Side mold and wheel hub low pressure casting mold

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of casting molds, and provides a side mold and a wheel hub low-pressure casting mold. A cooling circuit channel is processed in the back cavity of the side mold frame. The spacing between adjacent channels along the solidification direction of the casting gradually increases. The cooling medium flows along the cooling circuit, and the ability to take away heat changes from strong to weak. It can be superimposed with the temperature gradient formed by the thickness of the side mold to form a larger temperature gradient of the side mold, and the thermal insulation gasket plays a thermal insulation role, reducing the influence of adjacent channels, making the temperature gradient more obvious, thereby forming a good shrinkage compensation range, improving the density of the casting, and obtaining excellent mechanical properties of the rim part. At the same time, local cooling is accelerated, thereby accelerating the production rhythm and improving the production efficiency of the casting process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of casting molds, and in particular to a side mold and a wheel hub low-pressure casting mold. Background Art

[0002] When designing a metal hub mold, the entire hub casting needs to achieve a reasonable sequential solidification in the solidification direction to ensure the shrinkage compensation of the casting, so that the mechanical properties of the casting meet the requirements and there are no casting defects such as shrinkage and shrinkage. For traditional hub metal molds, the temperature gradient of the side mold is mainly controlled by the thickness of the mold material. When the mold design is completed, it means that the temperature gradient range is basically determined and difficult to change. Under the condition of low casting efficiency requirements, the solidification sequence of the rim can be adjusted by the thickness of the mold material, which can still meet the production requirements, but it requires a long solidification time, resulting in low casting efficiency. However, due to the huge market demand for hubs and increasingly tight production capacity, the improvement of hub casting efficiency has become an irreversible trend in the industry. The traditional temperature gradient formed by the thickness of the mold material is far from meeting the production conditions. Therefore, the rim area needs more effective cooling means to form a larger temperature gradient to meet the urgent needs of large-scale stable production. Summary of the invention

[0003] The embodiment of the present application provides a side mold and a wheel hub low-pressure casting mold, which can form a larger temperature gradient in the wheel hub side mold, shorten the solidification time, and further improve the casting efficiency. At the same time, it is more conducive to the sequential solidification of the casting, the improvement of the density of the casting, the improvement of the mechanical properties, and effectively reduce casting defects such as shrinkage and shrinkage holes.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] In a first aspect, a side mold is provided, comprising a side mold frame, a cooling cover plate, an insulating gasket, an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe, wherein a cooling circuit is processed in a back cavity of the side mold frame, wherein the cooling circuit comprises a plurality of substantially parallel channels, wherein the spacing between adjacent channels along the solidification direction of the casting gradually increases; sealing grooves are provided around the cooling circuit and between two adjacent channels, wherein insulating gaskets are installed in the sealing grooves; the cooling cover plate is fixed in the back cavity and covers the cooling circuit and the insulating gasket; and the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe are both connected to the channels of the cooling circuit. The cooling circuit and thermal insulation gasket set up in this way are cooled by the cooling medium. The cooling medium enters from the inlet pipe, flows along the cooling circuit, and finally flows out from the outlet pipe. During the flow, the heat of the mold is taken away, and the cooling is further performed on the original temperature gradient formed by the thickness of the side mold. The spacing distance of the channels in the cooling circuit gradually increases along the solidification direction, and the ability to take away heat changes from strong to weak, which can be superimposed with the temperature gradient formed by the thickness of the side mold to form a larger temperature gradient of the side mold. The thermal insulation gasket plays a role of insulation, reducing the influence of adjacent channels, making the temperature gradient more obvious, thereby forming a good shrinkage compensation range, improving the density of the casting, so as to obtain excellent mechanical properties of the rim part, and at the same time, accelerating local cooling, thereby accelerating the production rhythm and improving the production efficiency of the casting process.

[0006] In some embodiments, the thermal insulation gasket is one of the fire-resistant insulation materials such as graphite gasket, ceramic gasket, rock wool gasket, aluminum silicate insulation wool gasket, etc.

[0007] In some embodiments, a cooling medium such as cooling air or cooling water is passed through the channel of the cooling circuit to cool the side mold.

[0008] In some embodiments, the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe are arranged along the solidification direction of the casting, which facilitates the reasonable design of the channels in the cooling circuit and the flow circulation of the cooling medium.

[0009] In some embodiments, the bottom of the inlet pipe is blocked, and a bypass hole is processed along the flow direction of the cooling medium. The bypass hole plays a role in diverting the cooling medium, allowing the cooling medium to flow more evenly along the loop direction.

[0010] In some embodiments, the cooling circuit is divided into two parts, the inlet pipe divides the cooling medium into two streams, the two streams of cooling medium flow along the channel and converge into one stream at the outlet pipe. In this way, the cooling circuit is divided into two parts, the flow of cooling medium is more uniform, and the cooling effect is better.

[0011] In some embodiments, a cooling insert is fixed in the back cavity of the side mold frame below the cooling cover plate. A cooling channel may be provided in the cooling insert, and a cooling medium flows in the cooling channel. The cooling insert locally cools the thicker parts of the casting, thereby solving the problem of unclear heat conduction and heat dissipation during local cooling of the connection between the rim and the spokes.

[0012] In the second aspect, the embodiment of the present application provides a low-pressure casting mold for a wheel hub, including a top mold and a bottom mold, characterized in that it also includes at least one side mold described in any of the above embodiments, and the top mold, the bottom mold and at least one side mold together form a mold cavity for low-pressure casting. The integrated or split side mold in the above embodiments is used to cool the original temperature gradient formed by the thickness of the side mold, and the spacing distance of the channels in the cooling circuit gradually increases along the solidification direction, and the ability to take away heat changes from strong to weak, which can be superimposed with the temperature gradient formed by the thickness of the side mold to form a larger temperature gradient of the side mold, forming a good shrinkage compensation range, improving the density of the casting, so as to obtain excellent mechanical properties of the rim part, and at the same time, accelerating local cooling, thereby accelerating the production cycle and improving the production efficiency of the casting process.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] The present invention provides a side mold and a wheel hub low-pressure casting mold, wherein a plurality of channels of a cooling circuit are processed in a back cavity of the side mold frame, and the spacing between adjacent channels gradually increases along the solidification direction of the casting, and a cooling medium enters from an inlet pipe, flows along the cooling circuit, and finally flows out from an outlet pipe, taking away the heat of the mold during the flow, and further cooling is performed on the original temperature gradient formed by the thickness of the side mold, and the spacing between the channels in the cooling circuit gradually increases along the solidification direction, and the ability to take away heat turns from strong to weak, which can be superimposed with the temperature gradient formed by the thickness of the side mold to form a larger temperature gradient of the side mold, and the heat insulation gasket plays a heat insulation role, reducing the influence of adjacent channels, making the temperature gradient more obvious, forming a good shrinkage compensation range, improving the density of the casting, and obtaining excellent mechanical properties of the rim part. At the same time, local cooling is accelerated, thereby accelerating the production rhythm and improving the production efficiency of the casting process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a side mold of the present application.

[0017] Figure 2 It is a side view structural schematic diagram of a side mold of the present application.

[0018] Figure 3 It is a side structural schematic diagram of a side mold frame of a side mold of the present application.

[0019] Figure 4 It is a side structural schematic diagram of a cooling cover plate of a side mold of the present application.

[0020] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of an inlet pipe of a side mold of the present application.

[0021] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the side mold assembly structure of a wheel hub low-pressure casting mold in the present application.

[0022] Among them: 1-side mold frame, 2-cooling cover plate, 3-inlet pipe, 4-insulation gasket, 5-channel, 6-outlet pipe, 7-bolt, 8-cooling insert, 9-inlet pipe positioning hole, 10-cooling cover plate inlet hole, 11-cooling cover plate gasket pressing groove, 12-cooling cover plate outlet hole, 13-cooling cover plate bolt through hole, 14-diversion flow hole, 15-side mold. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of the present application and the drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or device comprising a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but may optionally include steps or units not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0024] Reference to "embodiments" herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of the phrase in various locations in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0025] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0026] Embodiment 1:

[0027] In conjunction with the instruction manual Figure 1-5 In this embodiment 1, a side mold is provided, such as Figure 1 As shown in the middle cross-sectional view, it includes a side mold frame 1, a cooling cover plate 2, an inlet pipe 3, an outlet pipe 6, a heat insulating gasket 4, a channel 5, and a cooling insert 8. The side mold frame 1 is made of casting mold steel, and a cooling circuit is processed in the back cavity of the side mold frame 1. The cooling circuit includes a plurality of substantially parallel channels 5, and the spacing between adjacent channels 5 along the solidification direction of the casting gradually increases. The channel 5 is an arc groove along the circumference of the side mold, and the spacing between adjacent arc grooves along the solidification direction of the casting (for example, the solidification direction of the rim, from top to bottom) gradually increases.

[0028] like Figure 3 As shown in , sealing grooves are provided around the cooling circuit and between two adjacent channels 5 in the cooling circuit along the solidification direction of the casting, and a heat insulating gasket 4 is installed in the sealing groove, so that the heat insulating gasket 4 plays a heat insulating role, reduces the influence between adjacent arc grooves or channels, and makes the temperature gradient more obvious. The heat insulating gasket 4 can be one of the refractory and heat insulating materials such as graphite gaskets, ceramic gaskets, rock wool gaskets, and aluminum silicate insulation wool gaskets.

[0029] like Figure 2 As shown in , the cooling cover plate 2 is fixed in the back cavity and covers the cooling circuit and the thermal insulation gasket 4. The cooling cover plate 2 is provided with an inlet pipe 3 and an outlet pipe 6 connected to the channel 5 of the cooling circuit, and the inlet pipe 3 and the outlet pipe 6 are arranged along the solidification direction of the casting. A cooling medium such as cooling air or cooling water is introduced into the channel 5 of the cooling circuit.

[0030] like Figure 3 As shown in , the cooling circuit is divided into two parts, the inlet pipe 3 divides the cooling medium into two parts, the two cooling media flow along the channel and converge into one part at the outlet pipe 6. Figure 5 As shown in , the bottom of the inlet pipe 3 is blocked, and the branch flow hole 14 is processed along the flow direction of the cooling medium, which will make the cooling medium flow and diffuse evenly in the designed direction to achieve a steady flow effect.

[0031] A cooling insert 8 is also fixed in the back cavity of the side mold frame 1 below the cooling cover plate 2. A cooling channel may be provided in the cooling insert 8, and a cooling medium flows in the cooling channel. The cooling insert 8 locally cools the thicker parts of the casting, thereby solving the problem of unclear heat conduction and heat dissipation during local cooling of the connection between the rim and the spokes.

[0032] In actual production and use, the back cavity of the side mold frame 1 is first processed. The back cavity of the side mold frame 1 is processed with a channel 5 of the cooling circuit, and the matching plane with the cooling cover plate 2 is processed. Then the channel of the cooling circuit, the receiving groove of the thermal insulation gasket, the threaded hole for the fitting bolt, and the inlet pipe positioning hole 9 are processed. Subsequently, the customized thermal insulation gasket 4, such as the graphite gasket, is installed into the receiving groove of the thermal insulation gasket of the side mold frame 1. Then, the cooling cover plate 2 and the corresponding cooling cover plate inlet hole 10, cooling cover plate outlet hole 12, cooling cover plate gasket pressing groove 11, cooling cover plate bolt through hole 13 are processed, and the inlet pipe 3 and outlet pipe 6 are positioned to the cooling cover plate 2, and then sealed and fixed by welding. When welding the inlet pipe, the inlet pipe branch flow hole needs to face the circuit direction, so that the cooling medium can flow and diffuse evenly in the design direction to achieve a steady flow effect. Finally, the processed side mold frame 1 is assembled with the cooling cover plate 2, as shown Figure 2-3 As shown, it is fixed by 6 bolts 7.

[0033] During on-site casting production, the cooling medium enters through the inlet hole (such as Figure 1 ), flows along the cooling circuit direction (as shown in Figure 3 ), flows out through the outlet hole, takes away the heat of the mold, forms a temperature gradient through the order of first-in and last-out of the cooling medium, and controls the cooling medium flow rate by adjusting the output pressure of the cooling medium, thereby adjusting the overall temperature and temperature gradient of the side mold.

[0034] A cooling circuit channel and a thermal insulation gasket are provided in a side mold in the present embodiment 1. The cooling circuit flow is cooled by a cooling medium. The cooling medium enters from an inlet pipe, flows along the cooling circuit, and finally flows out from an outlet pipe. During the flow, the heat of the mold is taken away, and the cooling is further performed on the original temperature gradient formed by the thickness of the side mold. The spacing distance of the arc groove channel in the cooling circuit gradually increases along the solidification direction, and the ability to take away heat changes from strong to weak, which can be superimposed with the temperature gradient formed by the thickness of the side mold to form a larger temperature gradient of the side mold. The thermal insulation gasket plays a thermal insulation role, reducing the influence of adjacent channels, making the temperature gradient more obvious, thereby forming a good shrinkage compensation range, improving the density of the casting, so as to obtain excellent mechanical properties of the rim area, and at the same time, accelerating local cooling, thereby accelerating the production cycle and improving the production efficiency of the casting process.

[0035] After actual production tests on site, compared with the temperature, temperature gradient, production efficiency, tensile strength of the casting rim, and elongation of the casting rim of the traditional side mold of the same product, the new side mold structure has very obvious advantages. The comparison is shown in Table 1 below.

[0036] Table 1 shows the actual production comparison results of the traditional side mold and the new side mold of the present application.

[0037] Side mold type Maximum temperature of side mold Side mold temperature gradient Stable production efficiency Casting rim tensile strength Casting rim elongation Traditional side mold 512℃ 21℃ 11 pieces / hour 224Mpa 2.7% New side mold 478℃ 45℃ 16 pieces / hour 251Mpa 4.1%

[0038] Embodiment 2:

[0039] In Example 2 of the present application, a wheel hub low-pressure casting mold is provided, comprising a top mold, a bottom mold and four side molds 15 described in any of the above embodiments, wherein the top mold, the bottom mold and the four side molds 15 together form a mold cavity for low-pressure casting. The combined structure of the side molds 15 is as follows: Figure 6 In other embodiments, according to the needs of the casting product, the side mold structure can be a one-piece structure or a combination of more than one separate piece.

[0040] In this embodiment 2, the side mold in the above embodiment is used, and cooling is performed on the original temperature gradient formed by the thickness of the side mold. The spacing distance of the arc groove channel in the cooling circuit is gradually increased along the solidification direction, and the ability to take away heat changes from strong to weak, which can be superimposed on the temperature gradient formed by the thickness of the side mold to form a larger temperature gradient of the side mold, and the thermal insulation gasket plays a thermal insulation role, reducing the influence of adjacent channels, making the temperature gradient more obvious, thereby forming a good shrinkage compensation range, improving the density of the casting, and obtaining excellent mechanical properties of the rim area. At the same time, local cooling is accelerated, thereby accelerating the production rhythm and improving the production efficiency of the casting process.

[0041] The embodiments of the present application are introduced in detail above. Specific examples are used in this article to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and core idea of ​​the present application. At the same time, for general technical personnel in this field, according to the idea of ​​the present application, there will be changes in the specific implementation method and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

Claims

1. A side mold, characterized in that: It comprises a side mold frame, a cooling cover plate, a heat insulating gasket, an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe, wherein a cooling circuit is processed in the back cavity of the side mold frame, and the cooling circuit comprises a plurality of parallel channels, and the spacing between adjacent channels along the solidification direction of the casting gradually increases; Sealing grooves are provided around the cooling circuit and between two adjacent channels, and heat-insulating gaskets are installed in the sealing grooves; The cooling cover plate is fixed in the back cavity and covers the cooling circuit and the thermal insulation gasket; The inlet pipe and the outlet pipe are both connected to the channel of the cooling circuit; The bottom of the inlet pipe is blocked, and a branch flow hole is processed along the direction of the cooling medium flow; The cooling circuit is divided into two parts, the inlet pipe divides the cooling medium into two parts, the two cooling media flow along the channel and converge into one part at the outlet pipe; A cooling insert is also fixed in the back cavity of the side mold frame, and the cooling insert is located below the cooling cover plate.

2. A side mold according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermal insulation gasket is one of a graphite gasket, a ceramic gasket, a rock wool gasket, and an aluminum silicate thermal insulation wool gasket.

3. A side mold according to claim 1, characterized in that: Cooling air or cooling water is introduced into the channel of the cooling circuit.

4. A side mold according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inlet pipe and the outlet pipe are arranged along the solidification direction of the casting.

5. A wheel hub low-pressure casting mold, comprising a top mold and a bottom mold, characterized in that: It also includes four side molds as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the top mold, the bottom mold and the four side molds together form a mold cavity for low-pressure casting.

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