An anti-wear trimethylolpropane oleate base oil

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of lubricating oils, and in particular, relates to an anti-wear trimethylolpropane oleate base oil, including a compound of a trimethylolpropane oleate base oil molecule containing an active P element, which has a structure of formula (I). In the process of synthesizing the trimethylolpropane oleate base oil, the present invention introduces an active P element with anti-wear performance through an in-situ reaction, so that the prepared mixture of the trimethylolpropane oleate base oil does not need to add an anti-wear agent during subsequent use, and the anti-wear and friction reduction performance are greatly improved, and the use functionality is strong. Under the premise of having the same P element content, the trimethylolpropane oleate base oil containing the active P element has better anti-wear performance and friction reduction performance than the base oil with an external anti-wear agent containing the P element, the preparation process is simple, easy to operate, and the use functionality is strong, and it is suitable for large-scale promotion and use. #imgabs0#

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of lubricating oils, and in particular relates to an anti-wear type trimethylolpropane oleate base oil. Background Art

[0002] Synthetic ester base oil is obtained by esterification and dehydration of alcohol and acid under the action of catalyst. The alcohol is usually fatty alcohol, neopentyl polyol, etc., and the acid is usually fatty acid, dibasic acid, aromatic acid, etc. The characteristics of synthetic ester base oil are good low-temperature fluidity, excellent viscosity-temperature performance, excellent lubrication performance and good biodegradability. At present, one of the synthetic esters with the largest amount in the industrial field is trimethylolpropane oleate. The oleic acid in its raw material is a renewable resource. Therefore, trimethylolpropane oleate is a green and environmentally friendly lubricant base oil that complies with sustainable development. Trimethylolpropane oleate has a high viscosity index, good flame retardancy, and a biodegradation rate of more than 90%. It is used in many industrial fields as flame-resistant hydraulic oil, biodegradable hydraulic oil, metal processing oil, etc.

[0003] Although synthetic esters have better lubrication properties than ordinary mineral oils, in actual use, especially for more demanding application conditions, extremely high anti-wear properties of lubricating oils are required. It is usually necessary to add some P-containing anti-wear agents (such as ammonium phosphate salts, etc.) to increase the lubrication properties of synthetic ester base oils. However, such additives have a high cost due to the complex preparation process. Although they can improve the anti-wear and friction-reducing properties of synthetic esters, they increase the overall cost of subsequent finished oil preparation. To this end, we provide a method for the problem of insufficient lubrication performance of synthetic ester base oils used in harsh working conditions, by introducing active P elements in the molecular structure of synthetic ester base oils through in-situ reaction, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the anti-wear and friction-reducing properties of the base oils. In the subsequent use of the base oils, there is no need to add anti-wear agents, thereby saving production costs, ensuring the functionality of the lubricating oils, and meeting usage requirements. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims at the technical problem that the lubricating performance of the synthetic ester base oil is insufficient when used under harsh working conditions, and proposes a wear-resistant trimethylolpropane oleate base oil which has a reasonable design, a simple preparation process, and convenient processing, and can introduce an active P element with anti-wear performance into the molecular structure of the lubricating oil base oil, thereby greatly improving the anti-wear and friction-reducing performance of the base oil, and does not need to add an anti-wear agent in subsequent use, thereby fully improving the wear resistance and meeting the use requirements.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is an anti-wear trimethylolpropane oleate base oil, including a trimethylolpropane oleate base oil molecule containing an active P element, which has a structure of formula (I):

[0006]

[0007] Here, R represents 8-heptadecenyl.

[0008] Preferably, the method for preparing the mixture of trimethylolpropane oleate base oil molecules containing active P element comprises the following steps:

[0009] S1: weigh trimethylolpropane and phosphorus pentoxide in a molar ratio of 1:0.002-0.01 and add them into a single-necked flask;

[0010] S2: Heat the raw material to 60°C until it is completely dissolved, and continue stirring and reacting for 1 hour while controlling the negative pressure to -0.09 MPa;

[0011] S3: adding raw material oleic acid at a temperature of 60°C, with a molar ratio of oleic acid to trimethylolpropane of 2.91:1, and controlling the negative pressure at -0.09 MPa, raising the temperature to 180°C, and keeping the temperature for reaction for 2 hours;

[0012] S4: Continue to raise the temperature to 200°C, keep the temperature for 6 hours, and then the reaction is completed.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are:

[0014] 1. The present invention provides an anti-wear trimethylolpropane oleate base oil. In the process of synthesizing the trimethylolpropane oleate base oil, an active P element with anti-wear performance is introduced through an in-situ reaction, so that the prepared mixture of the trimethylolpropane oleate base oil has good anti-wear performance and friction reduction performance in the subsequent use process without the need for adding an anti-wear agent. Under the premise of having the same P element content, the trimethylolpropane oleate base oil containing the active P element has more significant anti-wear performance than the base oil with an external anti-wear agent containing the P element. At the same time, the preparation process provided by the present invention is simple and easy to operate, saves production costs, has strong functionality, and is suitable for large-scale promotion and use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0016] Figure 1 The infrared spectra of Examples 1 to 3 provided by the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 The friction coefficient diagram of the sample steel balls in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2 provided by the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a microscope observation diagram of the wear spot diameter of the sample steel ball under Example 1 provided by the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a microscope observation diagram of the wear spot diameter of the sample steel ball under Example 2 provided by the present invention;

[0020] Figure 5 This is a microscope observation diagram of the wear spot diameter of the sample steel ball under Example 3 provided by the present invention;

[0021] Figure 6 This is a microscope observation diagram of the wear spot diameter of the sample steel ball in Comparative Example 1 provided by the present invention;

[0022] Figure 7 This is a microscope observation diagram of the wear spot diameter of the sample steel ball in Comparative Example 2 provided by the present invention; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned purpose, features and advantages of the present invention, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0024] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways than those described herein. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments of the following disclosure.

[0025] An anti-wear trimethylolpropane oleate base oil comprises a trimethylolpropane oleate base oil molecule containing an active P element, and has a structure of formula (1):

[0026]

[0027] Wherein, R represents 8-heptadecenyl;

[0028] In the above process: trimethylolpropane oleate base oil is prepared from raw materials trimethylolpropane, oleic acid and a catalyst, and is used in various industrial fields because of its good lubricity, high temperature resistance and excellent viscosity-temperature characteristics; 8-heptadecenyl represented by the R group is a group product obtained by the reaction of trimethylolpropane and oleic acid; for the trimethylolpropane oleate base oil molecule containing the active P element provided above, it is based on the preparation and synthesis raw materials of the existing trimethylolpropane oleate base oil, and a raw material containing the active P element, preferably phosphorus pentoxide, is added, and corresponding reaction conditions are applied to each added raw material, so that after the in-situ reaction process, each raw material introduces the active P element into the molecular structure of the prepared and synthesized trimethylolpropane oleate base oil, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the anti-wear and friction-reducing performance of the base oil, that is, it is unnecessary to add an anti-wear agent during the subsequent use of the base oil, thereby saving costs.

[0029] In order to effectively prepare the anti-wear base oil, the preparation method of the mixture of trimethylolpropane oleate base oil molecules containing active P elements comprises the following steps:

[0030] S1: weigh trimethylolpropane and phosphorus pentoxide in a molar ratio of 1:0.002-0.01 and add them into a single-necked flask;

[0031] S2: Heat the raw material to 60°C until it is completely dissolved, and continue stirring and reacting for 1 hour while controlling the negative pressure to -0.09 MPa;

[0032] S3: adding raw material oleic acid at a temperature of 60°C, with a molar ratio of oleic acid to trimethylolpropane of 2.91:1, and controlling the negative pressure at -0.09 MPa, raising the temperature to 180°C, and keeping the temperature for reaction for 2 hours;

[0033] S4: Continue to raise the temperature to 200°C, keep the temperature for 6 hours, and the reaction ends;

[0034] In the above process: each raw material generates a C=O bond stretching vibration absorption peak during the production and preparation process, indicating that an ester bond is generated, that is, the preparation of the trimethylolpropane oleate base oil is completed; in the production and preparation process, a P=O bond stretching vibration absorption peak and a POC bond characteristic absorption peak are also generated, indicating that a phosphate ester is generated, that is, based on the molecular structure of the generated trimethylolpropane oleate base oil, an active P element with anti-wear performance is introduced through a molecular in-situ reaction. In this way, the base oil introduced with the active P element no longer needs to be added with an anti-wear agent containing the P element during subsequent use, which reduces the production cost on the one hand, and the preparation process is simple to operate on the other hand, greatly improves the work progress, and meets different usage requirements.

[0035] Embodiment 1,

[0036] The method for preparing the trimethylolpropane oleate base oil molecule containing the active P element provided in this embodiment comprises the following steps:

[0037] Take 0.1 mol (13.42 g) of trimethylolpropane and 0.0002 mol (0.0284 g) of phosphorus pentoxide and add them to a 250 ml three-necked flask, heat it to 60°C, the raw materials are completely dissolved, control the negative pressure to -0.09 MPa, continue stirring and react for 1 hour; at this temperature, add 0.291 mol (82.21 g) of oleic acid, then control the negative pressure to -0.09 MPa, heat to 180°C, keep the temperature at 180°C for 2 hours, then heat to 200°C for 6 hours, the reaction ends, and the acid value is 1.15. By calculation, the P element content is 132 ppm.

[0038] Embodiment 2,

[0039] The method for preparing the trimethylolpropane oleate base oil molecule containing the active P element provided in this embodiment comprises the following steps:

[0040] Take 0.1 mol (13.42 g) of trimethylolpropane and 0.0005 mol (0.0710 g) of phosphorus pentoxide and add them to a 250 ml three-necked flask, heat it to 60°C, the raw materials are completely dissolved, control the negative pressure to -0.09 MPa, continue stirring and react for 1 hour; at this temperature, add 0.291 mol (82.21 g) of oleic acid, then control the negative pressure to -0.09 MPa, heat to 180°C, keep the temperature at 180°C for 2 hours, then heat to 200°C for 6 hours, the reaction ends, and the acid value is 1.35. By calculation, the P element content is 329 ppm.

[0041] Embodiment 3,

[0042] The method for preparing the trimethylolpropane oleate base oil molecule containing the active P element provided in this embodiment comprises the following steps:

[0043] Take 0.1 mol (13.42 g) of trimethylolpropane and 0.001 mol (0.1419 g) of phosphorus pentoxide and add them to a 250 ml three-necked flask, heat it to 60°C, the raw materials are completely dissolved, control the negative pressure to -0.09 MPa, continue stirring and react for 1 hour; at this temperature, add 0.291 mol (82.21 g) of oleic acid, then control the negative pressure to -0.09 MPa, heat to 180°C, keep the temperature at 180°C for 2 hours, then heat to 200°C for 6 hours, the reaction ends, and the acid value is 1.82. By calculation, the P content is 659 ppm.

[0044] Among them, the calculation results of the P element content in Examples 1 to 3 are shown in Table 1;

[0045] The trimethylolpropane oleate base oil molecules containing active P element obtained in Example 1, Example 2 and Example 3 were analyzed by infrared spectrometer to obtain their infrared spectra, as shown in FIG. Figure 1 shown; from Figure 1 It can be seen that the oil samples obtained in Examples 1, 2 and 3 have a peak at 1742 cm -1 The C=O bond stretching vibration absorption peak at 1238cm -1 The P=O bond stretching vibration absorption peak is at 1018cm -1 The characteristic absorption peak of POC bond is at , indicating that phosphate ester is generated;

[0046] With regard to the generated C=O bond stretching vibration absorption peak, the preparation of trimethylolpropane oleate base oil is completed. With regard to the generated P=O bond stretching vibration absorption peak and the POC bond characteristic absorption peak, based on the generated trimethylolpropane oleate base oil molecular structure, an active P element with anti-wear properties is introduced through a molecular in-situ reaction. Thus, during the subsequent use of the base oil introduced with the active P element, no external anti-wear agent containing the P element is required, which saves costs, is convenient to use, and effectively and fully meets the use requirements.

[0047] Comparative Example 1,

[0048] The preparation method of trimethylolpropane oleate base oil provided in this comparative example comprises the following steps:

[0049] Take 0.1 mol (13.42 g) of trimethylolpropane and 0.291 mol (82.21 g) of oleic acid and add them into a 250 ml three-necked flask, heat to 60°C to completely dissolve the raw materials, then control the negative pressure to -0.09 MPa, raise the temperature to 180°C, keep the temperature at 180°C for 2 hours, then raise the temperature to 200°C for 6 hours. The reaction is completed and the acid value is 1.50.

[0050] Comparative Example 2,

[0051] The preparation method provided in this comparative example of adding an anti-wear agent containing a P element to a trimethylolpropane oleate base oil comprises the following steps:

[0052] Take 20g of the product of Comparative Example 1, add 0.055g of ammonium phosphate {brand 349, Basf (China) Co., Ltd., P content 4.8%}, stir and dissolve to obtain a trimethylolpropane oleate base oil sample with an anti-wear agent containing P element added. By calculation, the P content in the oil sample is 132ppm.

[0053] Tribological performance test: The oil samples obtained in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2 were respectively subjected to tribological performance tests. The specific test method is as follows: the oil samples obtained in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2 were respectively smeared on a plurality of sample steel balls, and the balls were placed in a test device to carry out corresponding tribological performance tests. The test device used was an MS-10A four-ball testing machine produced by Xiamen Tianji Automation Co., Ltd. The specific test conditions were as follows: load 392N, temperature 75°C, rotation speed 1200rpm, time 3600s, and the specifications of the sample steel balls used were: diameter 12.7mm, material GCr15 bearing steel; after the tribological performance test was carried out on each sample steel ball, the wear spot diameter of the sample steel ball was measured using a microscope, and the average wear spot diameter was calculated to characterize the anti-wear performance, and the average friction coefficient was calculated to characterize the friction reduction performance.

[0054] The test results of the friction coefficient of the sample steel ball under the oil samples of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2 are integrated to obtain the friction coefficient analysis diagram, as shown in FIG. Figure 2 As shown;

[0055] After the tribological performance test was completed, the sample steel balls under the oil samples of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2 were observed under a microscope to obtain the corresponding microscope observation graphs of the wear spot diameters, as shown in FIG. Figure 3 to Figure 7 As shown;

[0056] The wear spot diameter and friction coefficient obtained by using the sample steel balls under the oil samples of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2 were calculated to obtain the corresponding average wear spot diameter and average friction coefficient. The specific test results are shown in Table 1;

[0057] Table 1 Test results:

[0058] Test samples P content (ppm) Average wear spot diameter (mm) Average friction coefficient Example 1 132 0.386 0.058 Example 2 329 0.372 0.056 Example 3 659 0.399 0.043 Comparative Example 1 0 0.704 0.089 Comparative Example 2 132 0.451 0.072

[0059] From the data in Table 1 above, we can conclude that:

[0060] Regarding each embodiment: compared with the oil sample prepared in comparative example 1, the average wear spot diameter of the sample steel ball obtained in embodiments 1 to 3 decreases by 45.2%, 47.2% and 43.3% respectively, and the average friction coefficient decreases by 34.8%, 37.1% and 51.7% respectively, which means that after the active P element with anti-wear performance is introduced into the trimethylolpropane oleate base oil after the in-situ reaction, the anti-wear and friction reducing properties of the trimethylolpropane oleate base oil are greatly improved, that is, it has good anti-wear and friction reducing properties. In this way, for the trimethylolpropane oleate base oil molecules containing the active P element, there is no need to add an anti-wear agent containing the P element during subsequent use, which saves costs to a certain extent and meets the use requirements.

[0061] About the embodiments and comparative examples: The oil sample prepared in Example 1 and the oil sample obtained by adding an anti-wear agent containing the P element in Comparative Example 2 have the same P element content. Combined with the data in the above table, it can be concluded that the anti-wear performance and friction reduction performance of the former are better than those of the latter. That is to say, the trimethylolpropane oleate base oil molecule containing the active P element prepared by in-situ reaction, that is, the anti-wear type trimethylolpropane oleate base oil has better anti-wear and friction reduction properties than the anti-wear agent containing the P element, and the preparation process is simple and easy to operate, which is suitable for large-scale promotion and use.

[0062] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in other forms. Any technician familiar with the profession may use the technical content disclosed above to change or modify it into an equivalent embodiment with equivalent changes and apply it to other fields. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiment based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention still falls within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. An anti-wear trimethylolpropane oleate base oil, characterized in that: A compound comprising a trimethylolpropane oleate base oil molecule containing an active P element, which has the structure of formula (I): Wherein, R represents 8-heptadecenyl; The preparation method of the trimethylolpropane oleate base oil molecule containing the active P element is: Take 0.1 mol of trimethylolpropane and 0.0002 mol of phosphorus pentoxide and add them to a 250 ml three-necked flask, heat it to 60°C, the raw materials are completely dissolved, control the negative pressure to -0.09 MPa, and continue stirring to react for 1 hour; at this temperature, add 0.291 mol of oleic acid, then control the negative pressure to -0.09 MPa, raise the temperature to 180°C, keep the temperature at 180°C for 2 hours, then raise the temperature to 200°C for 6 hours, the reaction is completed, the acid value is 1.15, and the P element content is 132 ppm by calculation; Or, add 0.1 mol of trimethylolpropane and 0.0005 mol of phosphorus pentoxide into a 250 ml three-necked flask, heat it to 60°C, completely dissolve the raw materials, control the negative pressure to -0.09 MPa, and continue stirring to react for 1 hour; at this temperature, add 0.291 mol of oleic acid, then control the negative pressure to -0.09 MPa, raise the temperature to 180°C, keep the temperature at 180°C for 2 hours, then raise the temperature to 200°C for 6 hours, the reaction is completed, the acid value is 1.35, and the P element content is 329 ppm by calculation; Alternatively, 0.1 mol of trimethylolpropane and 0.001 mol of phosphorus pentoxide are added to a 250 ml three-necked flask, which is heated to 60°C until the raw materials are completely dissolved. The negative pressure is controlled to -0.09 MPa, and the reaction is continued with stirring for 1 hour. At this temperature, 0.291 mol of oleic acid is added, and then the negative pressure is controlled to -0.09 MPa, the temperature is raised to 180°C, and the reaction is kept at 180°C for 2 hours, and then the temperature is raised to 200°C for 6 hours. The reaction is completed, and the acid value is 1.

82. By calculation, the P content is 659 ppm.

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