an ultrasonic echo signal within the range of 0-3.3V; It also includes a storage unit, a display unit and a key unit connected to a main controller. The main controller collects and processes the ultrasonic echo signal from the receiving unit, controls the display screen to display the waveform of the ultrasonic echo signal and the depth of the effusion, receives instructions from the key unit and executes corresponding operations; Features: The following steps are involved: Step 1. Turn on the automatic palm effusion measuring instrument; Step 2: Apply coupling agent to the probe position of the ultrasonic transceiver probe unit; Step 3, start to check the pleural effusion, the person being checked is in a sitting position, the probe of the ultrasonic transceiver integrated probe unit coated with coupling agent is placed close to the mid-axillary line or the posterior axillary line of the chest, and the intercostal space is scanned from bottom to top along the mid-axillary line or the posterior axillary line; during the scanning process, observe the waveform on the display screen, and save the waveform that meets the inspection requirements to the storage unit; after scanning the entire chest from bottom to top along the mid-axillary line or the posterior axillary line, the depth of the pleural effusion is obtained according to the waveform; Alternatively, the examination of peritoneal effusion begins, with the person being examined in a supine position, and the probe of the ultrasonic transceiver integrated probe unit coated with a coupling agent is placed close to the outer side of the lower abdomen, and then the lower abdomen is scanned from the outer side to the middle; during the scanning process, the waveform on the display screen is observed, and the waveform that meets the examination requirements is saved in the storage unit, and after the scanning from the outer side to the middle of the lower abdomen is completed, the depth of the peritoneal effusion is obtained according to the waveform; Alternatively, the bladder effusion is checked, the person being checked is in a supine position, the probe of the ultrasonic transceiver integrated probe unit coated with coupling agent is placed close to the navel, and then scans from the navel to the urethra; during the scanning process, the waveform on the display screen is observed, and the waveform that meets the inspection requirements is saved in the storage unit, and after the scanning from the navel to the urethra is completed, the depth of the bladder effusion is obtained according to the waveform; During the scanning process, the main controller extracts the envelope extraction algorithm of the ultrasonic echo signal as follows: Define a transformation as: Convolve a continuous function x(t): get Define the function z(t) as: The envelope of the function x(t) is obtained by calculating the modulus of the function z(t), i.e. |z(t)|; The process of extracting the envelope amplitude of the ultrasonic echo signal is as follows: ① Perform fast Fourier transform on the ultrasonic echo x(n) to obtain the corresponding frequency domain signal X(k), k = 0, 1, ..., N-1; when k∈[N / 2, N-1], remove the negative frequency part; ② Set the negative frequency part to 0 and the positive half to 2 times, and we get: ③ Then perform inverse Fourier transform on Z(k) and obtain z(n) from x(n); ④Finally, the envelope of the ultrasonic echo x(n) is obtained by calculating the modulus of z(n).

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