A safety monitoring system for power distribution equipment on offshore platforms

Abstract

The present invention discloses a safety monitoring system for power distribution equipment on an offshore platform, including a central control system, a temperature monitoring and early warning system, a smoke monitoring and opening system, and a pressure monitoring and feedback system; the temperature monitoring and early warning system is used to detect the temperature of the electrical equipment of the switch cabinet; the smoke monitoring and opening system is used to detect the smoke in the switch cabinet; the pressure monitoring and feedback system is used to provide feedback when an internal explosion occurs in the switch cabinet, and the temperature monitoring and early warning system is composed of a normal value detection subsystem and an over-predetermined value early warning subsystem. The present invention has the beneficial effects of high safety, high reliability and high measurement accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electric power safety monitoring, and in particular to a safety monitoring system for power distribution equipment on an offshore platform. Background Art

[0002] The power system of offshore platforms is complex, with many devices, limited switch cabinet space, many components in the cabinet, and most of the high-voltage live components are exposed. The reliability and accuracy of temperature measurement of power distribution equipment are crucial. Common temperature monitoring methods mainly use temperature sensing elements such as thermocouples, thermal resistors, and semiconductor temperature sensors. Generally, the sensor housing is made of metal, and the signal is transmitted by metal wires. In the compact switch cabinet, it brings certain difficulties to the insulation of the system. At present, although infrared temperature measuring equipment can be used to perform non-contact temperature measurement of power distribution equipment, it is easily affected by ambient temperature and surrounding electromagnetic fields. In addition, the commonly used temperature measuring device is a handheld infrared thermal imager or a point meter, which makes it difficult to achieve real-time online monitoring. If only the temperature in the switch cabinet is monitored, once the temperature monitoring mechanism fails, the probability of fire in the switch cabinet will increase. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above problems and design a safety monitoring system for offshore platform power distribution equipment, including a central control system, a temperature monitoring and early warning system, a smoke monitoring and opening system, and a pressure monitoring and feedback system;

[0004] The temperature monitoring and early warning system is used to detect the temperature of the electrical equipment of the switch cabinet:

[0005] The smoke monitoring and opening system is used to detect smoke in the switch cabinet;

[0006] The pressure monitoring feedback system is used to provide feedback when an internal explosion occurs in the switch cabinet.

[0007] The temperature monitoring and early warning system is composed of a normal value detection subsystem and an over-predetermined value early warning subsystem;

[0008] The normal value detection subsystem is composed of a temperature monitoring module and a display module, which is used to compare the temperature value in the switch cabinet with the preset temperature upper limit value and output the normal temperature value to the display module;

[0009] The over-preset value warning subsystem is composed of a temperature monitoring module, a display module and an alarm module, which is used to compare the temperature value in the switch cabinet with the preset temperature value. When the temperature value exceeds the preset temperature value, the temperature value is transmitted to the display module and the alarm module issues an alarm.

[0010] The smoke monitoring and early warning system is composed of a low-concentration monitoring subsystem and a high-concentration monitoring subsystem;

[0011] The low-concentration monitoring subsystem includes a smoke monitoring module and a ventilation module, which are used to compare the smoke concentration in the switch cabinet with a preset low smoke concentration value. When the smoke concentration value exceeds the preset low-concentration smoke value, the ventilation submodule performs ventilation and heat dissipation;

[0012] The high-concentration monitoring subsystem includes a smoke monitoring module and a ventilation module, which are used to compare the smoke concentration in the switch cabinet with a preset high smoke concentration. When the smoke concentration value exceeds the preset high-concentration smoke value, the ventilation submodule performs ventilation and heat dissipation.

[0013] The ventilation module includes a first ventilation submodule and a second ventilation submodule;

[0014] The first ventilation submodule is used to perform preliminary ventilation and heat dissipation when the smoke concentration value exceeds a preset low-concentration smoke value and a preset high-concentration smoke value;

[0015] The second ventilation submodule is used to perform advanced ventilation and heat dissipation when the smoke concentration value exceeds a preset high smoke concentration value;

[0016] The pressure monitoring feedback system is composed of a pressure monitoring module, an alarm module, a ventilation module, a fire extinguishing module, a pressure relief mechanism, and an explosion-proof guide mechanism;

[0017] The pressure monitoring module is used to detect the pressure in the switch cabinet and compare the pressure in the switch cabinet with a preset pressure value;

[0018] The alarm module is used to alarm when the pressure value in the switch cabinet exceeds a preset pressure value;

[0019] The ventilation module includes a first ventilation submodule and a second ventilation submodule, which are used to ventilate and exhaust when the pressure value in the switch cabinet exceeds a preset pressure value;

[0020] The fire extinguishing module is used to extinguish the fire when the pressure value in the switch cabinet exceeds a preset pressure value;

[0021] The pressure relief mechanism is used to relieve pressure on the switch cabinet in the event of an explosion;

[0022] The explosion-proof guiding mechanism is used to provide guidance for the explosive after the explosion so that the splashing direction of the explosive is toward the ground.

[0023] The temperature detection module includes a fiber grating sensor, an optical splitter, and a demodulator;

[0024] The fiber grating sensor is used to detect the temperature of each electrical equipment contact in the switch cabinet;

[0025] The optical splitter is used to connect the optical fibers where the fiber grating sensors are located together;

[0026] The demodulator is used to transmit the demodulated signal to the central control system.

[0027] The pressure relief mechanism is arranged at the opening at the top of the switch cabinet, and the pressure relief mechanism includes a moving component, a buffer cover, and a buffer block. The buffer cover is arranged at the top of the switch cabinet, and a pressure relief chamber is formed between the buffer cover and the switch cabinet body. A buffer block is installed inside the buffer cover. When an explosion occurs, the moving component moves to the buffer block to complete the pressure relief.

[0028] The moving assembly includes guide rods, a moving plate, and a cover plate. The guide rods are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the opening. A moving plate is slidably connected between the guide rods. The moving plate and the cover plate are fixedly connected by a connecting rod. The moving plate is arranged inside the switch cabinet body, and the cover plate is arranged outside the switch cabinet body.

[0029] The explosion-proof guide mechanism comprises a guide channel and a dustproof net, and the opening end of the guide channel is arranged vertically toward the ground.

[0030] A ventilation fan is arranged inside the guide channel.

[0031] The beneficial effects achieved by a safety monitoring system for power distribution equipment on an offshore platform manufactured using the technical solution of the present invention are as follows:

[0032] (1) The fiber Bragg grating sensor is installed at the contact of the switch. The fiber Bragg grating sensors in each switch cabinet are connected in series and then extended outside the switch cabinet. The fiber Bragg grating sensor can overcome the interference caused by harsh environments such as high voltage, strong magnetic field, and marine salt spray, accurately collect the required temperature information, and can measure the temperature of the equipment in the switch cabinet with high precision. The fiber Bragg grating temperature real-time online monitoring system has high security, reliability and measurement accuracy, is easy to install and construct, and performs computer data processing on the measurement data.

[0033] (2) The monitoring system monitors the switch cabinet from three aspects: temperature, smoke concentration, and pressure, and takes corresponding countermeasures to effectively prevent explosions and fires caused by excessive temperatures in the switch cabinet. Even if an explosion or fire occurs, there are certain defense mechanisms.

[0034] (3) If excessive heat accumulation or an unexpected fire source causes an explosion, the explosive will collapse to the ground along the explosion-proof guide channel, thereby reducing the harm to workers and surrounding buildings.

[0035] (4) By providing a guide rail slider structure at the bottom of the bracket, the bracket can be moved along the switch cabinet, and the control switch box is moved from the inside of the switch cabinet to the outer edge of the switch cabinet, which is convenient for operators to perform maintenance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 It is a control block diagram of each module of a safety monitoring system for offshore platform power distribution equipment according to the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor and the optical fiber, optical splitter and communication cable of the offshore platform power distribution equipment safety monitoring system described in the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 It is a control block diagram of a temperature monitoring module of a safety monitoring system for offshore platform power distribution equipment according to the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a switch cabinet of an offshore platform power distribution equipment safety monitoring system according to the present invention;

[0040] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the external structure of a switch cabinet of an offshore platform power distribution equipment safety monitoring system according to the present invention;

[0041] In the figure, 1. switch cabinet; 2. alarm; 3. fiber grating temperature sensor; 4. optical fiber; 5. optical splitter; 6. communication optical cable; 7. partition; 8. upper cavity; 9. lower cavity; 10. smoke sensor; 11. control switch box; 12. through hole; 13. display; 14. explosion-proof guide mechanism; 15. exhaust fan; 16. explosion-proof guide channel; 17. dust net; 18. bracket; 19. guide rail slider mechanism; 20. fixing rod; 21. slide groove; 22. rack; 23. gear; 24. motor; 25. travel switch; 26. pressure relief mechanism; 27. guide rod; 28. moving plate; 29. ​​cover plate; 30. buffer cover; 31. buffer block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] In order to better understand the present invention, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments and drawings. A safety monitoring system for power distribution equipment on an offshore platform. Figure 1 As shown, it includes a central control system, a temperature monitoring and early warning system, a smoke monitoring and opening system, and a pressure monitoring and feedback system; the temperature monitoring and early warning system is used to detect the temperature of the electrical equipment of the switch cabinet; the smoke monitoring and opening system is used to detect the smoke in the switch cabinet; the pressure monitoring feedback system is used to provide feedback when an internal explosion occurs in the switch cabinet.

[0043] like Figure 1As shown, the output end of the temperature monitoring module is connected to the input end of the central control system, and the input ends of the alarm module and the display module are connected to the output end of the central control system. The temperature detection module includes a fiber grating sensor 3, an optical splitter 5, and a demodulator; the fiber grating sensor is used to detect the temperature of the contacts of each electrical equipment in the switch cabinet.

[0044] like Figure 2 As shown, the optical splitter is used to connect the optical fibers where the fiber grating sensors are located together; the demodulator is used to transmit the demodulated signal to the central control system. The fiber grating temperature sensor 3 is arranged on each switch contact in the switch cabinet 1. The fiber grating temperature sensor 3 is connected to the optical splitter 5 outside the switch cabinet 1 through an optical fiber. The outlet end of the optical splitter 5 is connected to the demodulator via a communication optical cable 6. The demodulator transmits the demodulated signal to the central control system. The display module includes a display. The alarm module includes one or both of an alarm light and a buzzer. The fiber grating temperature sensor 3 is a thermosensitive element. The fiber grating temperature sensor 3 is a temperature measuring element directly installed on the surface of the object to be measured, which can quickly and accurately reflect the temperature information at the location. The optical fiber where the fiber grating temperature sensor 3 is located will obtain the optical signal in real time due to the temperature change through the optical splitter 5 and the communication optical cable 6 to the demodulator, and then transmit it to the central control system for analysis and identification. The temperature information obtained by identification is displayed by the display 13, and can also be connected to a printer to print it out. When the temperature exceeds the preset value, the alarm module will alarm. The optical fiber 4 has good flexibility, small diameter and light weight. It can penetrate into the parts that conventional sensors cannot reach for detection. The sensor can be directly installed on different switch cabinets: for example, 0.6kV switch cabinet, 0.38kV switch cabinet, GIS relay cabinet, transformers and other important power equipment exposed contacts, using the communication optical cable 6 as the transmission medium, successfully transmit the measurement signal to the outside of the switch cabinet 1, and realize the real-time online monitoring of the contact operating temperature. The display 13 is set to facilitate the inspection and monitoring of the electrical equipment in the switch cabinet 1, and it is easy to operate, improve the efficiency of measurement and control, and reduce the difficulty of equipment maintenance and inspection. The technical indicators of the system using this solution are: temperature measurement range: -55℃~+125℃, measurement time of all monitoring points: <1s, measurement accuracy: 0.5℃, measurement resolution: 0.1℃, optical cable transmission distance: more than 45km. The fiber grating sensor 3 has a simple structure, is easy to arrange, and has strong adaptability. It can overcome the interference caused by harsh environments such as high voltage, strong magnetic field, and marine salt spray, accurately collect the required temperature information, and can measure the temperature of the equipment in the switch cabinet 1 with high precision.

[0045] like Figure 1As shown, the temperature monitoring and early warning system is composed of a normal value detection subsystem and an over-predetermined value early warning subsystem; the normal value detection subsystem is composed of a temperature monitoring module and a display module, which is used to compare the temperature value in the switch cabinet with the preset temperature upper limit value, and output the normal temperature value to the display module;

[0046] like Figure 1 As shown, the over-preset value warning subsystem is composed of a temperature monitoring module, a display module and an alarm module, which is used to compare the temperature value in the switch cabinet with the preset temperature value. When the temperature value exceeds the preset temperature value, the temperature value is transmitted to the display module and the alarm module alarms. Taking the high-voltage switch cabinet as an example, the allowable temperature rise of the busbar is 75 degrees. Considering the ambient temperature (for example, 35 degrees), the maximum temperature during normal operation cannot exceed 110 degrees. When it is lower than 110 degrees, the normal value detection subsystem works. When the temperature exceeds 110 degrees, the temperature in the high-voltage switch cabinet is too high, and the over-preset value subsystem works.

[0047] like Figure 1 As shown, the smoke monitoring and opening system is composed of a low-concentration monitoring subsystem and a high-concentration monitoring subsystem; the low-concentration monitoring subsystem includes a smoke monitoring module and a ventilation module, which is used to compare the smoke concentration in the switch cabinet with a preset low smoke concentration value. When the smoke concentration value exceeds the preset low-concentration smoke value, the ventilation submodule performs ventilation and heat dissipation; the high-concentration monitoring subsystem includes a smoke monitoring module and a ventilation module, which is used to compare the smoke concentration in the switch cabinet with a preset high smoke concentration. When the smoke concentration value exceeds the preset high-concentration smoke value, the ventilation submodule performs ventilation and heat dissipation. The smoke monitoring module includes a smoke sensor 10 arranged on the top of the switch cabinet, and the switch cabinet 1 is divided into an upper chamber 8 and a lower chamber 9 by a partition 7. The upper chamber 8 is provided with a smoke sensor 10, and a pressure sensor is arranged in the lower chamber. The lower chamber 9 is arranged with a control switch box 11, and the control switch is arranged in the control switch box 11. The partition 7 is provided with a through hole 12, and the through hole 12 circulates air between the upper chamber 8 and the lower chamber 9. And a control valve is installed at the through hole 12. The electrical components in the switch cabinet 1 will generate a large amount of heat when working. If the heat accumulates too much, a fire will occur. Once a fire occurs, smoke will gather in the switch cabinet 1. The smoke sensor 10 will send a signal. The central control system will receive the signal and then control the alarm module 2 to work, prompt the staff, and turn on the ventilation module to quickly discharge the heat to avoid explosion.

[0048] like Figure 1As shown, the ventilation module includes a first ventilation submodule and a second ventilation submodule; the first ventilation submodule is used for preliminary ventilation and heat dissipation when the smoke concentration value exceeds the preset low-concentration smoke value and the preset high-concentration smoke value; the second ventilation submodule is used for advanced ventilation and heat dissipation when the smoke concentration value exceeds the preset high-concentration smoke value. The first ventilation module includes a low-speed fan, and the second ventilation module includes a high-speed fan. When the smoke concentration in the switch cabinet is relatively low, only the first ventilation module is turned on; if the smoke concentration in the switch cabinet is very high, the first ventilation module and the second ventilation module are turned on. With the above solution, different equipment is turned on for different situations, and there are corresponding solutions for each development stage in the switch cabinet to ensure safety.

[0049] like Figure 1 As shown, the pressure monitoring feedback system is composed of a pressure monitoring module, an alarm module, a ventilation module, a fire extinguishing module, a pressure relief mechanism, and an explosion-proof guide mechanism; the pressure monitoring module is used to detect the pressure in the switch cabinet and compare the pressure in the switch cabinet with the preset pressure value; the alarm module is used to alarm when the pressure value in the switch cabinet exceeds the preset pressure value; the ventilation module includes a first ventilation submodule and a second ventilation submodule, which are used to ventilate and exhaust when the pressure value in the switch cabinet exceeds the preset pressure value; the fire extinguishing module is used to extinguish the fire when the pressure value in the switch cabinet exceeds the preset pressure value; the pressure relief mechanism is used to relieve the pressure of the switch cabinet in the event of an explosion; the explosion-proof guide mechanism is used to provide guidance for the explosives after the explosion so that the explosion direction of the explosives is toward the ground. If the temperature monitoring module and the smoke monitoring module fail or the pressure in the switch cabinet rises sharply to cause an explosion hazard, the pressure monitoring feedback system plays a protective role. When the pressure in the switch cabinet rises sharply, the alarm module, the ventilation module, and the fire extinguishing module are all activated, and the pressure relief mechanism releases the pressure in the switch cabinet. Among them, the fire extinguishing module is a carbon dioxide storage tank arranged inside the switch cabinet. When the pressure rises and there is a risk of explosion, the gas in the carbon dioxide storage tank is discharged to neutralize the oxygen content in the switch cabinet and reduce the risk of explosion. When the gas in the carbon dioxide storage tank is discharged, the control valve at the through hole 12 is closed to separate the upper cavity from the lower cavity to avoid interference with the smoke sensor caused by the smoke caused by carbon dioxide.

[0050] like Figure 4 As shown, the pressure relief mechanism 26 is arranged at the opening at the top of the switch cabinet 1, and the pressure relief mechanism 26 includes a moving component, a buffer cover 30, and a buffer block 31. The buffer cover 30 is arranged on the top of the switch cabinet 1, and a pressure relief chamber is formed between the buffer cover 30 and the cabinet body of the switch cabinet 1. A buffer block 31 is installed inside the buffer cover 30. When an explosion occurs, the moving component moves to the buffer block 31 to complete the pressure relief.

[0051] like Figure 4As shown, the moving assembly includes a guide rod 27, a moving plate 28, and a cover plate 29. The guide rod 27 is symmetrically fixed on both sides of the opening. The guide rods 27 are slidably connected with the moving plate 28. The moving plate 28 and the cover plate 29 are fixedly connected by a connecting rod. The moving plate 28 is arranged inside the switch cabinet 1 cabinet, and the cover plate 29 is arranged outside the switch cabinet 1 cabinet. A pressure relief mechanism 26 is arranged on the top of the switch cabinet 1 cabinet, which can greatly reduce the harm to the surrounding buildings during the explosion. Once an explosion accident occurs, the moving plate 28 moves upward along the guide rod 27. Since the cover plate 29 and the moving plate 28 are fixed by a connecting rod, the cover plate 29 moves upward. When the cover plate 29 is separated from the switch cabinet 1 cabinet, the gas in the switch cabinet 1 flows to the buffer cover 30 for pressure relief. The cover plate 29 rushes to the buffer block 31. Under the action of the buffer block 31, the force on the buffer cover 30 is reduced. After the pressure relief, the cover plate 29 falls back to the top of the switch cabinet 1 cabinet. The buffer block 31 selects a buffer spring or a buffer rubber block.

[0052] like Figure 4-5 As shown, the explosion-proof guide mechanism 14 includes a guide channel 16 and a dust-proof net 17, and the open end of the guide channel 16 is arranged vertically toward the ground. A ventilation fan 15 is arranged inside the guide channel 16. Under normal use, the exhaust fan 15 will be started to ventilate and exhaust the cabinet, and the heat generated in the switch cabinet 1 will be released to the outside of the cabinet in time. If the heat accumulates too much or an unexpected fire source causes an explosion, the explosive will collapse to the ground along the explosion-proof guide channel 16, thereby reducing the damage to the staff and surrounding buildings. A dust-proof net 17 is installed at the connection between the explosion-proof guide channel 16 and the switch cabinet 1. During the operation of the exhaust fan 15, dust will also be brought into the switch cabinet 1. A dust-proof net 17 is arranged at the connection between the switch cabinet 1 and the explosion-proof guide channel 16 to reduce the accumulation of dust.

[0053] The fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor 3 comprises an insulating shell. The insulating shell is a shell made of ceramic material. The fiber Bragg grating sensor with a ceramic shell plays a certain insulating role and avoids the use of a metal shell that may cause electrification and affect detection.

[0054] like Figure 4As shown, the control switch box 11 is fixed on a bracket 18, and the bracket 18 reciprocates along the bottom plane of the switch cabinet 1 under the action of a guide rail slider mechanism 19. Fixed rods 20 are fixed on both sides of the bracket 18, and a slide groove 21 is provided inside the switch cabinet 1. The fixed rod 20 is slidably connected with the slide groove 21. A rack 22 is fixed on the fixed rod 20, and the rack 22 is meshed with a gear 23. The gear shaft and the fixed rod 20 are parallel to each other, and the gear shaft is connected to a motor 24. A travel switch 25 is provided on the cabinet wall at the opening of the switch cabinet 1. Since the control switch is generally arranged inside the switch cabinet 1, when performing line maintenance and installation, the operator is often required to enter the switch cabinet 1, and the space inside the switch cabinet 1 is limited, which is not convenient for operation. Therefore, by providing a guide rail slider structure at the bottom of the bracket 18, the bracket 18 can be moved along the switch cabinet 1, and the control switch box 11 is moved from the inside of the switch cabinet 1 to the outer edge of the switch cabinet 1, which is convenient for the operator to perform maintenance. When in use, the motor 24 is started under the command issued by the central control system, driving the gear shaft to rotate, and the gear 23 rotates accordingly. Since the gear 23 and the rack 22 are meshed with each other, the rack 22 drives the fixed rod 20 to move along the slide groove 21, and the guide rail slider mechanism 19 at the bottom of the bracket 18 cooperates with it to realize the movement of the bracket 18 along the inside of the switch cabinet 1. When the bracket 18 moves to the outermost side of the switch cabinet 1, the travel switch 25 controls the movement limit position, and the motor 24 stops running. A reducer can be installed between the motor 24 and the gear shaft to prevent the motor 24 from running too fast.

[0055] Working process: The temperature in the switch cabinet will fluctuate with use. When the temperature in the switch cabinet is within the normal range, the fiber grating sensor 3 detects the temperature and transmits the signal to the central control system. The central control system transmits the temperature information to the display module and displays it on the display. When the temperature in the switch cabinet exceeds the normal temperature range, that is, reaches the preset value, the central control system transmits the temperature information to the alarm module and issues an alarm. In the case of failure of the temperature monitoring and early warning system, the temperature far exceeds the normal temperature value and the switch cabinet will be filled with smoke. The smoke monitoring module detects the smoke concentration in the switch cabinet and starts different numbers of ventilation modules according to the different smoke concentration values. If neither the temperature monitoring system nor the smoke monitoring system works, the pressure in the switch cabinet will gradually rise and even cause an explosion risk. The pressure monitoring feedback module detects the pressure value in the switch cabinet and transmits it to the central control system, and then the ventilation module, alarm module, and fire extinguishing module are all started. At the same time, once an explosion occurs, the pressure relief mechanism releases the pressure to prevent the components in the switch cabinet from scattering in all directions.

[0056] The above technical solutions only reflect the preferred technical solutions of the technical solutions of the present invention. Some changes that may be made to certain parts thereof by technicians in this technical field all reflect the principles of the present invention and fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A safety monitoring system for power distribution equipment on an offshore platform, characterized in that: Including central control system, temperature monitoring and early warning system, smoke monitoring and opening system, pressure monitoring and feedback system; The temperature monitoring and early warning system is used to detect the temperature of the electrical equipment of the switch cabinet: The smoke monitoring and opening system is used to detect smoke in the switch cabinet; The pressure monitoring feedback system is used to provide feedback when an internal explosion occurs in the switch cabinet; The temperature monitoring and early warning system is composed of a normal value detection subsystem and an over-predetermined value early warning subsystem; The normal value detection subsystem is composed of a temperature monitoring module and a display module, which is used to compare the temperature value in the switch cabinet with the preset temperature upper limit value and output the normal temperature value to the display module; The over-preset value warning subsystem is composed of a temperature monitoring module, a display module and an alarm module, which is used to compare the temperature value in the switch cabinet with the preset temperature value. When the temperature value exceeds the preset temperature value, the temperature value is transmitted to the display module and the alarm module issues an alarm; The smoke monitoring and early warning system is composed of a low-concentration monitoring subsystem and a high-concentration monitoring subsystem; The low-concentration monitoring subsystem includes a smoke monitoring module and a ventilation module, which are used to compare the smoke concentration in the switch cabinet with a preset low smoke concentration value. When the smoke concentration value exceeds the preset low-concentration smoke value, the ventilation submodule performs ventilation and heat dissipation; The high-concentration monitoring subsystem includes a smoke monitoring module and a ventilation module, which are used to compare the smoke concentration in the switch cabinet with a preset high smoke concentration. When the smoke concentration value exceeds the preset high-concentration smoke value, the ventilation submodule performs ventilation and heat dissipation; The pressure monitoring feedback system is composed of a pressure monitoring module, an alarm module, a ventilation module, a fire extinguishing module, a pressure relief mechanism, and an explosion-proof guide mechanism; The pressure monitoring module is used to detect the pressure in the switch cabinet and compare the pressure in the switch cabinet with a preset pressure value; The alarm module is used to alarm when the pressure value in the switch cabinet exceeds a preset pressure value; The ventilation module includes a first ventilation submodule and a second ventilation submodule, which are used to ventilate and exhaust when the pressure value in the switch cabinet exceeds a preset pressure value; The fire extinguishing module is used to extinguish the fire when the pressure value in the switch cabinet exceeds a preset pressure value; The pressure relief mechanism is used to relieve pressure on the switch cabinet in the event of an explosion; The explosion-proof guide mechanism is used to provide guidance for the explosive after the explosion so that the splash direction of the explosive is toward the ground; The pressure relief mechanism (26) is arranged at an opening at the top of the switch cabinet (1), the pressure relief mechanism (26) comprising a moving component, a buffer cover (30), and a buffer block (31), the buffer cover (30) being arranged at the top of the switch cabinet (1), a pressure relief chamber being formed between the buffer cover (30) and a cabinet body of the switch cabinet (1), a buffer block (31) being installed inside the buffer cover (30), and the moving component moves to the buffer block (31) to complete pressure relief when an explosion occurs; The moving assembly comprises a guide rod (27), a moving plate (28), and a cover plate (29); the guide rods (27) are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the opening; a moving plate (28) is slidably connected between the guide rods (27); the moving plate (28) and the cover plate (29) are fixedly connected via a connecting rod; the moving plate (28) is arranged inside a switch cabinet (1) body; and the cover plate (29) is arranged outside the switch cabinet (1) body.

2. The offshore platform power distribution equipment safety monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ventilation module includes a first ventilation submodule and a second ventilation submodule; The first ventilation submodule is used to perform preliminary ventilation and heat dissipation when the smoke concentration value exceeds a preset low-concentration smoke value and a preset high-concentration smoke value; The second ventilation submodule is used to perform advanced ventilation and heat dissipation when the smoke concentration value exceeds a preset high-concentration smoke value.

3. The offshore platform power distribution equipment safety monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature monitoring module comprises a fiber grating sensor (3), an optical splitter (5), and a demodulator; The fiber grating sensor is used to detect the temperature of each electrical equipment contact in the switch cabinet; The optical splitter is used to connect the optical fibers where the fiber grating sensors are located together; The demodulator is used to transmit the demodulated signal to the central control system.

4. The offshore platform power distribution equipment safety monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The explosion-proof guide mechanism (14) comprises a guide channel (16) and a dustproof net (17), and the opening end of the guide channel (16) is arranged vertically toward the ground.

5. The offshore platform power distribution equipment safety monitoring system according to claim 4, characterized in that: A ventilation fan (15) is arranged inside the guide channel (16).

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