Refrigeration element and solid-state refrigeration system based on solid-state phase change compression effect

Abstract

The present invention discloses a refrigeration element and a solid-state refrigeration system based on the solid-state phase change compression effect, and belongs to the field of refrigeration technology. The refrigeration element includes a cylindrical cavity, and a vertical sample partition rack, a multi-layer circular ring sample partition rack or a multi-layer square sample partition rack can be arranged inside the cylindrical cavity. The sample partition rack can fix the compression material in an orderly manner inside the cavity. When the pressure device inputs anti-wear pressure oil into the cylindrical cavity through the oil delivery port to provide pressure for the entire cavity, the high pressure causes the compression material to undergo a phase change and release heat, and the heat is carried by the anti-wear pressure oil to the hot end heat exchanger; then the high-pressure electric injection pump is used to relieve the pressure in the cylindrical cavity through the oil delivery port, and the pressure-heat material undergoes a phase change after the pressure is relieved, absorbs heat, and the anti-wear pressure oil carries the cold to the cold end heat exchanger. The compression material in the refrigeration element is repeatedly pressurized and depressurized, thereby realizing a continuous refrigeration process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of refrigeration technology, and in particular relates to a refrigeration element and a solid-state refrigeration system based on a solid-state phase change compression effect. Background Art

[0002] In the field of traditional refrigeration, gas compression refrigeration technology has always occupied a dominant position. The refrigerants perfluorocarbons and hydrofluorocarbons used in traditional refrigeration technology are both greenhouse gases, which is obviously not conducive to my country's continued advancement of the "carbon neutrality" goal. Solid-state refrigeration technology has the advantages of low energy consumption, low noise and green environmental protection, and has always been a research focus in new refrigeration technologies. The principle of solid-state refrigeration technology is mainly based on one or more of the magnetocaloric effect, electrocaloric effect, elastocaloric effect and pressure-caloric effect of solid materials. Among them, the pressure-caloric effect is easier to promote in practical applications due to its advantages such as the excellent materials and the low cost and convenience of applying the stress field.

[0003] The principle of pressure-caloric effect refrigeration refers to applying pressure to a material with a phase change process. The pressure can effectively drive the material to undergo a phase change, causing it to absorb heat from the load to achieve the purpose of refrigeration. In the entire refrigeration process, pressure is the main driving factor and the key point in the refrigeration cycle. In a refrigerator based on the pressure-caloric effect, the refrigeration element part that drives the material phase change by pressure is the bridge connecting the cold end and the hot end, and plays a leading role in the entire heat conduction process. The refrigerant, the pressure transfer medium, and the reversibility of pressurization and pressure relief are the core issues that determine whether the pressure-caloric effect refrigeration element can effectively drive solid-state phase change refrigeration. To this end, the present invention provides a refrigeration element based on the pressure-caloric effect design, which is suitable for solid-state refrigeration systems based on the pressure-caloric effect. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a refrigeration element and a solid-state refrigeration system based on the solid-state phase change compression effect. The thermal effect refers to the thermal effect of absorbing or releasing heat when the material undergoes phase change under the pressure by applying pressure to the material with the phase change process. In the present invention, the compression refrigeration element uses this principle to make the material placed inside it undergo phase change under the pressure of the outside world so that it absorbs heat from the load to achieve the purpose of refrigeration.

[0005] In the present application, the pressure regulation method is to control the pressure by pressurizing and relieving the inside of the card pressing element through a pressurizing device.

[0006] In the refrigeration element, the sample separation rack can fix the spherical card pressing material inside the cavity, arrange it into the required array structure according to the needs, or directly pile it at the bottom of the cavity. The card pressing material used has the characteristic of being able to drive the phase change by pressure, heating up and releasing heat under high pressure, cooling down and absorbing heat when the pressure is released. When the refrigeration element is connected to the card pressing refrigeration system, the heat and cold generated by the phase change can be transported to the entire system by the anti-wear hydraulic oil, and the card pressing material in the refrigeration element can be repeatedly pressurized and depressurized, thereby realizing a continuous refrigeration process.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0008] A refrigeration element based on the solid-state phase change compression effect, the refrigeration element comprises a cylindrical cavity, a cavity cover, a base, and a cold-end heat exchanger liquid outlet, a cold-end heat exchanger liquid inlet, a hot-end heat exchanger liquid inlet, an oil port, and a hot-end heat exchanger liquid outlet located on the side wall of the cavity; wherein the bottom of the cylindrical cavity is connected and fixed to the base, the upper part of the cavity is connected to the cover, and the cylindrical cavity is used to accommodate compression material. A preferred method is that a replaceable sample partition rack can be added inside the cylindrical cavity to place the compression material inside the cavity, the partition rack is a vertical sample partition rack, which includes a compression material filling area and a partition rack base, and a plurality of support rods are arranged in an array on the partition rack base, and the intervals between the support rods constitute the compression material filling area. In another preferred embodiment, the sample partition rack can be replaced with a multi-layer circular ring sample partition rack, each layer of the circular ring partition rack includes a plurality of concentric rings, and the plurality of concentric rings are supported in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction of each layer by longitudinal fixing brackets and transverse fixing brackets, respectively, and the intervals between the concentric rings constitute a card pressing material filling area. In another preferred embodiment, the sample partition rack can be replaced with a multi-layer square sample partition rack, which includes a partition rack base, an array of independent frame units stacked on the base, each frame unit constitutes a card pressing material filling area, and each frame unit at the bottom layer is fixed to the base, respectively, and in the direction perpendicular to the base, the frame units at the upper layer are fixedly connected to the adjacent frame units at the lower layer. The upper and lower ends of the right side wall of the cylindrical cavity are provided with openings, wherein the upper end opening is connected to the liquid outlet of the cold end heat exchanger, and the lower end opening of the right side wall of the cylindrical cavity is connected to the liquid inlet of the cold end heat exchanger, and the upper and lower openings are provided with sealed filter screens. The opening in the middle of the front of the cylindrical cavity is connected to the oil delivery port; the upper and lower ends of the left wall of the cylindrical cavity are provided with openings, wherein the upper opening is connected to the liquid outlet of the hot end heat exchanger, and the lower opening of the left wall of the cylindrical cavity is connected to the liquid inlet of the cold end heat exchanger, and the upper and lower openings are provided with sealing filters. The upper cover and the upper part of the cylindrical cavity are freely detachable and sealed, and a sealing rubber ring is installed at the connection. The liquid input into the cavity from the oil delivery port and flowing through the liquid outlet, liquid inlet, liquid inlet and liquid outlet of the cold end heat exchanger is anti-wear hydraulic oil.

[0009] Low carbon and environmentally friendly to meet various refrigeration needs, can effectively replace the traditional gas compression refrigeration method. During use, a certain number of samples can be directly stacked inside the cylindrical cavity, which is easy to operate; the samples can also be placed in the corresponding type of partition rack as needed, which is convenient for replacing samples and effectively prevents the samples from moving, reducing the loss caused by the samples being crushed due to mutual collision and extrusion in the cavity; the array sample arrangement method has a neat internal structure, which can fully carry out the phase change process of the card pressing material, and the partition rack can accommodate more samples; the card pressing material described in the refrigeration element of the present invention is set to a design of direct contact and heat exchange with the liquid, which can transfer heat between the fluid and the material, with small heat loss, a larger heat exchange area between the sample and the fluid, and a higher heat exchange efficiency, which is convenient and ensures that the fluid can flow smoothly in the refrigeration element. Compared with the mechanical pressure method, the sample is more evenly pressurized, the pressure transmission rate is faster, the pressure is applied more accurately, the pressurization and pressure relief operations are simple, and the pressurization and pressure relief processes can be quickly realized.

[0010] When the anti-wear hydraulic oil is input into the inner cavity of the refrigeration element from the oil delivery port 7, the pressure is transmitted to the fixed pressing material in the cavity through the anti-wear hydraulic oil. The cold end heat exchanger liquid outlet, the cold end heat exchanger liquid inlet, the hot end heat exchanger liquid inlet, the hot end heat exchanger liquid outlet and the oil delivery port are respectively fixed with sealed filter screens, which can effectively prevent the sample from clogging the pipeline and the sample from flowing out with the liquid; in conjunction with the hydraulic pump in the refrigeration system, it is convenient for the fluid in the cavity to flow in and out to realize the circulation process in the whole system, thereby achieving a refrigeration effect.

[0011] The above-mentioned compression refrigeration element can be applied to a solid-state refrigeration system with pressure drive as the core component. The refrigeration element of the present invention can also be applied to compression materials with opposite pressure-heat effects, such as materials that absorb heat during the pressurization process and release heat during the pressure relief process. The refrigeration cycle process of the abnormal compression material can be completed by simply installing the pipeline of the cold end heat exchanger end of the refrigeration element in the system in reverse with the pipeline of the hot end heat exchanger end. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 These are the external three-view drawings of the compression refrigeration element.

[0013] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of a refrigeration element with a vertical sample partition rack installed inside; (a) longitudinal section; (b) transverse section.

[0014] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of a refrigeration element with a multi-layer circular ring-shaped sample partition rack installed inside; (a) longitudinal section; (b) transverse section.

[0015] Figure 4It is a cross-sectional view of a refrigeration element with multiple layers of square sample partition racks installed inside; (a) longitudinal section; (b) transverse section.

[0016] Figure 5 Diagram of a compression refrigeration system including refrigeration elements.

[0017] Among them: 1—cavity cover, 2—cold end heat exchanger liquid outlet, 3—cylindrical cavity, 4—cold end heat exchanger liquid inlet, 5—base, 6—hot end heat exchanger liquid inlet, 7—oil port, 8—hot end heat exchanger liquid outlet, 31—vertical sample partition rack, 32—pressing material filling area, 33—partition rack base, 34—multi-layer circular ring sample partition rack, 35—sample partition rack longitudinal fixing bracket, 36—sample partition rack transverse fixing bracket, 37—pressing material filling area, 38—multi-layer square sample partition rack, 39—partition rack base, 310—pressing material filling area, 40—independent frame unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] like Figure 1 As shown, the refrigeration element based on the solid-state phase change compression effect includes a cavity cover 1, a cold end heat exchanger liquid outlet 2, a cylindrical cavity 3, a cold end heat exchanger liquid inlet 4, a base 5, a hot end heat exchanger liquid inlet 6, an oil delivery port 7, and a hot end heat exchanger liquid outlet 8. Its structure is: the upper end opening of the right side wall of the cylindrical cavity 3 is connected to the cold end heat exchanger liquid outlet 2, and the lower end opening of the right side wall of the cylindrical cavity 3 is connected to the cold end heat exchanger liquid inlet 4; the front middle opening of the cylindrical cavity 3 is connected to the oil delivery port 7; the bottom of the cylindrical cavity 3 is fixedly connected to the base 5; the upper end opening of the left side wall of the cylindrical cavity 3 is connected to the hot end heat exchanger liquid outlet 8, and the lower end opening of the left side wall of the cylindrical cavity 3 is connected to the hot end heat exchanger liquid inlet 6; the upper part of the cylindrical cavity 3 is connected to the cavity cover 1, and can be freely disassembled and installed for sealing, and a sealing rubber ring is installed at the connection. Sealed filters are fixed in the cold-end heat exchanger liquid outlet 2, the cold-end heat exchanger liquid inlet 4, the hot-end heat exchanger liquid inlet 6, the hot-end heat exchanger liquid outlet 8 and other components respectively, for preventing the sample from clogging the pipeline and the sample from flowing out with the liquid.

[0019] The main body of the refrigeration element is a cylindrical structure with a cylindrical cavity. The cylinder is made of a material with good pressure resistance, such as stainless steel. The bottom of the cylinder is sealed and fixed on the base 5. The upper end of the cylinder has a cavity cover 1 that can be freely installed and removed.

[0020] The card pressing material is pre-treated before being placed in the cylindrical cavity 3. Preferably, the card pressing material is pre-pressed into a shape, such as a spherical structure, whose shape, size and quantity are determined according to the use conditions to achieve uniform pressure and heat distribution and improve heat transfer efficiency. The card pressing material can also be selected in other shapes and structures, such as a cylinder, a circular sheet, a cube, etc.

[0021] During the refrigeration process, the samples can be directly stacked and placed at the bottom of the cylindrical cavity 3. In a preferred embodiment, the cavity of the card-pressing refrigeration element of the present invention can include different replaceable sample separation racks to facilitate the separation and fixation of the card-pressing material filled into the cavity. When the sample separation rack is used, the sample separation rack is as follows: Figure 2-4 As shown. Figure 2 It is a vertical sample separation rack 31, which includes a card pressing material filling area 32 and a separation rack base 33. A plurality of support rods are arranged in an array on the separation rack base 33, and the intervals between the support rods constitute the card pressing material filling area.

[0022] Figure 3 The multi-layered annular sample separator 34 is shown, and each layer of the annular separator includes a plurality of concentric rings, which are connected and supported in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction of each layer by longitudinal fixing brackets 35 and transverse fixing brackets 36, respectively, and a compression material filling area 37 is formed between the concentric rings. Preferably, the interval gap between each sample material in the same ring can be appropriately adjusted as needed to facilitate the back and forth flow of the heat exchange fluid in the gap, further expand the heat exchange area, and improve the heat exchange efficiency.

[0023] Figure 4 The multi-layer square sample partition rack 38 is shown, which includes a partition rack base 39, and a plurality of independent frame units 40 stacked in an array on the base 39, each independent frame unit 40 is a strip-shaped hollow rectangular parallelepiped structure; each frame unit has a card material filling area 310, and each frame unit located at the bottom is fixed to the base 39 respectively; in the direction perpendicular to the base, in the same vertical column, the frame unit located at the upper layer is fixedly connected to the adjacent lower frame unit. Preferably, a plurality of corresponding card slots are set in each independent frame unit 40, and the position and number of the card slots are designed so that the spacing between each sample material can be appropriately adjusted as needed in the same frame unit, further expanding the heat exchange area; preferably, the spacing between each column of frame units can be adjusted as needed, so as to facilitate the smooth circulation of liquid, expand the heat exchange area, and increase the efficiency of heat exchange.

[0024] The compression card cooling element of the present invention can withstand a maximum pressure of 400MPa. Preferably, the internally designed sample separation bracket is made of a material with high compressive strength, such as a metal material with high compressive strength, stainless steel, etc. Preferably, the surface of the material is coated with an insulating material to minimize the heat dissipation during the sample heat exchange process.

[0025] like Figure 5As shown, when the refrigeration element of the present invention is used in a refrigeration system, the pressurizing device injects anti-wear hydraulic oil into the interior of the cylindrical cavity 3 and the entire system pipeline through the oil delivery port 7 to ensure that all samples are immersed in the hydraulic oil. At this time, the cavity upper cover 1 is connected to the cylindrical cavity 3, and a rubber ring is used in the middle to fix the seal and tighten it, and the pressurizing device is used to pressurize the fluid inside the cavity.

[0026] During the pressurization process, the cold-end heat exchanger liquid outlet 2, the cold-end heat exchanger liquid inlet 4, the hot-end heat exchanger liquid inlet 6, and the hot-end heat exchanger liquid outlet 8 are closed under the action of the pressure control valve, and the high-pressure fluid transfers the pressure to the sample inside the cavity. The pressure is maintained for a period of time, and the compression material changes phase under the drive of pressure, the sample heats up, and the temperature of the fluid in the cavity rises. Then the pressure control valves of the hot-end heat exchanger liquid inlet 6 and the hot-end heat exchanger liquid outlet 8 on the left are opened, and the high-temperature fluid is transferred to the hot end through the hot-end heat exchanger liquid outlet 8 by the hydraulic pump. The high-temperature fluid flows through the hot-end heat exchanger, exchanges the heat brought out of the refrigeration element with the hot-end load, and then flows through the hot-end heat exchanger liquid inlet 6 back to the cylindrical cavity 3. At this time, the pressure control valves of the hot-end heat exchanger liquid inlet 6 and the hot-end heat exchanger liquid outlet 8 are closed. The pressurizing device performs a pressure relief operation on the pressure in the cylindrical cavity 3 through the oil delivery port 7. The card material reaches the phase change pressure during the pressure relief process and thus undergoes a phase change. The sample temperature drops, and the temperature of the fluid in the cavity drops. The hydraulic pump transfers the low-temperature fluid in the cylindrical cavity 3 to the cold end through the liquid outlet 2 of the cold end heat exchanger. In the cold end heat exchanger, the low-temperature fluid exchanges the cold brought out of the refrigeration element with the cold end load, and then flows back to the cavity through the liquid inlet 4 of the cold end heat exchanger, completing a cycle process and achieving a refrigeration effect.

[0027] The compression material in the refrigeration element is repeatedly pressurized and depressurized, and the fluid circulates in the system to exchange heat, thereby achieving a continuous refrigeration process.

[0028] Other Preferences

[0029] Every compatible combination of the above-described embodiments is expressly disclosed herein, as if each combination were individually and specifically recited.

[0030] Various other aspects and embodiments of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art in view of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A refrigeration element based on solid-state phase change compression effect, characterized in that: The refrigeration element comprises a cylindrical cavity (3), a cavity cover (1) and a base (5), and a cold end heat exchanger liquid outlet (2), a cold end heat exchanger liquid inlet (4), a hot end heat exchanger liquid inlet (6), an oil delivery port (7) and a hot end heat exchanger liquid outlet (8) are respectively arranged on the side wall of the cylindrical cavity; wherein the bottom of the cylindrical cavity is fixedly connected to the base, the upper part of the cavity is connected to the cover, and the cylindrical cavity is used to accommodate a compression material; A replaceable sample partitioning rack is provided inside the cylindrical cavity for placing the card pressing material inside the cavity; The sample partition rack is a vertical sample partition rack (31), comprising a card pressing material filling area and a partition rack base, wherein a plurality of support rods are arranged in an array on the vertical sample partition rack base, and the intervals between the support rods constitute a card pressing material filling area (32); The refrigeration element also includes a pressure control valve for controlling at least one of the liquid flow paths.

2. The refrigeration element based on solid-state phase change compression effect according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sample separator is a multi-layered annular sample separator (34), each layer of which comprises a plurality of concentric rings, the plurality of concentric rings being supported in the vertical direction and in the horizontal direction of each layer by a longitudinal fixing bracket (35) and a transverse fixing bracket (36), and the intervals between the concentric rings constitute a card pressing material filling area.

3. The refrigeration element based on solid-state phase change compression effect according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sample partition rack is a multi-layer square sample partition rack (38), comprising a partition rack base, and independent frame units (40) stacked in an array on the partition rack base, each frame unit forming a card material filling area, and each frame unit at the bottom layer is fixed to the partition rack base respectively, and in a direction perpendicular to the base, the frame units at the upper layer are fixedly connected to the adjacent frame units at the lower layer.

4. The refrigeration element based on solid-state phase change compression effect according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper and lower ends of the right wall of the cylindrical cavity (3) are provided with openings, wherein the upper opening is connected to the liquid outlet (2) of the cold end heat exchanger, and the lower opening of the right wall of the cylindrical cavity (3) is connected to the liquid inlet (4) of the cold end heat exchanger, and sealed filter screens are provided at the upper and lower openings.

5. The refrigeration element based on solid-state phase change compression effect according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front central opening of the cylindrical cavity (3) is connected to the oil delivery port (7); the upper and lower ends of the left wall of the cylindrical cavity (3) are provided with openings, wherein the upper opening is connected to the liquid outlet (8) of the hot end heat exchanger, and the lower opening of the left wall of the cylindrical cavity (3) is connected to the liquid inlet (6) of the hot end heat exchanger, and the upper and lower openings are both provided with sealing filters; the upper cover and the upper part of the cylindrical cavity (3) are connected in a freely detachable sealing manner, and a sealing rubber ring is installed at the connection.

6. The refrigeration element based on solid-state phase change compression effect according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid input into the cavity through the oil delivery port (7) and flowing through the cold end heat exchanger liquid outlet (2), the cold end heat exchanger liquid inlet (4), the hot end heat exchanger liquid inlet (6) and the hot end heat exchanger liquid outlet (8) is anti-wear hydraulic oil.

7. A solid-state refrigeration system based on the pressure-caloric effect, comprising a refrigeration element as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6.

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