A real-time temperature collection system for cold chain

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field related to cold chain transportation, and discloses a real-time temperature collection system for cold chain. Through the cooperation of temperature collection tags and RFID readers, a cheap temperature collection tag can be attached to each item of goods for temperature detection and collection, and then the collected temperature data is read in a range by the RFID reader. While realizing temperature collection of all goods, the collection cost is also controlled. In addition, the temperature changes of goods can be monitored in real time through more accurate temperature collection data, so as to timely understand the temperature abnormalities at local locations in the cargo box, and issue warning prompts so as to deal with them in time to recover losses.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field related to cold chain transportation, and specifically to a real-time temperature collection system for cold chain. Background Art

[0002] Cold chain transportation is a special logistics and transportation method used to keep temperature-sensitive goods at suitable temperature conditions throughout the supply chain. This transportation method is usually used for food, medicine, biological products and other temperature-sensitive goods. It is crucial to ensure good temperature control during cold chain transportation. If the temperature is not well controlled during cold chain transportation, it may cause the goods to deteriorate and quality problems may occur.

[0003] The traditional temperature collection system can only collect the uniform ambient temperature in the carriage during cold chain transportation, and it is difficult to collect the real-time temperature of all goods. Due to the dense stacking of goods or the fact that some vegetables and fruits may generate heat during transportation, the accuracy of the collected temperature data decreases, making it difficult to control the transportation quality of all goods. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a real-time temperature collection system for cold chain, so as to solve the problem that the existing temperature collection system mentioned in the above background is difficult to collect the temperature of all goods.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a real-time temperature collection system for cold chain, comprising a temperature collection module, a temperature reading module, a wireless communication module, a data storage and processing module and an alarm and notification module, wherein the temperature collection module is used to collect real-time temperature information of goods transported in the cold chain, the temperature reading module is used to centrally read the temperature information of all goods and upload the temperature information to the data storage and processing module for processing through the wireless communication module, the data storage and processing module is used to analyze the temperature data, generate reports and generate warnings, and the alarm and notification module is used to receive warning information from the data storage and processing module and transmit it to on-site managers through sound and light information;

[0006] Wherein, the temperature acquisition module includes a temperature acquisition tag, which is composed of an RFID tag and a thermocouple patch temperature sensor. The temperature reading module includes an RFID reader / writer, which is fixedly installed above the cargo stacking area by bolts. The RFID tag is used to receive electromagnetic waves emitted by the RFID reader / writer and convert the electromagnetic waves into electrical energy to power the thermocouple patch temperature sensor. The thermocouple patch temperature sensor is used to detect and collect cargo temperature.

[0007] The temperature collection label is affixed to each packaging box of the goods, and the goods are divided into multiple areas for zoned stacking. The RFID reader is provided with multiple groups of directional antennas, which are connected and adjusted through a linkage adjustment mechanism. Each stacking area corresponds to at least one or two groups of directional antennas. The directional antennas read the temperature collection label in each stacking area in a manner based on spatial coordinate encoding, and collect real-time spatial distribution information of the temperature at the same time.

[0008] Furthermore, the outside of the RFID tag and the thermocouple patch temperature sensor is covered with a self-adhesive film patch for packaging.

[0009] Furthermore, the thermocouple patch temperature sensor is pasted on the inner side of the RFID tag, the RFID tag is composed of an RFID chip and an RFID antenna, the RFID antenna is electrically connected to the RFID chip, and the thermocouple patch temperature sensor is electrically connected to the RFID chip.

[0010] Furthermore, the linkage adjustment mechanism includes a rotating connecting rod, the directional antenna is rotatably connected to the rotating connecting rod via a rotating shaft, the directional antenna and the rotating connecting rod are penetrated by a fixed shaft, both ends of the fixed shaft are fixedly connected to the directional antenna via a key slot, a first bevel gear is fixedly connected to the fixed shaft via a key slot, the first bevel gear is meshed with a second bevel gear, the second bevel gear is fixedly connected to a third bevel gear via a first transmission rod, the first transmission rod penetrates the rotating connecting rod, the third bevel gear is meshed with a fourth bevel gear, and the fourth bevel gear is fixedly connected to the second transmission rod via a key slot.

[0011] Furthermore, each directional antenna is transmission-connected to a group of rotating connecting rod fixed shafts, a first bevel gear, a second bevel gear, a first transmission rod, a third bevel gear and a fourth bevel gear. The fourth bevel gears corresponding to all directional antennas on one side of the RFID reader are penetrated and connected by the same second transmission rod, and a section of the second transmission rod is fixedly connected to an adjustment knob.

[0012] Furthermore, the signal transmission frequency band of the RFID antenna is the UHF frequency band.

[0013] Furthermore, the directional antenna is movably connected to the RFID reader via a rotating shaft.

[0014] Furthermore, the RFID reader is a variable frequency reader, and the frequency conversion range is between 300MHz-3000MHz.

[0015] Furthermore, the data reading method based on spatial coordinate classification coding includes the following steps:

[0016] S1. Group labeling: Group the goods according to the stacking area, then attach a temperature collection label to each box of goods, and number the temperature collection labels in the group;

[0017] S2. Partition stacking: The goods are partitioned and stacked according to the pre-grouping, and the directional antennas are adjusted to point to different partitions so that each area corresponds to at least two groups of directional antennas;

[0018] S3. Spatial encoding: establish a spatial coordinate system in each stack area so that each temperature collection tag corresponds to a set of spatial coordinates;

[0019] S4. Classification reading: The spatial coordinates of the signal source are calculated according to the Doppler effect, and then the temperature information fed back by each temperature collection tag can be correspondingly identified according to the spatial coordinates.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. The present invention proposes a real-time temperature collection system for cold chain. Through the cooperation of temperature collection tags and RFID readers, cheap temperature collection tags can be attached to each item of goods for temperature detection and collection. Then, the collected temperature data can be read in a range by the RFID reader. While realizing temperature collection of all goods, the collection cost is also controlled. In addition, the temperature changes of goods can be monitored in real time through more accurate temperature collection data, so as to timely understand the temperature abnormalities in local locations in the cargo box and issue warning prompts so as to deal with them in time to recover losses.

[0022] 2. The present invention proposes a real-time temperature collection system for cold chain, which realizes the function of one RFID reader to simultaneously read the temperature data collected by multiple temperature collection tags at a long distance through multi-antenna settings and random feedback, spatial coordinate coding reading, time sequence coding reading and frequency difference coding reading, thereby providing a basis for large-scale three-dimensional cargo temperature collection, realizing one-to-many temperature data reading and transmission, and reducing the equipment cost of temperature collection.

[0023] 3. The real-time temperature collection system for cold chain proposed by the present invention, through the setting of the linkage adjustment mechanism, can drive all the directional antennas on one side of the RFID reader to rotate together by turning the adjustment knob, thereby eliminating the need to adjust each directional antenna individually, reducing the difficulty of adjusting the directional antenna. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a real-time temperature collection system module for cold chain;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the temperature collection tag;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the outer structure of the temperature collection tag;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of cargo stacking method;

[0028] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the temperature acquisition module and the temperature reading module;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the RFID reader structure;

[0030] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the linkage adjustment mechanism structure;

[0031] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Enlarged structural diagram at A in the middle.

[0032] Numbers in the figure: 1. Temperature collection tag; 101. RFID tag; 1011. RFID chip; 1012. RFID antenna; 102. Thermocouple patch temperature sensor; 103. Self-adhesive film patch; 2. RFID reader / writer; 201. Directional antenna; 3. Linkage adjustment mechanism; 301. Rotating connecting rod; 302. Fixed shaft; 303. First bevel gear; 304. Second bevel gear; 305. First transmission rod; 306. Third bevel gear; 307. Fourth bevel gear; 308. Second transmission rod; 309. Adjustment knob. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] See also Figure 1A real-time temperature collection system for cold chain includes a temperature collection module, a temperature reading module, a wireless communication module, a data storage and processing module, and an alarm and notification module. The temperature collection module is used to collect real-time temperature information of goods transported in the cold chain. The temperature reading module is used to centrally read the temperature information of all goods and upload the temperature information to the data storage and processing module for processing through the wireless communication module. The data storage and processing module analyzes the temperature data, generates reports and generates warnings, and provides real-time temperature monitoring and data analysis for cold chain managers. The alarm and notification module is used to receive warning information from the data storage and processing module and transmit it to on-site managers through speakers and warning lights to send sound or light information so that timely processing can be carried out.

[0035] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the temperature acquisition module includes a temperature acquisition tag 1, which is composed of an RFID tag 101 and a thermocouple patch temperature sensor 102. The outside of the RFID tag 101 and the thermocouple patch temperature sensor 102 is covered with a self-adhesive film patch 103 for packaging, so that it is convenient to stick the temperature acquisition tag 1 on the packaging box. The thermocouple patch temperature sensor 102 is pasted on the inside of the RFID tag 101. The RFID tag 101 is composed of an RFID chip 1011 and an RFID antenna 1012. The RFID antenna 1012 is electrically connected to the RFID chip 1011, and the thermocouple patch temperature sensor 102 is electrically connected to the RFID chip 1011. The signal transmission frequency band of the RFID antenna 1012 is the UHF frequency band, that is, ultra-high frequency. The wavelength of the electromagnetic wave signal in this frequency band is shorter, has better penetration ability, and has a longer reading distance at the same power, which is convenient for penetrating the stacked goods to read the temperature acquisition tag 1 in the corner of the carriage.

[0036] like Figure 4 - Figure 8As shown, the temperature reading module includes an RFID reader 2, which is fixed above the cargo stacking area by bolts. A plurality of directional antennas 201 with adjustable angles are arranged on the RFID reader 2. The directional antennas 201 limit the transmission direction of electromagnetic waves and the radiation angle of geomagnetic waves, and only receive or transmit signals in the direction pointed by the directional antenna 201, thereby reducing signal leakage to unnecessary areas and having better resistance to interference signals from other directions. The linkage adjustment mechanism 3 includes a rotating connecting rod 301, the directional antenna 201 is rotatably connected to the rotating connecting rod 301 through a rotating shaft, the directional antenna 201 and the rotating connecting rod 301 are penetrated and connected by a fixed shaft 302, both ends of the fixed shaft 302 are fixedly connected to the directional antenna 201 through keyways, a first bevel gear 303 is fixedly connected to the fixed shaft 302 through a keyway, the first bevel gear 303 is meshed with a second bevel gear 304, the second bevel gear 304 is fixedly connected to a third bevel gear 306 through a first transmission rod 305, the first transmission rod 305 penetrates the rotating connecting rod 301, the third bevel gear 306 is meshed with a fourth bevel gear 307, the fourth bevel gear 307 is fixedly connected to the second transmission rod 308 through a keyway, and each directional antenna 201 is transmission-connected to a set of rotating connecting rods 301, the fixed shaft 302, 02, the first bevel gear 303, the second bevel gear 304, the first transmission rod 305, the third bevel gear 306 and the fourth bevel gear 307, the fourth bevel gears 307 corresponding to all the directional antennas 201 on one side of the RFID reader 2 are all connected through the same second transmission rod 308, and an adjusting knob 309 is fixedly connected to one end of the second transmission rod 308, so that when the adjusting knob 309 is rotated, all the fourth bevel gears 307 on one side of the RFID reader 2 can be driven to rotate through the second transmission rod 308, and then the fourth bevel gear 307 can drive the first transmission rod 305 to rotate by meshing with the third bevel gear 306, and then the second bevel gear 304 and the first bevel gear 303 can be driven to rotate, and then the first bevel gear 303 can drive the directional antenna 201 to rotate through the fixed shaft 302.

[0037] The RFID antenna 1012 is used to receive electromagnetic wave signals from the RFID reader 2, and then convert the electromagnetic wave signals into electrical energy to power the RFID chip 1011 and the thermocouple patch temperature sensor 102, so that the thermocouple patch temperature sensor 102 can detect the real-time temperature and transmit it to the RFID chip 1011, and then the RFID chip 1011 sends the temperature information to the RFID reader 2 through the RFID antenna 1012, and the RFID reader 2 uploads the temperature data through the wireless communication module.

[0038] Embodiment 1

[0039] Taking a box-type refrigerated truck transporting 96 boxes of goods as an example, the method for collecting temperature information by grouping includes the following steps:

[0040] Step 1: Group labeling: Figure 4 As shown, after the goods are packed in boxes, they are divided into six groups with 16 boxes in a group, namely Group A, Group B, Group C, Group D, Group E and Group F. A temperature collection label 1 is affixed to each box of goods, and the temperature collection label 1 on each box of goods is numbered. The labels in Group A are numbered A01, A02, A03, A04, A05, A06, A07, A08, A09, A10, A11, A12, A13, A14, A15 and A16 respectively, and the numbers of Group B, Group C, Group D, Group E and Group F are numbered similarly.

[0041] Step 2: Partitioning: Figure 3 As shown, the six groups of numbered cargo partition codes are placed in different areas inside the carriage and stacked in order of numbering, and then the directional antenna 201 on the RFID reader 2 is adjusted to point to the stacking areas of the six groups respectively, so that each area corresponds to at least two groups of directional antennas 201.

[0042] Step 3: Spatial coding: Establish a spatial coordinate system in each stack area. Each temperature collection label 1 corresponds to a set of spatial coordinates. For example, the correspondence between the label number of group A and its spatial coordinates is as follows:

[0043] A01, (0,0,0);A02, (0,1,0);A03, (0,0,1);A04, (0,1,1);

[0044] A05, (1,0,0);A06, (1,1,0);A07, (1,0,1);A08, (1,1,1);

[0045] A09, (2,0,0);A10, (2,1,0);A11, (2,0,1);A12, (2,1,1);

[0046] A13, (3,0,0); A14, (3,1,0); A15, (3,0,1); A16, (3,1,1).

[0047] Step 4: Classification reading: When two or more groups of directional antennas 201 read 16 temperature collection tags 1 in the same group of goods, the spatial coordinates of the signal source can be calculated according to the Doppler effect, and then the temperature information fed back by each temperature collection tag 1 can be correspondingly identified according to the spatial coordinates, so that the spatial position corresponding to each temperature data can be accurately identified. After the alarm and notification module sends out a temperature warning signal, the on-site management personnel can accurately find the location of the goods with abnormal temperature according to the spatial coordinates, so as to timely analyze the cause of the abnormality and deal with it.

[0048] Embodiment 2

[0049] Taking a box-type refrigerated truck transporting 96 boxes of goods as an example, the method for collecting temperature information by grouping includes the following steps:

[0050] Step 1: Group labeling: Figure 4 As shown, after the goods are packed in boxes, they are divided into six groups with 16 boxes in a group, namely Group A, Group B, Group C, Group D, Group E and Group F. A temperature collection label 1 is affixed to each box of goods, and the temperature collection label 1 on each box of goods is numbered. The labels in Group A are numbered A01, A02, A03, A04, A05, A06, A07, A08, A09, A10, A11, A12, A13, A14, A15 and A16 respectively, and the numbers of Group B, Group C, Group D, Group E and Group F are numbered similarly.

[0051] Step 2: Partitioning: Figure 3 As shown, the six groups of numbered cargo partition codes are placed in different areas inside the carriage and stacked in order of numbering, and then the directional antenna 201 on the RFID reader 2 is adjusted to point to the stacking areas of the six groups respectively, ensuring that each stacking area corresponds to at least one group of directional antennas 201.

[0052] Step 3: Counting and coding: Count the number of electromagnetic wave transmissions of the RFID reader 2, and send the counting allocation information to the temperature collection tag 1 through the RFID reader 2, such as the corresponding relationship between the label number of group A goods and its counting allocation code:

[0053] A01, 1 time; A02, 2 times; A03, 3 times; A04, 4 times;

[0054] A05, 5 times; A06, 6 times; A07, 7 times; A08, 8 times;

[0055] A09, 9 times; A10, 10 times; A11, 11 times; A12, 12 times;

[0056] A13, 13th times; A14, 14th times; A15, 15th times; A16, 16th times.

[0057] Step 4: Delayed reading: The temperature acquisition tag 1 counts once each time it receives an electromagnetic wave. When the cumulative count matches the count allocation information, for example, when the temperature acquisition tag 1 numbered A08 receives the electromagnetic wave emitted by the RFID reader 2 for a total of 8 times, the temperature acquisition tag 1 numbered A08 sends the collected temperature information to the RFID reader 2. When the cumulative counts of all temperature acquisition tags 1 reach the preset upper limit, the count will be restarted. In this case, the upper limit is 16 times. In this way, multiple groups of temperature acquisition tags 1 can send temperature information in sequence, thereby avoiding collisions and conflicts.

[0058] Embodiment 3

[0059] Continuing with the example of a box-type refrigerated truck transporting 96 boxes of goods, the method for grouping and collecting temperature information includes the following steps:

[0060] Step 1: Group labeling: Figure 4 As shown, after the goods are packed in boxes, they are divided into six groups with 16 boxes in a group, namely Group A, Group B, Group C, Group D, Group E and Group F. A temperature collection label 1 is affixed to each box of goods, and the temperature collection label 1 on each box of goods is numbered. The labels in Group A are numbered A01, A02, A03, A04, A05, A06, A07, A08, A09, A10, A11, A12, A13, A14, A15 and A16 respectively, and the numbers of Group B, Group C, Group D, Group E and Group F are numbered similarly.

[0061] Step 2: Partitioning: Figure 3 As shown, the six groups of numbered cargo partition codes are placed in different areas inside the carriage and stacked in order of numbering, and then the directional antenna 201 on the RFID reader 2 is adjusted to point to the stacking areas of the six groups respectively, ensuring that each stacking area corresponds to at least one group of directional antennas 201.

[0062] Step 3: Frequency encoding: Select multiple groups of different frequencies in the UHF frequency band (300MHz-3000MHz), and send information through the RFID reader 2 to randomly send the corresponding frequency configuration information to each temperature collection tag 1 to preset the working frequency of the temperature collection tag 1, so that the temperature collection tag 1 only feeds back the configured frequency. For example, the corresponding relationship between the label number of group A and its configured frequency is:

[0063] A01, 500MHz; A02, 600MHz; A03, 700MHz; A04, 800MHz;

[0064] A05, 900MHz; A06, 1000MHz; A07, 1100MHz; A08, 1200MHz;

[0065] A09, 1300MHz; A10, 1400MHz; A11, 1500MHz; A12, 1600MHz;

[0066] A13, 1700MHz; A14, 1800MHz; A15, 1900MHz; A16, 2000MHz.

[0067] Step 4: Frequency division reading: Let the RFID reader 2 send electromagnetic waves of the configured frequency in sequence, so that all temperature collection tags 1 can and can only receive electromagnetic wave information consistent with their configured frequency, and then feedback the collected temperature information, thereby avoiding collisions and conflicts.

[0068] Embodiment 4

[0069] Continuing with the example of a box-type refrigerated truck transporting 96 boxes of goods, the method for grouping and collecting temperature information includes the following steps:

[0070] Step 1: Group labeling: Figure 4 As shown, after the goods are packed in boxes, they are divided into six groups with 16 boxes in a group, namely Group A, Group B, Group C, Group D, Group E and Group F, and a temperature collection label 1 is attached to each box of goods.

[0071] Step 2: Partitioning: Figure 3 As shown, the six groups of numbered cargo partition codes are placed in different areas inside the carriage and stacked in order of numbering, and then the directional antenna 201 on the RFID reader 2 is adjusted to point to the stacking areas of the six groups respectively, ensuring that each stacking area corresponds to at least one group of directional antennas 201.

[0072] Step 3: Random sleep reading: RFID reader 2 sends electromagnetic wave signals to all temperature collection tags 1 in the same group at the same time, activates RFID tag 101, and generates pseudo-random numbers through the pseudo-random number generator in RFID chip 1011 to decide whether to feedback the collected temperature information. When multiple RFID tags 101 feedback at the same time, the feedback signals will collide. When RFID reader 2 detects a collision, it sends a conflict detection signal to the RFID tag 101 that triggered the collision, so that the RFID tag 101 that receives the conflict detection signal randomly sleeps for a period of time and delays the feedback of the collected temperature information. Repeat the above process continuously, and all RFID tags 101 have the same probability of successful feedback.

[0073] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0074] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A real-time temperature collection system for cold chain, characterized by: It includes a temperature acquisition module, a temperature reading module, a wireless communication module, a data storage and processing module, and an alarm and notification module. The temperature acquisition module is used to collect real-time temperature information of goods transported in the cold chain. The temperature reading module is used to centrally read the temperature information of all goods and upload the temperature information to the data storage and processing module for processing through the wireless communication module. The data storage and processing module is used to analyze the temperature data, generate reports and generate warnings. The alarm and notification module is used to receive warning information from the data storage and processing module and transmit it to the on-site management personnel through sound and light information. The temperature acquisition module comprises a temperature acquisition tag (1), the temperature acquisition tag (1) comprises an RFID tag (101) and a thermocouple patch temperature sensor (102), the temperature reading module comprises an RFID reader (2), the RFID reader (2) is fixedly installed above the cargo stacking area by means of bolts, the RFID tag (101) is used to receive electromagnetic waves emitted by the RFID reader (2) and convert the electromagnetic waves into electrical energy to power the thermocouple patch temperature sensor (102), and the thermocouple patch temperature sensor (102) is used to detect and collect cargo temperature; The temperature collection label (1) is attached to each packaging box of the goods, and the goods are divided into a plurality of areas for partition stacking. The RFID reader (2) is provided with a plurality of groups of directional antennas (201). The directional antennas (201) are connected to each other through a linkage adjustment mechanism (3) for transmission adjustment. The linkage adjustment mechanism (3) comprises a rotating connecting rod (301). The directional antenna (201) is rotatably connected to the rotating connecting rod (301) through a rotating shaft. The directional antenna (201) and the rotating connecting rod (301) are connected through a fixed shaft (302). Both ends of the fixed shaft (302) are fixedly connected to the directional antenna (201) through a key slot. The fixed shaft (302) is fixedly connected to a first umbrella through the key slot. gear (303), the first bevel gear (303) is meshed with a second bevel gear (304), the second bevel gear (304) is fixedly connected to a third bevel gear (306) via a first transmission rod (305), the first transmission rod (305) passes through a rotating connecting rod (301), the third bevel gear (306) is meshed with a fourth bevel gear (307), the fourth bevel gear (307) is fixedly connected to the second transmission rod (308) via a keyway, and each stacking area corresponds to at least one or two groups of directional antennas (201), and the directional antennas (201) read the temperature collection tags (1) in each stacking area in a manner based on spatial coordinate encoding, and simultaneously collect real-time spatial distribution information of the temperature.

2. A real-time temperature collection system for cold chain according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outside of the RFID tag (101) and the thermocouple patch temperature sensor (102) are covered with a self-adhesive film patch (103) for packaging.

3. A real-time temperature collection system for cold chain as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The thermocouple patch temperature sensor (102) is adhered to the inner side of the RFID tag (101); the RFID tag (101) is composed of an RFID chip (1011) and an RFID antenna (1012); the RFID antenna (1012) is electrically connected to the RFID chip (1011); and the thermocouple patch temperature sensor (102) is electrically connected to the RFID chip (1011).

4. A real-time temperature collection system for cold chain as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: Each directional antenna (201) is transmission-connected to a group of rotating connecting rods (301), a fixed shaft (302), a first bevel gear (303), a second bevel gear (304), a first transmission rod (305), a third bevel gear (306) and a fourth bevel gear (307); the fourth bevel gears (307) corresponding to all directional antennas (201) on one side of the RFID reader (2) are connected through the same second transmission rod (308); and an adjusting knob (309) is fixedly connected to one end of the second transmission rod (308).

5. A real-time temperature collection system for cold chain as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The signal transmission frequency band of the RFID antenna (1012) is the UHF frequency band.

6. A real-time temperature collection system for cold chain according to claim 1, characterized in that: The directional antenna (201) is movably connected to the RFID reader (2) via a rotating shaft.

7. A real-time temperature collection system for cold chain according to claim 1, characterized in that: The RFID reader (2) is a variable frequency reader, and the frequency conversion range is between 300 MHz and 3000 MHz.

8. A real-time temperature collection system for cold chain according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data reading method based on spatial coordinate classification coding includes the following steps: S1. Group labeling: Group the goods according to the stacking area, then affix a temperature collection label (1) to each box of goods, and digitally number the temperature collection labels (1) in the group; S2. Partition stacking: The goods are partitioned and stacked according to the pre-grouping, and the directional antenna (201) is adjusted to point to different partitions, so that each area corresponds to at least two groups of directional antennas (201); S3. Spatial encoding: Establish a spatial coordinate system in each stack area so that each temperature collection tag (1) corresponds to a set of spatial coordinates; S4. Classification reading: The spatial coordinates of the signal source are calculated according to the Doppler effect, and then the temperature information fed back by each temperature acquisition tag (1) can be correspondingly identified according to the spatial coordinates.

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