A highly efficient throttling separation device for volatile oil in gas mixture

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of volatile oil separation, and specifically discloses a highly efficient throttling separation device for volatile oil in a gas mixture. The separation device comprises: a primary separation unit, a throttling expansion valve, an adsorption unit and a separation detection unit. The inlet end of the throttling expansion valve is connected to the outlet of the primary separation unit, the outlet end of the throttling expansion valve is connected to the inlet of the adsorption unit, and the outlet of the adsorption unit is connected to the inlet of the separation detection unit. The interior of the primary separation unit is composed of a first layer of sponge adsorption material, an oily component separation membrane, and a second layer of sponge adsorption material. The separation detection unit is composed of a third layer of sponge adsorption material, a second oily component separation membrane, a volatile oil component detection membrane, and a fourth layer of sponge adsorption material. The present invention effectively reduces the temperature of the mixed gas entrained with volatile oil through "throttling expansion", liquefies the volatile oil, significantly improves the separation efficiency of the volatile oil component, and improves the removal rate of the volatile oil in the mixed gas.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of volatile oil separation, in particular to a highly efficient throttling separation device for volatile oil in a gas mixture. Background Art

[0002] The information disclosed in this background technology section is only intended to enhance the understanding of the overall background of the invention, and should not necessarily be regarded as an admission or any form of suggestion that the information constitutes the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.

[0003] Volatile oils refer to volatile oily substances, usually substances that can quickly turn into gas at room temperature and release strong aromas or chemical properties. Volatile oils can come from various plants, chemical products or petroleum products, and their characteristics determine their evaporation speed and uses at different temperatures. Common volatile oils include plant volatile oils, natural gas and petroleum volatile oils, and industrial volatile oils.

[0004] Volatile oils are widely used in medicine, cosmetics and industrial production. However, due to their volatile nature, they require attention to safety and environmental protection during use and handling to avoid adverse effects on human health and the environment. Therefore, in some cases, a process is required to remove volatile oils from somewhere or reduce their concentration. The treatment of volatile oils in gas mixtures usually requires specific technologies and methods to ensure effective removal. Common treatment methods include adsorption, condensation, oxidation, chemical absorption, membrane separation, distillation recovery, etc. However, these traditional methods have problems such as low removal rate and difficulty in separating volatile oils from gas mixtures. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above problems, the present invention proposes a highly efficient throttling separation device for volatile oil in a gas mixture, which effectively reduces the temperature of the mixed gas carrying volatile oil through "throttling expansion", liquefies the volatile oil, significantly improves the separation efficiency of the volatile oil components, and improves the removal rate of the volatile oil in the mixed gas. Specifically, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows.

[0006] A highly efficient throttling separation device for volatile oil in a gas mixture comprises: a primary separation unit, a throttling expansion valve, an adsorption unit and a separation detection unit. Wherein: the inlet end of the throttling expansion valve is connected to the outlet of the primary separation unit, the outlet end of the throttling expansion valve is connected to the inlet of the adsorption unit, the outlet of the adsorption unit is connected to the inlet of the separation detection unit, and the adsorption unit is filled with adsorption particles capable of adsorbing volatile oil. The interior of the primary separation unit is composed of a first layer of sponge adsorption material, a first oily component separation membrane, and a second layer of sponge adsorption material arranged in sequence from left to right. The interior of the separation detection unit is composed of a third layer of sponge adsorption material, a second oily component separation membrane, a volatile oil component detection membrane, and a fourth layer of sponge adsorption material arranged in sequence from left to right.

[0007] Furthermore, the primary separation unit, the adsorption unit, and the separation and detection unit are all cylindrical structures.

[0008] Furthermore, the outlet end of the primary separation unit is closed and communicated with the inlet end of the throttling expansion valve.

[0009] Furthermore, the throttling expansion valve is a straight pipe with a diameter smaller than the outlet diameter of the primary separation unit or a trumpet-shaped structure that is narrow in front and wide in the back.

[0010] Furthermore, the diameter of the inlet end of the throttling expansion valve is 0.2 to 0.5 times the outlet diameter of the primary separation unit.

[0011] Furthermore, when the throttling expansion valve is a trumpet-shaped structure that is narrow at the front and wide at the rear, the diameter of the outlet end of the throttling expansion valve is 0.8 to 1.0 times the inlet diameter of the adsorption unit.

[0012] Further, the adsorption particles include at least one of activated carbon particles, silica gel particles, polymer adsorption resin particles, oil adsorption bentonite particles, magnetic adsorption particles, etc. Optionally, the adsorption particles have a particle size of 0.1-2 mm.

[0013] Furthermore, the sponge adsorption material includes at least one of: polymer sponge, aerogel sponge, carbon-based sponge, functionalized sponge, bio-based sponge, composite sponge material, etc., which is mainly used to adsorb volatile oil in gas mixture. Optionally, the thickness ratio of the sponge adsorption material to the oily component separation membrane is 100:1~1000:1.

[0014] Further, the oily component separation membrane comprises at least one of a microporous membrane, an oleophilic membrane, a polymer film, a nanofiltration membrane, etc., which is mainly used to further remove volatile oils from the gas mixture. Optionally, the thickness of the oily component separation membrane is 10-100 μm.

[0015] Further, the volatile oil component detection membrane includes: at least one of: a gas sensor membrane, a chromatographic membrane, a fluorescence detection membrane, and an adsorption membrane. Wherein: the thickness of the volatile oil component detection membrane is between micrometers and millimeters. The thickness of the gas sensor membrane is several micrometers to tens of micrometers. The thickness of the chromatographic membrane is 10-100 micrometers. The thickness of the fluorescence detection membrane is several micrometers to tens of micrometers. The thickness of the adsorption membrane is tens of micrometers to several millimeters.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial technical effects:

[0017] The present invention provides a "throttling expansion" type volatile oil separation device with fast adsorption speed, high adsorption efficiency, energy saving and recycling. This is because in the process of volatile oil adsorption, the mixed gas carrying volatile oil passes through the throttling channel formed by the throttling expansion valve whose channel cross section suddenly decreases. After passing through the throttling channel, the channel cross-sectional area suddenly increases again, and the gas changes from high temperature, high pressure and small volume to low temperature, low pressure and large volume. In this process, the volume expands rapidly, and the temperature and pressure drop accordingly. The mixed gas is cooled, the temperature drops rapidly, and the volatile oil is liquefied. In this process, the temperature is rapidly reduced, and while saving cooling energy, the separation efficiency of the volatile oil component in the gas mixture is significantly improved, and the removal rate of the volatile oil in the mixed gas is improved. In addition, the volatile oil component detection membrane in the separation and detection unit of the present invention can be used to detect the volatile oil component, so as to judge whether the adsorbed particles in the adsorption unit are saturated with adsorption. If the volatile oil component is detected, it proves that the adsorbed particles in the front adsorption unit are saturated with adsorption, and then the adsorption unit needs to be subjected to volatile oil desorption treatment, thereby realizing the recycling of the adsorption unit. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The accompanying drawings in the specification, which constitute a part of the present invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0019] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the efficient throttling separation device for volatile oil in the gas mixture in the following embodiments.

[0020] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the primary separation unit in the following embodiments.

[0021] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the separation and detection unit in the following embodiments.

[0022] The marks in the above figure represent respectively: 1-primary separation unit, 2-throttling expansion valve, 3-adsorption unit, 4-separation and detection unit, 5-first layer of sponge adsorption material, 6-oily component separation membrane, 7-second layer of sponge adsorption material, 8-third layer of sponge adsorption material, 9-second oily component separation membrane, 10-volatile oil component detection membrane, 11-fourth layer of sponge adsorption material. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in the present invention have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0024] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should also be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0025] For the convenience of description, if the words "up", "down", "left" and "right" appear in the present invention, they only indicate that they are consistent with the up, down, left and right directions of the drawings themselves, and do not limit the structure. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the referred device or component needs to have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0026] The highly efficient throttling separation device for volatile oil in a gas mixture of the present invention is now further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments of the specification.

[0027] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2, an example of a highly efficient throttling separation device for volatile oil in a gas mixture is provided, which mainly comprises: a primary separation unit 1, a throttling expansion valve 2, an adsorption unit 3 and a separation detection unit 4. Specifically: the primary separation unit 1, the adsorption unit 3 and the separation detection unit 4 are all cylindrical structures, such as a cylinder, a square cylinder or any other suitable structure. The interior of the primary separation unit 1 is composed of a first layer of sponge adsorption material 5, a first oil component separation membrane 6, and a second layer of sponge adsorption material 7 arranged in sequence from left to right. The interior of the separation detection unit 4 is composed of a third layer of sponge adsorption material 8, a second oil component separation membrane 9, a volatile oil component detection membrane 10 and a fourth layer of sponge adsorption material 11 arranged in sequence from left to right. Among them: the left end of the primary separation unit 1 is open, the right end is closed, and there is an outlet. The throttling expansion valve 2 is a trumpet-shaped structure that is narrow in front and wide in the back, and its front end / inlet end is connected to the outlet of the primary separation unit 1. The rear end / outlet end of the throttling expansion valve 2 is connected to the left port of the adsorption unit 3, and the right port of the adsorption unit 3 is connected to the left port of the separation detection unit 4. Both ends of the separation detection unit 4 are open. The adsorption unit 3 is filled with adsorption particles capable of adsorbing volatile oil.

[0028] The diameter of the front end / inlet end of the throttling expansion valve 2 is 0.2 to 0.5 times, such as 0.2 times, 0.3 times, 0.5 times, etc., of the outlet diameter of the primary separation unit 1. The diameter of the rear end / outlet end of the throttling expansion valve 2 is 0.8 to 1.0 times, such as 0.8 times, 0.9 times, 1.0 times, etc., of the inlet diameter of the adsorption unit 3. The "throttling expansion" type volatile oil separation device of this embodiment has the characteristics of fast adsorption speed, high adsorption efficiency and energy saving. This is because during the adsorption process of volatile oil, the mixed gas carrying volatile oil enters the throttling channel formed by the throttling expansion valve 2 whose channel cross section suddenly decreases. After passing through the throttling channel, the channel cross-sectional area suddenly increases again, and the gas changes from high temperature, high pressure and small volume to low temperature, low pressure and large volume. In this process, the volume expands rapidly, and the temperature and pressure drop accordingly. The mixed gas is cooled, and the temperature drops rapidly, so that the volatile oil is liquefied. While saving cooling energy, the separation efficiency of the volatile oil component in the gas mixture is significantly improved, and the removal rate of the volatile oil in the mixed gas is improved. In addition, the volatile oil component detection membrane 10 can also be used to determine whether the adsorbed particles in the adsorption unit 3 are adsorbed saturated. If the volatile oil component is detected from the volatile oil component detection membrane 10, it proves that the adsorbed particles in the adsorption unit 3 in front are adsorbed saturated, and the adsorption unit 3 needs to be desorbed for volatile oil, thereby realizing the recycling of the adsorption unit 3.

[0029] In another embodiment, the throttling expansion valve 2 of the above embodiment can also be a straight tube with a diameter smaller than the outlet diameter of the primary separation unit 1 and the diameter of the adsorption unit 3. The diameter of the throttling expansion valve 2 is 0.2 to 0.5 times the outlet diameter of the primary separation unit 1, such as 0.2 times, 0.3 times, 0.5 times, etc. When removing the volatile oil from the gas mixture, after the gas mixture enters from the left port of the primary separation unit 1, some macromolecular volatile oil components that are easily adsorbed and separated are removed. The remaining gas enters the throttling expansion valve 2 and is compressed and converted into a high-temperature, high-pressure, small-volume gas. When further entering the adsorption unit 3, the gas changes suddenly from a high-temperature, high-pressure, small-volume gas to a low-temperature, low-pressure, large-volume gas. In this process, the volume expands rapidly, and the temperature and pressure drop accordingly. The mixed gas is cooled, the temperature drops rapidly, and the volatile oil is converted from the gas phase to the liquid phase and absorbed by the adsorption unit 3. Finally, it is discharged after being adsorbed and separated by the separation and detection unit 4, so that the volatile oil content in the gas mixture is greatly reduced.

[0030] In another embodiment, the adsorption particles of the above embodiment include: activated carbon particles, silica gel particles, polymer adsorption resin particles, oil adsorption bentonite particles, magnetic adsorption particles, etc. The particle size of the adsorption particles can be arbitrarily selected in the range of 0.1 to 2 mm, such as 0.1 mm, 0.5 mm, 1 mm, 1.2 mm, 1.5 mm, 2 mm, etc. In addition, one or more of the above adsorption particles can be selected according to specific usage scenarios and technical requirements. Among them:

[0031] The activated carbon particles have a large surface area and a porous structure, and can effectively adsorb and concentrate oily components such as grease and dissolved organic compounds.

[0032] The silica gel particles have high lipophilicity and controllable pore structure, are suitable for adsorbing various oily components, and can be regenerated for use.

[0033] For the polymer adsorption resin particles, the selective adsorption capacity for specific oily components can be greatly enhanced through surface functionalization or chemical modification.

[0034] The oil-absorbing bentonite particles have extremely strong adsorption capacity and pore structure, and can quickly absorb and fix a large amount of grease and organic solvents.

[0035] The magnetic adsorption particles can utilize their magnetic properties to achieve selective adsorption and separation of grease and oily pollutants under the action of an external magnetic field.

[0036] In another embodiment, the sponge adsorption material of the above embodiment includes at least one of: polymer sponge, aerogel sponge, carbon-based sponge, functionalized sponge, bio-based sponge, composite sponge material, etc., which is mainly used to adsorb volatile oils in gas mixtures. The thickness ratio of the sponge adsorption material to the oily component separation membrane is arbitrarily selected in the range of 100:1 to 1000:1, such as 100:1, 300:1, 500:1, 800:1, 1000:1, etc. These volatile oil adsorption sponge materials have different advantages and applicability, and can be selected according to the type of volatile oil to be separated, environmental conditions, economic cost, etc. Among them:

[0037] The polymer sponge has a rich pore structure and a high specific surface area, and can effectively adsorb volatile organic compounds.

[0038] The aerogel sponge has extremely low density and a highly open three-dimensional network structure and has excellent adsorption performance.

[0039] The carbon-based sponge (such as carbon nanotube sponge, graphene sponge, etc.) has a high specific surface area and excellent electrochemical properties, and is suitable for adsorbing and storing volatile organic compounds.

[0040] For the functionalized sponge, the selective adsorption capacity for specific volatile organic compounds can be enhanced by functionalizing or chemically modifying its surface.

[0041] The bio-based sponge has good biocompatibility and environmental friendliness, and can be used for removing volatile oils in the biomedical field.

[0042] The composite sponge material is composed of different types of materials and has the advantages of various materials, such as high adsorption performance, renewability and economy, and can be applied to the adsorption and separation of volatile oils in various complex environments and industrial scenarios.

[0043] In another embodiment, the oily component separation membrane 6 of the above embodiment includes at least one of a microporous membrane, an oleophilic membrane, a polymer film, a nanofiltration membrane, etc., which is mainly used to further remove volatile oils from the gas mixture. The thickness of the oily component separation membrane 6 is arbitrarily selected within the range of 10 to 100 μm, such as 10 μm, 20 μm, 40 μm, 50 μm, 70 μm, 100 μm, etc. These oily component separation membranes 6 are highly efficient, economical, and environmentally friendly, and can be selected according to the type of volatile oil to be separated, environmental conditions, economic costs, etc. Among them:

[0044] The microporous membrane has a tiny pore structure, which allows liquid to pass through but blocks oil and other macromolecular substances from passing through, and has high selectivity and high separation efficiency.

[0045] The lipophilic membrane has good lipophilicity on its surface and can adsorb and concentrate oil molecules, thereby effectively separating volatile oils in a gas mixture.

[0046] The polymer film has the ability to selectively absorb grease and other oily components at the molecular level.

[0047] The nanofiltration membrane can utilize its nanoscale pore structure to effectively intercept tiny oil droplets and grease particles, thereby achieving the effect of efficiently separating volatile oils in a gas mixture.

[0048] The composite membrane material is usually composed of a combination of multiple materials and has the advantages of different materials, such as high separation efficiency, corrosion resistance and long life.

[0049] In another embodiment, the volatile oil component detection membrane 10 of the above embodiment includes: at least one of: a gas sensor membrane, a chromatographic membrane, a fluorescence detection membrane, an adsorption membrane, etc. Wherein: the thickness of the volatile oil component detection membrane 10 is between micrometers and millimeters. The thickness of the gas sensor membrane is between several micrometers and tens of micrometers. The thickness of the chromatographic membrane is 10 to 100 micrometers. The thickness of the fluorescence detection membrane is between several micrometers and tens of micrometers. The thickness of the adsorption membrane is between tens of micrometers and several millimeters. These volatile oil component detection membranes 10 have different advantages and applicability and can be selected according to the properties of the target volatile oil, detection sensitivity requirements, actual application scenarios, etc. Wherein:

[0050] The gas sensor membrane is coated with sensitive materials such as metal oxides (such as SnO2), conductive polymers, etc. Volatile oil molecules react with the sensing material in the membrane, resulting in changes in conductivity or resistance, and the concentration of the volatile oil is detected through these changes.

[0051] For chromatographic membranes, nitrocellulose membranes or polymer membranes are usually used. The sample is separated by passing through the membrane and the volatile oil components are analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) technology.

[0052] For fluorescence detection membrane, the membrane contains fluorescent probes. The volatile oil reacts with the fluorescent probe in the membrane, resulting in changes in the intensity or wavelength of the fluorescent signal, which can be used to quantify the concentration of the volatile oil.

[0053] For adsorption membranes, such as activated carbon membranes, molecular sieve membranes, etc., the volatile oil molecules are captured on the membrane surface by utilizing the adsorption effect of the membrane, and the concentration of the volatile oil is analyzed by measuring the adsorption amount or other changes.

[0054] Finally, it should be noted that any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Although the above describes the specific implementation of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings, it is not a limitation of the protection scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that on the basis of the technical solution of the present invention, various modifications or deformations that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative labor are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A highly efficient throttling separation device for volatile oil in a gas mixture, characterized in that: include: A primary separation unit, a throttling expansion valve, an adsorption unit and a separation detection unit; wherein: The inlet end of the throttling expansion valve is connected to the outlet of the primary separation unit, the outlet end of the throttling expansion valve is connected to the inlet of the adsorption unit, and the outlet of the adsorption unit is connected to the inlet of the separation and detection unit; the adsorption unit is filled with adsorption particles capable of adsorbing volatile oil; The interior of the primary separation unit is composed of a first layer of sponge adsorption material, a first oily component separation membrane, and a second layer of sponge adsorption material arranged in sequence from left to right; The interior of the separation and detection unit is composed of a third layer of sponge adsorption material, a second oily component separation membrane, a volatile oil component detection membrane, and a fourth layer of sponge adsorption material arranged in sequence from left to right; the sponge adsorption material includes: at least one of: polymer sponge, aerogel sponge, carbon-based sponge, functionalized sponge, bio-based sponge, and composite sponge material; the thickness ratio of the sponge adsorption material to the oily component separation membrane is 100:1~1000:

1.

2. The highly efficient throttling separation device for volatile oil in a gas mixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The primary separation unit and the separation detection unit are both cylindrical structures.

3. The highly efficient throttling separation device for volatile oil in a gas mixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outlet end of the primary separation unit is closed and communicated with the inlet end of the throttling expansion valve.

4. The highly efficient throttling separation device for volatile oil in a gas mixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The throttling expansion valve is a straight pipe with a diameter smaller than the outlet diameter of the primary separation unit or a trumpet-shaped structure with a narrow front and a wide rear.

5. The highly efficient throttling separation device for volatile oil in a gas mixture according to claim 4, characterized in that: The diameter of the inlet end of the throttling expansion valve is 0.2 to 0.5 times the outlet diameter of the primary separation unit.

6. The highly efficient throttling separation device for volatile oil in a gas mixture according to claim 4, characterized in that: When the throttling expansion valve is a trumpet-shaped structure that is narrow at the front and wide at the back, the diameter of the outlet end of the throttling expansion valve is 0.8 to 1.0 times the inlet diameter of the adsorption unit.

7. The highly efficient throttling separation device for volatile oil in a gas mixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adsorption unit is a cylindrical structure.

8. The highly efficient throttling separation device for volatile oil in a gas mixture according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The adsorption particles include: at least one of activated carbon particles, silica gel particles, polymer adsorption resin particles, oil adsorption bentonite particles, and magnetic adsorption particles; the particle size of the adsorption particles is 0.1-2 mm.

9. The highly efficient throttling separation device for volatile oil in a gas mixture according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The oily component separation membrane comprises: at least one of a microporous membrane, an oleophilic membrane, a polymer film, and a nanofiltration membrane; the thickness of the oily component separation membrane is 10-100 μm.

10. The highly efficient throttling separation device for volatile oil in a gas mixture according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The volatile oil component detection membrane comprises at least one of a gas sensor membrane, a chromatographic membrane, a fluorescence detection membrane, and an adsorption membrane.

Images