A small-scale experimental pneumatic discharge device for aircraft lightning

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of aircraft lightning test and protection, and discloses a small-scale aircraft lightning test pneumatic discharge device, comprising a pneumatic transmission unit, a lightning waveform discharge unit and a residual charge discharge unit. The pneumatic transmission unit comprises an air compressor, an air intake valve, an air storage tank, a pressure regulating valve, an electromagnetic valve drive unit, a main air pressure pipeline, a control valve 1, a control valve 2, a pneumatic cylinder 1 and a pneumatic cylinder 2. The lightning waveform discharge unit comprises a high-voltage discharge switch 1, comprising a high-voltage discharge electrode 1 and a trigger electrode. The residual charge discharge unit comprises a high-voltage discharge switch 2, a discharge resistor 1 and a discharge resistor 2. The invention provides a discharge device for mobile aircraft lightning test equipment, which can achieve high-quality discharge of a maximum of 200kV and a maximum of 200kA, and can ensure the safety of aircraft lightning test at the same time. The designed high-voltage discharge electrode is small in size and easy to install. The pneumatic transmission adopted can avoid interference from a strong electromagnetic environment in a square cabin.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of aircraft lightning test and protection, and more specifically, to a small-scale aircraft lightning test pneumatic discharge device. Background Art

[0002] In order to verify the lightning protection performance of the aircraft, it is necessary to carry out lightning tests on the aircraft, including aircraft lightning current tests and lightning voltage tests. The tests mainly use high-voltage discharge switches to instantly release a large amount of electrical energy to achieve impulse current or impulse voltage, so as to simulate the effects of lightning environment and verify the lightning protection capability of the aircraft. According to the requirements of the aircraft lightning test standards, aircraft lightning tests require not only component-level and system-level tests, but also full-aircraft tests.

[0003] In order to obtain high-quality lightning waveforms, the discharge equipment of the test equipment is required to be able to discharge quickly and evenly. It is particularly important for the discharge device to work with high quality and stability. At the same time, after the lightning test, there is still a large amount of residual charge on the capacitors and test objects of the experimental equipment, and the voltage can reach tens of thousands of volts, which poses a great safety hazard. It is necessary to ground the residual charge. Therefore, the discharge device of the aircraft lightning test equipment must meet the needs of generating high-quality lightning waveforms while taking into account safety requirements. Traditional discharge devices are difficult to meet the discharge requirements of aircraft lightning test equipment.

[0004] One of the key elements of the discharge device is the high-voltage discharge switch. Traditional discharge switches have many shortcomings. Currently, most discharge switches are electromagnetically controlled. Although electromagnetically controlled switches are fast, in the aircraft lightning environment, the control stability of the switch is easily disturbed and produces unexpected switch actions. At the moment the high-voltage switch is closed, the high-voltage and strong current will generate a strong electromagnetic field in the surrounding area. If an electromagnetically controlled switch is used, the strong electromagnetic field will couple into the electromagnetic control unit, causing signal interference, resulting in disordered operation of the high-voltage electromagnetic control switch or even erroneous triggering. Therefore, electromagnetically controlled switches cannot be used in mobile aircraft lightning test equipment. Although traditional mechanical discharge switches can withstand strong electromagnetic environments, mechanical switches in the prior art have problems of slow action or short stroke, and spring propulsion may cause rebound. Therefore, traditional mechanical discharge switches are difficult to meet the needs of large-spacing, fast, and high-quality discharge.

[0005] Regardless of whether it is an electromagnetically controlled or mechanically controlled discharge switch, when the switch is about to contact, the high voltage will break through the air and discharge. Due to the uneven surface of the discharge electrode, tip discharge or uneven discharge is difficult to avoid, resulting in lightning waveform distortion and affecting the test effect.

[0006] Another key to the discharge device is the release of residual charge. After the high-voltage test, the residual charge is still large, posing a safety threat to maintenance personnel. On the one hand, the traditional discharge switch does not take into account the release requirements of the residual charge of the capacitor of the aircraft lightning test device; on the other hand, in order to release the residual charge as quickly as possible while ensuring the safety of the circuit, a load resistor needs to be connected between the switch and the ground. Traditional resistors are costly and cannot withstand the requirements of quickly releasing a large amount of charge. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a discharge device for a mobile aircraft lightning test equipment, which can not only meet the lightning waveform generation requirements (meeting the maximum discharge voltage of 200kV, the maximum discharge current of 200kA, and the discharge duration ≥1s), but also quickly release the residual charge to ensure the safety of the test.

[0008] The present invention provides a small-scale aircraft lightning test pneumatic discharge device, comprising a mobile discharge cabin, a metal shielding box, a pneumatic transmission unit, a lightning waveform discharge unit and a residual charge discharge unit;

[0009] The pneumatic transmission unit includes an air compressor, an air inlet valve, an air storage tank, a pressure regulating valve, a solenoid valve drive unit, a main air pressure pipeline, a control valve 1, a control valve 2, a pneumatic cylinder 1 and a pneumatic cylinder 2;

[0010] The lightning waveform discharge unit includes a high-voltage discharge switch 1, including a high-voltage discharge electrode 1 and a trigger electrode;

[0011] The residual charge discharge unit includes a high voltage discharge switch 2, a discharge resistor 1 and a discharge resistor 2;

[0012] An automatic replenishment module and a cleaning module are arranged on one side of the residual charge discharge unit, and a guide rod is fixedly arranged between the air pressure rod of the second air pressure cylinder and the second high-voltage discharge electrode;

[0013] When the aircraft lightning test equipment is charged, the high voltage discharge electrode 1 and the high voltage discharge electrode 2 are at the highest position;

[0014] During the aircraft lightning test, the control valve 1 is opened, and the pneumatic cylinder 1 quickly drives the high-voltage discharge electrode 1 to move downward. Before contacting the trigger electrode, the high-voltage discharge electrode 1 and the trigger electrode break through the air to form a discharge arc.

[0015] After the aircraft lightning test is completed, the high-voltage discharge electrode 1 and the trigger electrode are kept in a closed state, and the control valve 2 is opened to drive the pneumatic cylinder 2 to push the high-voltage discharge electrode 2 into the water resistor to release the residual charge of the test device and the test object;

[0016] When not working, the high-voltage discharge electrode 2 of the residual charge discharge unit is at the highest position, disconnected from the water resistor, and the high-voltage discharge electrode 1 of the lightning waveform discharge unit is in contact with the trigger electrode and closed.

[0017] As a further solution of the present invention: the discharge electrode action mode of the moving end of the lightning waveform discharge unit is a linear reciprocating type, and the linear reciprocating spacing ensures that the breakdown air voltage is above 1000kV.

[0018] As a further solution of the present invention: the air pressure of the pneumatic transmission unit is regulated by a pressure regulating valve, and the propulsion completion time of the pneumatic cylinder 1 and the pneumatic cylinder 2 is less than or equal to 100ms.

[0019] As a further solution of the present invention: the high-voltage discharge electrode 1 and the trigger electrode adopt a solid sphere structure, and the contact surface between the high-voltage discharge electrode 1 and the trigger electrode is a circular plane.

[0020] As a further solution of the present invention: the cleaning module includes a connecting frame, a transmission member, a cleaning head, a brush body, a stirring member and blades. When the pneumatic cylinder 2 is working, the high-voltage discharge electrode 2 is pressed into the water resistor by pushing the guide rod. The connecting frame is fixedly arranged on the guide rod. The mouth of the organic glass container is rotatably provided with a cleaning head and a stirring member. The cleaning head and the stirring member are matched with the connecting frame through a transmission member. The cleaning head is in the shape of a hollow cylindrical tube. The cleaning head is provided with a brush body which is in compression contact with the surface of the high-voltage discharge electrode 2. The output end of the stirring member is provided with a blade which is inserted into the water resistor.

[0021] As a further solution of the present invention: the transmission member includes a rack, a horizontal shaft, a toothed disc 1, a bevel gear 1, a vertical shaft, a toothed disc 2, a bevel gear 2, a mounting seat and a toothed disc 3. A rack is fixedly arranged on one side of the connecting frame, a horizontal shaft is rotatably installed at the mouth of the organic glass container, a toothed disc 1 matching with the rack is fixedly arranged at one end of the horizontal shaft, and a bevel gear 1 is fixedly installed on the other end, a vertical shaft is rotatably installed on the inner wall of the organic glass container, a bevel gear 2 vertically meshing with the bevel gear 1 is fixedly sleeved on the end of the vertical shaft, a hollow mounting seat is fixedly installed in the organic glass container, a toothed disc 3 is rotatably installed on one side of the top of the mounting seat, a toothed disc 2 meshing with the toothed disc 3 is fixed on the vertical shaft, and a cleaning head is fixedly installed on the top of the toothed disc 3.

[0022] As a further solution of the present invention: the stirring element includes a driving wheel, a belt, a driven wheel and a rod body, the driving wheel is fixedly sleeved on the vertical shaft, the driven wheel is rotatably installed on one side of the bottom of the mounting seat, a belt is cooperated between the driving wheel and the driven wheel, the rod body is symmetrically fixedly installed on the driven wheel, and the rod body is fixedly connected to the blades.

[0023] As a further solution of the present invention: the brush body is in an arc shape, and the brush body is elastic and tends to gather toward the center of the cleaning head.

[0024] As a further solution of the present invention: drainage grooves are equidistantly provided at the end of the brush body, and the drainage grooves are vertical and face the liquid surface of the water resistor.

[0025] As a further solution of the present invention: the automatic replenishment module includes a water pump, a controller, a liquid level detector and a signal line. The controller and the water pump are arranged on one side of the organic glass container. One end of the water pump is connected to an external water source, and the other end is connected to the organic glass container. The organic glass container is equipped with a liquid level detector, and the liquid level detector is electrically connected to the controller through a signal line.

[0026] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0027] The present invention provides a discharge device for mobile aircraft lightning test equipment. The device can achieve high-quality discharge of a maximum of 200 kV and a maximum of 200 kA, and can ensure the safety of aircraft lightning tests. The designed high-voltage discharge electrode is small in size and easy to install. The air pressure transmission adopted can avoid the interference of the strong electromagnetic environment in the cabin. The spherical structure is adopted for discharge to avoid tip discharge, and the discharge is also ensured to be uniform, which can effectively improve the quality of lightning waveforms. The discharge resistor is preferably a water resistor, which has the characteristics of low cost, convenient installation, and tolerance to electrical heat conduction, and is beneficial to frequent aircraft lightning discharge tests. The present invention has a simple and reliable structure, takes into account both the quality and safety of aircraft lightning tests, and can also be used for other impulse voltage and impulse current tests with higher requirements.

[0028] In the entire cleaning module, pneumatic cylinder 2 is used as a power source to drive the movement of the high-voltage discharge electrode 2, driving the rack to move. The movement of the rack drives the gear plate 1 to rotate, thereby rotating the horizontal axis. The cooperation between bevel gear 1 and bevel gear 2 is then used to change the output direction of the rotation effect, driving the vertical axis to rotate. Subsequently, the cooperation between gear plate 2 and gear plate 3 is used to drive the cleaning head together with the brush body therein to rotate, scraping and removing the water contaminated on the high-voltage discharge electrode 2 passing through here, so as to avoid dripping of water on the high-voltage discharge electrode 2 after it is retracted, thereby creating a safety hazard.

[0029] In the stirring element, the rotation of the vertical shaft is transmitted to the driven wheel through the synchronous rotation structure composed of the driving wheel, belt and driven wheel, thereby driving the rod body to rotate. The blades installed on the rod body then stir the water resistor, so that the water in the water resistor remains in a flowing state. The flowing water can effectively pass the current through the entire water body and improve the conductivity performance.

[0030] When the water resistance in the organic glass container is consumed after being discharged, causing the liquid level to drop, the liquid level detector detects this change and transmits the signal back to the controller, which then starts the water pump to replenish the water resistance in the organic glass container. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the operating system of a small-scale aircraft lightning test pneumatic discharge device proposed by the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a lightning waveform discharge unit and a residual charge discharge unit in a small-scale aircraft lightning test pneumatic discharge device proposed by the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a high-voltage electrode of a lightning waveform discharge unit in a small-scale aircraft lightning test pneumatic discharge device proposed by the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the trigger electrode structure of a lightning waveform discharge unit in a small-scale aircraft lightning test pneumatic discharge device proposed by the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the second high-voltage discharge electrode of a residual charge discharge unit in a small-scale aircraft lightning test pneumatic discharge device proposed by the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of an automatic replenishment module and a cleaning module in a small-scale aircraft lightning test pneumatic discharge device proposed by the present invention;

[0037] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the unfolding structure of an automatic supplement module in a small-scale aircraft lightning test pneumatic discharge device proposed by the present invention;

[0038] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the unfolded structure of a cleaning module in a small-scale aircraft lightning test pneumatic discharge device proposed by the present invention;

[0039] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the first unfolded structure of a transmission component in a small-scale aircraft lightning test pneumatic discharge device proposed by the present invention;

[0040] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the second unfolded structure of the transmission part in a small-scale aircraft lightning test pneumatic discharge device proposed by the present invention;

[0041] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cleaning head and the brush body combined in a small-scale aircraft lightning test pneumatic discharge device proposed by the present invention;

[0042] Fig.12 The present invention provides a schematic diagram of the top view of the brush body in a small-scale aircraft lightning test pneumatic discharge device.

[0043] In the figure: 1. Mobile storage compartment; 2. Metal shielding box; 3. AC power supply; 4. Air compressor; 5. Inlet valve; 6. Air storage tank; 7. Pressure regulating valve; 8. Solenoid valve drive unit; 9. Main air pressure pipeline; 10. Control valve 1; 11. Control valve 2; 12. Air pressure cylinder 1; 13. Air pressure cylinder 2; 14. High-voltage discharge switch 1; 15. High-voltage discharge switch 2; 16. Discharge resistor 1; 17. Discharge resistor 2; 18. Branch air pressure pipeline 1; 19. Branch air pressure pipeline 2; 20. High-voltage discharge electrode 1; 21. Trigger electrode; 22. Ground wire; 23. Insulation board 1; 24. Copper conductor; 25. Insulation board 2; 26. Insulation board 3; 27. Insulator 1; 28. High-voltage access line; 29. ​​Insulator 2; 30. Insulation board 4; 31. Insulator 3; 32. Branch air pressure pipeline 3; 33. Branch air pressure pipeline 4; 34. Guide rod; 35. High-voltage discharge electrode 2; 36. Organic glass container; 37. Water resistor; 38. Grounding metal block; 39. Contact circular plane 1; 40. Circular structure 1; 41. Connecting rod 1; 42. Contact circular plane 2; 43. Connecting rod 2; 44. Circular structure 2;

[0044] 50. Automatic replenishment module; 51. Water pump; 52. Controller; 53. Liquid level detector; 54. Signal line;

[0045] 60. Cleaning module; 61. Connecting frame; 62. Transmission member; 621. Rack; 622. Horizontal axis; 623. Toothed disc 1; 624. Bevel gear 1; 625. Vertical axis; 626. Toothed disc 2; 627. Bevel gear 2; 628. Mounting seat; 629. Toothed disc 3; 63. Cleaning head; 64. Brush body; 640. Drain tank; 65. Agitator; 651. Driving wheel; 652. Belt; 653. Driven wheel; 654. Rod body; 66. Blade. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The subject matter described herein will now be discussed with reference to example implementations. It should be understood that the discussion of these implementations is only to enable those skilled in the art to better understand and implement the subject matter described herein, and the functions and arrangements of the elements discussed may be changed without departing from the scope of protection of the contents of this specification. Various examples may omit, replace, or add various processes or components as needed. In addition, the features described in some examples may also be combined in other examples.

[0047] At least one embodiment of the present invention discloses a small-scale experimental pneumatic discharge device for aircraft lightning, such as Figure 1 - Fig.12 As shown, it includes a pneumatic transmission unit, a lightning waveform discharge unit and a residual charge discharge unit.

[0048] The pneumatic transmission unit includes an air compressor 4, an air inlet valve 5, an air storage tank 6, a pressure regulating valve 7, a solenoid valve drive unit 8, a main air pressure pipeline 9, a control valve 1 10, a control valve 2 11, a pneumatic cylinder 1 12 and a pneumatic cylinder 2 13;

[0049] The lightning waveform discharge unit includes a high-voltage discharge switch 14, including a high-voltage discharge electrode 20 and a trigger electrode 21;

[0050] The residual charge discharge unit includes a high voltage discharge switch 2 15, a discharge resistor 1 16 and a discharge resistor 2 17;

[0051] The hollow compressor 4, the air inlet valve 5, the air storage tank 6, the pressure regulating valve 7, the solenoid valve drive unit 8, the control valve 1 10 and the control valve 2 11 are electromagnetically isolated to avoid interference from the strong electromagnetic environment in the mobile storage cabin 1;

[0052] The pneumatic cylinder 1 12 , the pneumatic cylinder 2 13 , the branch pneumatic pipeline 1 18 , the branch pneumatic pipeline 2 19 , the branch pneumatic pipeline 3 32 and the branch pneumatic pipeline 4 33 are all placed in the mobile storage compartment 1 .

[0053] The discharge electrode action mode of the moving end of the above-mentioned lightning waveform discharge unit is a straight-line reciprocating type to ensure that the arc discharge will not bifurcate; the straight-line reciprocating spacing should ensure that the breakdown air voltage is above 1000kV to avoid premature discharge.

[0054] The air pressure of the above-mentioned pneumatic transmission unit can be adjusted by the pressure regulating valve 7 to ensure that the propulsion completion time of the above-mentioned pneumatic cylinder 1 12 and pneumatic cylinder 2 13 is less than or equal to 100ms;

[0055] The high-voltage discharge electrode 20 and the trigger electrode 21 are solid spherical structures to ensure that the high-voltage discharge electrode 20 and the trigger electrode 21 will not be deformed after multiple tests; the contact surface of the high-voltage discharge electrode 20 and the trigger electrode 21 is a circular plane to increase the discharge contact area and reduce the degree of discharge ablation; the ratio of the spherical structure of the high-voltage discharge electrode 20 and the trigger electrode 21 to the diameter of the connecting rod 1 41 (connecting rod 2 43) is not less than 3:1 to avoid the connection rod 1 41 or the connection rod 2 43 from participating in the discharge;

[0056] One end of the trigger electrode 21 is grounded through a ground line 22 .

[0057] The residual charge discharge unit does not require high discharge accuracy. While satisfying the requirement of rapid and safe release of residual charge, it ensures that the discharge resistor 16 dissipates heat in time and the cost is controllable. Preferably, the discharge resistor 16 adopts a water resistor 37; the resistance value of the discharge resistor 16 is controlled to be above 100kΩ, and one end is grounded.

[0058] Reference Figure 1As shown, the discharge device of the present invention is suitable for aircraft lightning test, a metal shielding box 2 is constructed in a mobile release cabin 1, an air compressor 4, an air intake valve 5, an air storage tank 6, a pressure regulating valve 7, an electromagnetic valve drive unit 8, a control valve 10 and a control valve 2 11 are installed in the metal shielding box 2, a hole with a diameter of about 50 mm is opened at an appropriate position of the metal shielding box 2, and a main air pressure pipeline 9 passes through, and a lightning waveform discharge unit and a residual charge discharge unit are installed in the mobile release cabin 1;

[0059] Any hole or seam of the metal shielding box 2 is used for electromagnetic shielding;

[0060] The electrical components installed in the metal shielding box 2 are powered by an AC power supply 3;

[0061] In the above, the pressure regulating valve 7 is electromagnetic pressure regulating, and the control valve 10 and the control valve 2 11 are electromagnetically controlled;

[0062] The cylinder bodies and the pneumatic rods of the pneumatic cylinder 12 and the pneumatic cylinder 2 13 used in the present invention are made of conductive metal, preferably aluminum alloy, to ensure good conductivity between the cylinder bodies and the pneumatic rods;

[0063] The pressure regulating valve 7 can adjust the air pressure range to 0.1MPa~0.8MPa;

[0064] Reference Figure 2 As shown, the pneumatic cylinder 12 and the pneumatic cylinder 2 13 are respectively mounted on the insulating plate 1 23 and the insulating plate 4 30 by bolts, the insulating plate 1 23 and the insulating plate 4 30 are respectively mounted on the insulator 2 29 and the insulator 3 31, the trigger electrode 21 is mounted on the insulating plate 3 26, the insulating plate 3 26 is mounted on the insulator 1 27 by countersunk bolts, and the insulating plate 25 is adhered to the insulating plate 3 26 by adhesive, covering the countersunk bolts of the insulating plate 3 26 to prevent the bolts from triggering discharge;

[0065] Insulator 1 27 and insulator 29 are installed on the floor of the mobile discharge chamber 1. During installation, ensure that the center lines of the high-voltage discharge electrode and the trigger electrode 21 are collinear, and the error radius does not exceed 0.5 mm;

[0066] The installation height of the insulator 29 and the insulating plate 23 ensures that when the pneumatic cylinder 12 is pushed to the end, the contact plane 1 of the high-voltage discharge electrode 20 and the contact circular plane 2 42 of the trigger electrode 21 are just in contact, and the error range is between 0mm and 1mm;

[0067] The propulsion distance of the pneumatic rod of the pneumatic cylinder 12 is 40 cm, and the breakdown voltage is about 1200 kV;

[0068] Insulator 31 is installed next to insulator 29, according to Figure 2 Arrange in such a way that the distance between the pneumatic cylinder 1 12 and the pneumatic cylinder 2 13 is greater than 1.5 m;

[0069] The organic glass container 36 is installed below the high-voltage discharge electrode 35, and the center line of the container is collinear with the center line of the pneumatic cylinder 13, and the error radius does not exceed 2mm;

[0070] The high-voltage discharge electrode 1 20 and the high-voltage discharge electrode 2 35 are respectively fixed to the pneumatic rods of the pneumatic cylinder 1 12 and the pneumatic cylinder 2 13 by means of threaded connection;

[0071] A guide rod 34 is fixedly arranged between the pneumatic rod of the pneumatic cylinder 13 and the high-voltage discharge electrode 35;

[0072] The high-voltage discharge electrode 1 20 is directly connected to the copper wire 24 to reduce the structural resistance. The length of the copper wire 24 meets the propulsion requirements of the pneumatic cylinder 1 12 and the pneumatic cylinder 2 13.

[0073] The cylinder body of the pneumatic cylinder 13 is connected to the copper wire 24 by a threaded connection; the copper wire 24 is connected to the high-voltage access line 28; the cross-sectional area of ​​the copper wire 24 and the high-voltage access line 28 is 30 mm2, and there is a high-voltage insulation layer;

[0074] The depth of the water resistor 37 contained in the organic glass container 36 can ensure that when the advancement of the air pressure cylinder 13 is terminated, the high-voltage discharge electrode 35 can be completely immersed in the water resistor 37; the length of the organic glass container 36 ensures that the upper end surface is not less than 200mm above the liquid level of the water resistor 37 to prevent a large amount of splashing of the solution of the water resistor 37 after boiling;

[0075] A corrosion-resistant grounded metal block 38 is installed on the bottom surface of the organic glass container 36;

[0076] The water used for preparing the water resistor 37 is distilled water, the electrolyte component can be salt or resistor powder, etc., and the resistance value of the water resistor 37 is greater than 100 kΩ;

[0077] Reference Figure 3 As shown, the structure of the high-voltage discharge electrode 20 and the trigger electrode 21 is shown in the figure, refer to Figure 4 As shown, the structure style of the high-voltage discharge electrode 2 35 is shown in the figure, and the high-voltage discharge electrode 1 20 and the trigger electrode 21 adopt a solid structure;

[0078] Preferably, the high-voltage discharge electrode 20 and the trigger electrode 21 are made of copper;

[0079] The diameter of the circular structure 140 of the high-voltage discharge electrode 120 is 50 mm, the diameter of the connecting rod 141 of the high-voltage discharge electrode 120 is 15 mm, the diameter of the circular structure 244 of the trigger electrode 21 is 50 mm, and the diameter of the connecting rod 243 of the trigger electrode 21 is 15 mm;

[0080] The surface of the circular structure 40 of the high-voltage discharge electrode 20 and the contact circular plane 39 are smoothly transitioned; the surface of the circular structure 44 of the trigger electrode 21 and the contact circular plane 42 are smoothly transitioned, and the roughness is less than 1.6 μm, so as to improve the discharge quality;

[0081] The high-voltage discharge electrode 20 and the trigger electrode 21 are made of good electrical conductors, preferably copper;

[0082] refer to Figure 5 As shown, the structure of the high-voltage discharge electrode 2 35 is shown in the figure. The design of the high-voltage discharge electrode 2 35 meets the installation requirements. Preferably, a solid structure is adopted and made of aluminum alloy;

[0083] The operating steps of the present invention are:

[0084] Before the test, adjust the pressure of the air pressure circuit by debugging the pressure regulating valve 77 until the propulsion working time of the air pressure cylinder 12 of the lightning waveform discharge unit is less than 100ms;

[0085] When the aircraft lightning test equipment is charged, the high voltage discharge electrode 1 20 and the high voltage discharge electrode 2 35 are located at the highest position;

[0086] During the aircraft lightning test, the control valve 10 is opened, and the pneumatic cylinder 12 quickly drives the high-voltage discharge electrode 20 to move downward. Before contacting the trigger electrode 21, the high-voltage discharge electrode 20 and the trigger electrode 21 will break through the air to form a discharge arc.

[0087] After the aircraft lightning test is completed, the high-voltage discharge electrode 1 20 and the trigger electrode 21 are kept in a closed state, and the control valve 2 11 is opened to drive the pneumatic cylinder 2 13 to push the high-voltage discharge electrode 2 35 into the water resistor 37 to release the residual charge of the test device and the test object;

[0088] When not working, the high-voltage discharge electrode 2 35 of the residual charge discharge unit should be at the highest position, disconnected from the water resistor 37, and the high-voltage discharge electrode 1 20 of the lightning waveform discharge unit and the trigger electrode 21 are in contact and closed;

[0089] After the residual charge is released, in preparation for the next discharge test, it is necessary to drive the pneumatic cylinder 13 to move in the reverse direction to pull the high-voltage discharge electrode 35 back. When the high-voltage discharge electrode 35 is separated from the water resistor 37, some water will be contaminated on its surface. If the water is not cleaned in time, it will continue to drip. At this time, if the next test is directly entered, a large amount of charge on the high-voltage discharge electrode 35 will be released with the dripping of the water, causing safety hazards. For this reason, the present invention is provided with a cleaning module 60 for improvement, specifically:

[0090] The cleaning module 60 includes a connecting frame 61, a transmission member 62, a cleaning head 63, a brush body 64, a stirring member 65 and a blade 66. When the pneumatic cylinder 13 is working, the high-voltage discharge electrode 35 is pressed into the water resistor 37 by pushing the guide rod 34. The connecting frame 61 is fixedly arranged on the guide rod 34. The mouth of the organic glass container 36 is rotatably provided with a cleaning head 63 and a stirring member 65. The cleaning head 63 and the stirring member 65 cooperate with the connecting frame 61 through a transmission member 62. The cleaning head 63 is in a hollow cylindrical shape. The cleaning head 63 is provided with a brush body 64 that is in compression contact with the surface of the high-voltage discharge electrode 35. The output end of the stirring member 65 is provided with a blade 66 that is inserted into the water resistor 37.

[0091] When the connecting frame 61 moves under the drive of the pneumatic cylinder 13, the cleaning head 63 and the blade 66 are driven to rotate through the transmission member 62. When the cleaning head 63 rotates, the brush body 64 rotates and scrapes the surface of the high-voltage discharge electrode 35 passing through, and the blade 66 rotates to stir the water resistor 37.

[0092] The transmission member 62 includes a rack 621, a horizontal shaft 622, a toothed disc 1 623, a bevel gear 1 624, a vertical shaft 625, a toothed disc 2 626, a bevel gear 2 627, a mounting seat 628 and a toothed disc 3 629. A rack 621 is fixedly arranged on one side of the connecting frame 61, and a horizontal shaft 622 is rotatably mounted on the mouth of the organic glass container 36. A toothed disc 1 623 cooperating with the rack 621 is fixedly arranged on one end of the horizontal shaft 622, and a bevel gear 1 62 is fixedly mounted on the other end. 4. A vertical shaft 625 is rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the organic glass container 36, and a bevel gear 2 627 vertically meshing with a bevel gear 1 624 is fixedly sleeved on the end of the vertical shaft 625. A hollow mounting seat 628 is fixedly mounted in the organic glass container 36, and a toothed disc 3 629 is rotatably mounted on one side of the top of the mounting seat 628. A toothed disc 2 626 meshing with the toothed disc 3 629 is fixed on the vertical shaft 625, and a cleaning head 63 is fixedly mounted on the top of the toothed disc 3 629.

[0093] The stirring member 65 includes a driving wheel 651, a belt 652, a driven wheel 653 and a rod body 654. The driving wheel 651 is fixedly sleeved on the vertical shaft 625, and the driven wheel 653 is rotatably mounted on one side of the bottom of the mounting seat 628. A belt 652 is provided between the driving wheel 651 and the driven wheel 653. The rod body 654 is symmetrically fixedly mounted on the driven wheel 653, and the rod body 654 is fixedly connected to the blade 66.

[0094] In the entire cleaning module 60, the pneumatic cylinder 13 is used as a power source to drive the movement of the high-voltage discharge electrode 35, and the rack 621 is driven to move. The movement of the rack 621 drives the toothed disc 1 623 to rotate, thereby rotating the horizontal axis 622. Then, the bevel gear 1 624 and the bevel gear 2 627 are used to change the output direction of the rotation effect, and the vertical axis 625 is driven to rotate. Then, the toothed disc 2 626 and the toothed disc 3 629 are used to drive the cleaning head 63 and the brush body 64 therein to rotate, and the water contaminated on the high-voltage discharge electrode 35 passing therethrough is scraped and removed, so as to avoid the water dripping on the high-voltage discharge electrode 35 after it is retracted, which may cause safety hazards.

[0095] In addition, this rotation output also acts on the stirring member 65. In the stirring member 65, the rotation of the vertical shaft 625 is transmitted to the driven wheel 653 through the synchronous rotation structure composed of the driving wheel 651, the belt 652 and the driven wheel 653, thereby driving the rod body 654 to rotate. The blades 66 installed on the rod body 654 then stir the water resistor 37, so that the water in the water resistor 37 remains in a flowing state. The advantages of this implementation are:

[0096] Still water may contain sediment, bubbles or contaminants, which can affect conductivity and cause unstable resistance. Flowing water helps maintain the consistency of conductivity. Water flow can promote uniform temperature distribution and avoid conductivity fluctuations caused by local temperature changes. Temperature has a significant effect on the conductivity of water, so flowing water helps to maintain a stable temperature throughout the system, thereby improving the consistency of resistance. Flowing water can effectively pass current through the entire water body and improve conductivity.

[0097] In addition to the above, there are some enhancements:

[0098] The brush body 64 is in an arc shape and is elastic, tending to gather toward the center of the cleaning head 63 . This arrangement can increase the uniformity of removing water from the surface of the high-voltage discharge electrode 35 .

[0099] The ends of the brush body 64 are provided with drainage grooves 640 at equal distances. The drainage grooves 640 are vertical and face the liquid surface of the water resistor 37 . The setting of the drainage grooves 640 can quickly drain the brush body 64 and allow the water separated from the brush body 64 to be replenished into the water resistor 37 , thereby reducing the consumption of the water resistor 37 .

[0100] In addition, when the present invention is implemented, still on the side of the residual charge discharge unit, when the water resistor 37 is used to perform the discharge operation of the high-voltage discharge electrode 2 35, the water resistor 37 will be consumed to a certain extent, resulting in a decrease in the liquid level, which is not conducive to the subsequent experiments. For this reason, the present invention introduces an automatic replenishment module 50, specifically:

[0101] The automatic replenishment module 50 includes a water pump 51, a controller 52, a liquid level detector 53 and a signal line 54. The controller 52 and the water pump 51 are arranged on one side of the organic glass container 36. One end of the water pump 51 is connected to an external water source, and the other end is connected to the organic glass container 36. The organic glass container 36 is equipped with a liquid level detector 53, and the liquid level detector 53 is electrically connected to the controller 52 through a signal line 54.

[0102] When the water resistor 37 in the organic glass container 36 is consumed after being discharged, causing the liquid level to drop, the liquid level detector 53 detects this change and transmits a signal back to the controller 52 , which then starts the water pump 51 to replenish the water resistor 37 in the organic glass container 36 .

[0103] The above describes an embodiment of the present invention, but this embodiment is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation mode. The above-mentioned specific implementation mode is merely illustrative and not restrictive. Under the guidance of this embodiment, ordinary technicians in this field can also make more forms of equivalent embodiments, all of which are within the protection of this embodiment.

Claims

1. A small-scale experimental pneumatic discharge device for aircraft lightning, characterized in that: It comprises a mobile discharge chamber (1), a metal shielding box (2), a pneumatic transmission unit, a lightning waveform discharge unit and a residual charge discharge unit; The pneumatic transmission unit comprises an air compressor (4), an air inlet valve (5), an air storage tank (6), a pressure regulating valve (7), a solenoid valve drive unit (8), a main air pressure pipeline (9), a control valve 1 (10), a control valve 2 (11), a pneumatic cylinder 1 (12) and a pneumatic cylinder 2 (13); The lightning waveform discharge unit comprises a high-voltage discharge switch (14), comprising a high-voltage discharge electrode (20) and a trigger electrode (21); The residual charge discharge unit comprises a high voltage discharge switch 2 (15), a discharge resistor 1 (16) and a discharge resistor 2 (17); An automatic replenishment module (50) and a cleaning module (60) are provided on one side of the residual charge discharge unit, and a guide rod (34) is fixedly provided between the pneumatic rod of the second pneumatic cylinder (13) and the second high-voltage discharge electrode (35); When the aircraft lightning test equipment is charged, the high voltage discharge electrode 1 (20) and the high voltage discharge electrode 2 (35) are at the highest position; During the aircraft lightning test, the control valve (10) is opened, and the pneumatic cylinder (12) quickly drives the high-voltage discharge electrode (20) to move downward. Before contacting the trigger electrode (21), the high-voltage discharge electrode (20) and the trigger electrode (21) break through the air to form a discharge arc. After the aircraft lightning test is completed, the high-voltage discharge electrode 1 (20) and the trigger electrode (21) are kept in a closed state, and the control valve 2 (11) is opened to drive the pneumatic cylinder 2 (13) to push the high-voltage discharge electrode 2 (35) into the water resistor (37) to release the residual charge of the test device and the test object; When not in operation, the high-voltage discharge electrode 2 (35) of the residual charge discharge unit is at the highest position and is disconnected from the water resistor (37), and the high-voltage discharge electrode 1 (20) of the lightning waveform discharge unit and the trigger electrode (21) are in contact and closed.

2. The aircraft lightning small-scale experimental pneumatic discharge device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The discharge pole action mode of the moving end of the lightning waveform discharge unit is a straight-line reciprocating type, and the straight-line reciprocating spacing ensures that the breakdown air voltage is above 1000kV.

3. The aircraft lightning small-scale experimental pneumatic discharge device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The air pressure of the pneumatic transmission unit is adjusted by a pressure regulating valve (7), and the propulsion completion time of the pneumatic cylinder 1 (12) and the pneumatic cylinder 2 (13) is less than or equal to 100 ms.

4. The aircraft lightning small-scale experimental pneumatic discharge device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The high-voltage discharge electrode (20) and the trigger electrode (21) adopt a solid spherical structure, and the contact surface between the high-voltage discharge electrode (20) and the trigger electrode (21) is a circular plane.

5. The aircraft lightning small-scale experimental pneumatic discharge device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The cleaning module (60) comprises a connecting frame (61), a transmission member (62), a cleaning head (63), a brush body (64), a stirring member (65) and a blade (66). When the second pneumatic cylinder (13) is working, the second high-voltage discharge electrode (35) is pressed into the water resistor (37) by pushing the guide rod (34). The connecting frame (61) is fixedly arranged on the guide rod (34). The mouth of the organic glass container (36) is rotatably provided with a cleaning head (63) and a stirring member (65). The cleaning head (63) and the stirring member (65) are matched with the connecting frame (61) through a transmission member (62). The cleaning head (63) is in the shape of a hollow circular tube. The cleaning head (63) is provided with a brush body (64) which is in compression contact with the surface of the second high-voltage discharge electrode (35). The output end of the stirring member (65) is provided with a blade (66) which is inserted into the water resistor (37).

6. The aircraft lightning small-scale experimental pneumatic discharge device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The transmission member (62) comprises a rack (621), a transverse shaft (622), a toothed disc (623), a bevel gear (624), a vertical shaft (625), a toothed disc (626), a bevel gear (627), a mounting seat (628) and a toothed disc (629). The rack (621) is fixedly arranged on one side of the connecting frame (61). The mouth of the organic glass container (36) is rotatably mounted with a transverse shaft (622). A toothed disc (623) cooperating with the rack (621) is fixedly arranged on one end of the transverse shaft (622). A bevel gear (624) is fixedly arranged on the other end of the transverse shaft (622). A vertical shaft (625) is rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the organic glass container (36), and a second bevel gear (627) vertically meshing with the first bevel gear (624) is fixedly sleeved on the end of the vertical shaft (625). A hollow mounting seat (628) is fixedly mounted in the organic glass container (36), and a toothed disc (629) is rotatably mounted on one side of the top of the mounting seat (628). A second toothed disc (626) meshing with the third toothed disc (629) is fixedly mounted on the vertical shaft (625), and a cleaning head (63) is fixedly mounted on the top of the third toothed disc (629).

7. The aircraft lightning small-scale experimental pneumatic discharge device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The stirring member (65) comprises a driving wheel (651), a belt (652), a driven wheel (653) and a rod body (654); the driving wheel (651) is fixedly sleeved on the vertical shaft (625); the driven wheel (653) is rotatably mounted on one side of the bottom of the mounting seat (628); a belt (652) is provided between the driving wheel (651) and the driven wheel (653); the rod body (654) is symmetrically fixedly mounted on the driven wheel (653); and the rod body (654) is fixedly connected to the blade (66).

8. The aircraft lightning small-scale experimental pneumatic discharge device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The brush body (64) is in an arc shape and has elasticity, tending to gather towards the center of the cleaning head (63).

9. The aircraft lightning small-scale experimental pneumatic discharge device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The end of the brush body (64) is provided with drainage grooves (640) at equal distances, and the drainage grooves (640) are vertical and directly face the liquid surface of the water resistor (37).

10. The aircraft lightning small-scale experimental pneumatic discharge device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The automatic replenishment module (50) comprises a water pump (51), a controller (52), a liquid level detector (53) and a signal line (54). The controller (52) and the water pump (51) are arranged on one side of the organic glass container (36). One end of the water pump (51) is connected to an external water source, and the other end is communicated with the organic glass container (36). The organic glass container (36) is provided with a liquid level detector (53). The liquid level detector (53) is electrically connected to the controller (52) via the signal line (54).

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