A terahertz orthogonal mode coupler

Abstract

The present application discloses a terahertz orthogonal mode coupler, including a double-ridge waveguide junction and a power synthesizer connected to each other; the double-ridge waveguide junction includes a common input square waveguide, a ridge waveguide step array, a transition waveguide and a central waveguide, a first branch waveguide and a second branch waveguide; wherein the common input square waveguide is connected to one end of the ridge waveguide step array, one end of the first branch waveguide and one end of the second branch waveguide, and the other end of the first branch waveguide is at a first preset angle to the other end of the second branch waveguide; the height and width of the central waveguide are both smaller than the height and width of the output port of the turning waveguide. In the present application, the first branch waveguide is at a first preset angle to the second branch waveguide, which can reduce the width sensitivity of the ridge waveguide step, thereby widening the width of the ridge waveguide, and further reducing the processing difficulty of the terahertz orthogonal mode coupler. In addition, the working bandwidth of the terahertz orthogonal mode coupler can be widened to achieve ultra-wideband performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of orthogonal mode couplers, and in particular to a terahertz orthogonal mode coupler. Background Art

[0002] The orthogonal mode coupler is one of the core components of the polarization multiplexing communication system, which can improve the transmission capacity and spectrum utilization of the communication system. In the polarization multiplexing communication system, the orthogonal mode coupler is directly connected to the antenna, and as a key component of the dual-polarization antenna feed, it can realize the synthesis and separation of electromagnetic wave signals of different polarization modes at the common port. As a front-end device of the communication system, the in-band insertion loss of the orthogonal mode coupler will affect the link budget and receiver sensitivity of the system, and the mutual interference between the signals of two different polarization modes will reduce the stability of the communication system. While ensuring the insertion loss and isolation of the orthogonal mode coupler, it is also necessary to improve the bandwidth of the orthogonal mode coupler to suit different application scenarios. The orthogonal mode coupler in the terahertz band is a waveguide structure, and symmetrical structures such as a turnstile structure and a double-ridge structure are often used to suppress the propagation of high-order modes and achieve broadband performance.

[0003] As the frequency increases, the size of the device decreases, which leads to high processing precision requirements and great processing difficulty. Existing terahertz orthogonal mode couplers often do not have the performance of covering the entire frequency band. Therefore, achieving ultra-wideband performance while ensuring return loss and insertion loss is the current research focus of terahertz orthogonal mode couplers. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a terahertz orthogonal mode coupler to solve the technical problem that the existing terahertz frequency band orthogonal mode coupler in the prior art is difficult to achieve ultra-wideband performance. The preferred technical solutions among the many technical solutions provided in this application can produce many technical effects as described below.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present application provides a terahertz orthogonal mode coupler, comprising a double-ridged waveguide junction and a power synthesizer connected to each other; the double-ridged waveguide junction comprises a common input square waveguide, a ridge waveguide step array, a transition waveguide, a central waveguide, a first branch waveguide and a second branch waveguide; wherein the common input square waveguide is connected to one end of the ridge waveguide step array, one end of the first branch waveguide and one end of the second branch waveguide, the other end of the ridge waveguide step array is located between the other end of the first branch waveguide and the other end of the second branch waveguide, and the other end of the first branch waveguide is at a first preset angle to the other end of the second branch waveguide; the ridge waveguide step array , the transition waveguide is connected to the central waveguide; the terahertz orthogonal mode coupler also includes a turning waveguide; the turning waveguide is connected to the central waveguide, receives and outputs the vertical mode signal transmitted by the central waveguide; the height and width of the central waveguide are both smaller than the height and width of the output port of the turning waveguide, and the central waveguide is used to transmit the vertical mode signal; the power synthesizer is respectively connected to the first branch waveguide and the second branch waveguide, and the power synthesizer is used to receive the branch signals output by the first branch waveguide and the second branch waveguide, synthesize the branch signals to obtain the horizontal mode signal, and output the horizontal mode signal.

[0007] In some embodiments, the turning waveguide includes a width conversion waveguide, a height conversion waveguide, a first turning waveguide step, a second turning waveguide step and a first output waveguide connected in sequence, wherein the long side of the height conversion waveguide is perpendicular to the long side of the first turning waveguide step and parallel to the high side of the second turning waveguide step; the widths of the common input square waveguide, the width conversion waveguide, the height conversion waveguide, the first turning waveguide step, the second turning waveguide step and the first output waveguide are all equal.

[0008] In some embodiments, the height of the width conversion waveguide is the same as the height of the central waveguide, the height of the width conversion waveguide is 0.17 mm, the width of the width conversion waveguide is greater than the width of the central waveguide, the width of the width conversion waveguide is 1.092 mm, and the length of the width conversion waveguide is 0.12 mm; the width of the height conversion waveguide is 1.092 mm, the height of the height conversion waveguide is greater than the height of the width conversion waveguide, the height of the height conversion waveguide is 0.26 mm, and the length of the height conversion waveguide is 0. 33 mm; the height of the first turning waveguide step is 0.16 mm, the length of the first turning waveguide step is 0.24 mm, and the width of the first turning waveguide step is 1.092 mm; the height of the second turning waveguide step is 0.38 mm, the length of the second turning waveguide step is 0.23 mm, and the width of the second turning waveguide step is 1.092 mm; the narrow side of the first output waveguide is 0.546 mm, the wide side of the first output waveguide is 1.092 mm, and the length of the first output waveguide is 1.5 mm.

[0009] In some embodiments, the top of the width conversion waveguide is aligned with the top of the height conversion waveguide; the first turn waveguide step, the second turn waveguide step and the first output waveguide are respectively aligned toward each end surface of the central waveguide.

[0010] In some embodiments, the power synthesizer includes a third branch waveguide, a fourth branch waveguide, a first synthesized waveguide, a second synthesized waveguide, a third synthesized waveguide and a second output waveguide; wherein the input end of the third branch waveguide is connected to the output end of the first branch waveguide, the input end of the fourth branch waveguide is connected to the output end of the second branch waveguide, and the input end of the third branch waveguide is at a second preset angle to the input end of the fourth branch waveguide; the output end of the third branch waveguide and the output end of the fourth branch waveguide are both connected to the input end of the first synthesized waveguide; the first synthesized waveguide, the second synthesized waveguide, the third synthesized waveguide and the second output waveguide are connected in sequence.

[0011] In some embodiments, central axes of the first composite waveguide, the second composite waveguide, the third composite waveguide, and the second output waveguide overlap with each other.

[0012] In some embodiments, the heights of the common input square waveguide, the first branch waveguide, the second branch waveguide, the third branch waveguide, the fourth branch waveguide, the first synthetic waveguide, the second synthetic waveguide, the third synthetic waveguide and the second output waveguide are all equal; the height of the third branch waveguide is 1.092 mm, the length of the third branch waveguide is 1.65 mm, and the width of the third branch waveguide is 0.48 mm; the size of the fourth branch waveguide is the same as that of the third branch waveguide; the height of the first synthetic waveguide is 1.092 mm, the length of the first synthetic waveguide is 0.19 mm, and the width of the first synthetic waveguide is 0. The height of the second synthetic waveguide is 1.092 mm, the width of the second synthetic waveguide is smaller than the width of the first synthetic waveguide, the width of the second synthetic waveguide is 0.75 mm, and the length of the second synthetic waveguide is 0.23 mm; the height of the third synthetic waveguide is 1.092 mm, the width of the third synthetic waveguide is smaller than the width of the second synthetic waveguide, the width of the third synthetic waveguide is 0.61 mm, and the length of the third synthetic waveguide is 0.2 mm; the width of the second output waveguide is 0.546 mm, the height of the second output waveguide is 1.092 mm, and the length of the second output waveguide is 1 mm.

[0013] In some embodiments, the width of the common input square waveguide is 1.092 mm, and the height of the common input square waveguide is 1.092 mm; the narrow side of the transition waveguide is 0.38 mm, the wide side of the transition waveguide is 0.62 mm, the length of the transition waveguide is 0.1 mm, and the height of the transition waveguide is 0.42 mm; the height of the central waveguide is 0.17 mm, the width of the central waveguide is 0.86 mm, and the length of the central waveguide is 0.32 mm; the height of the first branch waveguide is 1.092 mm, the width of the first branch waveguide is 0.48 mm, and the length of the first branch waveguide is 1.45 mm; the size of the second branch waveguide is the same as the size of the first branch waveguide.

[0014] In some embodiments, the width of the ridge waveguide step array changes in a gradual manner, and the height of the ridge waveguide step array changes in a step manner.

[0015] In some embodiments, the common input square waveguide comprises a first polarization mode TE 10 mode and the second polarization mode TE 01 Mode; the first polarization mode TE 10 mode and the second polarization mode TE 01 The modes are separated based on the ridge waveguide step array, so that the first branch waveguide and the second branch waveguide output horizontal mode signals with equal amplitude and direction.

[0016] Implementing one of the above technical solutions of the present application has the following advantages or beneficial effects: In the present application, by setting a double-ridge waveguide junction to change the angle between the first branch waveguide and the second branch waveguide, the other end of the first branch waveguide and the other end of the second branch waveguide are at a first preset angle, which can reduce the width sensitivity of the ridge waveguide step, thereby widening the width of the ridge waveguide, and further reducing the processing difficulty of the terahertz orthogonal mode coupler. At the same time, the height and width of the central waveguide are both smaller than the height and width of the output port of the turning waveguide, thereby forming a rectangular waveguide port with reduced width and height, thereby widening the working bandwidth of the terahertz orthogonal mode coupler and achieving ultra-wideband performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. It is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work. In the drawings:

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the turning waveguide in the embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 3 is a top view of an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 4 is a bottom view of an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 5A is a vertical mode electric field intensity distribution diagram of an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 5B is a diagram of the electric field intensity distribution in the horizontal mode of an embodiment of the present application.

[0024] Fig. 6A is a schematic diagram of simulation results of the S parameter S11 of an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 6B Schematic diagram of simulation results of S parameters S21 and S31 of an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 6C It is a schematic diagram of the simulation results of the S parameter S32 of the embodiment of the present application.

[0027] In the figure: 1, terahertz orthogonal mode coupler; 10, double-ridge waveguide junction; 20, power synthesizer; 11, common input square waveguide; 12, ridge waveguide ladder array; 13, transition waveguide; 14, central waveguide; 15, first branch waveguide; 16, second branch waveguide; 30, turn waveguide; 31, width conversion waveguide; 32, height conversion waveguide; 33, first turn waveguide ladder; 34, second turn waveguide ladder; 35, first output waveguide; 21, third branch waveguide; 22, fourth branch waveguide; 23, first synthesized waveguide; 24, second synthesized waveguide; 25, third synthesized waveguide; 26, second output waveguide; 120, first ridge waveguide; 121, second ridge waveguide; 122, third ridge waveguide. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the various exemplary embodiments to be described below will refer to the corresponding drawings, which constitute a part of the exemplary embodiments, wherein various exemplary embodiments that may be used to implement the present application are described. Unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The implementation methods described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all implementation methods consistent with the present disclosure. It should be understood that they are only examples of processes, methods, and devices that are consistent with some aspects disclosed in the present application as detailed in the attached claims, and other embodiments may also be used, or the embodiments listed herein may be modified in structure and function without departing from the scope and essence of the present application.

[0029] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. The terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. The term "multiple" means two or more. The terms "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, an integral connection, a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, a communication connection, a direct connection, an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. The term "and / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0030] In order to illustrate the technical solution described in the present application, a specific embodiment is provided below, and only the parts related to the embodiment of the present application are shown.

[0031] like Figure 1 As shown, the present application provides a terahertz orthogonal mode coupler 1, comprising a double-ridged waveguide junction 10 and a power combiner 20 connected to each other; the double-ridged waveguide junction 10 comprises a common input square waveguide 11, a ridge waveguide step array 12, a transition waveguide 13, a central waveguide 14, a first branch waveguide 15 and a second branch waveguide 16; wherein the common input square waveguide 11 is connected to one end of the ridge waveguide step array 12, one end of the first branch waveguide 15 and one end of the second branch waveguide 16, the other end of the ridge waveguide step array 12 is located between the other end of the first branch waveguide 15 and the other end of the second branch waveguide 16, and the other end of the first branch waveguide 15 is at a first preset angle with the other end of the second branch waveguide 16; The ridge waveguide step array 12, the transition waveguide 13 and the central waveguide 14 are connected; the terahertz orthogonal mode coupler 1 also includes a turning waveguide 30; the turning waveguide 30 is connected to the central waveguide 14, receives and outputs the vertical mode signal transmitted by the central waveguide 14; the height and width of the central waveguide 14 are both smaller than the height and width of the output port P2 of the turning waveguide 30, and the central waveguide 14 is used to transmit the vertical mode signal; the power synthesizer 20 is respectively connected to the first branch waveguide 15 and the second branch waveguide 16, and the power synthesizer 20 is used to receive the branch signals output by the first branch waveguide 15 and the second branch waveguide 16, and synthesize the branch signals to obtain the horizontal mode signal, and output the horizontal mode signal.

[0032] Specifically, the input end P1 of the common input square waveguide 11 is used to receive an input signal, and the common input square waveguide 11 has a first output end S1, a second output end S2, and a third output end S3; wherein the first output end S1 is connected to the input end of the ridge waveguide step array 12, the second output end S2 is connected to the input end of the first branch waveguide 15, and the third output end S3 is connected to the input end of the second branch waveguide 16. In some embodiments, the width of the common input square waveguide 11 is 1.092 mm, and the height of the common input square waveguide 11 is 1.092 mm.

[0033] In some embodiments, the common input square waveguide 11 may include a first polarization mode TE 10 mode and the second polarization mode TE 01 Mode; first polarization mode TE 10 mode and the second polarization mode TE 01 The modes are separated based on the ridge waveguide step array 12, so that the first branch waveguide 15 and the second branch waveguide 16 output horizontal mode signals with equal amplitude and direction. The power combiner 20 can receive the horizontal mode branch signals output by the first branch waveguide 15 and the second branch waveguide 16, perform power combination, and then output the horizontal mode signal after power combination.

[0034] In some embodiments, the input end of the transition waveguide 13 may be connected to the output end of the ridge waveguide step array 12, and the output end of the transition waveguide 13 may be connected to the input end of the central waveguide 14. In some embodiments, the narrow side of the transition waveguide 13 may be 0.38 mm, the wide side of the transition waveguide 13 may be 0.62 mm, the length of the transition waveguide 13 may be 0.1 mm, and the height of the transition waveguide 13 may be 0.42 mm.

[0035] In some embodiments, the height of the central waveguide 14 may be less than the height of the output port P2 of the turn waveguide 30. The height of the central waveguide 14 may be 0.17 mm. The width of the central waveguide 14 may be less than the width of the output port P2 of the turn waveguide 30. The width of the central waveguide 14 may be 0.86 mm. The length of the central waveguide 14 is 0.32 mm. In this case, compared to a standard rectangular waveguide opening, such as the output port P2, the central waveguide 14 can form a rectangular waveguide opening with reduced width and height, thereby increasing the resonant frequency of the resonant mode to outside the working frequency band, thereby achieving full-band performance.

[0036] In some embodiments, Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the ridge waveguide ladder array 12 may include a first ridge waveguide 120, a second ridge waveguide 121, and a third ridge waveguide 122. Specifically, the input end of the first ridge waveguide 120 may be connected to the first output end S1 of the common input square waveguide 11, and the output end of the first ridge waveguide 120 may be connected to the input end of the second ridge waveguide 121; the input end of the third ridge waveguide 122 may be connected to the output end of the second ridge waveguide 121, and the output end of the third ridge waveguide 122 may be connected to the input end of the transition waveguide 13. Among them, the height of the first ridge waveguide 120 can be 0.85 mm, the width of the first ridge waveguide 120 can be 0.25 mm, and the length of the first ridge waveguide 120 can be 0.18 mm; the narrow side of the second ridge waveguide 121 can be the same as the width of the first ridge waveguide 120, which can be 0.25 mm, the height of the second ridge waveguide 121 can be smaller than the height of the first ridge waveguide 120, which can be 0.77 mm, the wide side of the second ridge waveguide 121 can be 0.38 mm, and the length of the second ridge waveguide 121 can be 0.33 mm; the height of the third ridge waveguide 122 can be smaller than the height of the second ridge waveguide 121, which can be 0.42 mm, the width of the third ridge waveguide 122 can be equal to the wide side of the second ridge waveguide 121, which can be 0.38 mm, and the length of the third ridge waveguide 122 can be 0.21 mm.

[0037] In some embodiments, the width of the ridge waveguide step array 12 changes gradually, and the height of the ridge waveguide step array 12 changes stepwise. Specifically, the width of the ridge waveguide step array 12 gradually increases from 0.25 mm, which is the narrow side of the second ridge waveguide 121, to 0.38 mm, which is the wide side of the second ridge waveguide 121. The height of the ridge waveguide step array 12 is reduced from 0.85 mm, which is the height of the first ridge waveguide 120, to 0.77 mm, which is the height of the second ridge waveguide 121, and finally to 0.42 mm, which is the height of the second ridge waveguide 121. In this way, the discontinuity of the signal in transmission can be reduced. By setting the ridge waveguide step array 12, the height of the central waveguide 14 can be reduced to prevent the second polarization mode TE 01 mode propagation, and can also improve the first polarization mode TE 10 The degree of matching of mode transmission.

[0038] In some embodiments, the double-ridged waveguide junction 10 may be an axisymmetric structure. Specifically, the double-ridged waveguide junction 10 may be axisymmetric about the central axis of the common input square waveguide 11. Thus, the reflection and loss of the signal during transmission can be reduced, and the shape and integrity of the signal can be maintained.

[0039] In some embodiments, the height of the first branch waveguide 15 may be 1.092 mm, the width of the first branch waveguide 15 may be 0.48 mm, and the length of the first branch waveguide 15 may be 1.45 mm. The size of the second branch waveguide 16 may be the same as that of the first branch waveguide 15. The first branch waveguide 15 and the second branch waveguide 16 are at a first preset angle, and the first preset angle may be 100 degrees. The first preset angle may be adjusted according to actual needs, for example, it may also be 95 degrees, 105 degrees, or 110 degrees.

[0040] In some embodiments, Figure 1 As shown, the terahertz orthogonal mode coupler 1 may further include a turning waveguide 30. The turning waveguide 30 is connected to the central waveguide 14, and receives and outputs the vertical mode signal transmitted by the central waveguide 14. Specifically, the input end of the turning waveguide 30 may be connected to the output end of the central waveguide 14, and is used to receive the vertical mode signal; the output end P2 of the turning waveguide 30 may be used to output the vertical mode signal. In this case, by adding the turning waveguide 30, it is possible to easily obtain the vertical mode signal for testing, and it is also possible to facilitate processing.

[0041] In some embodiments, Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4As shown, the turning waveguide 30 includes a width conversion waveguide 31, a height conversion waveguide 32, a first turning waveguide step 33, a second turning waveguide step 34 and a first output waveguide 35 connected in sequence, wherein the long side of the height conversion waveguide 32 is perpendicular to the long side of the first turning waveguide step 33 and parallel to the high side of the second turning waveguide step 34; the widths of the common input square waveguide 11, the width conversion waveguide 31, the height conversion waveguide 32, the first turning waveguide step 33, the second turning waveguide step 34 and the first output waveguide 35 are all equal.

[0042] In some embodiments, the input end of the width conversion waveguide 31 may be connected to the output end of the central waveguide 14, and the output end of the width conversion waveguide 31 may be connected to the input end of the height conversion waveguide 32. The height of the width conversion waveguide 31 may be the same as the height of the central waveguide 14, which may be 0.17 mm; the width of the width conversion waveguide 31 may be greater than the width of the central waveguide 14, which may be 1.092 mm; and the length of the width conversion waveguide 31 may be 0.12 mm.

[0043] In some embodiments, the width of the height conversion waveguide 32 can be the same as the width of the width conversion waveguide 31, which can be 1.092 mm; the height of the height conversion waveguide 32 can be greater than the height of the width conversion waveguide 31, which can be 0.26 mm; and the length of the height conversion waveguide 32 can be 0.33 mm. By setting the width conversion waveguide 31 and the height conversion waveguide 32, the output first polarization mode TE 10 The port of the mode, that is, the output port of the central waveguide 14, is converted into a standard rectangular waveguide port.

[0044] In some embodiments, the input end of the first turn waveguide step 33 can be connected to the output end of the height conversion waveguide 32, and the output end of the first turn waveguide step 33 can be connected to the input end of the second turn waveguide step 34. The height of the first turn waveguide step 33 can be 0.16 mm; the length of the first turn waveguide step 33 can be 0.24 mm; the width of the first turn waveguide step 33 can be the same as the width of the height conversion waveguide 32, which can be 1.092 mm.

[0045] In some embodiments, the height of the second turning waveguide step 34 may be 0.38 mm; the length of the second turning waveguide step 34 may be 0.23 mm; and the width of the second turning waveguide step 34 may be the same as the width of the first turning waveguide step 33 , which may be 1.092 mm.

[0046] In some embodiments, the input end of the first output waveguide 35 can be connected to the output end of the second turning waveguide step 34, and the output end P2 of the first output waveguide 35 can be used to output a vertical mode signal. The first output waveguide 35 can be a WR4.3 standard rectangular waveguide port, the narrow side can be 0.546 mm, and the wide side can be 1.092 mm. The length of the first output waveguide 35 can be 1.5 mm.

[0047] As described above, by providing the first turn waveguide step 33 and the second turn waveguide step 34 , step impedance transformation can be achieved, thereby improving the matching degree of each port in the turn waveguide 30 .

[0048] In some embodiments, Figure 2 As shown, the top of the width conversion waveguide 31 is aligned with the top of the height conversion waveguide 32. The first turning waveguide step 33, the second turning waveguide step 34 and the first output waveguide 35 are respectively aligned toward the end faces of the central waveguide 14. Further, the end faces where the width conversion waveguide 31 is aligned with the height conversion waveguide 32, and the end faces where the first turning waveguide step 33, the second turning waveguide step 34 and the first output waveguide 35 are aligned are L-shaped, that is, orthogonal.

[0049] In some embodiments, the power combiner 20 includes a third branch waveguide 21, a fourth branch waveguide 22, a first combined waveguide 23, a second combined waveguide 24, a third combined waveguide 25, and a second output waveguide 26; wherein the input end of the third branch waveguide 21 is connected to the output end of the first branch waveguide 15, the input end of the fourth branch waveguide 22 is connected to the output end of the second branch waveguide 16, and the input end of the third branch waveguide 21 is at a second preset angle to the input end of the fourth branch waveguide 22. The output ends of the third branch waveguide 21 and the fourth branch waveguide 22 are both connected to the input end of the first combined waveguide 23; the first combined waveguide 23, the second combined waveguide 24, the third combined waveguide 25, and the second output waveguide 26 are connected in sequence.

[0050] In some embodiments, the third branch waveguide 21 and the fourth branch waveguide 22 can be used to receive the branch signals of the horizontal mode with equal amplitude and same direction output by the first branch waveguide 15 and the second branch waveguide 16, respectively. The height of the third branch waveguide 21 can be 1.092 mm, the length of the third branch waveguide 21 can be 1.65 mm, and the width of the third branch waveguide 21 can be 0.48 mm. The size of the fourth branch waveguide 22 can be the same as that of the third branch waveguide 21. The second preset angle can be 80 degrees. The second preset angle can be adjusted according to actual needs, for example, it can also be 75 degrees, 85 degrees or 88 degrees.

[0051] In some embodiments, the input end of the first synthetic waveguide 23 may be connected to the output end of the third branch waveguide 21 and the output end of the fourth branch waveguide 22, and the output end of the first synthetic waveguide 23 may be connected to the input end of the second synthetic waveguide 24. The height of the first synthetic waveguide 23 may be the same as the height of the third branch waveguide 21 or the fourth branch waveguide 22, which may be 1.092 mm; the length of the first synthetic waveguide 23 may be 0.19 mm, and the width of the first synthetic waveguide 23 may be 0.78 mm.

[0052] In some embodiments, the height of the second synthetic waveguide 24 may be the same as that of the first synthetic waveguide 23, which may be 1.092 mm; the width of the second synthetic waveguide 24 may be smaller than the width of the first synthetic waveguide 23, which may be 0.75 mm; and the length of the second synthetic waveguide 24 may be 0.23 mm.

[0053] In some embodiments, the input end of the third synthetic waveguide 25 may be connected to the output end of the second synthetic waveguide 24, and the output end of the third synthetic waveguide 25 may be connected to the input end of the second output waveguide 26. The height of the third synthetic waveguide 25 may be the same as that of the second synthetic waveguide 24, which may be 1.092 mm; the width of the third synthetic waveguide 25 may be smaller than that of the second synthetic waveguide 24, which may be 0.61 mm; and the length of the third synthetic waveguide 25 may be 0.2 mm.

[0054] In some embodiments, the output end P3 of the second output waveguide 26 can be used to output a horizontal mode signal. The second output waveguide 26 can be a WR4.3 standard rectangular waveguide port, and the width of the second output waveguide 26 is 0.546 mm, the height is 1.092 mm, and the length of the second output waveguide 26 can be 1 mm.

[0055] In some embodiments, the common input square waveguide 11, the first branch waveguide 15, the second branch waveguide 16, the third branch waveguide 21, the fourth branch waveguide 22, the first synthetic waveguide 23, the second synthetic waveguide 24, the third synthetic waveguide 25 and the second output waveguide 26 are all of equal height.

[0056] In some embodiments, central axes of the first composite waveguide 23, the second composite waveguide 24, the third composite waveguide 25, and the second output waveguide 26 overlap with each other.

[0057] As described above, by providing the first combined waveguide 23 , the second combined waveguide 24 , and the third combined waveguide 25 , step impedance transformation can be achieved, thereby improving the matching degree of each port in the power combiner 20 .

[0058] In the present application, by setting a double-ridge waveguide junction 10 to change the angle between the first branch waveguide 15 and the second branch waveguide 16, the other end of the first branch waveguide 15 and the other end of the second branch waveguide 16 are at a first preset angle, which can reduce the width sensitivity of the ridge waveguide step, thereby widening the width of the ridge waveguide, and further reducing the processing difficulty of the terahertz orthogonal mode coupler 1. At the same time, the height and width of the central waveguide 14 are both smaller than the height and width of the output port P2 of the turning waveguide 30, thereby forming a rectangular waveguide port with reduced width and height, thereby widening the working bandwidth of the terahertz orthogonal mode coupler 1 and achieving ultra-wideband performance.

[0059] Figure 5A is a diagram showing the electric field intensity distribution of the vertical mode of the terahertz orthogonal mode coupler 1 involved in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 5B is a diagram showing the electric field intensity distribution of the horizontal mode of the terahertz orthogonal mode coupler 1 involved in the embodiment of the present application.

[0060] The terahertz orthogonal mode coupler 1 involved in this application is simulated and tested, and the results are as follows: Fig. 6A The simulation results of S parameter S11 are shown. Figure 6B The simulation results of S parameters S21 and S31 are shown, and Figure 6C The simulation results of S parameter S32 are shown.

[0061] Among them, S11 is the return loss of the input end P1 of the common input square waveguide 11, including the vertical mode and the horizontal mode respectively; S21 is the transmission coefficient of the output end P2 of the first output waveguide 35, S31 is the transmission coefficient of the output end P3 of the second output waveguide 26; S32 is the isolation between the output end P2 of the first output waveguide 35 and the output end P3 of the second output waveguide 26.

[0062] The simulation results show that: in the frequency range of 170-260GHz, the return loss |S11| of the vertical mode and the horizontal mode of the terahertz orthogonal mode coupler 1 involved in the present application is higher than 15dB; at the same time, the transmission loss |S21| of the vertical mode is less than 0.14dB, and the transmission loss |S31| of the horizontal mode is less than 0.06dB; the isolation |S32| between the first output waveguide 35 port P2 and the second output waveguide 26 port P3 is greater than 60.9dB. The simulation results show that the terahertz orthogonal mode coupler 1 involved in the present application has good performance and achieves good performance of full-band ultra-wideband.

[0063] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present application. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various changes or equivalent substitutions may be made to these features and embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. In addition, under the guidance of the present application, these features and embodiments may be modified to adapt to specific circumstances and materials without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims of the present application belong to the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A terahertz orthogonal mode coupler, characterized in that: It comprises a double-ridge waveguide junction and a power combiner connected to each other; the double-ridge waveguide junction comprises a common input square waveguide, a ridge waveguide step array, a transition waveguide, a central waveguide, a first branch waveguide and a second branch waveguide; wherein the common input square waveguide is connected to one end of the ridge waveguide step array, one end of the first branch waveguide and one end of the second branch waveguide, the other end of the ridge waveguide step array is located between the other end of the first branch waveguide and the other end of the second branch waveguide, and the other end of the first branch waveguide is at a first preset angle to the other end of the second branch waveguide; the ridge waveguide step array, the transition waveguide and the central waveguide are connected; the terahertz orthogonal mode coupler also comprises a turning waveguide; the turning waveguide is connected to the central waveguide to receive and output a vertical mode signal transmitted by the central waveguide; the height and width of the central waveguide are respectively smaller than the height and width of the output port of the turning waveguide, and the central waveguide is used to transmit a vertical mode signal; the power combiner is respectively connected to the first branch waveguide and the second branch waveguide, and the power combiner is used to The invention relates to a method for transmitting the first branch waveguide to a waveguide substrate and transmitting the first branch waveguide to a waveguide substrate; wherein the first branch waveguide substrate is provided with a plurality of ridges, and wherein the plurality of ridges are ... The height of the second ridge waveguide is equal to the width of the third ridge waveguide; the input end of the transition waveguide is connected to the output end of the ridge waveguide step array, and the output end of the transition waveguide is connected to the input end of the central waveguide; the input end of the first ridge waveguide is connected to the first output end of the common input square waveguide, and the output end of the first ridge waveguide is connected to the input end of the second ridge waveguide; the input end of the third ridge waveguide is connected to the output end of the second ridge waveguide, and the output end of the third ridge waveguide is connected to the input end of the transition waveguide.

2. The terahertz orthogonal mode coupler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The turning waveguide comprises a width conversion waveguide, a height conversion waveguide, a first turning waveguide step, a second turning waveguide step and a first output waveguide connected in sequence, wherein the long side of the height conversion waveguide is perpendicular to the long side of the first turning waveguide step and is parallel to the high side of the second turning waveguide step; the widths of the common input square waveguide, the width conversion waveguide, the height conversion waveguide, the first turning waveguide step, the second turning waveguide step and the first output waveguide are all equal.

3. The terahertz orthogonal mode coupler according to claim 2, characterized in that: The height of the width conversion waveguide is the same as that of the central waveguide, the height of the width conversion waveguide is 0.17 mm, the width of the width conversion waveguide is greater than the width of the central waveguide, the width of the width conversion waveguide is 1.092 mm, and the length of the width conversion waveguide is 0.12 mm; the width of the height conversion waveguide is 1.092 mm, the height of the height conversion waveguide is greater than the height of the width conversion waveguide, the height of the height conversion waveguide is 0.26 mm, and the length of the height conversion waveguide is 0.33 mm ; The height of the first turning waveguide step is 0.16 mm, the length of the first turning waveguide step is 0.24 mm, and the width of the first turning waveguide step is 1.092 mm; the height of the second turning waveguide step is 0.38 mm, the length of the second turning waveguide step is 0.23 mm, and the width of the second turning waveguide step is 1.092 mm; the narrow side of the first output waveguide is 0.546 mm, the wide side of the first output waveguide is 1.092 mm, and the length of the first output waveguide is 1.5 mm.

4. The terahertz orthogonal mode coupler according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top of the width conversion waveguide is aligned with the top of the height conversion waveguide; the first turn waveguide step, the second turn waveguide step and the first output waveguide are aligned toward each end surface of the central waveguide.

5. The terahertz orthogonal mode coupler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power synthesizer comprises a third branch waveguide, a fourth branch waveguide, a first synthesized waveguide, a second synthesized waveguide, a third synthesized waveguide and a second output waveguide; wherein the input end of the third branch waveguide is connected to the output end of the first branch waveguide, the input end of the fourth branch waveguide is connected to the output end of the second branch waveguide, and the input end of the third branch waveguide is at a second preset angle to the input end of the fourth branch waveguide; the output end of the third branch waveguide and the output end of the fourth branch waveguide are both connected to the input end of the first synthesized waveguide; the first synthesized waveguide, the second synthesized waveguide, the third synthesized waveguide and the second output waveguide are connected in sequence.

6. The terahertz orthogonal mode coupler according to claim 5, characterized in that: Central axes of the first composite waveguide, the second composite waveguide, the third composite waveguide and the second output waveguide overlap with each other.

7. The terahertz orthogonal mode coupler according to claim 5, characterized in that: The heights of the common input square waveguide, the first branch waveguide, the second branch waveguide, the third branch waveguide, the fourth branch waveguide, the first synthetic waveguide, the second synthetic waveguide, the third synthetic waveguide and the second output waveguide are all equal; the height of the third branch waveguide is 1.092 mm, the length of the third branch waveguide is 1.65 mm, and the width of the third branch waveguide is 0.48 mm; the size of the fourth branch waveguide is the same as that of the third branch waveguide; the height of the first synthetic waveguide is 1.092 mm, the length of the first synthetic waveguide is 0.19 mm, and the width of the first synthetic waveguide is 0. 78 mm; the height of the second synthetic waveguide is 1.092 mm, the width of the second synthetic waveguide is smaller than the width of the first synthetic waveguide, the width of the second synthetic waveguide is 0.75 mm, and the length of the second synthetic waveguide is 0.23 mm; the height of the third synthetic waveguide is 1.092 mm, the width of the third synthetic waveguide is smaller than the width of the second synthetic waveguide, the width of the third synthetic waveguide is 0.61 mm, and the length of the third synthetic waveguide is 0.2 mm; the width of the second output waveguide is 0.546 mm, the height of the second output waveguide is 1.092 mm, and the length of the second output waveguide is 1 mm.

8. The terahertz orthogonal mode coupler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The width of the common input square waveguide is 1.092 mm, and the height of the common input square waveguide is 1.092 mm; the narrow side of the transition waveguide is 0.38 mm, the wide side of the transition waveguide is 0.62 mm, the length of the transition waveguide is 0.1 mm, and the height of the transition waveguide is 0.42 mm; the height of the central waveguide is 0.17 mm, the width of the central waveguide is 0.86 mm, and the length of the central waveguide is 0.32 mm; the height of the first branch waveguide is 1.092 mm, the width of the first branch waveguide is 0.48 mm, and the length of the first branch waveguide is 1.45 mm; the size of the second branch waveguide is the same as that of the first branch waveguide.

9. The terahertz orthogonal mode coupler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The common input square waveguide includes a first polarization mode TE 10 mode and the second polarization mode TE 01 mold; The first polarization mode TE 10 mode and the second polarization mode TE 01 The modes are separated based on the ridge waveguide step array, so that the first branch waveguide and the second branch waveguide output horizontal mode signals with equal amplitude and direction.

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