A method for separation and enrichment of uranium-beryllium ore

Abstract

The present invention relates to a uranium-beryllium ore dressing, separation and enrichment method, and belongs to the field of ore dressing technology. The uranium-beryllium ore dressing, separation and enrichment method provided by the present invention comprises the following steps: grinding the uranium-beryllium ore for the first time to obtain +0.1mm-0.3mm particle size ore; grinding the +0.1mm-0.3mm particle size ore for the second time to obtain grinding powder; slurrying the grinding powder, flotation of the obtained pulp to obtain roughing beryllium concentrate and roughing tailings; scavenging the roughing tailings to obtain uranium-containing tailings; beneficiating the roughing beryllium concentrate to obtain beryllium concentrate. The present invention can separate fluorite and hydroxysilicon beryllium, avoid excessive fluorine content in beryllium concentrate, and achieve efficient separation of uranium and beryllium.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of ore dressing, and in particular relates to a method for separating and enriching uranium-beryllium ore. Background Art

[0002] Uranium resources generally have the characteristics of complex composition, low grade of valuable metals, and great difficulty in beneficiation and smelting, making them difficult to be effectively utilized.

[0003] Beryllium is the lightest alkaline earth metal element with strong polarity and easy to form strong chemical bonds. Beryllium is increasingly valued as an emerging material. It is an indispensable and valuable material in atomic energy, rockets, missiles, aviation, aerospace and metallurgical industries. There are more than 40 kinds of beryllium-containing minerals in nature, mainly beryl [Be3Al2(SiO3)6], beryllium silicate (Be2SiO4), beryllium silicate (Be4Si2O9H2), chrysoberyl (BeAl2O4) and heliotropes [(Be,Mn,Fe)Si2O 12 S], etc. At present, the minerals with economic value are mainly beryl, berylite, berylite and chrysoberyl. Since the 20th century, the beryllium industry has gradually developed, and the raw materials for beryllium smelting have always come from beryl concentrate.

[0004] The research on beneficiation of Baiyanghe beryllium ore focused on the separation of beryllium minerals, and there are no related beneficiation reports on the comprehensive recovery of uranium and beryllium.

[0005] The literature and patents related to hydroxysilicon berylliumite mainly include: Discussion on the influence of pre-mixing of collector on the flotation of hydroxysilicon berylliumite (Zheng Yuanze, World Nonferrous Metals, 2021.5), the influence of pre-mixing of collector on the flotation of a certain hydroxysilicon berylliumite in Xinjiang (Geng Zhiqiang, Mineral Protection and Utilization, 2019.4), the application research of alkaline adjuster in the flotation of a certain hydroxysilicon berylliumite (Geng Zhiqiang, Nonferrous Metal Engineering, 2018.6), the experimental research on the beneficiation of a certain hydroxysilicon berylliumite ore (Zhao Xiaoyi, Modern Mining, 2015.10), the experimental research on the flotation enrichment of beryllium-containing minerals in a certain hydroxysilicon berylliumite ore (Geng Zhiqiang, Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, 2018.8) , Experimental study on flotation of hydroxysilicate berylliumite in Yangzhuang, Xinjiang (Zheng Yuanze, Xinjiang Nonferrous Metals, 2012.1), a method for extracting beryllium concentrate from uranium leaching tailings containing hydroxysilicate berylliumite (ZL2012105245006), a flotation collector for hydroxysilicate beryllium ore and its application (ZL2009103116475), the main problems in the previous research are: first, only relevant flotation research was carried out on hydroxysilicate berylliumite, without considering the uranium ore dressing and recovery; second, a certain amount of fluorite is associated with the ore. Due to its good floatability, fluorite enters the beryllium concentrate during the flotation process, resulting in excessive fluorine content in the beryllium concentrate. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for beneficiation, separation and enrichment of uranium-beryllium ore, which can separate fluorite and hydroxysilicate beryllite, avoid excessive fluorine content in beryllium concentrate, and achieve efficient separation of uranium and beryllium.

[0007] In order to achieve the purpose of the above invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] The present invention provides a method for beneficiation, separation and enrichment of uranium-beryllium ore, comprising the following steps:

[0009] The uranium-beryllium ore is ground for the first time to obtain ore with a particle size of +0.1mm to -0.3mm;

[0010] Grinding the +0.1mm to -0.3mm particle size ore for a second time to obtain grinding powder;

[0011] The ground powder is slurried, and the obtained slurry is floated to obtain roughing beryllium concentrate and roughing tailings;

[0012] The rougher tailings are scavenged to obtain uranium-containing tailings;

[0013] The roughing beryllium concentrate is beneficiated to obtain beryllium concentrate.

[0014] Preferably, the ore powder with a particle size less than 0.058 mm accounts for 60-90wt% of the ground ore powder.

[0015] Preferably, the ground powder is slurried to a mass fraction of ore in the slurry of 10-45%; and the slurry adjuster used in the slurry adjustment process is sodium hydroxide.

[0016] Preferably, the flotation inhibitor is fulvic acid and ether acid; and the flotation collector is cyclohexane acid.

[0017] Preferably, the scavenging collector is cyclohexane acid.

[0018] Preferably, the selected inhibitors are fulvic acids and ether acids.

[0019] Preferably, the first grinding also obtains -0.1 mm particle size ore, and after the first grinding, the process further comprises: slurrying the -0.1 mm particle size ore, roughing the obtained -0.1 mm particle size ore slurry to obtain roughing fluorite concentrate; and concentrating the roughing fluorite concentrate to obtain fluorite concentrate.

[0020] Preferably, the mass fraction of ore in the -0.1 mm particle size ore slurry is 15-40%.

[0021] Preferably, the inhibitor for roughing is ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and sodium fluorosilicate; and the collector for roughing is oleic acid.

[0022] Preferably, the first grinding comprises: crushing the uranium-beryllium ore, grinding the crushed ore to obtain -0.3 mm ore; sieving the -0.3 mm ore to obtain +0.1 mm to -0.3 mm ore and -0.1 mm ore.

[0023] The invention provides a uranium-beryllium ore dressing, separation and enrichment method, comprising the following steps: subjecting the uranium-beryllium ore to a first grinding to obtain ore with a particle size of +0.1 mm to -0.3 mm; subjecting the ore with a particle size of +0.1 mm to -0.3 mm to a second grinding to obtain grinding powder; subjecting the grinding powder to slurry adjustment, subjecting the obtained slurry to flotation to obtain roughing beryllium concentrate and roughing tailings; subjecting the roughing tailings to scavenging to obtain uranium-containing tailings; and subjecting the roughing beryllium concentrate to beneficiation to obtain beryllium concentrate. In the present invention, since the Mohs hardness of hydroxysilicon berylliumite in the uranium beryllium ore is 6-7, and the Mohs hardness of fluorite is 4, the grindability of fluorite is good and it is preferentially dissociated in grinding, so fluorite is mainly distributed in -0.1mm particle size ore, and hydroxysilicon berylliumite is mainly distributed in +0.1mm particle size ore. According to the difference in grindability of the minerals, the present invention separates fluorite and hydroxysilicon berylliumite to prevent fluorite from entering the beryllium concentrate. The present invention effectively suppresses the dissolution of uranium in the flotation slurry during the flotation process, obtains high-quality beryllium concentrate, reduces the fluorine content in the beryllium concentrate, and realizes the separation of uranium and beryllium at the same time. The beryllium concentrate and the uranium-containing tailings can be subsequently extracted by different leaching processes to extract beryllium and uranium respectively.

[0024] It can be seen from the results of the embodiment that the beryllium oxide grade in the beryllium concentrate is 8.57%, the recovery rate is 80.92%, the uranium grade in the beryllium concentrate is only 0.03%; the uranium grade in the uranium-containing tailings is 0.24%, the recovery rate is 98.81%, and the efficient separation of uranium and beryllium is achieved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 The present invention provides a flow chart of the uranium-beryllium ore dressing, separation and enrichment method. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The present invention provides a method for beneficiation, separation and enrichment of uranium-beryllium ore, comprising the following steps:

[0027] The uranium-beryllium ore is ground for the first time to obtain ore with a particle size of +0.1mm to -0.3mm;

[0028] Grinding the +0.1mm to -0.3mm particle size ore for a second time to obtain grinding powder;

[0029] The ground powder is slurried, and the obtained slurry is floated to obtain roughing beryllium concentrate and roughing tailings;

[0030] The rougher tailings are scavenged to obtain uranium-containing tailings;

[0031] The roughing beryllium concentrate is beneficiated to obtain beryllium concentrate.

[0032] In the present invention, taking "+0.1mm to -0.3mm particle size ore" as an example, "+" in the particle size represents "≥" and "-" represents "<".

[0033] The present invention performs a first grinding on the uranium-beryllium ore to obtain an ore with a particle size of +0.1mm to -0.3mm. The present invention removes fluorite through the first grinding process to reduce the fluorine content in the beryllium concentrate. In the present invention, the uranium-beryllium ore is preferably the Baiyanghe uranium-beryllium ore in Xinjiang. In the present invention, the main gangue minerals of the uranium-beryllium ore are quartz, albite, potassium feldspar, illite, chlorite and fluorite; the fluorite content of the uranium-beryllium ore is preferably 0.5-5%, the beryllium grade is preferably 0.03-0.45%; and the uranium grade is preferably 0.05-0.35%.

[0034] In the present invention, the first grinding preferably includes: crushing the uranium-beryllium ore, grinding the obtained crushed ore to obtain -0.3mm particle size ore; sieving the -0.3mm particle size ore to obtain +0.1mm to -0.3mm particle size ore and -0.1mm particle size ore. In the present invention, the particle size of the crushed ore is preferably less than 10mm, more preferably less than 5mm. In the present invention, the Mohs hardness of hydroxysilicate beryllium in the uranium-beryllium ore is 6 to 7, and the Mohs hardness of fluorite is 4. Fluorite has good grindability and preferentially dissociates in grinding. Therefore, fluorite is mainly distributed in -0.1mm particle size ore, and hydroxysilicate beryllium is mainly distributed in +0.1mm particle size ore.

[0035] In the present invention, the first grinding preferably also obtains -0.1 mm particle size ore, and after the first grinding, preferably further comprises: slurrying the -0.1 mm particle size ore, roughing the obtained -0.1 mm particle size ore slurry to obtain roughing fluorite concentrate; and concentrating the roughing fluorite concentrate to obtain fluorite concentrate.

[0036] The present invention preferably slurries the -0.1 mm ore, and roughs the obtained -0.1 mm ore slurry to obtain roughed fluorite concentrate. In the present invention, the mass fraction of ore in the -0.1 mm ore slurry is preferably 15-40%, more preferably 25-30%.

[0037] In the present invention, the roughing preferably comprises: mixing -0.1 mm particle size ore slurry and an inhibitor, mixing the obtained mixed system and a collector, and aerating for roughing. In the present invention, the mixing of the -0.1 mm particle size ore slurry and the inhibitor is preferably carried out under stirring conditions; the stirring rate is preferably 1000-2500 r / min, more preferably 1500-2000 r / min; the stirring time is preferably 3-15 min, more preferably 5-10 min. In the present invention, the mixing of the mixed system and the collector is preferably carried out under stirring conditions; the stirring rate is preferably 1000-2500 r / min, more preferably 1500-2000 r / min; the stirring time is preferably 3-15 min, more preferably 5-10 min. In the present invention, the inhibitor for roughing is preferably ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and sodium fluorosilicate; the amount of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate relative to -0.1mm particle size ore pulp is preferably 50-500g / t, more preferably 200-300g / t; the amount of sodium fluorosilicate relative to -0.1mm particle size ore pulp is preferably 100-1000g / t, more preferably 400-600g / t. The present invention uses ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and sodium fluorosilicate to inhibit hydroxysilicate and silicate, which is beneficial to the separation of fluorite. In the present invention, the collector for roughing is preferably oleic acid; the amount of oleic acid relative to -0.1mm particle size ore pulp is preferably 50-300g / t, more preferably 100-120g / t. The present invention can separate 96.39% of fluorite by adding ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and sodium fluorosilicate, which are inhibitors of hydroxysilicate and silicate, and using oleic acid as a fluorite collector.

[0038] After obtaining the roughing fluorite concentrate, the present invention preferably performs concentrating on the roughing fluorite concentrate to obtain the fluorite concentrate. In the present invention, the number of concentrating is preferably multiple times, and the concentrating tailings are sequentially returned to the previous level of concentrating until the ideal flotation index is reached to obtain the fluorite concentrate.

[0039] In the present invention, the roughing process preferably also produces fluorite tailings.

[0040] After obtaining the +0.1mm to -0.3mm particle size ore, the present invention performs a second grinding on the +0.1mm to -0.3mm particle size ore to obtain a grinding powder. In the present invention, the proportion of the ore powder with a particle size of less than 0.058mm in the grinding powder is preferably 60 to 90wt%, more preferably 80 to 85wt%. The present invention preferably combines the fluorite tailings obtained by the roughing and the +0.1mm to -0.3mm particle size ore for a second grinding. The present invention fully dissociates the hydroxysilicon beryllium stone through the second grinding.

[0041] After obtaining the grinding powder, the present invention performs slurrying on the grinding powder, and performs flotation on the obtained slurry to obtain rough beryllium concentrate and rough tailings. In the present invention, the grinding powder is slurried to a mass fraction of ore in the slurry of preferably 10-45%, more preferably 25-30%. In the present invention, the slurry conditioner used in the slurrying process is preferably sodium hydroxide; the amount of sodium hydroxide relative to the slurry is preferably 200-2000g / t, more preferably 500-1000g / t. The present invention uses sodium hydroxide as a slurry conditioner to effectively inhibit the dissolution of uranium in the slurry. In the present invention, the slurrying is preferably carried out under stirring conditions; the stirring rate is preferably 1000-2500r / min, more preferably 1500-2000r / min; the stirring time is preferably 3-15min, more preferably 5-10min.

[0042] In the present invention, the flotation preferably includes: mixing the ore pulp and the depressant, mixing the obtained mixed system and the collector, and aerating for flotation. In the present invention, the mixing of the ore pulp and the depressant is preferably carried out under stirring conditions; the stirring rate is preferably 1000-2500r / min, more preferably 1500-2000r / min; the stirring time is preferably 3-15min, more preferably 5-10min. In the present invention, the mixing of the mixed system and the collector is preferably carried out under stirring conditions; the stirring rate is preferably 1000-2500r / min, more preferably 1500-2000r / min; the stirring time is preferably 3-15min, more preferably 5-10min. In the present invention, the depressant for flotation is preferably fulvic acid and ether acid; the amount of fulvic acid relative to the pulp is preferably 20-200 g / t, more preferably 80-120 g / t; the amount of ether acid relative to the pulp is preferably 30-300 g / t, more preferably 80-100 g / t. The present invention utilizes the above-mentioned depressants to inhibit silico-calcium uraninite and silico-lead uraninite. In the present invention, the collector for flotation is preferably cyclohexane acid; the amount of cyclohexane acid relative to the pulp is preferably 50-500 g / t, more preferably 180-220 g / t. The present invention utilizes collectors to separate hydroxysilico-beryllite.

[0043] After obtaining the rougher tailings, the present invention scavenges the rougher tailings to obtain uranium-containing tailings. In the present invention, the scavenging preferably includes: mixing the rougher tailings and a collector, and aerating for scavenging. In the present invention, the mixing of the rougher tailings and the collector is preferably carried out under stirring; the stirring rate is preferably 1000-2500r / min, more preferably 1500-2000r / min; the stirring time is preferably 3-15min, more preferably 5-10min. In the present invention, the scavenging collector is preferably cyclohexane acid; the amount of cyclohexane acid relative to the rougher tailings is preferably 10-100g / t, more preferably 30-50g / t.

[0044] In the present invention, the scavenging process preferably also produces scavenged beryllium concentrate. In the present invention, the scavenged beryllium concentrate is preferably returned to the roughing process.

[0045] After obtaining the uranium-containing tailings, the present invention preferably performs stirring leaching on the uranium-containing tailings to recover uranium. The present invention has no special requirements for the specific process of stirring leaching, and the stirring leaching process well known to those skilled in the art can be used.

[0046] After obtaining the rough beryllium concentrate, the present invention performs beneficiation on the rough beryllium concentrate to obtain the beryllium concentrate. In the present invention, the number of times of beneficiation is preferably multiple, and the beneficiated tailings are sequentially returned to the previous level of beneficiation until the ideal flotation index is reached to obtain the beryllium concentrate. In the present invention, it is preferred to add an inhibitor during the first beneficiation, and no agent is added during other beneficiations. In the present invention, the inhibitors for the beneficiation are preferably fulvic acid and ether acid; the amount of fulvic acid relative to the rough beryllium concentrate is preferably 10 to 50 g / t, more preferably 20 to 30 g / t; the amount of ether acid relative to the rough beryllium concentrate is preferably 10 to 50 g / t, more preferably 20 to 30 g / t. In the present invention, the first beneficiation preferably includes: mixing the rough beryllium concentrate and the inhibitor for flotation. In the present invention, the mixing is preferably carried out under stirring conditions; the stirring rate is preferably 1000-2500 r / min, more preferably 1500-2000 r / min; the stirring time is preferably 3-15 min, more preferably 5-10 min. The present invention can obtain a beryllium concentrate with a yield of 5.76% by adding fulvic acid and ether acid as uranium mineral inhibitors and naphthenic acid as a beryllium hydroxysilicon collector.

[0047] After obtaining the beryllium concentrate, the present invention preferably performs enhanced leaching on the beryllium concentrate to recover beryllium. The present invention has no special requirements on the specific process of the enhanced leaching, and the stirring leaching process well known to those skilled in the art can be used.

[0048] The beryllium grade in the Baiyanghe uranium-beryllium ore in Xinjiang is low and the structure of hydroxysilicate beryllite is stable, so it needs to be leached by enhanced leaching. The uranium minerals in the ore are easy to leach, and conventional stirring leaching can be used. The fluorite in the ore has good floatability and can easily enter the beryllium concentrate during the flotation of beryllium, resulting in excessive fluorine in the beryllium concentrate, affecting the subsequent extraction of beryllium. Uranium and beryllium coexist in the ore, and both uranium and beryllium have recovery value. The separation and recovery of uranium and beryllium must be taken into account in the mineral processing. The invention provides a uranium-beryllium ore dressing, separation and enrichment method according to the mineral characteristics in the Baiyanghe uranium-beryllium ore, the leaching characteristics and flotation characteristics of the uranium-beryllium ore, separates fluorite and hydroxysilicate beryllite according to the difference in grindability of the minerals, and achieves efficient separation of uranium and beryllium through flotation to obtain beryllium concentrate with low uranium and fluorine content and uranium-containing tailings. Subsequently, different leaching methods are respectively adopted to extract beryllium and uranium from the beryllium concentrate and the uranium-containing tailings.

[0049] In order to further illustrate the present invention, the technical scheme of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments, but they should not be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0050] Example 1

[0051] The main gangue minerals in Xinjiang Baiyanghe uranium-beryllium mine are quartz, albite, potassium feldspar, illite, chlorite and fluorite; the beryllium-containing minerals are mainly hydroxysilicate beryllite, and the uranium minerals are mainly siliceous calcium uraninite, followed by siliceous lead uraninite. Hydroxysilicate beryllite (Be4(Si2O7)(OH)2) is mostly distributed in the form of small plates, columns and short columnar aggregates; the particle size of siliceous calcium uraninite is 10-200μm, and its dissociation degree is poor, reaching monomer dissociation at 1%, and it is mostly in the form of impregnation or fine veins embedded in gangue minerals (such as albite, illite, potassium feldspar). The fluorite content in the uranium-beryllium ore is 2.3wt%, the beryllium oxide grade is 0.61%, and the uranium grade is 0.22%.

[0052] The original ore was crushed to -7mm and two ore samples A and B of equal weight were taken.

[0053] The ore sample A (as a control example) was ground to a fineness of -0.058 mm, the ore powder accounted for 80wt%, the ore pulp concentration was adjusted to 25% of the ore mass fraction, 200g / t of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate inhibitor and 400g / t of sodium fluorosilicate were added, the flotation machine was stirred at 1500r / min for 10min, 100g / t of oleic acid collector was added, the flotation machine was stirred at 1500r / min for 10min, and aeration flotation was performed to obtain roughing fluorite concentrate and fluorite tailings. The roughing fluorite concentrate was refined once to obtain fluorite concentrate and Fluorite middlings: 500 g / t of sodium hydroxide was added to the fluorite tailings, and the flotation machine was stirred at 1500 r / min for 10 min. 80 g / t of fulvic acid and 100 g / t of ether acid as inhibitors were added, and the flotation machine was stirred at 1500 r / min for 10 min. 180 g / t of hydroxysilicate beryllium collector cyclohexane acid was added, and the flotation machine was stirred at 1500 r / min for 10 min. Aeration flotation was performed to obtain a rough beryllium concentrate, and the rough beryllium concentrate was refined twice to obtain a beryllium concentrate, beryllium middlings 1 and beryllium middlings 2.

[0054] The ore sample B was ground to a fineness of -0.3 mm, and the ore was divided into +0.1 mm particle size ore and -0.1 mm particle size ore with a 0.1 mm sieve, the pulp concentration of the -0.1 mm particle size ore was adjusted to 25% by mass fraction of the ore, 200 g / t of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate inhibitor and 400 g / t of sodium fluorosilicate were added, the flotation machine was stirred at 1500 r / min for 10 min, 100 g / t of oleic acid collector was added, the flotation machine was stirred at 1500 r / min for 10 min, and aeration flotation was performed to obtain roughing fluorite concentrate and fluorite tailings, the roughing fluorite concentrate was refined once to obtain fluorite concentrate and fluorite middlings; the fluorite tailings and The ores with a particle size of +0.1 mm are combined and ground to a fineness of -0.058 mm, and the mineral powder accounts for 80 wt %. The pulp concentration is adjusted to 25% of the ore mass fraction, 500 g / t of sodium hydroxide is added, and the flotation machine is stirred at 1500 r / min for 10 min. 80 g / t of fulvic acid, an inhibitor, and 100 g / t of ether acid are added, and the flotation machine is stirred at 1500 r / min for 10 min. 180 g / t of hydroxysilicon beryllium collector cyclohexane acid is added, and the flotation machine is stirred at 1500 r / min for 10 min. Aeration flotation is performed to obtain a roughing beryllium concentrate, and the roughing beryllium concentrate is refined twice to obtain a beryllium concentrate, beryllium middling ore 1 and beryllium middling ore 2.

[0055] The test results of Example 1 are shown in Table 1.

[0056] Table 1 Experimental results of Example 1

[0057]

[0058]

[0059] As can be seen from Table 1, sample A adopts the method of flotation of fluorite and then flotation of beryllium by one-time grinding. The CaF grade in the fluorite concentrate is 5.5% lower than that in the fluorite concentrate of test B, and the recovery rate is 3.35% lower; while the CaF grade in the beryllium concentrate is as high as 5.42%, which is 4% higher than that in the beryllium concentrate in sample B, and the recovery rate is 13.71%, which is 10.19% higher than that in the beryllium concentrate in sample B. This shows that the method of staged grinding can better achieve the purpose of removing beryllium and effectively reduce the CaF content in the beryllium concentrate.

[0060] Example 2

[0061] The fluorite content in the original uranium-beryllium ore of Xinjiang Baiyanghe is 2.3wt%, the beryllium oxide grade is 0.61%, and the uranium grade is 0.22%.

[0062] The original ore was crushed to -6mm and four ore samples of equal weight were taken, namely A, B, C and D.

[0063] The three samples of ore A, B and C were ground to -0.3mm respectively, and the ore sample D (as a control example) was finely ground to -0.2mm. The ore fineness of the four samples of ore A, B, C and D was separated into +0.1mm particle size ore and -0.1mm particle size ore with a 0.1mm sieve. The slurry concentration of the -0.1mm particle size ore of the four samples of ore A, B, C and D was adjusted to an ore mass fraction of 25%. The inhibitor diammonium phosphate 300g / t and sodium fluorosilicate 600g / t were added to A, B, C and D respectively. / t, the flotation machine was stirred at 2000r / min for 3min, 120g / t of collector oleic acid was added to A, B, C, and D respectively, and the flotation machine was stirred at 2000r / min for 3min. Rough fluorite concentrate and fluorite tailings were obtained by aeration flotation. The rough fluorite concentrate was finely selected twice, and the finely selected tailings were returned to the previous process in turn to obtain fluorite concentrate; the fluorite tailings and +0.1mm particle size ore of the four ore samples A, B, C, and D were combined respectively, and then ground to a fineness of -0.058mm mineral powder accounting for 90w t%, the slurry concentrations of A, B, C, and D were all adjusted to 25% by mass fraction of ore, 1000 / t of sodium hydroxide was added to A, C, and D, 1000g / t of sodium carbonate was added to B (as a control example), and the flotation machine was stirred at 2000r / min for 3min, 120g / t of fulvic acid and 80g / t of ether acid were added to A, B, and D, 200g / t of water glass was added to C (as a control example), and the flotation machine was stirred at 2000r / min for 3min, and the slurry concentrations of A, B, C, and D were adjusted to 25% by mass fraction of ore, 1000 / t of sodium hydroxide was added to A, C, and D, and 1000g / t of sodium carbonate was added to B ...g / t of sodium hydroxide was added to A, C, and D, and the slurry concentrations of A, B, C, and D were adjusted to 25% by mass fraction of ore, 1000g / t of sodium hydroxide was added to B, and the slurry concentrations of A, B, C, and D were adjusted to 25% by mass fraction of ore, 1000g / t of sodium hydroxide was added to B, and the 220 g / t of cyclohexane acid, a hydroxysilicon beryllium collector, was added to D, the flotation machine was stirred at 2000 r / min for 5 min, and aeration flotation was performed to obtain roughing beryllium concentrate and roughing tailings. 30 g / t of cyclohexane acid was added to the roughing tailings of A, B, C and D, the flotation machine was stirred at 2000 r / min for 3 min, and aeration flotation was performed to obtain scavenging beryllium concentrate and uranium-containing tailings. The scavenging beryllium concentrate was returned to the beryllium roughing process. The roughing beryllium concentrates of A, B, C and D were respectively cleaned for 3 times, and the cleaned tailings were returned to the previous process to obtain beryllium concentrate.

[0064] The test results of Example 2 are shown in Table 2. The beneficiation water in Table 2 refers to the water obtained by filtering the rough beryllium concentrate obtained by flotation.

[0065] Table 2 Experimental results of Example 2

[0066]

[0067] As can be seen from Table 2, the pulp adjuster of test B is sodium carbonate, and the uranium concentration in the beneficiation water is the highest, which is 0.07 mg / L. Sodium hydroxide is added in the other three groups of tests, and the concentration of beneficiation water is 0.02 mg / L, indicating that the adjustment agent is selected as sodium hydroxide, which can effectively reduce the dissolution of uranium in the beneficiation process. The first grinding particle size of test D is -0.2mm, the CaF grade in the beryllium concentrate is 3.25%, and the recovery rate is 8.35%, which is higher than the other three groups of tests, indicating that the determination of the first grinding fineness is very important. Grinding to -0.2mm leads to low fluorite flotation efficiency and enters the beryllium concentrate. The inhibitors added in the flotation process of beryllium in the three groups of tests A, B, and D are 120g / t of fulvic acid and 80g / t of ether acid. In the C test, 200g / t of water glass is added. It can be seen from the test results that the U grade in the beryllium concentrate of test C is 0.23%, which is much higher than the other three groups. The fulvic acid and ether acid of the invention have a good inhibitory effect on uranium minerals.

[0068] Example 3

[0069] The fluorite content in the original uranium-beryllium ore of Xinjiang Baiyanghe is 2.3wt%, the beryllium oxide grade is 0.61%, and the uranium grade is 0.22%.

[0070] like Figure 1As shown, the raw ore is crushed to -5mm, ground to -0.3mm, and the ore is divided into +0.1mm particle size ore and -0.1mm particle size ore with a 0.1mm sieve, and the pulp concentration of the -0.1mm particle size ore is adjusted to an ore mass fraction of 30%, and an inhibitor of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate 300g / t and sodium fluorosilicate 500g / t are added, and the flotation machine is stirred at 2000r / min for 5min, and a collector oleic acid 100g / t is added, and the flotation machine is stirred at 2000r / min for 5min, and aeration flotation is performed to obtain a roughing fluorite concentrate and a fluorite tailing, and the roughing fluorite concentrate is finely selected twice, and the finely selected tailings are returned to the previous process in sequence to obtain a fluorite concentrate; the fluorite tailings and the +0.1mm particle size ore are combined, and then ground to a fineness of -0.058mm ore powder accounting for 85wt%, and the pulp concentration is adjusted to an ore mass fraction of 30%, 800 / t of sodium hydroxide was added, and the flotation machine was stirred at 2000r / min for 5 minutes. 100g / t of fulvic acid and 100g / t of ether acid were added as inhibitors, and the flotation machine was stirred at 2000r / min for 5 minutes. 200g / t of hydroxysilicon beryllium collector cyclohexane acid was added, and the flotation machine was stirred at 2000r / min for 5 minutes. Rough beryllium concentrate and rough tailings were obtained by aeration flotation. 50 g / t of cyclohexane acid was added to the tailings, and the flotation machine was stirred at 2000 r / min for 5 min. Aeration flotation was performed to obtain scavenged beryllium concentrate and uranium-containing tailings. The scavenged beryllium concentrate was returned to the beryllium roughing process. The roughing beryllium concentrate was refined three times. During the first refinement, 20 g / t of fulvic acid and 20 g / t of ether acid were added, and the flotation machine was stirred at 2000 r / min for 5 min. No reagents were added in the other two refinements to obtain beryllium concentrate.

[0071] The test results of Example 3 are shown in Table 3.

[0072] Table 3 Experimental results of Example 3

[0073]

[0074] As can be seen from Table 3, after the first grinding to -0.3 mm, the -0.1 mm particle size ore is separated and treated to flotate fluorite, and 94.29% of fluorite can be separated. After the +0.1 mm particle size ore is re-grinded, the floating hydroxysilicon berylliumite suppresses the uranium-containing minerals. The CaF grade in the beryllium concentrate is only 0.96%, the uranium grade is only 0.03%, the beryllium oxide grade is 8.57%, and the recovery rate is 80.92%. The uranium grade in the uranium-containing tailings is 0.24%, and the recovery rate is 98.81%. The present invention achieves the purpose of removing fluorite, enriching hydroxysilicon beryllium and separating uranium beryllium.

[0075] The results of the embodiments and the control examples show that the present invention provides a uranium beryllium ore dressing, separation and enrichment method according to the mineral characteristics of the Xinjiang Baiyanghe uranium beryllium ore, the leaching characteristics of the uranium beryllium ore and the differences in the flotation characteristics. According to the differences in the grindability of the minerals, the ore is firstly coarsely ground to -0.3 mm, the fluorite has good grindability, and most of it has been dissociated and distributed in the fine-grained ore, the -0.1 mm particle size ore is screened out, and by adding hydroxysilicon beryllium and silicate inhibitors such as ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and sodium fluorosilicate, Oleic acid is used as a fluorite collector to separate 96.39% of fluorite. After the remaining ore is further finely ground, the hydroxysiliconite is fully dissociated. By adding fulvic acid and ether acid as uranium mineral inhibitors and cyclopentane acid as a hydroxysiliconite collector, a beryllium concentrate with a yield of 5.76% can be obtained, the beryllium oxide grade in the beryllium concentrate is 8.57%, the recovery rate is 80.92%, and the uranium grade in the beryllium concentrate is only 0.03%; the uranium grade in the uranium-containing tailings is 0.24%, and the recovery rate is 98.81%. The present invention effectively inhibits the dissolution of uranium in the flotation pulp during the flotation process, obtains high-quality beryllium concentrate, reduces the fluorine content in the beryllium concentrate, and realizes the separation of uranium and beryllium. The flotation process system adopted by the present invention is simple, the types of reagents are few, the cost is low, and it is suitable for industrial promotion and application.

[0076] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for separation and enrichment of uranium-beryllium ore, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The uranium-beryllium ore is ground for the first time to obtain ore with a particle size of +0.1mm to -0.3mm; Grinding the +0.1mm to -0.3mm particle size ore for a second time to obtain grinding powder; The ground powder is slurried, and the obtained slurry is floated to obtain roughing beryllium concentrate and roughing tailings; The rougher tailings are scavenged to obtain uranium-containing tailings; beneficiating the rough beryllium concentrate to obtain a beryllium concentrate; The flotation inhibitor is fulvic acid and ether acid; the flotation collector is cyclohexane acid; The collector used for the sweep is cyclohexane acid; The selected inhibitors are fulvic acid and ether acid; The first grinding also obtains -0.1 mm particle size ore, and after the first grinding, the following steps include: slurrying the -0.1 mm particle size ore, and roughing the obtained -0.1 mm particle size ore slurry to obtain roughed fluorite concentrate; The roughed fluorite concentrate is concentrated to obtain fluorite concentrate.

2. The uranium-beryllium ore dressing, separation and enrichment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ore powder with a particle size less than 0.058 mm accounts for 60 to 90 wt % of the ground ore powder.

3. The uranium-beryllium ore dressing, separation and enrichment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grinding powder is slurried to a mass fraction of ore in the slurry of 10-45%; the slurry regulator used in the slurry adjustment process is sodium hydroxide.

4. The uranium-beryllium ore dressing, separation and enrichment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass fraction of ore in the -0.1 mm particle size ore slurry is 15-40%.

5. The uranium-beryllium ore dressing, separation and enrichment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inhibitor for rough selection is ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and sodium fluorosilicate; the collector for rough selection is oleic acid.

6. The uranium-beryllium ore dressing, separation and enrichment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first grinding comprises: crushing the uranium-beryllium ore, grinding the crushed ore to obtain -0.3mm ore; sieving the -0.3mm ore to obtain +0.1mm to -0.3mm ore and -0.1mm ore.

Images