A cold heading process and die for shaft gear standard parts

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of cold heading, and in particular to a cold heading process and mold for shaft gear standard parts, which includes straightening raw material bars, shearing raw material bars, and the clamp arm sequentially sends the sheared materials to the 1# cold heading station, 2# cold heading station, 3# cold heading station, 4# cold heading station, 5# cold heading station, and 6# cold heading station for cold heading extrusion processing, and finally cold heading the sheared materials into shaft gear blank standard parts. The present application has the effect of improving the yield rate of shaft gear standard parts processed by cold heading.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of cold heading processing, and in particular to a cold heading processing technology and a mold for a shaft gear standard part. Background Art

[0002] Cold heading machine is a process that uses metal raw materials for cold heading processing. From metal bars, through multiple cold heading shaping, standard parts that meet the requirements are formed. The equipment that cold heads the metal raw materials in the mold. Cold heading machine is also used to process various standard and non-standard fasteners and auto parts.

[0003] The current cold heading forming machine mainly includes a clamp mechanism and a punch mechanism. The clamp mechanism is the workpiece transfer mechanism of the cold heading forming machine clamping system. When the workpiece is transferred from the previous station to the next station, the clamp can automatically open and close and can flip 180 degrees at the same time, turning the workpiece from the previous station to the next station accurately, completing the workpiece turning processing function. The punch mechanism is the workpiece plastic mechanism of the cold heading forming machine cold heading system. The workpiece is clamped on the fixed die through the clamp mechanism, and then the workpiece is cold headed and plasticized by the punch die to complete the cold heading processing of the shaft gear standard parts.

[0004] However, since metal raw materials have different hardness, when cold heading is performed on hard metal materials, the hard metal materials need to undergo multiple cold heading processes by a die mechanism before they can become plastic. The number and type of traditional cold heading process molds are limited, resulting in a low yield rate for cold headed shaft gear standard parts. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to improve the yield rate of cold-forging shaft gear standard parts, the present application provides a cold-forging process and a mold for shaft gear standard parts.

[0006] In the first aspect, the present application provides a cold heading process for a shaft gear standard part, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A cold heading process for shaft gear standard parts comprises the following steps:

[0008] Straightening the raw material bar. Before the raw material bar with a diameter of 35.5 mm is cold-forging, it is straightened by a straightening device.

[0009] Cut the raw material bar, feed the raw material bar into the cold heading machine body through the feeding module, use the backing module to position the raw material bar, and according to the preset cutting length, the knife plate cuts the long raw material bar into a single section of 65mm long rod-shaped shears;

[0010] The clamp arm sends the sheared material to the 1# cold heading station, and the sheared material is flattened for the first time using the first set of sequential dies. At this time, one end of the sheared material is extruded to form a first extrusion guide hole. After the first set of sequential dies cold heading processing, the overall length of the sheared material is 40.3mm;

[0011] The clamp arm synchronously turns the sheared material 180° after the cold heading process of the first set of sequence dies, and sends it to the 2# cold heading station at the same time, and uses the second set of sequence dies to flatten the sheared material again. At this time, both ends of the sheared material have second extrusion guide holes formed by extrusion, and the overall length of the current sheared material is 36.4mm;

[0012] The fixture arm then synchronously resets and flips the sheared material processed by the second set of sequential dies 180 degrees, and simultaneously sends it to the 3# cold heading station, where the sheared material is extruded for the first time using the third set of sequential dies. The overall length of the current sheared material is 23.4mm and is in a stepped shape.

[0013] The fixture arm then synchronously moves the sheared material processed by the third set of sequential dies to the 4# cold heading station, and uses the fourth set of sequential dies to extrude the sheared material for the second time. At this time, both ends of the sheared material have extruded blind holes, and the overall length of the current sheared material is 22mm, the outer diameter is 68.1mm, and it is in a standard step shape.

[0014] The fixture arm then synchronously moves the sheared material processed by the fourth set of sequential dies to the 5# cold heading station, and uses the fifth set of sequential dies to extrude the sheared material for the third time. At this time, the blind hole depth at both ends of the sheared material increases, and the overall length of the current sheared material is 30.1mm;

[0015] The clamp arm then synchronously moves the sheared material processed by the fifth set of sequence dies to the 6# cold heading station, and uses the sixth set of sequence dies to extrude the sheared material for the fourth time. At this time, both ends of the sheared material are through-set, and the waste is discharged from the sixth set of sequence dies, completing the cold heading processing of the shaft gear blank standard parts, and the current length of the shaft gear blank standard parts is 30.2mm.

[0016] By adopting the above technical scheme, the hard metal raw material rod is first straightened and then enters the cold heading machine body, and then the cold heading machine body cuts the hard metal raw material rod into single-section shears. Since the metal raw material is hard, the single-section shears are first punched and flattened by the first set of sequence dies and the second set of sequence dies, and then the flattened shears are cold headed in sequence by the third set of sequence dies, the fourth set of sequence dies, the fifth set of sequence dies and the sixth set of sequence dies, so as to be extruded into the required shape of the shaft gear blank standard parts, which is beneficial to improve the yield rate of the shaft gear standard parts processed by cold heading.

[0017] On the other hand, the present application also provides a cold heading processing mold for shaft gear standard parts, including the first group of sequence molds, the second group of sequence molds, the third group of sequence molds, the fourth group of sequence molds, the fifth group of sequence molds and the sixth group of sequence molds in the above process.

[0018] By adopting the above technical scheme, the cold heading dies composed of the first group of sequence dies, the second group of sequence dies, the third group of sequence dies, the fourth group of sequence dies, the fifth group of sequence dies and the sixth group of sequence dies can continuously perform cold heading extrusion on the sheared materials, which is beneficial to cold heading extrusion of hard metal raw materials into the required standard parts shape.

[0019] Optionally, the first group of sequence dies includes a sequence punch die and a sequence main die, the sequence punch die includes a sequence upper die, a sequence upper punch back pad and a sequence upper punch rod are arranged in the sequence upper die, and the punch diameter of the sequence upper punch rod is 33.5 mm;

[0020] The first-order main mold includes a first-order lower mold, a first-order lower punch rod is arranged in the first-order lower mold, a first lower mold sleeve is arranged at one end of the first-order lower mold, a first lower mold T-shaped pad is arranged in the first lower mold sleeve, and a punch of the first-order lower punch rod is provided with a first punch platform, the diameter of one end of the first punch platform is 13 mm, and the diameter of the other end of the first punch platform is 34.25 mm.

[0021] By adopting the above technical scheme, the sheared material is clamped on one side of a first-order main die. When the first-order punch die is extruded as a whole in a direction close to the first-order main die, the shape of one end of the sheared material after cold heading and extrusion is the same as the shape of the inner cavity enclosed by the first-order upper punch rod and the first-order upper die, and the shape of the other end of the sheared material after cold heading and extrusion is the same as the shape of the inner cavity enclosed by the first-order lower punch rod and the first-order lower die, thereby completing the first flattening of the sheared material, which is beneficial to improving the stability of the cold heading processing of hard metal raw material bars.

[0022] Optionally, the second group of sequence dies includes a second sequence punch die and a second sequence main die, the second sequence punch die includes a second sequence upper die, a second sequence upper punch back pad and a second sequence upper punch rod are arranged in the second sequence upper die, the rod body diameter of the second sequence upper punch rod is 49.3mm, the punch of the second sequence upper punch rod is provided with a second punch platform, the diameter of one end of the second punch platform is 33.8mm, and the diameter of the other end of the second punch platform is 36.5mm;

[0023] The second-order main mold includes a second-order lower mold, a second-order lower punch rod is arranged in the second-order lower mold, a second lower mold sleeve is arranged at one end of the second-order lower mold, a second lower mold T-shaped pad is arranged in the second lower mold sleeve, and the punch of the second-order lower punch rod is also provided with a second punch platform, and the diameter of one end of the second punch platform is 13 mm, and the diameter of the other end of the second punch platform is 35.8 mm.

[0024] By adopting the above technical scheme, after the shear material is flattened for the first time, the shear material is turned over and moved to one side of the second-order main die. When the second-order punch die is extruded as a whole in a direction close to the second-order main die, the shape of one end of the shear material after cold heading and extrusion is the same as the shape of the inner cavity enclosed by the second-order upper punch rod and the second-order upper die, and the shape of the other end of the shear material after cold heading and extrusion is the same as the shape of the inner cavity enclosed by the second-order lower punch rod and the second-order lower die, thereby completing the second flattening of the shear material, making the shear material closer to the specification size of the standard part, and thus helping to improve the stability of the cold heading processing of hard metal raw material bars.

[0025] Optionally, the third group of sequence dies includes a three-sequence punch die and a three-sequence main die, the three-sequence punch die includes a three-sequence upper die, a three-sequence upper punch back pad and a three-sequence upper punch rod are arranged in the three-sequence upper die, and the rod body diameter of the three-sequence upper punch rod is 68 mm;

[0026] The three-sequence main mold includes a three-sequence lower mold, a three-sequence lower punch rod is arranged in the three-sequence lower mold, a third lower mold sleeve is arranged at one end of the three-sequence lower mold, a third lower mold T-shaped pad is arranged in the third lower mold sleeve, and the punch of the three-sequence lower punch rod is provided with a third punch platform, the diameter of one end of the third punch platform is 16 mm, and the diameter of the other end of the third punch platform is 36.5 mm.

[0027] By adopting the above technical scheme, after the shear material is flattened for the second time, it is reset, flipped over and moved to one side of the three-sequence main die. When the three-sequence punch die is extruded as a whole in a direction close to the three-sequence main die, the shape of one end of the shear material after cold heading and extrusion is the same as the shape of the inner cavity enclosed by the three-sequence upper punch rod and the three-sequence upper die, and the shape of the other end of the shear material after cold heading and extrusion is the same as the shape of the inner cavity enclosed by the three-sequence lower punch rod and the three-sequence lower die, thereby completing the first standard part forming of the shear material, making the shape of the shear material closer to the shape of the standard part, and further facilitating improving the stability of the cold heading processing of hard metal raw material bars.

[0028] Optionally, the fourth group of sequence dies includes a four-sequence punch die and a four-sequence main die, the four-sequence punch die includes a four-sequence upper die, a four-sequence upper punch back pad and a four-sequence first upper punch rod are arranged in the four-sequence upper die, and a four-sequence second upper punch rod is arranged in the four-sequence first upper punch rod;

[0029] The four-sequence main mold includes a four-sequence lower mold, in which a four-sequence lower punch rod and a fourth lower mold cushion block are arranged, one end of the four-sequence lower mold is provided with a fourth lower mold rear cushion sleeve, and the fourth lower mold sleeve second needle seat and the fourth lower mold third needle seat are arranged in the fourth lower mold rear cushion sleeve, and the punches of the four-sequence first upper punch rod and the four-sequence lower punch rod are respectively fixedly installed with a fourth punch platform.

[0030] By adopting the above technical scheme, after the shearing material completes the first standard part forming, the shearing material is translated to one side of the four-sequence main die. When the four-sequence punch die is extruded as a whole in the direction close to the four-sequence main die, the shape of one end of the shearing material after cold heading extrusion is the same as the shape of the inner cavity enclosed by the four-sequence upper punch rod and the four-sequence upper die, and the shape of the other end of the shearing material after cold heading extrusion is the same as the shape of the inner cavity enclosed by the four-sequence lower punch rod and the four-sequence lower die, thereby completing the second standard part forming of the shearing material and making the shape of the shearing material closer to the shape of the standard part. The second needle seat of the fourth lower die sleeve and the third needle seat of the fourth lower die sleeve are beneficial to push the shearing material out through the four-sequence lower punch rod after the cold heading process of the shearing material is completed, thereby helping to improve the stability of the cold heading process of the hard metal raw material bar.

[0031] Optionally, the fifth group of sequence dies includes a five-sequence punch die and a five-sequence main die, the five-sequence punch die includes a five-sequence upper die, and a five-sequence upper punch rod and a five-sequence upper punch back pad are arranged in the five-sequence upper die;

[0032] The five-sequence main mold includes a five-sequence lower mold, in which a five-sequence lower punch rod and a five-sequence lower mold pad are arranged, one end of the five-sequence lower mold is provided with a fifth lower mold rear cushion sleeve, and the fifth lower mold sleeve second needle seat and the fifth lower mold third needle seat are arranged in the fifth lower mold rear cushion sleeve, and the punches of the five-sequence upper punch rod and the five-sequence lower punch rod are respectively fixedly installed with the fifth punch platform.

[0033] By adopting the above technical scheme, after the shearing material completes the second standard part forming, the shearing material is flattened on one side of the first to fifth sequence main molds. When the fifth sequence punch die is extruded as a whole in the direction close to the fifth sequence main mold, the shape of one end of the shearing material after cold heading extrusion is the same as the end face shape of the fifth sequence upper punch bar, and the shape of the other end of the shearing material after cold heading extrusion is the same as the shape of the inner cavity enclosed by the fifth sequence lower punch bar and the fifth sequence lower mold, thereby completing the third standard part forming of the shearing material and increasing the depth of the blind hole in the shearing material. The second needle seat of the fifth sequence lower mold sleeve and the third needle seat of the fifth sequence lower mold sleeve are beneficial to push the shearing material out through the fifth sequence lower mold sleeve after the cold heading process of the shearing material is completed, thereby helping to improve the stability of the cold heading process of the hard metal raw material bar.

[0034] Optionally, the sixth group of sequence dies includes a six-sequence punch die and a six-sequence main die, the six-sequence punch die includes a six-sequence upper die, and a six-sequence upper punch rod and a six-sequence upper punch back pad are arranged in the six-sequence upper die;

[0035] The six-sequence main mold includes a six-sequence lower mold, in which a six-core lower mold movable punch, a six-sequence lower punch rod, a six-sequence lower punch sleeve, a six-sequence lower mold spring seat, a sixth lower mold sleeve two-needle seat and a sixth lower mold three-needle seat are arranged in sequence, and the punch of the six-sequence lower punch rod is fixedly installed with a sixth punch platform.

[0036] By adopting the above technical scheme, after the shearing material completes the third standard part forming, the shearing material is translated to one side of the six-sequence main mold. When the six-sequence punch die is extruded in the direction close to the six-sequence main mold, the waste material in the shearing material is squeezed out with the cooperation of the six-sequence main mold. Then, the shearing material is pushed out through the cooperation of the six-core lower mold movable punch core, the six-sequence lower punch rod, the six-sequence lower punch sleeve, the six-sequence lower mold spring seat, the six-sequence lower mold sleeve two-needle seat and the six-sequence lower mold sleeve three-needle seat, thereby completing the cold heading processing of the shaft gear blank standard part.

[0037] Optionally, a material introduction groove is provided at one end of the six-sequence upper punch rod, and a material discharge groove is provided on the side wall of the six-sequence upper punch rod, and the material introduction groove is connected to the material discharge groove.

[0038] By adopting the above technical scheme, with the cooperation of the six-sequence main mold, the waste is first collected into the feed chute after being extruded, and when the waste moves into the discharge chute, the waste is discharged from the discharge chute under its own gravity, which is conducive to improving the convenience of waste discharge.

[0039] In summary, this application includes the following beneficial technical effects:

[0040] The hard metal raw material rod is first straightened and then enters the cold heading machine body, and then the cold heading machine body cuts the hard metal raw material rod into single-section shears. Since the metal raw material is hard, the single-section shears are first punched and flattened by the first set of sequence dies and the second set of sequence dies, and then the flattened shears are cold headed in turn by the third set of sequence dies, the fourth set of sequence dies and the fifth set of sequence dies, so as to be extruded into the required shape of the shaft gear blank standard parts, which is beneficial to improve the yield rate of the shaft gear standard parts processed by cold heading. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 This is a process diagram of the sheared material of the present application passing through the 1# cold heading station to the 3# cold heading station;

[0042] Figure 2 This is a process diagram of the sheared material of the present application passing through the 4# cold heading station to the 6# cold heading station;

[0043] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the first set of sequence molds of this application;

[0044] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly of a first-order punch die and a first-order main die of the present application;

[0045] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the second group of sequence molds of the present application;

[0046] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the second-order punch die and the second-order main die of the present application;

[0047] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the third group of sequence molds of the present application;

[0048] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the three-sequence punch die and the three-sequence main die of the present application;

[0049] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the fourth group of sequence molds of the present application;

[0050] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the four-sequence punch die and the four-sequence main die of the present application;

[0051] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the fifth group of sequence molds of the present application;

[0052] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the five-sequence punch die and the five-sequence main die of the present application;

[0053] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the sixth group of sequence molds of the present application;

[0054] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the six-sequence punch die and the six-sequence main die of the present application.

[0055] Description of reference numerals: 1, first group of sequence dies; 2, first extrusion guide hole; 3, second group of sequence dies; 4, second extrusion guide hole; 5, third group of sequence dies; 6, third extrusion guide hole; 7, fourth group of sequence dies; 8, blind hole; 9, fifth group of sequence dies; 10, sixth group of sequence dies; 11, first-order punching die; 12, first-order main die; 13, first-order upper die; 14, first-order upper punch rod; 15, first-order upper punch back pad; 16, first-order lower die; 17, first-order lower punch rod; 18, first lower die sleeve; 19, first lower die T-type pad; 20, first punch platform; 21, second-order punching die; 22. Second-order main die; 23. Second-order upper die; 24. Second-order upper punch rod; 25. Second-order upper punch back pad; 26. Second-order lower die; 27. Second-order lower punch rod; 28. Second lower die sleeve; 29. ​​Second lower die T-shaped pad; 30. Second punch platform; 31. Third-order die; 32. Third-order main die; 33. Third-order upper die; 34. Third-order upper punch rod; 35. Third-order upper punch back pad; 36. Third-order lower die; 37. Third-order lower punch rod; 38. Third lower die sleeve; 39. Third lower die T-shaped pad; 40. Third punch platform; 41. Fourth-order die; 42. Fourth-order main die; 43. Four-sequence upper die; 44. Four-sequence upper punch back pad; 45. Four-sequence first upper punch rod; 46. Four-sequence second upper punch rod; 47. Four-sequence lower die; 48. Four-sequence lower punch rod; 49. Fourth lower die cushion block; 50. Fourth lower die back cushion sleeve; 51. Fourth punch platform; 52. Fourth lower die sleeve second needle seat; 53. Fourth lower die third needle seat; 54. Five-sequence punch die; 55. Five-sequence main die; 56. Five-sequence upper die; 57. Five-sequence upper punch rod; 58. Five-sequence upper punch back pad; 59. Five-sequence lower die; 60. Five-sequence lower punch rod; 61. Fifth lower die cushion block; 62. Fifth The rear cushion sleeve of the lower die; 63, the second needle seat of the fifth lower die sleeve; 64, the third needle seat of the fifth lower die; 65, the fifth punch platform; 66, the sixth-sequence punch die; 67, the sixth-sequence main die; 68, the sixth-sequence upper die; 69, the sixth-sequence upper punch rod; 70, the rear cushion of the sixth-sequence upper punch; 71, the sixth-sequence lower die; 72, the sixth-sequence lower punch rod; 73, the cushion block of the sixth lower die; 74, the sixth lower punch sleeve; 75, the second needle seat of the sixth lower die sleeve; 76, the sixth lower die spring seat; 77, the sixth lower die movable punch core; 78, the third needle seat of the sixth lower die; 79, the sixth punch platform; 80, the material guide trough; 81, the material discharge trough. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] The following is combined with Figure 1-14 This application is described in further detail.

[0057] Example:

[0058] First, see Figure 1-Figure 14 This embodiment provides a cold heading process for a shaft gear standard part, which includes the following steps:

[0059] S1: Prepare the raw material bar, which is made of hard metal with a diameter of 35.5mm. Before the metal raw material bar is cold headed, it is straightened by a straightening device to improve the yield rate of subsequent shaft gear blank standard parts processing;

[0060] S2: Cut the raw material bar. The cold heading machine is equipped with a feed module, a backing module and a knife plate. The feed module is used to feed the raw material bar into the cold heading machine. The backing module is used to locate the length of the raw material bar extending into the cold heading station. According to the preset length of the raw material bar extending into the cold heading station, the baffle is used to cut the raw material bar. After cutting, the length of a single section of the sheared material is 65mm and the weight is 497g.

[0061] S3: The cold heading machine body is also equipped with a movable and rotating clamp arm and multiple sets of sequence dies. The clamp arm is used to send the sheared material to the 1# cold heading station, and the first set of sequence dies 1 squeezes and flattens the sheared material for the first time;

[0062] After the shearing material is first extruded and flattened, the total length of the current shearing material is 40.3mm, and the current shearing material is divided into three sections: the first section is in the shape of a truncated cone, the diameters of the two ends of the truncated cone are 33.6mm and 49.2mm respectively, and the length of the truncated cone is 8.2mm; the second section is in the shape of a cylinder, the diameter of the cylinder is 49.2mm, and the length of the cylinder is 18.1mm; the third section is in the shape of a truncated cone with an arc-shaped side, the diameters of the two ends of the truncated cone are 34.3mm and 49.2mm respectively, and the length of the truncated cone is 14mm, and the extrusion molding of the truncated cone has a first extrusion guide hole 2;

[0063] S4: The sheared material is turned 180° by the clamp arm and sent to the 2# cold heading station at the same time. The sheared material is flattened again by the second set of sequence dies 3;

[0064] After the cut material is squeezed and flattened again, the total length of the current cut material is 36.4 mm and the outer diameter is 49.4 mm. The four end corners of the cut material are all provided with rounded corners, and the two ends of the cut material are extruded to form a second extrusion guide hole 4;

[0065] S5: The sheared material is reset and turned 180° by the clamp arm, and sent to the 3# cold heading station at the same time. The sheared material is extruded and formed for the first time using the third set of sequential dies 5;

[0066] After the first extrusion molding of the cut material, the total length of the current cut material is 23.4 mm, the cut material is in a stepped shape, the outer diameter is 67.5 mm, and one end of the cut material is extruded to form a third extrusion guide hole 6;

[0067] S6: The sheared material is synchronously translated to the 4# cold heading station by the clamp arm, and the sheared material is extruded for the second time by the fourth group of sequential dies 7;

[0068] After the second extrusion of the cut material, the total length of the current cut material is 22 mm, the cut material is in a standard step shape, the diameter of the first step is 68.1 mm, the diameter of the second step is 49.9 mm, and blind holes 8 are extruded at both ends of the cut material;

[0069] S7: The sheared material is synchronously transferred to the 5# cold heading station by the clamp arm, and the sheared material is extruded for the third time by the fifth group of sequential dies 9;

[0070] After the third extrusion molding of the sheared material, the total length of the current sheared material is 30.1 mm, and the sheared material is also in a standard step shape, with a diameter of 50 mm for the first step and a diameter of 68.7 mm for the second step, and the blind holes 8 at both ends of the sheared material have increased depth;

[0071] S8: The sheared material is finally synchronously transferred to the 6# cold heading station by the clamp arm, and the sheared material is extruded for the fourth time by the sixth set of sequential dies 10;

[0072] After the fourth extrusion molding of the sheared material, the total length of the current sheared material is 30.2mm, the sheared material has completed the cold heading process, and the current sheared material is a standard part of the shaft gear blank. The sheared material is also in a standard step shape, the diameter of the first step is 50mm, the diameter of the second step is 68.9mm, and the blind hole 8 of the sheared material is through.

[0073] After two times of extrusion and flattening, it is beneficial to cold-forge the long and hard single-section sheared material to a length close to the shaft gear blank standard part. Then, after four consecutive extrusions, the sheared material is extruded into the required shape of the shaft gear blank standard part, thereby improving the yield rate of the shaft gear standard parts processed by cold forging.

[0074] On the other hand, the present embodiment also provides a cold heading processing die for shaft gear standard parts, including the first group of sequence dies 1, the second group of sequence dies 3, the third group of sequence dies 5, the fourth group of sequence dies 7, the fifth group of sequence dies 9 and the sixth group of sequence dies 10 in the above-mentioned cold heading processing process.

[0075] Among them, see Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 The first set of sequential dies 1 includes a first-order punch die 11 and a first-order main die 12. The first-order punch die 11 is pressed toward the first-order main die 12, so that the cut material is pressed into a shape enclosed by the first-order punch die 11 and the first-order main die 12.

[0076] The first-order punch die 11 includes a first-order upper die 13, a first-order upper punch rod 14 and a first-order upper punch back pad 15, which are fixedly installed in the first-order upper die 13. The first-order upper punch back pad 15 is used to support the first-order upper punch rod 14, the punch head diameter of the first-order upper punch rod 14 is 33.5 mm, and the first-order upper punch rod 14 and the first-order upper die 13 enclose an extrusion cavity, which has the same size as the first section of the sheared material in step S3.

[0077] The first-order main die 12 includes a first-order lower die 16, a first-order lower punch 17, a first lower die sleeve 18 and a first lower die T-shaped pad 19. The first-order lower punch 17 is slidably installed in the first-order lower die 16, the first lower die sleeve 18 is fixedly installed at one end of the first-order lower die 16, and the first lower die T-shaped pad 19 is slidably installed in the first lower die sleeve 18. The first lower punch 17 can be driven to move by the first lower die T-shaped pad 19, so as to push out the sheared material extruded into the first-order lower die 16 by cold heading. The punch of the first-order lower punch 17 is fixedly installed with a first punch platform 20, and the first punch platform corresponds to the shape of the first extrusion guide hole 2. The extrusion cavity enclosed by the first-order lower die 16 and the first-order lower punch 17 has the same size as the second and third sections of the sheared material in step S3.

[0078] For details, see Figure 1 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 The second set of sequential dies 3 includes a second sequential punch die 21 and a second sequential main die 22 . The second sequential punch die 21 is pressed toward the second sequential main die 22 , so that the sheared material is pressed into a shape enclosed by the second sequential punch die 21 and the second sequential main die 22 .

[0079] The second-order punch die 21 includes a second-order upper die 23 , a second-order upper punch rod 24 and a second-order upper punch back pad 25 . The second-order upper punch rod 24 and the second-order upper punch back pad 25 are both fixedly installed in the second-order upper die 23 , and the second-order upper punch rod 24 protrudes out of the second-order upper die 23 .

[0080] The second-order main die 22 includes a second-order lower die 26, a second-order lower punch 27, a second lower die sleeve 28 and a second lower die T-shaped pad 29. The second-order lower punch 27 is slidably installed in the second-order lower die 26, the second lower die sleeve 28 is fixedly installed at one end of the second-order lower die 26, and the second lower die T-shaped pad 29 is slidably installed in the second lower die sleeve 28. The second lower punch 27 can be driven to move by the second lower die T-shaped pad 29, so as to push out the sheared material extruded into the second-order lower die 26 by cold heading. The punches of the second-order upper punch 24 and the second-order lower punch 27 are respectively fixedly installed with a second punching platform 30, and the second punching platform 30 corresponds to the shape of the second extrusion guide hole 4. The extrusion cavity enclosed by the second-order upper punch 24, the second-order lower die 26 and the second-order lower punch 27 has the same size as the sheared material in step S4.

[0081] For details, see Figure 1 , Figure 7 and Figure 8The third group of sequence dies 5 includes a three-sequence punch die 31 and a three-sequence main die 32. The three-sequence punch die 31 is pressed toward the three-sequence main die 32, so that the sheared material is pressed into a shape enclosed by the three-sequence punch die 31 and the three-sequence main die 32.

[0082] The three-sequence punch die 31 includes a three-sequence upper die 33, a three-sequence upper punch rod 34 and a three-sequence upper punch rear pad 35. The three-sequence upper punch rod 34 and the three-sequence upper punch rear pad 35 are both fixedly installed in the three-sequence upper die 33, and the three-sequence upper punch rod 34 protrudes out of the three-sequence upper die 33.

[0083] The three-sequence main die 32 includes a three-sequence lower die 36, a three-sequence lower punch 37, a third lower die sleeve 38 and a third lower die T-shaped pad 39. The three-sequence lower punch 37 is slidably installed in the three-sequence lower die 36, the third lower die sleeve 38 is fixedly installed at one end of the three-sequence lower die 36, and the third lower die T-shaped pad 39 is slidably installed in the third lower die sleeve 38. The three-sequence lower punch 37 can be driven to move by the third lower die T-shaped pad 39, so as to push out the sheared material extruded into the three-sequence lower die 36 by cold heading. The punch of the three-sequence lower punch 37 is fixedly installed with a third punch platform 40, and the third punch platform 40 corresponds to the shape of the third extrusion guide hole 6. The extrusion cavity formed by the three-sequence upper punch 34, the three-sequence lower die 36 and the three-sequence lower punch 37 has the same size as the sheared material in step S5.

[0084] For details, see Figure 2 , Fig. 9 and Fig.10 The fourth group of sequence dies 7 includes a four-sequence punch die 41 and a four-sequence main die 42. The four-sequence punch die 41 is extruded toward the four-sequence main die 42, so that the shear material is extruded into a shape enclosed by the four-sequence punch die 41 and the four-sequence main die 42.

[0085] The four-sequence punch die 41 includes a four-sequence upper die 43, a four-sequence upper punch back pad 44, a four-sequence first upper punch rod 45, and a four-sequence second upper punch rod 46. The four-sequence upper punch back pad 44, the four-sequence first upper punch rod 45, and the four-sequence second upper punch rod 46 are all fixedly installed in the four-sequence upper die 43, the four-sequence second upper punch rod 46 is fixedly sleeved on the outer side wall of the four-sequence first upper punch rod 45, the four-sequence second upper punch rod 46 extends outside the four-sequence upper die 43, and the four-sequence first upper punch rod 45 extends outside the four-sequence second upper punch rod 46.

[0086] The four-sequence main mold 42 includes a four-sequence lower mold 47, a four-sequence lower punch 48, a fourth lower mold cushion block 49 and a fourth lower mold rear cushion sleeve 50. The fourth lower mold cushion block 49 is fixedly mounted on one end of the four-sequence lower punch 48, and the four-sequence lower punch 48 is slidably mounted in the four-sequence lower mold 47 through the fourth lower mold cushion block 49. The fourth lower mold rear cushion sleeve 50 is fixedly mounted on one end of the four-sequence lower mold 47, and the fourth lower mold sleeve second needle seat 52 and the fourth lower mold third needle seat 53 are slidably mounted in the fourth lower mold rear cushion sleeve 50. The fourth lower mold sleeve second needle seat 52 and the fourth lower mold third needle seat 53 are used to push out the four-sequence lower punch 48. The punches of the four-sequence first upper punch 45 and the four-sequence lower punch 48 are respectively fixedly mounted with a fourth punch platform 51, and the fourth punch platform 51 corresponds to the shape of the blind hole 8. The extrusion cavity formed by the four-sequence first upper punch 45, the four-sequence second upper punch 46, the four-sequence lower die 47 and the four-sequence lower punch 48 has the same size as the material cut in step S6.

[0087] For details, see Figure 2 , Fig.11 and Fig.12 The fifth group of sequence dies 9 includes a five-sequence punch die 54 and a five-sequence main die 55. The five-sequence punch die 54 is extruded in the direction of the five-sequence main die 55, so that the shear material is extruded into a shape enclosed by the five-sequence punch die 54 and the five-sequence main die 55.

[0088] The five-sequence punch die 54 includes a five-sequence upper die 56, a five-sequence upper punch rod 57 and a five-sequence upper punch back pad 58, and the five-sequence upper punch rod 57 and the five-sequence upper punch back pad 58 are fixedly installed in the five-sequence upper die 56. The five-sequence upper punch rod 57 extends outside the five-sequence upper die 56.

[0089] The five-sequence main mold 55 includes a five-sequence lower mold 59, a five-sequence lower punch 60, a fifth lower mold cushion block 61 and a fifth lower mold rear cushion sleeve 62. The fifth lower mold cushion block 61 is fixedly mounted on one end of the five-sequence lower punch 60, and the five-sequence lower punch 60 is slidably mounted in the five-sequence lower mold 59 through the fifth lower mold cushion block 61. The fifth lower mold rear cushion sleeve 62 is fixedly mounted on one end of the five-sequence lower mold 59, and the fifth lower mold sleeve second needle seat 63 and the fifth lower mold third needle seat 64 are slidably mounted in the fifth lower mold rear cushion sleeve 62. The fifth lower mold sleeve second needle seat 63 and the fifth lower mold third needle seat 64 are used to push out the five-sequence lower punch 60. The punches of the five-sequence upper punch 57 and the five-sequence lower punch 60 are respectively fixedly mounted with the fifth punch platform 65, and the fifth punch platform 65 is used to deepen the depth of the blind hole 8, and the fifth punch platform 65 corresponds to the shape of the blind hole 8. The extrusion cavity formed by the five-sequence upper punch 57, the five-sequence lower die 59 and the five-sequence lower punch 60 has the same size as the material cut in step S7.

[0090] For details, see Figure 2 , Fig.13 and Fig.14The sixth group of sequence dies 10 includes a six-sequence punch die 66 and a six-sequence main die 67. The six-sequence punch die 66 and the six-sequence main die 67 extrude in the direction so that the sheared material is extruded into a shape enclosed by the six-sequence punch die 66 and the six-sequence main die 67, and the waste material is extruded and discharged.

[0091] The six-sequence punch die 66 includes a six-sequence upper die 68 , a six-sequence upper punch rod 69 and a six-sequence upper punch rear pad 70 . The six-sequence upper punch rod 69 and the six-sequence upper punch rear pad 70 are both fixedly installed in the six-sequence upper die 68 , and the six-sequence upper punch rod 69 extends outside the six-sequence upper die 68 .

[0092] The six-sequence main mold 67 includes a six-sequence lower mold 71, a six-sequence lower punch 72, a sixth lower mold cushion block 73, a sixth lower punch sleeve 74, a sixth lower mold sleeve second needle seat 75, a sixth lower mold spring seat 76, a sixth lower mold movable punch core 77 and a sixth lower mold three-needle seat 78. Under the cooperation of the sixth lower mold cushion block 73, the sixth lower punch sleeve 74, the sixth lower mold sleeve second needle seat 75, the sixth lower mold spring seat 76, the sixth lower mold movable punch core 77 and the sixth lower mold three-needle seat 78, the six-sequence punch is driven to push the sheared material out of the six-sequence lower mold 71. The punch of the six-sequence lower punch 72 is fixedly installed with a sixth punch platform 79, which is used to penetrate the blind hole 8 so that the middle part of the sheared material is penetrated. The extrusion cavity enclosed by the six-sequence upper punch 69, the sixth lower mold movable punch core 77 and the six-sequence lower punch 72 has the same size as the standard part of the shaft gear blank in step S8.

[0093] It is worth noting that see Fig.14 A material introduction groove 80 is provided at one end of the six-sequence upper punch rod 69 extending outside the six-sequence punch die 66, and a material discharge groove 81 is also provided on the side wall of the six-sequence upper punch rod 69, and the material introduction groove 80 is connected to the material discharge groove 81.

[0094] Working principle of a cold heading die for standard shaft gear parts:

[0095] When the raw material rod is cut into a single section with a length of 65mm, the shear is translated into the 1# cold heading station by the clamp arm, and the first-order punch die 11 is cold-forged and extruded in the direction of the first-order main die 12 to perform the initial flattening process. The current total length of the shear is 40.3mm, and it is divided into three sections: the first section is in the shape of a truncated cone, and the diameters of the two ends of the cone are 33.6mm and 49.2mm respectively, and the length of the cone is 8.2mm; the second section is in the shape of a cylinder, and the diameter of the cylinder is 49.2mm, and the length of the cylinder is 18.1mm; the third section is in the shape of a truncated cone with an arc-shaped side, and the diameters of the two ends of the cone are 34.3mm and 49.2mmm respectively, and the length of the cone is 14mm, and the extrusion molding of the cone has a first extrusion guide hole 2.

[0096] After the processing in the 1# cold heading station is completed, the first-order lower punch 17 pushes the sheared material out, and the clamp arm synchronously flips the sheared material 180° and then moves it horizontally to the 2# cold heading station. The second-order punch die 21 cold-forges and extrudes in the direction of the second-order main die 22, and then flattens the material for the second time, so that the length of the sheared material is closer to the completion standard. The total length of the current sheared material is 36.4mm and the outer diameter is 49.4mm. The four end corners of the sheared material are all provided with rounded corners, and the two ends of the sheared material are extruded with a second extrusion guide hole 4.

[0097] After the processing in the 2# cold heading station, the second-order lower punch 27 pushes the sheared material out, and the clamp arm synchronously resets the sheared material and flips it 180° before moving it horizontally to the 3# cold heading station. The third-order punch 31 cold-forges and extrudes in the direction of the third-order main die 32 to perform the first extrusion molding operation. The total length of the current sheared material is 23.4mm, the sheared material is in a stepped shape, the outer diameter is 67.5mm, and one end of the sheared material is extruded to form the third extrusion guide hole 6.

[0098] After the processing at the 3# cold heading station is completed, the 3# lower punch 37 pushes the sheared material out, and the clamp arm synchronously moves the sheared material to the 4# cold heading station. The 4# punch die 41 cold heads the 4# main die 42 to perform the second extrusion molding operation. The total length of the current sheared material is 22mm, and the sheared material is in a standard step shape, with a diameter of 68.1mm for the first step and 49.9mm for the second step, and blind holes 8 are extruded at both ends of the sheared material.

[0099] After the processing at the 4# cold heading station is completed, the 4# lower punch 48 pushes the sheared material out, and the clamp arm synchronously moves the sheared material to the 5# cold heading station. The 5# punch die 54 cold heads the sheared material toward the 5# main die 55 to perform the third extrusion molding operation. The total length of the current sheared material is 30.1mm, and the sheared material is also in a standard step shape, with a diameter of 50mm for the first step and 68.7mm for the second step, and the blind holes 8 at both ends of the sheared material have increased depth.

[0100] After the processing of the 5# cold heading station is completed, the 5# lower punch 60 pushes the sheared material out, and the clamp arm synchronously moves the sheared material to the 6# cold heading station. The 6# punch die 66 cold heads the 6# main die 67 to perform the fourth extrusion molding operation. The total length of the current sheared material is 30.2, the sheared material has completed the cold heading process, and the current sheared material is the standard part of the shaft gear blank. The sheared material is also in a standard step shape, the diameter of the first step is 50mm, the diameter of the second step is 68.9mm, and the blind hole 8 of the sheared material is through.

[0101] In summary, after two times of extrusion and flattening, it is beneficial to cold-forge the long and hard single-section sheared material to a length close to the shaft gear blank standard part. Then, after four consecutive extrusions, the sheared material is extruded into the required shape of the shaft gear blank standard part, thereby improving the yield rate of the shaft gear standard part processed by cold forging.

[0102] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A cold heading process for shaft gear standard parts, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: Prepare a raw material bar, which is made of hard metal and has a diameter of 35.5 mm. The raw material bar is straightened by a straightening device before cold heading to improve the yield rate of subsequent shaft gear blank standard parts processing; S2: Cut the raw material bar. The cold heading machine is equipped with a feed module, a backing module and a knife plate. The feed module is used to feed the raw material bar into the cold heading machine. The backing module is used to locate the length of the raw material bar extending into the cold heading station. According to the preset length of the raw material bar extending into the cold heading station, the baffle is used to cut the raw material bar. The length of a single section of the sheared material is 65mm and the weight is 497g. S3: The cold heading machine body is also equipped with a movable and rotatable clamp arm and multiple sets of sequence dies. The clamp arm is used to send the sheared material to the 1# cold heading station, and at the same time, the first set of sequence dies (1) squeezes and flattens the sheared material for the first time; After the sheared material is initially extruded and flattened, the total length of the current sheared material is 40.3 mm, and the current sheared material is divided into three sections: the first section is in the shape of a truncated cone, the diameters of the two ends of the cone are 33.6 mm and 49.2 mm respectively, and the length of the cone is 8.2 mm; the second section is in the shape of a cylinder, the diameter of the cylinder is 49.2 mm, and the length of the cylinder is 18.1 mm; the third section is in the shape of a truncated cone with an arc-shaped side, the diameters of the two ends of the cone are 34.3 mm and 49.2 mm respectively, and the length of the cone is 14 mm, and the extrusion molding of the cone has a first extrusion guide hole (2); S4: The sheared material is turned 180° by the clamp arm and simultaneously sent to the 2# cold heading station, and the sheared material is flattened again by the second set of sequence dies (3); After the cut material is squeezed and flattened again, the total length of the current cut material is 36.4 mm, the outer diameter is 49.4 mm, the four end corners of the cut material are all provided with rounded corners, and the two ends of the cut material are extruded to form a second extrusion guide hole (4); S5: The sheared material is reset and turned 180° by the clamp arm, and simultaneously sent to the 3# cold heading station, and the sheared material is extruded and formed for the first time by the third set of sequential dies (5); After the first extrusion molding of the cut material, the total length of the current cut material is 23.4 mm, the cut material is in a stepped shape, the outer diameter is 67.5 mm, and one end of the cut material is extruded to form a third extrusion guide hole (6); S6: The sheared material is synchronously translated to the 4# cold heading station by the clamp arm, and the sheared material is extruded for the second time by the fourth set of sequential dies (7); After the second extrusion molding of the cut material, the total length of the current cut material is 22 mm, the cut material is in a standard step shape, the diameter of the first step is 68.1 mm, the diameter of the second step is 49.9 mm, and blind holes (8) are extruded at both ends of the cut material; S7: The sheared material is synchronously moved horizontally to the 5# cold heading station by the clamp arm, and the sheared material is extruded for the third time by the fifth set of sequential dies (9); After the third extrusion molding of the sheared material, the total length of the current sheared material is 30.1 mm, and the sheared material is also in a standard step shape, with a diameter of 50 mm for the first step and a diameter of 68.7 mm for the second step, and the blind holes (8) at both ends of the sheared material have increased hole depths; S8: The sheared material is finally synchronously transferred to the 6# cold heading station by the clamp arm, and the sheared material is extruded and formed for the fourth time by the sixth set of sequential dies (10); After the fourth extrusion molding of the sheared material, the total length of the current sheared material is 30.2 mm, the sheared material has completed the cold heading process, and the current sheared material is a standard part of the shaft gear blank. The sheared material also has a standard step shape, the diameter of the first step is 50 mm, the diameter of the second step is 68.9 mm, and the blind hole (8) of the sheared material is through; The cold heading process of the shaft gear standard part also includes a cold heading die, and the cold heading die includes the first group of sequence dies (1), the second group of sequence dies (3), the third group of sequence dies (5), the fourth group of sequence dies (7), the fifth group of sequence dies (9) and the sixth group of sequence dies (10) in the above process; The first group of sequence dies (1) comprises a sequence punch die (11) and a sequence main die (12), the sequence punch die (11) comprises a sequence upper die (13), a sequence upper punch back pad (15) and a sequence upper punch rod (14) are arranged in the sequence upper die (13), and the punch diameter of the sequence upper punch rod (14) is 33.5 mm; The first-order main die (12) comprises a first-order lower die (16), a first-order lower punch (17) is arranged inside the first-order lower die (16), a first lower die sleeve (18) is arranged at one end of the first-order lower die (16), a first lower die T-shaped pad (19) is arranged inside the first lower die sleeve (18), a punch of the first-order lower punch (17) is provided with a first punch platform (20), a diameter of one end of the first punch platform (20) is 13 mm, and a diameter of the other end of the first punch platform (20) is 34.25 mm; The second group of sequence dies (3) comprises a second sequence punch die (21) and a second sequence main die (22), the second sequence punch die (21) comprises a second sequence upper die (23), a second sequence upper punch back pad (25) and a second sequence upper punch rod (24) are arranged in the second sequence upper die (23), the rod body diameter of the second sequence upper punch rod (24) is 49.3 mm, the punch of the second sequence upper punch rod (24) is provided with a second punch platform (30), the diameter of one end of the second punch platform (30) is 33.8 mm, and the diameter of the other end of the second punch platform (30) is 36.5 mm; The second-order main die (22) comprises a second-order lower die (26), a second-order lower punch rod (27) is arranged in the second-order lower die (26), a second lower die sleeve (28) is arranged at one end of the second-order lower die (26), a second lower die T-shaped pad (29) is arranged in the second lower die sleeve (28), and the punch of the second-order lower punch rod (27) is also provided with a second punch platform (30), and the diameter of one end of the second punch platform (30) is 13 mm, and the diameter of the other end of the second punch platform (30) is 35.8 mm; The third group of sequence dies (5) comprises a three-sequence punch die (31) and a three-sequence main die (32), the three-sequence punch die (31) comprises a three-sequence upper die (33), a three-sequence upper punch back pad (35) and a three-sequence upper punch rod (34) are arranged in the three-sequence upper die (33), and the rod body diameter of the three-sequence upper punch rod (34) is 68 mm; The three-sequence main die (32) comprises a three-sequence lower die (36), a three-sequence lower punch (37) is arranged in the three-sequence lower die (36), a third lower die sleeve (38) is arranged at one end of the three-sequence lower die (36), a third lower die T-shaped pad (39) is arranged in the third lower die sleeve (38), a punch of the three-sequence lower punch (37) is provided with a third punch platform (40), a diameter of one end of the third punch platform (40) is 16 mm, and a diameter of the other end of the third punch platform (40) is 36.5 mm; The fourth group of sequence dies (7) comprises a four-sequence punch die (41) and a four-sequence main die (42), the four-sequence punch die (41) comprises a four-sequence upper die (43), a four-sequence upper punch back pad (44) and a four-sequence first upper punch rod (45) are arranged in the four-sequence upper die (43), and a four-sequence second upper punch rod (46) is arranged in the four-sequence first upper punch rod (45); The four-sequence main mold (42) comprises a four-sequence lower mold (47), a four-sequence lower punch (48) and a fourth lower mold cushion block (49) are arranged in the four-sequence lower mold (47), a fourth lower mold rear cushion sleeve (50) is arranged at one end of the four-sequence lower mold (47), a fourth lower mold sleeve second needle seat (52) and a fourth lower mold third needle seat (53) are arranged in the fourth lower mold rear cushion sleeve (50), and the punches of the four-sequence first upper punch (45) and the four-sequence lower punch (48) are respectively fixedly mounted with a fourth punch platform (51); The fifth group of sequence dies (9) comprises a five-sequence punch die (54) and a five-sequence main die (55); the five-sequence punch die (54) comprises a five-sequence upper die (56); a five-sequence upper punch rod (57) and a five-sequence upper punch back pad (58) are arranged inside the five-sequence upper die (56); The five-sequence main mold (55) comprises a five-sequence lower mold (59), a five-sequence lower punch (60) and a five-sequence lower mold (59) cushion block are arranged in the five-sequence lower mold (59), a fifth lower mold rear cushion sleeve (62) is arranged at one end of the five-sequence lower mold (59), a fifth lower mold sleeve second needle seat (63) and a fifth lower mold third needle seat (64) are arranged in the fifth lower mold rear cushion sleeve (62), and the punches of the five-sequence upper punch (57) and the five-sequence lower punch (60) are respectively fixedly mounted with a fifth punch platform (65); The sixth group of sequence dies (10) comprises a six-sequence punch die (66) and a six-sequence main die (67), the six-sequence punch die (66) comprises a six-sequence upper die (68), and a six-sequence upper punch rod (69) and a six-sequence upper punch back pad (70) are arranged inside the six-sequence upper die (68); The six-sequence main mold (67) comprises a six-sequence lower mold (71), in which a six-core lower mold movable punch, a six-sequence lower punch rod (72), a six-sequence lower punch sleeve, a six-sequence lower mold (71) spring seat, a sixth lower mold sleeve second needle seat (75) and a sixth lower mold third needle seat (78) are sequentially arranged, and the punch of the six-sequence lower punch rod (72) is fixedly installed with a sixth punch platform (79); A material introduction groove (80) is provided at one end of the six-sequence upper punch rod (69), and a material discharge groove (81) is provided on the side wall of the six-sequence upper punch rod (69), and the material introduction groove (80) is communicated with the material discharge groove (81).

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