A method and device for measuring heat capacity of cigarette smoke
By installing a heat absorption module and capillary thermocouple in the cigarette device, recording the temperature changes of the flue gas, and calculating the heat capacity of the cigarette smoke, the problem of difficult to measure the heat capacity of the mainstream cigarette smoke in the prior art is solved, and accurate evaluation indicators are provided and low-cost measurement methods.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202111066887.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2021-09-13
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-13
- Estimated Expiration
- 2041-09-13
AI Technical Summary
The prior art is difficult to accurately measure the heat capacity of mainstream cigarette smoke, which leads to a large difference in the heat of smoke at the same temperature to smokers and lacks effective evaluation indicators.
Using a method and device for measuring the heat capacity of the flue gas, by plugging the filter end of the cigarette sample into the tubular body, installing a heat absorption module and a capillary thermocouple, recording the temperature before and after the smoke passing through the heat absorption module, and using heat absorption The thermal capacity constant of the module calculates the thermal capacity of the flue gas.
Accurate determination of the heat capacity of cigarette smoke is achieved, quantitative evaluation data is provided, and the performance differences of different cigarette products can be compared more accurately, and the measurement cost is reduced.
Smart Images
Figure CN113777131B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention belongs to the field of cigarette smoke heat detection, and relates to a method and a device that can be used for measuring the heat capacity of cigarette smoke. Background Art
[0002] At present, the research on heat-not-burn cigarettes is increasingly popular. The heat source, cigarette structure and composition of heat-not-burn cigarettes are very different from those of conventional cigarettes. The smoke temperature is generally higher than that of conventional cigarettes. When smoking, the mouth sometimes feels the burning of smoke. Therefore, the smoke temperature is an important indicator for the evaluation of heat-not-burn cigarette smoke. Many inventions have achieved the accurate measurement of smoke temperature for the evaluation of the burning sensation of smoke. However, in actual situations, there are situations where different smokes of the same temperature give smokers different heat sensations. Some feel normal, and some may feel hot. This is because the heat capacity of different smokes is different. Similar to the human body in contact with air or hot water at the same temperature of 100°C, 100°C air makes people feel very hot, while 100°C hot water has a large heat capacity and can burn the human body. The content of moisture, atomizer, etc. in the smoke of heat-not-burn cigarettes is much higher than that of conventional cigarettes, and its heat capacity is far higher than that of conventional cigarettes. Measuring the heat capacity of smoke can make a more comprehensive evaluation of the burning sensation of heat-not-burn cigarette smoke, and by comparing quantitative measurement data, it can better support the research on heat-not-burn cigarettes.
[0003] Currently, there are few reports on the measurement of the heat capacity of mainstream cigarette smoke. Patent CN 108872145 A "A method for measuring the heat release of a charcoal-heated cigarette heating material on a puff-by-puff basis" calculates the heat of combustion by measuring the combustion products, but what is measured is still not the heat capacity of mainstream smoke. Summary of the invention
[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method and device for measuring the heat capacity of cigarette smoke, which are used to compare the difference in heat capacity of mainstream smoke of different cigarettes.
[0005] The present invention provides a method for measuring the heat capacity of flue gas, the method comprising the following steps:
[0006] S1, inserting the filter tip of the cigarette sample into the tubular body with openings at both ends, so that the filter tip is tightly connected to the opening at one end of the tubular body;
[0007] S2. Install a heat absorption module and a capillary thermocouple in the tubular body: the heat absorption module is a porous structure made of a material with good thermal conductivity, and the periphery of the porous structure is in close contact with the inner wall of the tubular body; capillary thermocouples are respectively placed on the heat absorption module near the cigarette holder side, inside the heat absorption module, and on the heat absorption module near the smoking machine side, and the temperature measuring heads of the capillary thermocouples are all placed at the axial center of the tubular body; the temperature measuring head being at the axial center makes the measured temperature more representative. Currently, the smoke temperature is generally measured using one measuring point at the axial center.
[0008] S3, connecting the smoking machine to the other end opening of the tubular body;
[0009] S4, turning on the temperature recorder connected to the capillary thermocouple;
[0010] S5, turning on the smoking machine to smoke the cigarette;
[0011] S6, the temperature recorder synchronously records the temperature of the capillary thermocouple;
[0012] S7, calculating the heat capacity of the cigarette smoke according to the temperature measured by the capillary thermocouple.
[0013] In the present invention, mainstream smoke passes through a heat absorption module, which can quickly absorb the heat of the smoke and increase the temperature. The heating temperature of the module and the temperature of the smoke before and after passing through are used to perform relevant calculations to achieve comparative measurement of the heat content of the smoke.
[0014] Optionally, in step S1, the filter tip is tightly connected to the opening at one end of the tubular body through a sealing ring. Usually, there is no need to pay attention to the insertion depth, which can be determined based on actual conditions. However, attention should be paid to sealing the inner circumference of the opening at one end of the tubular body. Sealing can be achieved by conventional methods, such as adding a sealing ring, using a sleeve, a bayonet, etc. It is not required that the cigarette can be reused, as long as it is as close to the state when smoking as possible. Because the cigarette mouthpiece is soft, the mouthpiece cannot be deformed during sealing, and a soft sealing ring can be used.
[0015] Optionally, in step S2, there are at least three capillary thermocouples, which are used to measure the temperature of the smoke before passing through the heat absorption module, the temperature after passing through the heat absorption module, and the temperature of the module, respectively, and the heat capacity can be calculated by averaging or weighted averaging. Temperature measuring heads or thermocouples can be added to adapt to different cigarette measurement conditions. Optionally, in step S3, one end opening of the tubular body is connected to a smoking machine through a hose for smoking cigarettes. The smoking conditions of the smoking machine can refer to industry standard methods or be determined by the user.
[0016] Optionally, steps S4-S6 are started sequentially.
[0017] Optionally, the smoking process includes lighting a cigarette.
[0018] Optionally, in step S7, the calculation formula is:
[0019] C = k × (T-T0) / (T1-T2);
[0020] Among them, k is the heat capacity constant of the heat absorption module, which is a fixed value for the same test device, T0 is the temperature of the heat absorption module before the flue gas passes through, T is the temperature of the heat absorption module after the flue gas passes through, T1 is the average temperature of the flue gas before passing through the heat absorption module, and T2 is the average temperature of the flue gas after passing through the heat absorption module.
[0021] Optionally, the periphery of the heat absorption module is in close contact with the inner wall of the tubular body to ensure that all smoke passes through the porous structure during inhalation.
[0022] Optionally, the heat absorption module is a disc made of a metal with good thermal conductivity, and the entire disc is a porous structure, so that the flue gas can quickly exchange heat with the heat absorption module when passing through. The cross-section of the heat absorption module is generally circular, and can also be square or triangular, as long as it can be placed inside the tubular body. The heat absorption module can fit tightly with the tubular body, or it can be in close contact with the inner wall of the tubular body by a bridge. The heat absorption module can also be made of non-metal with good thermal conductivity, such as carbon fiber.
[0023] Preferably, the measurement process is in an environment recommended by the cigarette smoking industry standard to ensure the repeatability and comparability of the measurement results.
[0024] The present invention also provides a smoke heat capacity measuring device, the smoke heat capacity measuring device comprising a tubular body, a heat absorption module and a capillary thermocouple;
[0025] The tubular body is hollow and open at both ends. A sealing ring is fixed at one end for inserting cigarettes, and the other end is open for connecting to a smoking machine.
[0026] The heat absorption module is located inside the tubular body and is a porous structure made of a material with good thermal conductivity. The periphery of the porous structure is sealed and connected to the inner wall of the tubular body.
[0027] There are three capillary thermocouples, and capillary thermocouple temperature measuring heads are respectively arranged on the side of the heat absorption module close to the cigarette, inside the heat absorption module, and on the side of the heat absorption module close to the smoking machine. The temperature measuring heads are all arranged at the axial center position of the tubular body.
[0028] Preferably, the smoke heat capacity measuring device matches the above-mentioned smoke heat capacity measuring method.
[0029] Optionally, the tubular main structure is made of a low heat transfer material. For example, the thermal conductivity of the low heat transfer material is generally lower than 0.2w / mk, and the operating temperature is -40℃-300℃. Preferably, a plastic material is used, and the thermal conductivity is lower than 0.2w / mk. Since the measurement is made at room temperature, there is no low temperature limit, but considering the flue gas temperature, it is best to be able to withstand temperatures above 100℃, and the material should be easy to process and cheap.
[0030] Optionally, the low heat transfer material is selected from one or more of the following materials, or a mixture thereof:
[0031] Plastics, foams, polymer resins, glass.
[0032] Optionally, the method ensures that all smoke passes through the porous structure of the heat absorption module during inhalation.
[0033] Optionally, the heat absorption module is made of metal or non-metal with good thermal conductivity, such as copper, silver, aluminum, carbon fiber, etc., which can quickly exchange heat with the flue gas. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, copper is used.
[0034] Optionally, the shape of the opening of the tubular body is circular, triangular, square or polygonal, etc. Usually, the shape of the opening end of the tubular body is mainly consistent with the shape of the cigarette, preferably circular.
[0035] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the smoke heat capacity measuring device includes five parts, as shown in the schematic diagram. Figure 1 As shown, where:
[0036] 1 is a tubular main structure, which is made of low heat transfer materials such as plastic.
[0037] 2 is an opening at the left end of the main body, which is used to insert cigarettes. There is a sealing ring on the opening to ensure that the cigarette is sealed after insertion.
[0038] 3 is an opening at the right end of the main body, which is connected to a smoking machine through a hose for smoking cigarettes.
[0039] 4 is a heat absorption module, which is a disc made of metal with good thermal conductivity, and the entire disc is a porous structure, so that the smoke and the heat absorption module can quickly exchange heat. The periphery of the disc is sealed with the tubular inner wall of the main body to ensure that the smoke passes through the porous structure of the disc during inhalation.
[0040] 5 is a capillary thermocouple, there are three of them, the temperature measuring heads of the thermocouples are located on the left side of the heat absorption module, inside the module, and on the right side of the module, all at the axis of the main structure. They are used to measure the temperature of the flue gas before passing through the heat absorption module, the temperature after passing through the heat absorption module, and the temperature of the module.
[0041] The present invention also provides an application of the smoke heat capacity measuring device, which is used to measure the heat capacity of mainstream cigarette smoke.
[0042] By using the present invention, the temperature of the heat absorption module before and after the smoke passes through and the temperature of the smoke can be measured conveniently and accurately, and then the heat capacity of the smoke can be obtained by calculation.
[0043] Optionally, the smoke heat capacity measuring device is used to measure or compare the burning degree of cigarette smoke.
[0044] The method and smoke heat capacity measuring device of the present invention can measure the heat capacity of smoke, provide a more accurate index that is more in line with human smoking experience for the technical standard of cigarettes, and can more accurately compare the performance differences of various cigarette products.
[0045] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects obtained by the present invention include:
[0046] 1. The present invention realizes the measurement of heat capacity of smoke for the first time, applies the heat capacity measurement method and device to cigarette research, and provides a new measurement reference for cigarette smoking evaluation.
[0047] 2. In practice, different smokes of the same temperature may give smokers very different temperature sensations, and heat capacity is an important reason. The present invention uses heat capacity as an indicator to provide a quantitative data reference for the evaluation of the burning sensation of cigarettes.
[0048] 3. The method of the present invention is simple, safe and quick to operate, and the flue gas heat capacity measuring device used is low-cost and can be promoted and applied on a large scale. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0049] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the flue gas heat capacity measurement device.
[0050] Among them, 1 is a tubular main structure, which is made of low heat transfer materials such as plastic.
[0051] 2 is an opening at the left end of the main body, which is used to insert cigarettes. There is a sealing ring on the opening to ensure that the cigarette is sealed after insertion.
[0052] 3 is an opening at the right end of the main body, which is connected to a smoking machine through a hose for smoking cigarettes.
[0053] 4 is a heat absorption module, which is a disc made of metal with good thermal conductivity.
[0054] 5 is a capillary thermocouple, there are three of them, the temperature measuring heads of the thermocouples are located on the left side of the heat absorption module, inside the module, and on the right side of the module, all at the axis of the main structure. They are used to measure the temperature of the flue gas before passing through the heat absorption module, the temperature after passing through the heat absorption module, and the temperature of the module.
[0055] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the heat absorption module.
[0056] It can be seen that the entire disc of the heat absorption module is a porous structure, the periphery of the disc is sealed and connected to the tubular inner wall of the main body, and the smoke all passes through the porous structure of the disc during inhalation. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0057] The present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments.
[0058] Example 1
[0059] A flue gas heat capacity measuring device, such as Figure 1 The figure includes 5 parts, among which:
[0060] The tubular main structure is made of plexiglass.
[0061] The left end of the main body is opened for inserting cigarettes, and a sealing ring is provided on the opening to ensure sealing after the cigarette is inserted.
[0062] The right end of the main body is open and connected to a smoking machine through a hose for smoking cigarettes.
[0063] The heat absorption module is a disc made of metal with good thermal conductivity, and the entire disc is a porous structure, so that the smoke and the heat absorption module can quickly exchange heat. The periphery of the disc is in close contact with the tubular inner wall of the main body, ensuring that the smoke passes through the porous structure of the disc when inhaling.
[0064] There are three capillary thermocouples, and the temperature measuring heads of the thermocouples are located on the left side of the heat absorption module, inside the module, and on the right side of the module, all at the axis of the main structure. They are used to measure the temperature of the flue gas before passing through the heat absorption module, the temperature after passing through the heat absorption module, and the temperature of the module.
[0065] When in use, insert a cigarette sample into the left end of the smoke heat capacity measuring device, turn on the temperature recorder, turn on the smoking machine for inhalation, and calculate the heat capacity of the smoke based on the temperature measured by the thermocouple temperature measuring head.
[0066] Example 2
[0067] The smoking machine and the cigarette sample 1 are connected to the circular openings at both ends of the smoke heat capacity measuring device, and the filter of the cigarette sample is inserted into the sealing ring at one end of the opening, so that the filter is tightly connected to the opening at one end of the tubular body. Turn on the temperature recorder and smoking machine connected to the capillary thermocouple, and turn on the smoking machine for smoking. Use porous foam copper as a heat absorption module. According to the temperature measured by the capillary thermocouple, calculate the heat capacity of the cigarette smoke.
[0068] The calculation formula for flue gas heat capacity is:
[0069] C = k × (T-T0) / (T1-T2);
[0070] Among them, k is the heat capacity constant of the heat absorption module, which is 0.016J / ℃ in this example, T0 is the temperature of the heat absorption module before the smoke passes through, T is the temperature of the heat absorption module after the smoke passes through, T1 is the average temperature of the smoke before passing through the heat absorption module, and T2 is the average temperature of the smoke after passing through the heat absorption module. Since the smoke temperature changes transiently, in this example, T1 and T2 are averaged for calculation, and the measured heat capacity is a relative value. However, since all tests are carried out under the same conditions, the measurement results are sufficient for comparison of the heat or heat capacity of smoke from different cigarettes.
[0071] The results of flue gas heat capacity determination are shown in Table 1.
[0072] Table 1 Test results of heat capacity of smoke of cigarette sample 1
[0073] Number of mouths T1 T T2 T0 Heat capacity J / ℃ 1 46.0 43.0 43.8 24.2 0.137 2 44.4 41.0 42.7 25.2 0.146 3 42.0 38.7 40.6 25.6 0.148 4 40.0 36.5 38.7 25.8 0.132 5 38.3 34.5 37.1 25.8 0.110 6 36.9 32.9 35.7 25.7 0.095 7 35.7 31.7 34.6 25.6 0.086
[0074] Example 3
[0075] Insert cigarette sample 2 at the left end of the device, turn on the temperature recorder, and turn on the smoking machine to smoke. The heat capacity constant of the heat absorption module is 0.016 J / ℃. The results of the heat capacity measurement of smoke are shown in Table 2.
[0076] Table 2 Test results of heat capacity of smoke of cigarette sample 2
[0077] Number of mouths T1 T T2 T0 Heat capacity J / ℃ 1 42.2 38.7 39.4 22.8 0.091 2 46.3 41.3 44.1 23.8 0.132 3 46.1 41.7 44.3 24.7 0.148 4 44.2 39.8 42.3 25.4 0.126 5 40.3 35.6 38.7 25.6 0.101 6 37.7 33.2 36.2 25.6 0.079 7 35.9 31.7 34.4 25.5 0.066
[0078] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by any technician familiar with the technology in the field within the technical scope disclosed in the present application should be covered by the protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. A method for measuring the heat capacity of flue gas, characterized in that: The heat capacity of flue gas is measured using a flue gas heat capacity measuring device; The flue gas heat capacity measuring device comprises a tubular body, a heat absorption module and a capillary thermocouple; The tubular body is hollow and open at both ends. A sealing ring is fixed at one end for inserting cigarettes, and the other end is open for connecting to a smoking machine. The heat absorption module is located inside the tubular body and is a porous structure made of a material with good thermal conductivity. The periphery of the porous structure is in close contact with the inner wall of the tubular body. At least three capillary thermocouples are provided, and at least one temperature measuring head of the capillary thermocouple is respectively provided on the side of the heat absorption module close to the cigarette holder, inside the heat absorption module, and on the side of the heat absorption module close to the smoking machine, and the temperature measuring heads are all provided at the axial center of the tubular body; The method comprises the following steps: S1, inserting the filter tip of the cigarette sample into the tubular body with openings at both ends, so that the filter tip is tightly connected to the opening at one end of the tubular body; S2, installing a heat absorption module and a capillary thermocouple in the tubular body: the heat absorption module is a porous structure made of a material with good thermal conductivity, and the periphery of the porous structure is in close contact with the inner wall of the tubular body; at least one temperature measuring head of the capillary thermocouple is respectively arranged on the side of the heat absorption module close to the cigarette holder, inside the heat absorption module, and on the side of the heat absorption module close to the smoking machine, and the temperature measuring heads are all arranged at the axial center of the tubular body; S3, connecting the smoking machine to the other end opening of the tubular body; S4, turning on the temperature recorder connected to the capillary thermocouple; S5, turning on the smoking machine to smoke the cigarette; S6, the temperature recorder synchronously records the temperature of the capillary thermocouple; S7, calculating the heat capacity of the cigarette smoke according to the temperature measured by the capillary thermocouple, the heat capacity of the cigarette smoke is calculated by the formula: C = k × (T-T0) / (T1-T2); Where k is the heat capacity coefficient of the heat absorption module, T0 is the temperature of the heat absorption module before the flue gas passes through. T is the temperature of the heat absorption module after the flue gas. T1 is the flue gas temperature before passing through the heat absorption module. T2 is the temperature of the flue gas after passing through the heat absorption module; The heat absorption module is a disc made of metal with good thermal conductivity, and the entire disc has a porous structure, so that heat can be exchanged quickly between the flue gas and the heat absorption module.
2. The method for measuring the heat capacity of flue gas according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the filter tip is tightly connected to an opening at one end of the tubular body via a sealing ring.
3. The method for measuring the heat capacity of flue gas according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, there are at least three capillary thermocouples, which are used to measure the temperature of the flue gas before passing through the heat absorption module, the temperature of the flue gas after passing through the heat absorption module, and the temperature of the module respectively.
4. The method for measuring the heat capacity of flue gas according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, one end opening of the tubular body is connected to a smoking machine through a hose for smoking cigarettes.
5. The method for measuring the heat capacity of flue gas according to claim 4, characterized in that: The periphery of the heat absorption module is in close contact with the inner wall of the tubular body, ensuring that all smoke passes through the porous structure of the disc during inhalation.
6. The method for measuring the heat capacity of flue gas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tubular main structure is made of low heat transfer material.
7. The method for measuring the heat capacity of flue gas according to claim 6, characterized in that: The thermal conductivity of the low heat transfer material is lower than 0.2w / m·k, and the use temperature is between room temperature and 100°C.
8. The method for measuring the heat capacity of flue gas according to claim 7, characterized in that: The low heat transfer material is selected from one or more of the following materials, or a mixture thereof: Foam plastics, polymer resins, glass.
9. The method for measuring the heat capacity of flue gas according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that: The heat absorption module is made of metal.
10. The method for measuring the heat capacity of flue gas according to claim 9, characterized in that: The metal is copper.