A high-efficiency hydraulic brake device and operating method

Abstract

The present invention belongs to a hydraulic brake device, and specifically relates to a high-efficiency hydraulic brake device and an operating method. The device includes a hydraulic oil pump, a hydraulic system controller, an oil tank, a heat exchanger, a radiator, a gear shaft system for realizing coaxial reversal, a housing, a reverse impeller, a forward impeller, etc. The operating method forms a flexible brake through coaxial reverse motion. The present invention adopts hydraulic braking to avoid the wear of traditional gate valve brakes and the brake failure caused by the temperature increase of friction parts due to long-term braking. The flexible brake plays a buffering role, which can reduce the impact force generated by the rapid deceleration of power sources such as motors and engines and transmission system parts, and protect the safety of power sources such as motors and engines and transmission systems.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to a hydraulic brake device, and in particular relates to a high-efficiency hydraulic brake device and an operating method. Background Art

[0002] There are many existing brake devices, such as friction brakes, shoe brakes, hydraulic brakes, hydraulic drum brakes, electromagnetic brakes, engine exhaust brakes, eddy current brakes, etc. Generally, in addition to the main braking method, equipment with braking difficulties is also equipped with auxiliary braking devices in order to stabilize operation and enhance braking effect.

[0003] In particular, locomotives and vehicles traveling on long downhill roads need to frequently use brake shoe brakes in order to control the speed when going downhill. Long-term use will cause serious wear of the brake shoes and generate a lot of heat, causing the brake shoe brakes to fail, which is very detrimental to the safe driving of the locomotive and vehicle. In order to ensure good braking performance, in addition to the brake shoe brakes, the locomotive and vehicle also need to be equipped with auxiliary braking methods.

[0004] In addition, other equipment with high-speed rotating parts, especially large and heavy equipment with rotating parts, usually require a large braking torque when braking, and the braking time is long. If it is a heavy high-speed rotating part, the braking time will be even longer. In addition, traditional gate valve brakes will generate a lot of friction heat, which will cause brake failure or accelerate the wear of friction parts in the brake.

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention designs a high-efficiency hydraulic brake device, which can generate a huge flexible braking torque to achieve high-efficiency braking or auxiliary braking. Summary of the invention

[0006] Purpose of the invention:

[0007] In order to solve the technical problems that the existing brake has a complex structure, is not suitable for long-term braking, has a small braking torque, wears the brake components quickly, and has a weak braking effect, the present invention provides a high-efficiency hydraulic brake device and an operating method.

[0008] Technical solution:

[0009] A high-efficiency hydraulic brake device comprises a hydraulic oil pump, a hydraulic system controller, an oil tank, a heat exchanger and a radiator. The hydraulic system controller is connected to the hydraulic oil pump, the hydraulic system controller controls the hydraulic oil pump, the hydraulic oil pump is connected to the oil tank, the oil tank is connected to the heat exchanger, the heat exchanger is connected to the radiator and the box body respectively, a first shaft is connected to the hydraulic oil pump, a reverse impeller and a forward impeller are installed in the box body, the forward impeller is sleeved on the first shaft, an oil-free bearing is sleeved on the first shaft, the reverse impeller is sleeved on the fourth shaft on the oil-free bearing, an active transmission gear is provided on the first shaft, the active transmission gear is meshed with a first steering gear on the second shaft, the first steering gear is meshed with a second steering gear on the third shaft, the second steering gear rotates coaxially with a driven transmission gear through the third shaft, and the driven transmission gear is meshed with a reverse rotation gear arranged on the fourth shaft.

[0010] Furthermore, a forward impeller and an active transmission gear are installed on the first shaft in sequence from one side of the hydraulic oil pump; the oil inlet of the hollow oil delivery channel of the first shaft is connected to the hydraulic oil pump, and the oil outlet of the hollow oil delivery channel is arranged in an impeller cavity surrounded by the reverse impeller and the forward impeller, the forward impeller is connected to the first shaft through a spline, the reverse impeller is connected through a spline and is sleeved on the fourth shaft, the fourth shaft is sleeved on an oil-free bearing, the oil-free bearing is sleeved on the first shaft, and the oil-free bearing is arranged between the active transmission gear and the forward impeller.

[0011] Furthermore, the spring is sleeved on the fourth shaft and is arranged between the reverse impeller and the reverse rotating gear, and both ends of the reverse rotating gear are fixed by a retaining ring.

[0012] Furthermore, the driving transmission gear has the same rotation direction as the second steering gear and the driven transmission gear, and is opposite to the rotation direction of the reverse rotating gear.

[0013] Furthermore, one side of the box body is an open two-cavity mounting structure, and the other side of the box body is an impeller box inner chamber; the closed impeller box inner chamber is provided with an impeller box inner chamber oil outlet, an impeller box inner chamber oil unloading port and a first shaft mounting hole; the outer side of the mounting structure is provided with three mounting bearing holes for mounting the first shaft, the third shaft and the second shaft, the inner side plate is provided with three holes corresponding to the outer side plate, the forward impeller and the reverse impeller are arranged in the impeller box inner chamber, the impeller box inner chamber is connected to the axial ends of the first shaft through the mounting holes, an impeller box inner chamber oil outlet is provided above the impeller box inner chamber, and the impeller box inner chamber oil outlet is connected to the heat exchanger; an impeller box inner chamber oil unloading port is provided below the impeller box inner chamber, and the impeller box inner chamber oil unloading port is connected to the oil tank.

[0014] Furthermore, the inlet of the hydraulic oil pump is connected to the oil tank, and the outlet is connected to the oil inlet of the first shaft. A hollow oil delivery channel for supplying oil to the impeller cavity is provided inside the first shaft, and the oil outlet of the first shaft is connected to the impeller cavity; the oil tank is respectively connected to the hydraulic oil pump and the heat exchanger; the heat exchanger is respectively connected to the oil tank and the radiator; the pressure regulating valve controlled by the hydraulic system controller is arranged on the pipeline between the outlet of the hydraulic oil pump and the oil tank; the unloading valve controlled by the hydraulic system controller is arranged on the unloading oil pipe between the unloading port of the inner chamber of the impeller box and the oil tank.

[0015] Furthermore, an impeller box inner chamber oil unloading port below the impeller box inner chamber is connected with an unloading oil pipe, an unloading valve is arranged on the unloading oil pipe, and the unloading oil pipe connects the impeller box inner chamber with the oil tank.

[0016] Furthermore, a gap is left between the forward impeller and the reverse impeller.

[0017] A method for operating a high-efficiency hydraulic brake device, the method comprising: when braking is required, a hydraulic system controller controls the pressure of a pressure regulating valve, closes a relief valve, and starts a hydraulic oil pump, the hydraulic oil pump inputs oil into a first shaft, drives the first shaft and a forward impeller to rotate, the active transmission gear rotates, the first steering gear meshed with the active transmission gear rotates, drives the second steering gear meshed with the first steering gear to rotate, the second steering gear rotates in the same direction as the active transmission gear, the driven transmission gear coaxial with the second steering gear rotates, the reverse rotation gear meshed with the driven transmission gear forms a reverse rotation with the active transmission gear, and then drives the reverse impeller to rotate in the reverse direction.

[0018] When braking is not required, the hydraulic system controller turns off the hydraulic oil pump and opens the unloading valve. The hydraulic oil in the impeller cavity surrounded by the forward impeller and the reverse impeller is drained and returns to the oil tank through the impeller box inner chamber unloading port and the unloading oil pipe. The forward impeller and the reverse impeller are in an idling state and do not generate mutual damping torque.

[0019] Advantages and effects:

[0020] The present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0021] (1) The braking effect of the device of the present invention varies according to the pressure input by the hydraulic oil pump. The higher the input pressure, the stronger the braking ability and the greater the braking torque. The device is particularly suitable for braking with rotating parts.

[0022] (2) The present invention adopts hydraulic braking, which is a flexible braking method and can play a braking buffering role. It has a buffering and protective effect on power sources such as motors and engines and components on the braking transmission chain such as gear mechanisms.

[0023] (3) The present invention has a compact structure, small footprint, simple structure and is easy to install. It mainly drives the reverse pump wheel and the active pump wheel to produce relative reverse rotation motion through the coaxial reverse rotation of the gears to generate mutual hydraulic damping to generate reverse force on the active transmission gear to achieve braking.

[0024] (4) The hydraulic brake device of the present invention utilizes the reverse rotation of two pump wheels to generate reverse hydraulic damping to achieve the purpose of braking, thereby avoiding the wear of the friction keys of the traditional contact brake, and adopts the cooling of the brake fluid to avoid the problem of brake failure that may be caused by the temperature increase of the brake components. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the internal disassembly of the transmission mechanism of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 It is the internal and connection schematic diagram;

[0027] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the transmission mechanism;

[0028] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional view with a box body;

[0029] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the overall transmission mechanism with a box;

[0030] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the box side;

[0031] Figure 7 It is the axial stereogram of the box;

[0032] Figure 8 It is a three-dimensional picture of the right side of the box;

[0033] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the box;

[0034] Fig.10 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the main axis;

[0035] Fig.11 The main axis front view;

[0036] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the shaft system (first shaft system) where the active transmission gear and the forward impeller are located;

[0037] Fig.13 for Fig.12 A schematic cross-sectional view of the shaft system (first shaft system) where the active transmission gear and the forward impeller are located;

[0038] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the inner blades of the forward impeller;

[0039] Fig.15 for Fig.16 A cross-sectional view of the impeller internal blades;

[0040] Fig.16 It is a cross-sectional view of the shaft system (fourth shaft system) where the reverse impeller is located;

[0041] Fig.17 It is a front view of the shaft system (fourth shaft system) where the reverse impeller is located;

[0042] Fig.18 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the shaft system (fourth shaft system) where the reverse impeller is located;

[0043] Fig.19 It is a cross-sectional view of the shaft system (third shaft system) where the second steering gear is located;

[0044] Fig. 20 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the shaft system (third shaft system) where the second steering gear is located;

[0045] Fig.21 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the shaft system (second shaft system) where the first steering gear is located;

[0046] Fig. 22 It is a cross-sectional view of the shaft system (second shaft system) where the first steering gear is located;

[0047] Fig.23 It is a front view of the shaft system (second shaft system) where the first steering gear is located;

[0048] Fig.24 is a perspective view of a reverse impeller;

[0049] Fig.25 is a side view of a reverse impeller;

[0050] Fig.26 Schematic diagram of the blades of a reverse impeller.

[0051] Reference numerals:

[0052] 1. Driving transmission gear, 2. First steering gear, 3. Second steering gear, 4. Driven transmission gear, 5. Reverse rotation gear, 6. First shaft, 7. Third shaft, 8. Second shaft, 9. Spring, 10. Reverse impeller, 11. Forward impeller, 12. Hydraulic oil pump, 13. Hydraulic system controller, 14. Heat exchanger, 15. Radiator, 16. Oil-free bearing, 17. Fourth shaft, 18. Hollow oil delivery channel, 19. Blade, 20. Box, 21. Mounting structure, 22. Impeller box inner chamber, 23. Oil tank, 24. Pressure regulating valve, 25. Unloading valve, 26. Impeller box inner chamber oil outlet, 27. Impeller box inner chamber oil unloading port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0054] like Figure 1 to Figure 6 As shown, a high-efficiency hydraulic brake device includes a hydraulic oil pump 12, a hydraulic system controller 13, an oil tank 23, a heat exchanger 14, and a radiator 15. The inlet of the hydraulic oil pump 12 is connected to the oil tank 23, and the outlet is connected to the oil passage hole inlet of the first shaft 6 in the first shaft system. The first shaft is provided with an oil passage hole for supplying oil to the pump wheel cavity. The oil tank 23 is connected to the hydraulic oil pump 12 and the heat exchanger 14 respectively. The heat exchanger 14 is connected to the oil tank 23 and the radiator 15 respectively. The pressure regulating valve 24 is connected to the outlet of the hydraulic oil pump 12 and the oil tank respectively. The unloading valve 25 is connected to the oil unloading port 27 of the inner chamber of the impeller box and the oil tank 23 respectively. The pressure regulating valve 24, the unloading valve 25 and the hydraulic oil pump are all in communication with the hydraulic system controller 13 and are all controlled by the hydraulic system controller 13. The reverse impeller 10 is connected by a spline and is sleeved on the fourth shaft 17, and the fourth shaft 17 is sleeved on the oil-free bearing 16, and the oil-free bearing 16 is sleeved on the first shaft 6. The reverse impeller 10 and the forward impeller 11 are installed in the casing 20. The forward impeller 11 is mounted on the first shaft 6. The first shaft 6 is provided with the forward impeller 11 and the driving transmission gear 1. The driving transmission gear 1 is meshed with the first steering gear 2 on the second shaft 8. The first steering gear 2 is meshed with the second steering gear 3 on the third shaft 7. The second steering gear 3 rotates coaxially with the driven transmission gear 4 through the third shaft 7. The driven transmission gear 4 is meshed with the reverse rotation gear 5 arranged on the fourth shaft 17.

[0055] The hydraulic oil pump 12, hydraulic system controller 13, oil tank 23, heat exchanger 14, radiator 15, pressure regulating valve 24, and unloading valve 25 in the present invention are all existing equipment and will not be described in detail here. The existing hydraulic oil pump 12 is provided with an inlet and an outlet. The inlet of the hydraulic oil pump 12 is connected to the oil tank 23, and the outlet is connected to the oil passage hole inlet of the first shaft 6 in the first shaft system. The first shaft is provided with an oil passage hole inside to supply oil to the pump wheel cavity. The hydraulic system controller 13 controls the oil pressure of the pressure regulating valve 24, controls the oil pressure and unloading of the unloading valve 25, and also controls the start and stop of the hydraulic oil pump 12. The heat exchanger 14 and the radiator 15 are used to cool the oil. During use, when braking is required, the reverse impeller 10 and the forward impeller 11 rotate in the opposite direction, causing the hydraulic oil in the impeller cavity to heat up. In order to ensure the safety of the entire device, the heat exchanger 14 and the radiator 15 are set to cool down.

[0056] The existing hydraulic system controller 13 is used to control the oil pressure of the pressure regulating valve 24, the oil pressure and unloading of the unloading valve 25, and the start and stop of the hydraulic oil pump 12. When applied to a vehicle, the hydraulic system controller 13 can be connected to or replaced with a brake pedal, a gear lever or other control elements at the driving position of the vehicle, and this technology is an existing technology.

[0057] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the present invention has a simple structure, and mainly utilizes the meshing between gears to realize coaxial reversal. The coaxial reverse motion of the active transmission gear 1 and the reverse rotating gear 5 on the first shaft 6 respectively drives the forward impeller 10 and the reverse impeller 11 to generate relative reverse rotation motion, and the reverse damping torque is transmitted through the hydraulic oil medium to realize the deceleration of the first shaft 6. It is a flexible brake, which can reduce the impact force generated by the rapid deceleration of the power source such as the motor and the engine and the transmission system parts, and protect the safety of the power source such as the motor and the engine and the transmission system.

[0058] A forward impeller 11, an oil-free bearing 16, and an active transmission gear 1 are sequentially mounted on the first shaft 6; an oil inlet of a hollow oil delivery channel 18 of the first shaft 6 is connected to a hydraulic oil pump 12, an oil outlet of the hollow oil delivery channel 18 is arranged between an impeller cavity surrounded by a reverse impeller and a forward impeller, the forward impeller 11 is connected to the first shaft 6 via a spline, the reverse impeller 10 is connected via a spline and is sleeved on a fourth shaft 17, the fourth shaft 17 is sleeved on an oil-free bearing 16, the oil-free bearing 16 is sleeved on the first shaft 6, and the oil-free bearing 16 is arranged between the active transmission gear 1 and the forward impeller 11.

[0059] like Fig.12 and 13 As shown, a hollow oil delivery channel 18 is provided at the center position of one end of the first shaft 6 for communicating with the hydraulic oil pump 12. The hydraulic oil from the hydraulic oil pump 12 can directly flow into the cavity surrounded by the forward impeller 11 and the reverse impeller 10. The structure is simple and the occupied space is reduced.

[0060] like Figure 3 As shown, the spring 9 is sleeved on the left side of the reverse impeller 10 on the fourth shaft 17, and is arranged between the reverse impeller 10 and the reverse rotating gear 5 to provide axial thrust to the reverse impeller 10. Both ends of the reverse rotating gear 5 are fixed by retaining rings.

[0061] from Figure 3 , Figure 6 , Fig.18It can be seen that the spring 9 is arranged between the reverse impeller 10 and the reverse rotating gear 5, and is sleeved on the fourth shaft 17. The fourth shaft 17 is sleeved on the oil-free bearing 16. The fourth shaft 17 can rotate freely on the oil-free bearing 16. The oil-free bearing 16 is arranged to have an L-shaped outward-turned edge structure. The radially outward-extending outward-turned edge abuts against one end of the fourth shaft 17, and the axial position of the oil-free bearing 16 on the first shaft 6 is limited by a retaining ring. At the same time, the fourth shaft 17 is also sleeved with a reverse rotating gear 5. The forward impeller 11 is axially limited by retaining rings on both sides, and the reverse impeller 10 is axially limited by a retaining ring on the right side.

[0062] The reverse impeller 10 is mounted on the fourth shaft 17 and can also make a slight axial slip. By supporting one side of the reverse impeller 10 with the provided spring 9, the axial movement of the reverse impeller 10 is dynamically limited, which can adjust the distance between the reverse impeller 10 and the forward impeller 11 and the size of the oil outlet of the cavity surrounded by the impellers, thereby changing the size of the damping torque and having a buffering effect.

[0063] The driving transmission gear 1 rotates in the same direction as the second steering gear 3 and the driven transmission gear 4, and in the opposite direction to the reverse rotation gear 5, thereby realizing the relative coaxial reversal of the forward impeller 11 and the reverse impeller 10, and generating a reverse damping torque through the hydraulic oil medium to reduce the speed of the driving transmission gear 1.

[0064] The principle of the present invention is to utilize gear meshing. The active transmission gear 1 on the first shaft 6 and the reverse rotation gear 5 on the fourth shaft 17 rotate in opposite directions, thereby realizing coaxial reverse rotation, thereby driving the forward impeller 11 and the reverse impeller 10 to realize relative coaxial reverse rotation, and then generating a reverse damping torque through the hydraulic oil medium, so that the active transmission gear 1 is decelerated, thereby realizing braking. The braking process is flexible, which is more conducive to the protection of the device.

[0065] like Figure 6~Figure 11 As shown, one side of the housing 20 is an open two-cavity mounting structure 21, and the other side of the housing 20 is an impeller housing inner chamber 22. The impeller housing inner chamber 22 is a sealed space with an impeller housing inner chamber oil outlet 26, an impeller housing inner chamber oil discharge port 27, and a first shaft mounting hole. The outer side of the mounting structure 21 is provided with three mounting bearing holes for mounting the first shaft 6, the third shaft 7, and the second shaft 8, and the inner side plate is provided with three holes corresponding to the outer side. The forward impeller 11 and the reverse impeller 10 are arranged in the impeller housing inner chamber 22, and the impeller housing inner chamber 22 is connected to the first shaft 6 at both axial ends through mounting holes. The impeller housing inner chamber 22 is provided with an impeller housing inner chamber oil outlet 26 above the impeller housing inner chamber 22, and the impeller housing inner chamber oil outlet 26 is connected to the heat exchanger 14. The impeller housing inner chamber oil discharge port 27 is provided below the impeller housing inner chamber 22, and the impeller housing inner chamber oil discharge port 27 is connected to the oil tank 23.

[0066] Both ends of the second shaft 8 are directly mounted on the outer plate and the inner plate on both sides of the mounting structure 21 through the bearing seats.

[0067] like Figure 6 As shown, the holes of the outer plate, inner plate and inner partition of the mounting structure 21 are mainly used for mounting with the first shaft 6, the third shaft 7 and the second shaft 8 to ensure the position between the shafts and enable the gears to mesh. The left and right ends of the second shaft 8 are mounted through the mounting holes on the housing. The left and right ends of the first shaft 6 are mounted through the bearings and the mounting holes on the housing. The inner chamber 22 of the impeller housing is a sealed space, and a cover sealing structure is also provided on both sides to prevent oil leakage. The upper and lower parts of the inner chamber 22 of the impeller housing are provided with pipe openings for connecting the oil circuit.

[0068] like Figure 2 As shown, the inlet of the hydraulic oil pump 12 is connected to the oil tank 23, and the outlet is connected to the oil inlet of the first shaft 6 in the first shaft system. The first shaft is provided with a hollow oil delivery channel 18 for supplying oil to the impeller cavity, and the oil outlet of the first shaft 6 is connected to the impeller cavity. The oil tank 23 is connected to the hydraulic oil pump 12 and the heat exchanger 14 respectively. The heat exchanger 14 is connected to the oil tank 23 and the radiator 15 respectively. The pressure regulating valve 24 is connected to the outlet of the hydraulic oil pump 12 and the oil tank respectively. The pressure regulating valve 24 controlled by the hydraulic system controller 13 is arranged on the pipeline between the outlet of the hydraulic oil pump 12 and the oil tank 23; the unloading valve 25 is connected to the impeller housing inner chamber oil unloading port 27 and the oil tank 23 respectively. The unloading valve 25 controlled by the hydraulic system controller 13 is arranged on the unloading oil pipe between the impeller housing inner chamber oil unloading port 27 and the oil tank 23. The pressure regulating valve 24, the unloading valve 25 and the hydraulic oil pump are all in communication with the hydraulic system controller 13 and are all controlled by the hydraulic system controller 13.

[0069] The impeller box inner chamber oil unloading port 26 below the impeller box inner chamber 22 is connected with an unloading oil pipe, on which an unloading valve is provided. The unloading oil pipe connects the impeller box inner chamber 22 with the oil tank 23 .

[0070] like Figure 3 and Figure 6 As shown, a very small gap is left between the forward impeller 11 and the reverse impeller 10, and the size of the gap will change by a certain distance with the slight axial slip of the reverse impeller 10. The joint between the forward impeller 11 and the reverse impeller 10 is a stepped sealing structure.

[0071] The forward impeller 11 and the reverse impeller 10 have roughly the same structure. The cover body is circular, and streamlined blades 19 with a certain curvature are fixed therein. When the hydraulic oil enters the impeller, the impeller rotates driven by the spline, and the blades stir the hydraulic oil medium, so that the forward impeller 11 and the reverse impeller 10 are subjected to reverse damping torque opposite to their respective rotation directions to achieve speed reduction.

[0072] like Figures 14 to 17As shown, the right side of the forward impeller 11 is a short-mouthed tube, and a retaining ring is used to limit the inner and outer sides of the short-mouthed tube, that is, to fix its axial position. Figures 18 to 20 , Fig.23 , Fig.24 As shown, the reverse impeller 10 is a long-mouthed tube, which is convenient for abutting and sealing with the spring 9. A sealing ring is set at the mounting hole of the long-mouthed tube of the reverse impeller 10 and the inner chamber 22 of the impeller box to ensure the sealing of the inner chamber 22 of the impeller box. The spring 9 is used as a buffer and a dynamic axial limit for the reverse impeller 10. A retaining ring is set on the right side of the reverse impeller 10 (close to the forward impeller 11 side) for axial positioning, and a retaining ring is set on the left side of the spring 9 (close to the reverse rotating gear side) to limit the axial position of the spring. The forward impeller 11 and the reverse impeller 10 are sealed in the inner chamber 22 of the impeller box.

[0073] like Fig.21 , Fig. 22 As shown, the third shaft 7, the second steering gear 3, and the driven transmission gear 4. The second steering gear 3 and the driven transmission gear 4 are fixed on the third shaft 7, rotate simultaneously with the third shaft 7, and are driven by keys. Both sides of the gears are fixed with retaining rings.

[0074] A method for operating a high-efficiency hydraulic brake device, the method comprising:

[0075] (1) Power input method: The active transmission gear 1 of the high-efficiency hydraulic brake device meshes with the rotating gear on the rotating parts of the automobile or other equipment to be braked, driving the first shaft 6 and the forward impeller 11 to rotate, thereby realizing power input. At the same time, the first steering gear 2 meshing with the active transmission gear 1 rotates, driving the second steering gear 3 meshing with the first steering gear 2 to rotate, and the second steering gear 3 rotates in the same direction as the active transmission gear 1, and the driven transmission gear 4 coaxial with the second steering gear 3 rotates, and the reverse rotation gear 5 meshing with the driven transmission gear 4 forms a reverse rotation with the active transmission gear 1, thereby driving the reverse impeller 10 to rotate in the reverse direction. That is, the reverse rotation movement of the fourth shaft 17 and the reverse impeller 10 is realized through the gear meshing transmission of the gear train in the housing 20.

[0076] The operation method forms flexible braking through coaxial reverse motion. The present invention adopts hydraulic braking to avoid the wear of traditional gate valve brakes and the brake failure caused by the increase of friction component temperature due to long-term braking. The flexible braking plays a buffering role, which can reduce the impact force generated by the rapid deceleration of power sources such as motors and engines and transmission system parts, and protect the safety of power sources such as motors and engines and transmission systems.

[0077] (2) Braking method: When the equipment needs to be braked, the hydraulic system controller 13 controls the hydraulic oil pump 12 to start, closes the return oil passage of the unloading valve 25, sets the hydraulic pressure value of the pressure regulating valve 24, and the hydraulic oil pump 12 inputs hydraulic oil into the first shaft 6. The hydraulic oil medium fills the cavity surrounded by the forward impeller 11 and the reverse impeller 10, driving the forward impeller 11 to rotate. The impellers of the forward impeller 11 and the reverse impeller 10 stir the hydraulic oil medium to produce mutual damping torque on each other, causing the forward impeller 11 and the reverse impeller 10 to slow down. The forward impeller 11 drives the first shaft 6 to slow down through the spline, and the first shaft 6 drives the active transmission gear 1 to slow down through the key. The active transmission gear 1 drives the rotating gear on the rotating part of the vehicle or other equipment that needs to be braked to slow down through gear meshing, and brakes. The magnitude of the braking torque changes according to the hydraulic pressure value of the pressure regulating valve 24 and the pressure value set by the unloading valve. When the unloading valve completely closes the return oil passage, the magnitude of the braking torque is determined by the hydraulic pressure value set by the pressure regulating valve 24. When the unloading valve does not completely close the oil return passage, the magnitude of the braking torque is determined by the hydraulic value set by the pressure regulating valve 24 and the hydraulic value set by the unloading valve. The minimum pressure value set by the two hydraulic valves determines the magnitude of the braking torque. Due to the centrifugal force, a portion of the hydraulic oil in the cavity surrounded by the forward impeller 11 and the reverse impeller 10 flows out from the labyrinth gap of the two impellers into the sealed cavity of the impeller box inner chamber 22, flows out through the oil outlet 26 of the impeller box inner chamber, flows into the heat exchanger 14 for cooling, and the cooled hydraulic oil flows back to the oil tank 23 through the outlet of the heat exchanger 14. At the same time, the radiator 15 dissipates the heat of the oil in the heat exchanger 14.

[0078] When braking is not required, the hydraulic system controller 13 controls the hydraulic oil pump 12 to be closed, the unloading valve 25 to be opened, and the hydraulic oil in the impeller cavity surrounded by the forward impeller 11 and the reverse impeller 10 to be drained, and flows back to the oil tank 23 through the impeller box inner chamber oil unloading port 27 and the unloading oil pipe by gravity. The impellers of the forward impeller 11 and the reverse impeller 10 are in an idling state and do not generate mutual damping torque.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency hydraulic brake device, comprising a hydraulic oil pump (12), a hydraulic system controller (13), an oil tank (23), a heat exchanger (14), and a radiator (15), wherein the hydraulic system controller (13) is connected to the hydraulic oil pump (12), the hydraulic system controller controls the hydraulic oil pump (12), the hydraulic oil pump (12) is connected to the oil tank (23), the oil tank (23) is connected to the heat exchanger (14), and the heat exchanger (14) is respectively connected to the radiator (15) and the housing (20), characterized in that: The first shaft (6) is connected to the hydraulic oil pump (12), the reverse impeller (10) and the forward impeller (11) are installed in the housing (20), the forward impeller (11) is sleeved on the first shaft (6), an oil-free bearing (16) is sleeved on the first shaft (6), the reverse impeller (10) is sleeved on a fourth shaft (17) on the oil-free bearing (16), the first shaft (6) is provided with a driving transmission gear (1), the driving transmission gear (1) is meshed with a first steering gear (2) on the second shaft (8), the first steering gear (2) is meshed with a second steering gear (3) on the third shaft (7), the second steering gear (3) rotates coaxially with a driven transmission gear (4) through the third shaft (7), and the driven transmission gear (4) is meshed with a reverse rotation gear (5) provided on the fourth shaft (17); A forward impeller (11) and a driving transmission gear (1) are mounted on the first shaft (6) in sequence from one side of the hydraulic oil pump (12); The oil inlet of the hollow oil delivery channel (18) of the first shaft (6) is connected to the hydraulic oil pump (12), and the oil outlet of the hollow oil delivery channel (18) is arranged in an impeller cavity surrounded by the reverse impeller and the forward impeller. The forward impeller (11) is connected to the first shaft (6) via a spline. The reverse impeller 10 is connected via a spline and is sleeved on the fourth shaft (17). The fourth shaft (17) is sleeved on the oil-free bearing (16). The oil-free bearing (16) is sleeved on the first shaft (6). The oil-free bearing (16) is arranged between the active transmission gear (1) and the forward impeller (11). One side of the box body (20) is an open two-cavity mounting structure (21), and the other side of the box body (20) is an impeller box inner chamber (22); the closed impeller box inner chamber (22) is provided with an impeller box inner chamber oil outlet (26), an impeller box inner chamber oil discharge port (27) and a first shaft mounting hole; The outer side of the mounting structure (21) is provided with three mounting bearing holes for mounting the first shaft (6), the third shaft (7) and the second shaft (8); the inner side plate is provided with three holes corresponding to the outer side plate; the forward impeller (11) and the reverse impeller (10) are arranged in the inner chamber (22) of the impeller box; the inner chamber (22) of the impeller box is connected to the axial ends of the first shaft (6) through the mounting holes; an impeller box inner chamber oil outlet (26) is provided above the inner chamber (22) of the impeller box; the impeller box inner chamber oil outlet (26) is connected to the heat exchanger (14); an impeller box inner chamber oil discharge port (27) is provided below the inner chamber (22) of the impeller box; the impeller box inner chamber oil discharge port (27) is connected to the oil tank (23).

2. A high-efficiency hydraulic brake device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spring (9) is sleeved on the fourth shaft (17) and is arranged between the reverse impeller (10) and the reverse rotating gear (5). Both ends of the reverse rotating gear (5) are fixed by retaining rings.

3. A high-efficiency hydraulic brake device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving transmission gear (1) rotates in the same direction as the second steering gear (3) and the driven transmission gear (4), and in the opposite direction to the reverse rotation gear (5).

4. A high-efficiency hydraulic brake device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inlet of the hydraulic oil pump (12) is connected to the oil tank (23), and the outlet is connected to the oil inlet of the first shaft (6). A hollow oil delivery channel (18) for supplying oil to the impeller cavity is provided inside the first shaft (6), and the oil outlet of the first shaft (6) is connected to the impeller cavity; the oil tank (23) is respectively connected to the hydraulic oil pump (12) and the heat exchanger (14); the heat exchanger (14) is respectively connected to the oil tank (23) and the radiator (15); a pressure regulating valve (24) controlled by the hydraulic system controller (13) is arranged on the pipeline between the outlet of the hydraulic oil pump (12) and the oil tank (23); and a relief valve (25) controlled by the hydraulic system controller (13) is arranged on the relief oil pipe between the impeller case inner chamber oil relief port (27) and the oil tank (23).

5. The high-efficiency hydraulic brake device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An impeller box inner chamber oil unloading port below the impeller box inner chamber (22) is connected to a unloading oil pipe, an unloading valve (25) is provided on the unloading oil pipe, and the unloading oil pipe connects the impeller box inner chamber (22) with the oil tank (23).

6. A high-efficiency hydraulic brake device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A gap is left between the forward impeller (11) and the reverse impeller (10).

7. An operating method of a high-efficiency hydraulic brake device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The method includes: When braking is required, the hydraulic system controller (13) controls the pressure of the pressure regulating valve (24), closes the unloading valve (25), and starts the hydraulic oil pump (12). The hydraulic oil pump (12) inputs oil into the first shaft (6), driving the first shaft (6) and the forward impeller (11) to rotate, the driving transmission gear (1) to rotate, the first steering gear (2) meshing with the driving transmission gear (1) to rotate, driving the second steering gear (3) meshing with the first steering gear (2) to rotate, the second steering gear (3) rotating in the same direction as the driving transmission gear (1), the driven transmission gear (4) coaxial with the second steering gear (3) to rotate, the reverse rotation gear (5) meshing with the driven transmission gear (4) to form a reverse rotation with the driving transmission gear (1), and then driving the reverse impeller (10) to rotate in the reverse direction.

8. The operating method of a high-efficiency hydraulic brake device according to claim 7, characterized in that: When braking is not required, the hydraulic system controller (13) turns off the hydraulic oil pump (12) and opens the unloading valve (25), and the hydraulic oil in the impeller cavity surrounded by the forward impeller (11) and the reverse impeller (10) is drained and returns to the oil tank (23) through the impeller housing inner chamber unloading port (27) and the unloading oil pipe. The forward impeller (11) and the reverse impeller (10) are in an idling state and do not generate mutual damping torque.

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