A rotary ultrasonic grinding device and control method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a rotary ultrasonic grinding device and a control method. The rotary ultrasonic grinding device includes an actuator, which is electrically connected to a control mechanism. The actuator includes an adjustment component and a tool component. The adjustment component and the tool component are detachably connected. The tool component is arranged at the bottom of the control mechanism. The adjustment component passes through the control mechanism and extends to the top of the control mechanism. A plurality of laser scanners distributed in a ring array are also arranged between the adjustment component and the tool component. The laser scanner is electrically connected to the control mechanism. The device of the present invention is provided with an actuator, a control mechanism and a laser scanner, which can reduce tool wear, reduce the fracture rate of workpieces, and has high efficiency. A rotary ultrasonic grinding control method is also proposed, which can make full use of historical data to set a preset trajectory and optimize each ultrasonic grinding process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of rotary ultrasonic vibration grinding, in particular to a rotary ultrasonic grinding device and a control method. Background Art

[0002] Hard and brittle materials represented by optical glass, advanced ceramics and their composite materials, hard mold processing and cutting tools are recognized as difficult-to-process materials due to their excellent physical and chemical properties. Using traditional processing methods to process the workpiece is not only inefficient, but also causes severe tool wear and easy breakage of the workpiece. Rotary ultrasonic grinding is a special processing method that specifically studies and solves the problem of hard and brittle material processing. Compared with traditional processing methods, the rotary ultrasonic grinding method can more efficiently and accurately process hard and brittle materials, and effectively reduce cutting force and cutting heat, thereby extending tool life.

[0003] The "ultrasonic grinding equipment" disclosed in the Chinese patent literature, with the publication number CN201604035U, is an ultrasonic grinding equipment. It includes a support frame, a conveying platform installed on the support frame, and an ultrasonic rotating component. The hard and brittle material to be processed is fixed on the conveying platform. The ultrasonic rotating component includes a motor, a rotating ultrasonic spindle, and a grinding tool. The motor is installed on the support frame, the rotating ultrasonic spindle is connected to the output shaft of the motor, and the grinding tool is fixed at the front end of the rotating ultrasonic spindle. However, the Chinese patent with the publication number CN201604035U has a simple structure and is not very practical. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention solves the problem that traditional processing methods are used to process workpieces, which is not only inefficient but also causes severe tool wear and easy breakage and damage of the workpiece. A rotary ultrasonic grinding device is provided with an actuator, a control mechanism and a laser scanner. The device of the present invention can reduce tool wear and reduce the breakage rate of the workpiece with high efficiency. A rotary ultrasonic grinding control method is also provided, which can make full use of historical data to set a preset trajectory and optimize each ultrasonic grinding process.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a rotary ultrasonic grinding processing device, comprising an actuator, the actuator is electrically connected to a control mechanism, the actuator comprises an adjustment component and a tool component, the adjustment component is detachably connected to the tool component, the tool component is arranged at the bottom of the control mechanism, the adjustment component passes through the control mechanism and extends to the top of the control mechanism; a plurality of laser scanners distributed in a ring array are also arranged between the adjustment component and the tool component, and the laser scanner is electrically connected to the control mechanism.

[0006] In the present invention, the actuator is used for the entire execution process of rotary ultrasonic grinding, which includes an adjustment component and a tool component. The adjustment component and the prop component are specifically connected by a snap-on connection. For most of the adjustment components, they are located on the top of the control mechanism; for the laser scanner, the array is arranged in a plurality of grooves arranged below the adjustment component, and is specifically fixed by bolt locking. The laser scanner can detect the basic information and quality information of the workpiece, and send the detected information to the control mechanism; the device of the present invention, while ensuring improved efficiency, is also more intelligent and has a high degree of automation.

[0007] Preferably, the adjustment assembly includes a transducer, one side of the transducer is fixedly connected to a primary amplitude rod, the other side of the primary amplitude rod is fixedly connected to a secondary amplitude rod, the secondary amplitude rod passes through the control mechanism and is connected to the tool assembly; the transducer is also electrically connected to an ultrasonic generator, and the ultrasonic generator is detachably connected to a protective cover.

[0008] In the present invention, a two-stage amplitude transformer is provided, which can effectively improve the output power and amplitude ratio of the transducer; the transducer of the present invention adopts giant magnetostrictive material, which has the advantages of greater energy density, higher conversion efficiency and response speed compared with traditional materials.

[0009] Preferably, the tool assembly includes a tool handle, a tool head is arranged below the tool handle, and the cross-sectional diameter of the tool handle gradually decreases from the side close to the control mechanism until its cross-sectional diameter is adapted to the connection between the tool handle and the tool head.

[0010] In the present invention, the cutter head and the cutter handle are detachable, the cutter head can be flexibly replaced and adjusted, and the setting of the cutter handle with a continuously decreasing cross-section can reduce the resistance during the grinding process.

[0011] Preferably, the control mechanism includes a control circuit, which is electrically connected to a storage unit and a timing unit, respectively. The storage unit is also connected to a signal analysis unit, which is electrically connected to a data sending unit. The signal analysis unit is provided with a plurality of threshold analysis chips and a preset unit, and the threshold analysis chip is used for screening and eliminating ultrasonic grinding historical data.

[0012] In the present invention, the control mechanism is responsible for data transmission, data processing and analysis, and generation of preset trajectories of the device of the present invention. The storage unit in the present invention can store data at various stages; the data sending unit ensures the data connection between the control mechanism and the external client; the multiple threshold analysis chips in the signal analysis unit are mainly used to screen and eliminate various types of historical data. After the screening and elimination are completed, the trajectory is preset for the next step of processing.

[0013] Preferably, the lower side of the transducer is wrapped with a heat sink.

[0014] In the present invention, under ultrasonic frequency, the transducer of giant magnetostrictive material has a serious heating phenomenon, and heat sinks are arranged around it to alleviate the overheating of the transducer to a certain extent.

[0015] Preferably, one side of the protective cover is fixedly connected to the control mechanism, heat dissipation ports are respectively provided on both sides of the protective cover close to the transducer, and the protective cover is connected to a moving device, and the moving device can move along a preset trajectory.

[0016] In the present invention, the purpose of the heat dissipation port is the same as that of the heat sink, and the position is also set close to the transducer, so that part of the generated heat can be discharged through the heat dissipation port; the protective cover can be connected to an external mobile device, and can be automatically moved under the drive of the mobile device to ensure the processing process along a preset trajectory.

[0017] A rotary ultrasonic grinding control method, applicable to the above-mentioned rotary ultrasonic grinding device, comprises the following steps:

[0018] S1, align the tool head with the surface to be processed of the workpiece;

[0019] S2, the ultrasonic wave generated by the ultrasonic generator is transmitted to the tool assembly through the transducer and the horn;

[0020] S3, the tool assembly uses ultrasonic waves to perform ultrasonic grinding on the workpiece at the starting position of the surface to be processed according to a preset trajectory;

[0021] S4, the control mechanism analyzes each ultrasonic grinding machining trajectory and optimizes the historical data.

[0022] In the present invention, the control method for processing mainly involves starting grinding processing from a starting position after setting a preset trajectory. The starting position can specifically be one side of the surface to be processed of the workpiece or the center point of the surface to be processed of the workpiece. This position is determined according to the material conditions of the workpiece and the requirements of grinding. For each ultrasonic grinding process, data screening and analysis are required.

[0023] Preferably, the preset trajectory is obtained by the control mechanism through analysis based on historical data, the historical data includes basic information of the workpiece material surface, surface quality information of the workpiece material, single processing time, maximum tool head depth and the time for the tool head to reach a certain depth, the historical data is stored in the storage unit, and the signal analysis unit can retrieve the historical data for screening and elimination and set the preset trajectory.

[0024] In the present invention, after sequentially passing through the storage unit, the multiple threshold analysis chips in the signal analysis unit and the preset unit, a preset trajectory is finally generated in the preset unit.

[0025] Preferably, step S4 comprises the following steps:

[0026] S41, after completing a single ultrasonic grinding process, inputting data of the single ultrasonic grinding process into a storage unit;

[0027] S42, selecting the closest historical data, wherein the basic information of the workpiece material surface, the surface quality information of the workpiece material, the single processing time, the maximum depth of the tool head and the time when the tool head reaches a certain depth are weighted respectively, and the proximity is calculated by superposition;

[0028] S43, if the proximity is greater than 98%, the single ultrasonic grinding process is preliminarily determined to be normal processing. If the proximity is less than or equal to 98%, it is preliminarily determined to be abnormal processing and the workpiece surface needs to be re-determined. If it is determined to be normal processing, the data of the single ultrasonic grinding process replaces the historical data.

[0029] In the present invention, with respect to proximity, under actual conditions, the weights of the basic information on the workpiece material surface and the workpiece material surface quality information exceed 50%, and the weights of the single processing time, the maximum depth of the tool head and the time it takes for the tool head to reach a certain depth are approximately 40%; for a single ultrasonic grinding process that is initially determined to be abnormal processing, it is necessary to make another judgment, which can be performed by machine or manually, specifically to inspect the surface quality of the workpiece after grinding.

[0030] Preferably, in step S3, the laser scanner is a data input port for ultrasonic grinding processing, and the laser scanner can detect basic surface information and surface quality information of the workpiece material; the single processing time and the time for the tool head to reach a certain depth are obtained by a timing unit in coordination with the tool movement.

[0031] In the present invention, the laser scanner can collect basic information on the surface of the workpiece material and information on the surface quality of the workpiece material, and also serves as a data input port. In addition, multiple laser scanners distributed in a ring array can be rotated and adjusted.

[0032] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: a rotary ultrasonic grinding device of the present invention is provided with an actuator, a control mechanism and a laser scanner, and the device of the present invention can reduce tool wear, reduce the fracture rate of workpieces, and has high efficiency; a rotary ultrasonic grinding control method of the present invention can make full use of historical data to set a preset trajectory, ensure the safety and reliability of the ultrasonic grinding process; optimize each ultrasonic grinding process; at the same time, store and analyze historical data, and have a certain predictive effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 It is a sectional view of the overall structure of a rotary ultrasonic grinding device and a control method of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of removing the protective cover of a rotary ultrasonic grinding processing device and a control method of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a control mechanism of a rotary ultrasonic grinding processing device and a control method of the present invention;

[0036] Among them, 1, transducer 2, heat sink 3, primary amplitude transformer 4, secondary amplitude transformer 5, control mechanism 6, tool handle 7, signal analysis unit 8, protective cover 9, data transmission unit 10, heat dissipation port 11, ultrasonic generator 12, control circuit 13, timing unit 14, laser scanner 15, storage unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] Example:

[0038] This embodiment provides a rotary ultrasonic grinding device, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , including an actuator, the actuator is electrically connected to the control mechanism 5, the actuator includes an adjustment component and a tool component, the adjustment component is detachably connected to the tool component, the tool component is arranged at the bottom of the control mechanism 5, the adjustment component penetrates the control mechanism 5 and extends to the top of the control mechanism 5; a plurality of laser scanners 14 distributed in a ring array are also arranged between the adjustment component and the tool component, and the laser scanner 14 is electrically connected to the control mechanism 5. In this embodiment, four laser scanners 14 are provided, and the four laser scanners 14 are all electrically connected to the control mechanism 5.

[0039] refer to Figure 1 The adjustment assembly includes a transducer 1, a primary horn 3 is fixedly connected to one side of the transducer 1, a secondary horn 4 is fixedly connected to the other side of the primary horn 3, the secondary horn 4 penetrates the control mechanism 5 and is connected to the tool assembly; the transducer 1 is also electrically connected to an ultrasonic generator 11, and the ultrasonic generator 11 is detachably connected to a protective cover 8. In this embodiment, the protective cover 8 protects some parts of the actuator on the one hand, and on the other hand, serves as an intermediate connector and is fixedly connected to the moving device.

[0040] refer to Figure 1 The tool assembly includes a tool handle 6, and a tool head is arranged below the tool handle 6. The cross-sectional diameter of the tool handle 6 gradually decreases from the side close to the control mechanism 5 until its cross-sectional diameter is adapted to the connection between the tool handle 6 and the tool head.

[0041] In this embodiment, the cutter head can be selected according to actual conditions.

[0042] refer to Figure 3 The control mechanism 5 includes a control circuit 12, the control circuit 12 is electrically connected to a storage unit 15 and a timing unit 13, the storage unit 15 is also connected to a signal analysis unit 7, the signal analysis unit 7 is electrically connected to a data sending unit 9, and a plurality of threshold analysis chips and preset units are arranged in the signal analysis unit 7, and the threshold analysis chip is used for screening and eliminating the ultrasonic grinding history data.

[0043] refer to Figure 1 The lower side of the transducer 1 is wrapped with a heat sink 2. In this embodiment, the wrapping arrangement of the heat sink 2 can ensure the heat dissipation of the transducer 1.

[0044] refer to Figure 1 One side of the protective cover 8 is fixedly connected to the control mechanism 5, and heat dissipation ports 10 are respectively arranged on both sides of the protective cover 8 close to the transducer 1. The protective cover 8 is connected to the moving device, and the moving device can move along a preset track. In this embodiment, the setting of the heat dissipation ports 10 can dissipate part of the generated heat to prevent damage to components caused by excessive temperature.

[0045] In this embodiment, the actuator is used for the entire execution process of rotary ultrasonic grinding, which includes an adjustment component and a tool component. The adjustment component and the prop component are specifically connected by a snap-on connection. For most of the adjustment components, they are located on the top of the control mechanism; for the laser scanner, the array is arranged in a plurality of grooves arranged below the adjustment component, and is specifically fixed by bolt locking. The laser scanner can detect the basic information and quality information of the workpiece, and send the detected information to the control mechanism; the device of the present invention, while ensuring improved efficiency, is also more intelligent and has a high degree of automation.

[0046] In this embodiment, a two-stage amplitude transformer is provided, which can effectively improve the output power and amplitude ratio of the transducer; the transducer of the present invention adopts giant magnetostrictive material, which has the advantages of greater energy density, higher conversion efficiency and response speed compared with traditional materials.

[0047] In this embodiment, the cutter head and the cutter handle are detachable, the cutter head can be flexibly replaced and adjusted, and the setting of the cutter handle with a continuously decreasing cross-section can reduce its resistance during the grinding process.

[0048] In this embodiment, the control mechanism is responsible for data transmission, data processing and analysis, and generation of preset trajectories of the device of the present invention. The storage unit in the present invention can store data at various stages; the data sending unit ensures the data connection between the control mechanism and the external client; the multiple threshold analysis chips in the signal analysis unit are mainly used to screen and eliminate various types of historical data. After the screening and elimination are completed, the trajectory is preset for the next step of processing.

[0049] In this embodiment, under ultrasonic frequency, the transducer made of giant magnetostrictive material has a serious heating phenomenon, and heat sinks are arranged around it to alleviate the overheating of the transducer to a certain extent.

[0050] In this embodiment, the purpose of the heat dissipation port is the same as that of the heat sink, and the position is also set close to the transducer, so that part of the generated heat can be discharged through the heat dissipation port; the protective cover can be connected to an external mobile device, and can be automatically moved under the drive of the mobile device to ensure the processing process along the preset trajectory.

[0051] The present invention also provides a rotary ultrasonic grinding control method, which is applicable to the above-mentioned rotary ultrasonic grinding device and includes the following steps.

[0052] Step S1, aligning the tool head with the surface to be processed of the workpiece; before this, the tool head and the tool assembly need to be inspected.

[0053] Step S2, the ultrasonic wave generated by the ultrasonic generator passes through the transducer and the horn, and transmits the ultrasonic wave to the tool assembly.

[0054] Step S3, the tool assembly uses ultrasonic waves to perform ultrasonic grinding on the workpiece at the starting position of the surface to be processed according to the preset trajectory. Specifically, in this process, the preset trajectory is obtained by the control mechanism 5 through analysis based on historical data, and the historical data includes basic information of the workpiece material surface, surface quality information of the workpiece material, single processing time, maximum depth of the tool head and time when the tool head reaches a certain depth. The historical data is stored in the storage unit 15, and the signal analysis unit 7 retrieves the historical data for screening and elimination and sets the preset trajectory.

[0055] In step S3, the laser scanner 14 is the data input port for ultrasonic grinding processing. The laser scanner 14 can detect the basic surface information and surface quality information of the workpiece material; the single processing time and the time for the tool head to reach a certain depth are obtained by the timing unit 13 in coordination with the tool movement.

[0056] In step S4, the control mechanism 5 analyzes each ultrasonic grinding machining trajectory and optimizes the historical data.

[0057] Specifically, in step S4, the following multiple sub-steps are also included:

[0058] Step S41, after completing a single ultrasonic grinding process, the data of the single ultrasonic grinding process is input into the storage unit 15; the next step can be performed only after the data is stored in the storage unit 15.

[0059] Step S42, select the closest historical data, among which the basic information of the workpiece material surface, the surface quality information of the workpiece material, the single processing time, the maximum depth of the tool head and the time for the tool head to reach a certain depth are weighted respectively, and the proximity is calculated by superposition; in this step, the weight assignment is obtained based on multiple experiments, and the final weight assignment unit is accurate to two decimal places.

[0060] Step S43, if the proximity is greater than 98%, the single ultrasonic grinding process is initially determined to be normal processing. If the proximity is less than or equal to 98%, it is initially determined to be abnormal processing, and the workpiece surface needs to be re-determined. If it is determined to be normal processing, the data of the single ultrasonic grinding process replaces the historical data. In this step, the setting value of the proximity is actually 98.00%. Even if there is a one-tenth error, it cannot be directly rounded off.

[0061] In this embodiment, the control method for processing mainly involves starting the grinding process from the starting position after setting a preset trajectory. The starting position can be one side of the workpiece surface to be processed or the center point of the workpiece surface to be processed. This position is determined according to the material conditions of the workpiece and the requirements of grinding. For each ultrasonic grinding process, data screening and analysis are required.

[0062] In this embodiment, after sequentially passing through the storage unit, the multiple threshold analysis chips in the signal analysis unit, and the preset unit, a preset trajectory is finally generated in the preset unit.

[0063] In this embodiment, with respect to proximity, under actual conditions, the weights of the basic information on the workpiece material surface and the workpiece material surface quality information exceed 50%, and the weights of the single processing time, the maximum tool head depth, and the time it takes for the tool head to reach a certain depth are approximately 40%; for a single ultrasonic grinding process that is initially determined to be abnormal processing, it is necessary to make another judgment, which can be performed by machine or manually, specifically to inspect the surface quality of the workpiece after grinding.

[0064] In this embodiment, the laser scanner can collect basic information on the workpiece material surface and workpiece material surface quality information, and also serves as a data input port. In addition, multiple laser scanners distributed in a ring array can be rotated and adjusted.

[0065] The above embodiments are further elaborations and illustrations of the present invention for ease of understanding, and are not limitations of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rotary ultrasonic grinding device, characterized in that: The actuator comprises an actuator electrically connected to a control mechanism, the actuator comprises an adjustment component and a tool component, the adjustment component and the tool component are detachably connected, the tool component is arranged at the bottom of the control mechanism, the adjustment component penetrates the control mechanism and extends to the top of the control mechanism; a plurality of laser scanners distributed in a ring array are also arranged between the adjustment component and the tool component, and the laser scanner is electrically connected to the control mechanism; The regulating component includes a transducer, and two sides of the transducer are respectively connected to two-stage amplitude rods and an ultrasonic generator; The control mechanism includes a control circuit, which is electrically connected to a storage unit and a timing unit respectively. The storage unit is also connected to a signal analysis unit, which is electrically connected to a data sending unit. The signal analysis unit is provided with a plurality of threshold analysis chips and a preset unit. The threshold analysis chip is used for screening and eliminating ultrasonic grinding historical data.

2. A rotary ultrasonic grinding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment component includes a transducer, one side of the transducer is fixedly connected to a primary amplitude rod, the other side of the primary amplitude rod is fixedly connected to a secondary amplitude rod, the secondary amplitude rod passes through the control mechanism and is connected to the tool assembly; the transducer is also electrically connected to an ultrasonic generator, and the ultrasonic generator is detachably connected to a protective cover.

3. A rotary ultrasonic grinding device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The tool assembly comprises a tool handle, a tool head is arranged below the tool handle, and the cross-sectional diameter of the tool handle gradually decreases from the side close to the control mechanism until the cross-sectional diameter is adapted to the connection between the tool handle and the tool head.

4. A rotary ultrasonic grinding device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lower side of the transducer (1) is wrapped with a heat sink.

5. The rotary ultrasonic grinding device according to claim 2, characterized in that: One side of the protective cover is fixedly connected to the control mechanism, and heat dissipation ports are respectively arranged on both sides of the protective cover close to the transducer. The protective cover is connected to a moving device, and the moving device can move along a preset track.

6. A rotary ultrasonic grinding control method, applicable to a rotary ultrasonic grinding device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, align the tool head with the surface to be processed of the workpiece; S2, the ultrasonic wave generated by the ultrasonic generator is transmitted to the tool assembly through the transducer and the horn; S3, the tool assembly uses ultrasonic waves to perform ultrasonic grinding on the workpiece at the starting position of the surface to be processed according to a preset trajectory; S4, the control mechanism analyzes each ultrasonic grinding machining trajectory and optimizes the historical data.

7. A rotary ultrasonic grinding control method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The preset trajectory is obtained by the control mechanism through analysis based on historical data, the historical data includes basic information of the workpiece material surface, surface quality information of the workpiece material, single processing time, maximum tool head depth and the time when the tool head reaches a certain depth. The historical data is stored in the storage unit, and the signal analysis unit can retrieve the historical data for screening and elimination and set the preset trajectory.

8. A rotary ultrasonic grinding control method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The step S4 comprises the following steps: S41, after completing a single ultrasonic grinding process, inputting data of the single ultrasonic grinding process into a storage unit; S42, selecting the closest historical data, wherein the basic information of the workpiece material surface, the surface quality information of the workpiece material, the single processing time, the maximum depth of the tool head and the time when the tool head reaches a certain depth are weighted respectively, and the proximity is calculated by superposition; S43, if the proximity is greater than 98%, the single ultrasonic grinding process is preliminarily determined to be normal processing. If the proximity is less than or equal to 98%, it is preliminarily determined to be abnormal processing and the workpiece surface needs to be re-determined. If it is determined to be normal processing, the data of the single ultrasonic grinding process replaces the historical data.

9. A rotary ultrasonic grinding control method according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S3, the laser scanner is a data input port for ultrasonic grinding processing, and the laser scanner can detect basic information of the workpiece material surface and surface quality information of the workpiece material; the single processing time and the time for the tool head to reach a certain depth are obtained by the timing unit in coordination with the tool movement.

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