Small-scale indoor debris flow simulation experiment equipment and method

Abstract

The invention discloses small-scale indoor debris flow simulation experiment equipment and a small-scale indoor debris flow simulation experiment method, the small-scale indoor debris flow simulation experiment equipment comprises a bearing table, a separation assembly is mounted on the top wall of the bearing table, and a filtering assembly is mounted at the bottom of the bearing table and located below the separation assembly. According to the small-scale indoor debris flow simulation experiment equipment and method, the slope angle in the natural environment is simulated by adjusting the angle of the simulation plate, vegetation planted on the slope in the natural environment is simulated, and the driving motor drives the adjusting lead screw to rotate, so that when a debris flow simulation experiment is carried out, the slope angle is adjusted; the device can simulate the angles of various hillsides in the natural environment, scouring of different rainfall to hillside soil, soil fixation of vegetation and trees, and scouring of a gravel-mud-water mixture scoured from the top of the hillside to the middle of the hillside, and the whole device can simulate the formation condition of debris flow in the natural environment to a greater extent. And a theoretical basis is laid for subsequent natural disaster prevention and control.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of civil engineering, and in particular to a small-scale indoor debris flow simulation experiment device and method. Background Art

[0002] The debris flow simulation experiment is an experimental method that simulates the conditions for debris flow to explore its formation mechanism, movement characteristics and influencing factors. The main purpose of the debris flow simulation experiment is to explore the influence of different factors on the formation and movement of debris flow through the control variable method, including precipitation intensity, precipitation, terrain conditions, material conditions, etc., so as to reveal the natural laws of debris flow and provide a scientific basis for the prediction, early warning and prevention of debris flow disasters. The experimental principle is that debris flow is a special torrent formed in mountainous areas or other areas with deep valleys and steep terrain due to factors such as heavy rain and melting ice and snow. A large amount of loose materials such as mud, sand, and stones flow rapidly along the slope or valley under the action of gravity. Debris flow has the characteristics of suddenness, fast flow rate, large flow, large material capacity and strong destructive power.

[0003] Patent number CN218521707U discloses a debris flow simulation test bench, which relates to the field of debris flow simulation technology. The debris flow simulation test bench includes a base plate, the top of which is fixedly connected to a side fixing frame, the top of which is provided with a spray assembly, the spray assembly including a fixed plate, the side of the fixed plate being fixedly connected to the side of the side fixing frame, the surface of the fixed plate being fixedly connected to a slider, the surface of the fixed plate being movably connected to a shell, the side of the shell being provided with a chute, the inner wall of the chute being movably connected to the surface of the slider, the bottom of the shell being embedded with a nozzle, the top of the shell being fixedly connected to a water tank, the interior of the water tank being provided with a water pump, the water pump being connected to the shell via a water pipe, and the top of the water tank being provided with a water inlet. By providing the shell, fixed plate, slider, water tank, nozzle, and water pump, a more convenient and refined simulation method is achieved.

[0004] There are certain shortcomings in the use of the above-mentioned device: the above-mentioned device directly piles sand and gravel on the top of the flat bottom plate, and checks the sliding of sand and gravel by flushing with water. However, in the natural environment, the mountains and the slopes where sand and gravel are piled have a certain slope. The above-mentioned device cannot simulate the state of the mountain in the natural environment in more detail, which leads to the data being not rigorous enough when conducting simulation experiments.

[0005] To this end, the present invention provides a small-scale indoor debris flow simulation experimental device and method to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a small-scale indoor debris flow simulation experimental device and method to solve the above problems.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: a small-scale indoor debris flow simulation experimental equipment and method, comprising a receiving platform, a separation component is installed on the top wall of the receiving platform, a filter component is installed on the bottom of the receiving platform and below the separation component, an adjustment component is installed on the right side wall of the receiving platform, a simulation component is installed on the top wall of the adjustment component, and support legs are fixedly installed on the bottom wall of the receiving platform and the bottom wall of the simulation component;

[0008] The adjustment component includes a simulation board, a mounting groove is provided on the right side wall of the receiving platform, the left side of the simulation board is rotatably installed in the inner wall of the mounting groove through a rotating shaft, a number of baffles are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the simulation board, and the top walls of the baffles are all provided with rounded corners, a mounting frame is screwed on the middle part of the bottom wall of the simulation component by bolts, an adjusting screw is rotatably installed on the inner wall of the mounting frame, a sliding block is screwed on the outer wall of the adjusting screw, a moving seat is fixedly installed on the top wall of the sliding block, support rods are hingedly installed on the front and rear parts of the top wall of the moving seat, and a driving motor is fixedly installed on the right side wall of the mounting frame.

[0009] Through the above technical solution, the setting of the adjustment component can be adjusted to adjust the lifting angle of the simulation board, thereby simulating the angle of the slope in the natural environment.

[0010] Furthermore, the simulation board is located on the right side of the receiving platform, and the simulation board is U-shaped. The left side of the mounting frame extends to the bottom of the simulation board. The outer walls of the sliding blocks are slidably connected to the inner walls of the mounting frame. The top ends of the support rods are hingedly mounted to the bottom wall of the simulation board. The power shaft of the drive motor passes through the mounting frame and is fixedly connected to the adjusting screw through the bearing. Support frames are fixedly installed on the front and rear walls of the mounting frame, and the right ends of the support frames are fixedly connected to the corresponding side walls of the support legs.

[0011] Through the above technical solution, the driving motor drives the adjusting screw to rotate, and then drives the sliding block to move, so that the support rod supports and fixes the simulation board.

[0012] Furthermore, the simulation component includes a mounting platform, which is located on the right side of the simulation board. The bottom wall of the mounting platform is fixedly connected to the right side of the top wall of the mounting frame. The top wall of the mounting platform is provided with a discharge outlet, which is "L"-shaped. The top wall of the mounting platform and the position corresponding to the discharge outlet are connected to a feed hopper. The middle part of the top wall of the mounting platform is provided with an inlet trough. The left side of the top wall of the mounting platform is screwed with an L-shaped seat. The left side of the top wall of the mounting platform is fixedly provided with a precipitation bend pipe through a number of connecting blocks. The bottom of the outer wall of the precipitation bend pipe is connected to a precipitation hood.

[0013] Through the above technical solution, small pieces of sand and gravel can be put into the feed hopper and mixed with water in the discharge hopper and then flow out.

[0014] Furthermore, an adjustable liquid pump is fixedly installed on the rear wall of the mounting platform, and the water outlet of the adjustable liquid pump is connected to a water outlet pipe, and the top of the water outlet pipe is connected to a tee pipe, and an electric control valve is fixedly installed on both sides of the left and right sides of the outer wall of the tee pipe, and the left end of the tee pipe is connected to a connecting pipe, and the front end of the connecting pipe passes through the L-shaped seat and is connected to the precipitation bend pipe, and the right end of the tee pipe is connected to a guide pipe, and the bottom wall of the guide pipe is connected to a number of water outlet nozzles, and the water outlet nozzles are located in the inner cavity of the inlet trough.

[0015] Through the above technical solution, the adjustable liquid pump can adjust the amount of water pumped, thereby simulating the amount of rainfall in a natural environment and the intensity of scouring the sand, gravel and soil on the hillside.

[0016] Furthermore, the water inlet of the adjustable liquid pump is connected to a three-way pipe 2, and electric control valves 2 are installed on both sides of the left and right outer walls of the three-way pipe 2. The right end of the three-way pipe 2 is connected to the external water tank, and the left end of the three-way pipe 2 is connected to the water inlet pipe, and the left end of the water inlet pipe is connected to the bottom wall of the filter assembly.

[0017] Through the above technical solution, the liquid pump can be adjusted to pump water from the external water tank through the two-way pipe, and the opening and closing of the water flow can be controlled by the two electrically controlled valves.

[0018] Furthermore, the filtering assembly includes a containing frame, the right side wall of the containing frame is fixedly connected to the side wall of the supporting leg of the bottom wall of the receiving platform, the left side wall of the containing frame is fixedly connected to the right side wall of the separation assembly, and a plurality of placement racks are evenly fixedly installed on the inner wall of the containing frame, and the plurality of placement racks are evenly arranged up and down.

[0019] Through the above technical solution, the containing frame is mainly used to contain the water source after the experiment, and then reuse it.

[0020] Furthermore, a fine filter is placed on the top wall of the placement rack at the bottom, a coarse filter is placed on the top wall of the placement rack in the middle, and a fine sand filter layer is placed on the top wall of the placement rack at the top. The bottom wall of the accommodating frame is connected to the left end of the water inlet pipe.

[0021] Through the above technical solution, the fine filter mesh, the coarse filter mesh and the fine sand filter layer can perform multi-stage filtration on the water after the experiment, and then use it multiple times in the subsequent process, which has good resource protection.

[0022] Furthermore, the separation component includes a discharge plate, a discharge port is opened in the middle of the top wall of the receiving platform, the outer wall of the discharge plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the discharge port, the discharge plate is arranged at an angle, the discharge plate is located at the top of the receiving frame, and a number of through openings are evenly opened on the top wall of the discharge plate. A collection frame is fixedly installed on the left side wall of the receiving frame, the side wall of the collection frame is fixedly connected to the side wall of the supporting leg, and the right side of the top wall of the collection frame matches the position of the discharge plate.

[0023] Through the above technical solution, the aggregate frame is mainly used to collect sand, gravel, soil and the like after separation.

[0024] Furthermore, an inclined plate is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the aggregate frame, and the inclined plate is higher in the front and lower in the back. A discharge port is opened on the back wall of the aggregate frame, and a shielding plate is fixedly installed on the top wall of the aggregate frame.

[0025] Through the above technical solution, the sand, gravel and soil that fall into the aggregate frame slide out from the inclined plate and are discharged to the outside of the equipment from the discharge port.

[0026] A small-scale indoor debris flow simulation experimental method comprises the following steps:

[0027] S1. Adjusting the angle of the simulation board: When conducting a debris flow simulation experiment indoors, the angle of the simulation board can be adjusted first to simulate the angle of a hillside in a natural environment. The setting of the baffle can simulate the soil-fixing properties of vegetation and trees planted on the hillside in a natural environment. The baffle has a certain blocking property. By starting the drive motor to drive the adjusting screw to rotate, the adjusting screw drives the sliding block to slide along the outer wall of the adjusting screw in the inner wall of the mounting frame when the adjusting screw rotates. Then, when the sliding block moves, it drives the moving seat and the support rod to move. When the support rod moves, it drives the right side of the simulation board to start rising, and then the simulation board drives the rotating shaft to rotate in the inner wall of the mounting groove, thus completing the angle adjustment of the simulation board;

[0028] S2. Simulation experiment: When sand, gravel and soil are placed on the inner wall of the simulation board, the electric control valve 2 on the left is closed, and the electric control valve 2 and the electric control valve 1 on the right are all opened. Water is pumped from the external water tank through the adjustable liquid pump, and is injected into the inside of the three-way pipe 1 after passing through the outlet pipe. Then the water source enters the connecting pipe and the guide pipe at the same time. The water entering the water outlet nozzle is discharged from the inlet trough through the water outlet nozzle and flows to the simulation board through the outlet. At the same time, some crushed sand and gravel are put into the outlet from the feed hopper and mixed with water. After the water is combined, it flows to the sand, gravel and soil accumulated on the simulation board, simulating the sand, gravel and mud blocks washed down from the top of the mountain by water flow. The water entering the connecting pipe is discharged from the precipitation cover through the precipitation elbow and sprayed out through the precipitation cover to fall on the sand, gravel and soil accumulated on the top of the simulation board, simulating the scene of the soil on the mountain being washed by rainwater during the rainy season. By operating the adjustable liquid pump to control the size of the water absorption of the second part of the three-way pipe, the size of the discharge of the precipitation cover and the water outlet nozzle is controlled, which can simulate the intensity of the scouring of the soil and gravel on the mountain due to the different rainfall amounts in the natural environment;

[0029] S3. Cleaning sand and gravel: When the simulation experiment is completed, the driving motor is started to drive the adjusting screw to rotate. When the adjusting screw rotates, the sliding block is driven to slide along the outer wall of the adjusting screw in the inner wall of the mounting frame, and then the sliding block drives the moving seat and the support rod to move when the sliding block moves. When the support rod moves, the right side of the simulation plate begins to rise, and then the simulation plate drives the rotating shaft to rotate in the inner wall of the mounting groove to adjust the angle of the simulation plate to a larger value. The sand and gravel on the simulation plate and the sand and gravel washed to the top of the receiving platform all slide onto the receiving platform, and after passing through the discharge port and the discharge plate, the large particles of sand and gravel pass through the discharge plate and fall onto the inclined plate in the aggregate frame and slide out from the discharge port. At the same time, the shielding plate raises the aggregate frame to prevent large particles of sand and gravel from rushing out of the aggregate frame. The fine water and sand and gravel mixture falls into the filter assembly after separation through the discharge plate and the through port;

[0030] S4. Separation of water-sand-gravel mixture: After the water-sand-gravel mixture falls into the holding frame, the fine sand will be filtered by the fine sand filter layer and remain on the fine sand filter layer. The water will flow downward from the fine sand filter layer and pass through the coarse filter mesh and the fine filter mesh in sequence before being stored at the bottom of the holding frame. Therefore, when the experiment is carried out next time, the second electric control valve on the left can be opened, and the adjustable liquid pump can be used to suck out the water stored in the holding frame through the cooperation of the second tee pipe and the water inlet pipe for continued use, which can reuse water resources and reduce resource waste.

[0031] Beneficial effects

[0032] The present invention provides a small-scale indoor debris flow simulation experimental device and method. Compared with the existing technology, it has the following advantages:

[0033] (1) The small-scale indoor debris flow simulation experimental equipment and method simulates the angle of the hillside in the natural environment by adjusting the angle of the simulation board, and simulates the soil fixation of vegetation and trees planted on the hillside in the natural environment. The driving motor drives the adjusting screw to rotate, and the sliding block drives the moving seat and the support rod to move along the outer wall of the adjusting screw. The support rod drives the simulation board to rise, and the sand and gravel are placed in the simulation board. The left electric control valve 2 is closed, and the adjustable liquid pump draws water from the water tank, and injects it into the three-way pipe 1, the connecting pipe and the guide pipe through the outlet pipe, and enters the water outlet nozzle. The water is discharged from the water outlet nozzle from the inlet trough and flows to the simulation board through the outlet. The crushed sand and gravel are put into the outlet from the feed hopper and mixed with water and then flow to the sand and gravel accumulated on the simulation board, simulating the sand and gravel blocks washed down from the top of the mountain by the water flow and entering the The water inside the connecting pipe is discharged from the precipitation hood through the precipitation bend pipe, and is sprayed out through the precipitation hood and falls on the sand, gravel and soil accumulated on the top of the simulation board, simulating the scene of the soil on the mountain being washed by rainwater during the rainy season. By operating the adjustable liquid pump to control the size of the water absorption of the two-way pipe, the size of the discharge of the precipitation hood and the water outlet nozzle is controlled. It can simulate the different rainfall amounts in the natural environment and the intensity of the scouring of the soil and gravel on the mountain. When conducting mud and rock flow simulation experiments, it can simulate the angles of various slopes in the natural environment, the scouring of the soil on the slope by different rainfall amounts, the soil-fixing properties of vegetation and trees, and the scouring of the middle of the slope by the sand, gravel, mud and water mixture washed down from the top of the mountain. The entire device can simulate the formation of mud and rock flows in the natural environment to a greater extent, and lay a good theoretical foundation for the subsequent prevention and control of natural disasters.

[0034] (2) The small-scale indoor debris flow simulation experimental equipment and method drives the adjusting screw to rotate by the driving motor, and the sliding block slides along the outer wall of the adjusting screw in the inner wall of the mounting frame. When the sliding block drives the moving seat and the support rod to move, the support rod drives the right side of the simulation board to rise, and the simulation board drives the rotating shaft to rotate in the inner wall of the mounting groove to adjust the angle of the simulation board to a larger value. The sand and gravel on the simulation board and the sand and gravel washed to the top of the receiving platform all slide onto the receiving platform and pass through the discharge port and the discharge plate. The large particles of sand and gravel pass through the discharge plate and fall onto the inclined plate in the aggregate frame and slide out from the discharge port. The shielding plate raises the aggregate frame to prevent large particles of sand and gravel from rushing out of the aggregate frame. The fine water and sand and gravel mixture falls into the filter assembly after separation through the discharge plate and the through port, so that the sand and gravel mixture used in the experiment can be separated and can also be used in the future, avoiding direct accumulation on the equipment without treatment, and keeping the equipment clean.

[0035] (3) The small-scale indoor debris flow simulation experiment equipment and method, after the water-sand-gravel mixture falls into the interior of the holding frame, the fine sand will be filtered through the fine sand filter layer and then remain on the fine sand filter layer, the water will flow downward from the fine sand filter layer and pass through the coarse filter screen and the fine filter screen in turn before being stored at the bottom of the holding frame. When the experiment is carried out next time, the electric control valve 2 located on the left can be opened, and the adjustable liquid pump can be used through the cooperation of the three-way pipe 2 and the water inlet pipe to suck out the water stored in the holding frame for continued use, so that the water source used in the experiment can be used multiple times after filtering, which is a kind of reuse of water resources and reduces the waste of resources. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 This is a front view of the external structure of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 It is a front view of the internal structure of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 It is a rear view of the external structure of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 is a top view of the external structure of the separation component of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 5 is a rear view of the external structure of the simulation component of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 6 It is a left rear view of the external structure of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 7 This is an exploded view of the internal structure of the adjustment assembly of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 8 It is a top view of the external structure of the adjustment component and separation component of the present invention.

[0044] In the figure, 1. receiving platform; 2. separation component; 21. through-hole; 22. discharge port; 23. discharge plate; 24. collection frame; 25. tilting plate; 26. discharge port; 27. shielding plate; 3. adjustment component; 31. simulation board; 32. baffle; 33. mounting frame; 34. driving motor; 35. adjusting screw; 36. sliding block; 37. moving seat; 38. support rod; 39. support frame; 310. mounting slot; 4. filter component; 41. receiving frame; 42. placement frame; 43. fine filter Filter screen; 44. Coarse filter screen; 45. Fine sand filter layer; 5. Simulation component; 51. Mounting platform; 52. Discharge outlet; 53. Feed hopper; 54. Inlet trough; 55. Diversion pipe; 56. Water outlet nozzle; 57. Connecting pipe; 58. Precipitation elbow; 59. Precipitation hood; 510. L-shaped seat; 511. Electric control valve 1; 512. Water outlet pipe; 513. Adjustable liquid pump; 514. T-piece 2; 515. Electric control valve 2; 516. T-piece 1; 517. Water inlet pipe; 6. Support legs. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] Example 1:

[0047] See also Figure 1-8 A small-scale indoor debris flow simulation experiment device and method includes a receiving platform 1, a separation component 2 is installed on the top wall of the receiving platform 1, a filter component 4 is installed on the bottom of the receiving platform 1 and below the separation component 2, an adjustment component 3 is installed on the right side wall of the receiving platform 1, a simulation component 5 is installed on the top wall of the adjustment component 3, and support legs 6 are fixedly installed on the bottom walls of the receiving platform 1 and the bottom walls of the simulation component 5;

[0048] The adjustment component 3 includes a simulation board 31, a mounting groove 310 is provided on the right side wall of the receiving platform 1, and the left side of the simulation board 31 is rotatably installed in the inner wall of the mounting groove 310 through a rotating shaft. A plurality of baffles 32 are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the simulation board 31, and the top walls of the baffles 32 are all provided with rounded corners 32. A mounting bracket 33 is screwed on the middle part of the bottom wall of the simulation component 5 by bolts, and an adjusting screw rod 35 is rotatably installed on the inner wall of the mounting bracket 33. A sliding block 36 is screwed on the outer wall of the adjusting screw rod 35, and a moving seat 37 is fixedly installed on the top wall of the sliding block 36. The front and rear parts of the top wall of the moving seat 37 are hingedly installed. The support rod 38 and the right side wall of the mounting frame 33 are fixedly installed with a drive motor 34. The simulation board 31 is located on the right side of the receiving platform 1. The simulation board 31 is U-shaped. The left side of the mounting frame 33 extends to the bottom of the simulation board 31. The outer walls of the sliding blocks 36 are slidably connected to the inner walls of the mounting frame 33. The top ends of the support rods 38 are hingedly installed with the bottom wall of the simulation board 31. The power shaft of the drive motor 34 passes through the mounting frame 33 through a bearing and is fixedly connected to the adjusting screw 35. The front and rear walls of the mounting frame 33 are fixedly installed with support frames 39. The right ends of the support frames 39 are fixedly connected to the corresponding side walls of the support legs 6.

[0049] In the embodiment of the present invention, the purpose of this setting is that the setting of the adjustment component 3 can simulate different slopes in a natural environment, and then facilitate subsequent experiments to understand the probability of natural disasters such as mudslides occurring under different slopes, and then lay a theoretical foundation for subsequent practical research.

[0050] Example 2:

[0051] See also Figure 1-8, this embodiment provides a technical solution based on the first embodiment: the simulation component 5 includes a mounting platform 51, the mounting platform 51 is located on the right side of the simulation board 31, the bottom wall of the mounting platform 51 is fixedly connected to the right side of the top wall of the mounting frame 33, the top wall of the mounting platform 51 is provided with a discharge port 52, the discharge port 52 is "L"-shaped, the top wall of the mounting platform 51 and the position corresponding to the discharge port 52 are connected with a feed hopper 53, the middle part of the top wall of the mounting platform 51 is provided with an inlet flow groove 54, the left side of the top wall of the mounting platform 51 is screwed with an L-shaped seat 510, the left side of the L-shaped seat 510 is fixedly installed with a dewatering elbow 58 through a number of connecting blocks, the bottom of the outer wall of the dewatering elbow 58 is connected with a dewatering cover 59, the rear wall of the mounting platform 51 is fixedly provided with an adjustable liquid pump 513, and the outlet of the adjustable liquid pump 513 is connected with The outlet pipe 512 has a top end connected to a tee pipe 516, and an electric-controlled valve 511 is fixedly installed on both sides of the outer wall of the tee pipe 516. The left end of the tee pipe 516 is connected to a connecting pipe 57, and the front end of the connecting pipe 57 passes through the L-shaped seat 510 and is connected to the downdraft elbow 58. The right end of the tee pipe 516 is connected to the guide pipe 55, and the bottom wall of the guide pipe 55 is connected to a plurality of water outlet nozzles 56. The water outlet nozzles 56 are located in the inner cavity of the inlet groove 54. The water inlet of the adjustable liquid pump 513 is connected to the tee pipe 514. The electric-controlled valve 515 is installed on both sides of the outer wall of the tee pipe 514. The right end of the tee pipe 514 is connected to the external water tank, and the left end of the tee pipe 514 is connected to the water inlet pipe 517. The left end of the water inlet pipe 517 is connected to the bottom wall of the filter assembly 4.

[0052] In the embodiment of the present invention, the purpose of this setting is that the setting of the simulation component 5, through the mutual cooperation of its various components, can simulate the erosion of the hillside soil by different rainfall amounts, and the erosion of the middle of the hillside by the sand, gravel, mud and water mixture washed down from the top of the mountain, thereby simulating the precursors and states of debris flow in the natural environment to a greater extent.

[0053] Example 3:

[0054] See also Figure 1-8 , this embodiment provides a technical solution based on the first embodiment: the filter assembly 4 includes a accommodating frame 41, the right side wall of the accommodating frame 41 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the support leg 6 of the bottom wall of the receiving platform 1, the left side wall of the accommodating frame 41 is fixedly connected to the right side wall of the separation assembly 2, a plurality of placement racks 42 are evenly fixedly installed on the inner wall of the accommodating frame 41, and the plurality of placement racks 42 are evenly arranged up and down, a fine filter screen 43 is placed on the top wall of the placement rack 42 at the bottom, a coarse filter screen 44 is placed on the top wall of the placement rack 42 at the middle, and a fine sand filter layer 45 is placed on the top wall of the placement rack 42 at the top, and the bottom wall of the accommodating frame 41 is connected to the left end of the water inlet pipe 517;

[0055] In the embodiment of the present invention, the purpose of this setting is that the setting of the filter component 4 can perform multi-stage filtration on the water used in the simulation experiment, and then store it before use, which can protect water resources and avoid waste of experimental water.

[0056] Example 4:

[0057] See also Figure 1-8 , this embodiment provides a technical solution based on the first embodiment: the separation component 2 includes a discharge plate 23, a discharge opening 22 is opened in the middle of the top wall of the receiving platform 1, the outer wall of the discharge plate 23 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the discharge opening 22, the discharge plate 23 is arranged obliquely, the discharge plate 23 is located at the top of the accommodating frame 41, a plurality of through openings 21 are evenly opened on the top wall of the discharge plate 23, a collection frame 24 is fixedly installed on the left side wall of the accommodating frame 41, the side wall of the collection frame 24 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the supporting leg 6, the right side of the top wall of the collection frame 24 matches the position of the discharge plate 23, the inner wall of the collection frame 24 is fixedly installed with an inclined plate 25, the inclined plate 25 is high in the front and low in the back, a discharge opening 26 is opened on the rear wall of the collection frame 24, and a shielding plate 27 is fixedly installed on the top wall of the collection frame 24;

[0058] In the embodiment of the present invention, the purpose of this setting is that the separation component 2 is mainly set to separate the mud and water mixture after the experiment to avoid the mud and water directly accumulating on the entire equipment without treatment, thereby maintaining the cleanliness of the entire equipment.

[0059] A small-scale indoor debris flow simulation experimental method comprises the following steps:

[0060] S1. Adjusting the angle of the simulation board 31: When conducting a debris flow simulation experiment indoors, the angle of the simulation board 31 can be adjusted first, so as to simulate the angle of a hillside in a natural environment. The setting of the baffle 32 can simulate the soil-fixing properties of vegetation and trees planted on the hillside in a natural environment. The baffle 32 has a certain blocking property. By starting the drive motor 34 to drive the adjusting screw 35 to rotate, when the adjusting screw 35 rotates, it drives the sliding block 36 to slide along the outer wall of the adjusting screw 35 in the inner wall of the mounting frame 33. When the sliding block 36 moves, it drives the moving seat 37 and the support rod 38 to move. When the support rod 38 moves, it drives the right side of the simulation board 31 to start rising, and then the simulation board 31 drives the rotating shaft to rotate in the inner wall of the mounting groove 310, thus completing the angle adjustment of the simulation board 31.

[0061] S2, simulation experiment: When sand, gravel and soil are placed on the inner wall of the simulation plate 31, the electric control valve 2 515 on the left is closed, and the electric control valve 2 515 and the electric control valve 1 511 on the right are all opened. The adjustable liquid pump 513 starts to pump water from the external water tank, and injects it into the inside of the three-way pipe 1 516 after passing through the outlet pipe 512. Then the water source enters the connecting pipe 57 and the inside of the guide pipe 55 at the same time. The water entering the water outlet nozzle 56 is discharged from the inlet trough 54 through the water outlet nozzle 56 and flows to the simulation plate 31 through the outlet 52. At the same time, part of the crushed sand and gravel is put into the discharge port 52 from the feed hopper 53. The water mixed with the water flows from the outlet 52 to the sand and gravel accumulated on the simulation plate 31, simulating the sand and gravel being washed down from the top of the mountain by the water flow. The water entering the connecting pipe 57 is discharged from the precipitation cover 59 through the precipitation bend 58 and sprayed out through the precipitation cover 59 onto the sand and gravel accumulated on the top of the simulation plate 31, simulating the scene of the mountain soil being washed away by rainwater during the rainy season. By operating the adjustable liquid pump 513 to control the amount of water absorbed by the two-way pipe 514, the amount of water discharged by the precipitation cover 59 and the water outlet nozzle 56 is controlled, so that the intensity of the scouring of the mountain soil and gravel by different rainfall amounts in a natural environment can be simulated.

[0062] S3. Cleaning sand and gravel: After the simulation experiment is completed, the drive motor 34 is started to drive the adjusting screw 35 to rotate. When the adjusting screw 35 rotates, the sliding block 36 is driven to slide along the outer wall of the adjusting screw 35 in the inner wall of the mounting frame 33. Then, when the sliding block 36 moves, the moving seat 37 and the support rod 38 are driven to move. When the support rod 38 moves, the right side of the simulation board 31 starts to rise, and then the simulation board 31 drives the rotating shaft to rotate in the inner wall of the mounting groove 310, and the corner of the simulation board 31 is adjusted. The degree is adjusted to a larger value, and the sand and gravel on the simulation plate 31 and the sand and gravel washed to the top of the receiving platform 1 all slide down to the receiving platform 1 and pass through the discharge port 22 and the discharge plate 23. The large sand and gravel particles pass through the discharge plate 23 and fall onto the inclined plate 25 in the aggregate frame 24 and slide out from the discharge port 26. At the same time, the shielding plate 27 raises the height of the aggregate frame 24 to prevent large sand and gravel particles from rushing out of the aggregate frame 24. The fine water and sand and gravel mixture falls into the filter assembly 4 after being separated by the discharge plate 23 and the through port 21;

[0063] S4. Separation of water-sand-gravel mixture: After the water-sand-gravel mixture falls into the containing frame 41, the fine sand will be filtered by the fine sand filter layer 45 and remain on the fine sand filter layer 45, and the water will flow downward from the fine sand filter layer 45 and pass through the coarse filter mesh 44 and the fine filter mesh 43 in turn before being stored at the bottom of the containing frame 41. Therefore, when conducting the experiment next time, the electric control valve 2 515 on the left can be opened, and the adjustable liquid pump 513 can be used to suck out the water stored in the containing frame 41 through the cooperation of the three-way pipe 2 514 and the water inlet pipe 517 for continued use, which can reuse water resources and reduce resource waste.

[0064] Meanwhile, the contents not described in detail in this specification belong to the prior art known to those skilled in the art.

[0065] During operation, first, the drive motor 34, the electric control valve 1 511, the adjustable liquid pump 513, and the electric control valve 2 515 are connected through the external controller and the power supply. When simulating a debris flow experiment indoors, the angle of the simulation board 31 is adjusted: when conducting a debris flow simulation experiment indoors, the angle of the simulation board 31 can be adjusted first, so as to simulate the angle of the hillside in a natural environment. The setting of the baffle 32 can simulate the soil-fixing properties of vegetation and trees planted on the hillside in a natural environment. The baffle 32 has a certain blocking property. By starting the drive motor 34, the adjusting screw rod 35 is driven to rotate. When the adjusting screw rod 35 rotates, it drives the sliding block 36 to slide along the outer wall of the adjusting screw rod 35 in the inner wall of the mounting frame 33, and then when the sliding block 36 When moving, it drives the moving seat 37 and the support rod 38 to move. When the support rod 38 moves, it drives the right side of the simulation board 31 to start rising, and then the simulation board 31 drives the rotating shaft to rotate in the inner wall of the installation groove 310, that is, the angle adjustment of the simulation board 31 is completed. Simulation experiment: when sand, gravel and soil are placed on the position of the inner wall of the simulation board 31, the electric control valve 2 515 on the left is immediately closed, and the electric control valve 2 515 and the electric control valve 1 511 on the right are all opened. Water is pumped from the external water tank through the adjustable liquid pump 513, and is injected into the inside of the three-way pipe 1 516 after passing through the water outlet pipe 512. Then the water source enters the connecting pipe 57 and the guide pipe 55 at the same time, and the water entering the water outlet nozzle 56 is discharged from the inlet groove 54 through the water outlet nozzle 56. , flows to the simulation plate 31 through the discharge outlet 52, and at the same time, part of the crushed sand and stone is put into the discharge outlet 52 from the feed hopper 53, and after mixing with water, flows to the sand and stone soil accumulated on the simulation plate 31, simulating the sand and stone blocks washed down from the top of the mountain by the water flow. The water entering the connecting pipe 57 is discharged from the precipitation cover 59 through the precipitation bend pipe 58, and is sprayed out through the precipitation cover 59 and falls on the sand and stone soil accumulated on the top of the simulation plate 31, simulating the scene of the soil on the mountain being washed by rainwater during the rainy season. By operating the adjustable liquid pump 513 to control the amount of water absorbed by the three-way pipe 514, the amount of water discharged by the precipitation cover 59 and the water outlet nozzle 56 can be controlled, which can simulate the different amounts of rainfall in the natural environment, the intensity of the scouring of the soil and stone on the mountain, and the cleaning of sand and stone: when simulating After the experiment is completed, the adjusting screw 35 is driven to rotate by starting the driving motor 34. When the adjusting screw 35 rotates, it drives the sliding block 36 to slide along the outer wall of the adjusting screw 35 in the inner wall of the mounting frame 33. Then, when the sliding block 36 moves, it drives the moving seat 37 and the support rod 38 to move. When the support rod 38 moves, it drives the right side of the simulation board 31 to start rising. Then, the simulation board 31 drives the rotating shaft to rotate in the inner wall of the mounting groove 310, and adjusts the angle of the simulation board 31 to a larger value. The sand and gravel on the simulation board 31 and the sand and gravel washed to the top of the receiving platform 1 all slide onto the receiving platform 1, and after passing through the discharge port 22 and the discharge plate 23, the large particles of sand and gravel pass through the discharge plate 23 and fall onto the inclined plate 25 in the aggregate frame 24.The water and sand will then flow out of the filter assembly 41 and slide out from the discharge port 26. At the same time, the shielding plate 27 raises the aggregate frame 24 to prevent large particles of sand and gravel from rushing out of the aggregate frame 24. The fine water and sand and gravel mixture passes through the discharge plate 23 and the through port 21 and falls into the filter assembly 4 to separate the water and sand and gravel mixture. When the water and sand and gravel mixture falls into the receiving frame 41, the fine sand will be filtered by the fine sand filter layer 45 and remain on the fine sand filter layer 45. The water will flow downward from the fine sand filter layer 45 and pass through the coarse filter screen 44 and the fine filter screen 43 in turn before being stored at the bottom of the receiving frame 41. Therefore, when conducting the experiment next time, the second electric control valve 515 on the left can be opened. The adjustable liquid pump 513 can be used to suck out the water stored in the receiving frame 41 through the cooperation of the second three-way pipe 514 and the water inlet pipe 517 for continued use. This can reuse water resources and reduce resource waste.

[0066] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0067] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A small-scale indoor debris flow simulation experimental device, comprising a receiving platform (1), characterized in that: The top wall of the receiving platform (1) is installed with a separation component (2); the bottom of the receiving platform (1) and below the separation component (2) is installed with a filter component (4); the right side wall of the receiving platform (1) is installed with an adjustment component (3); the top wall of the adjustment component (3) is installed with a simulation component (5); and the bottom wall of the receiving platform (1) and the bottom wall of the simulation component (5) are both fixedly installed with support legs (6); The adjustment component (3) comprises a simulation board (31), a mounting groove (310) is provided on the right side wall of the receiving platform (1), the left side of the simulation board (31) is rotatably installed in the inner wall of the mounting groove (310) through a rotating shaft, a plurality of baffles (32) are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the simulation board (31), the top walls of the baffles (32) are all provided with rounded corners (32), a mounting frame (33) is screwed and installed in the middle of the bottom wall of the simulation component (5) through bolts, an adjustment screw rod (35) is rotatably installed on the inner wall of the mounting frame (33), a sliding block (36) is screwed and installed on the outer wall of the adjustment screw rod (35), a moving seat (37) is fixedly installed on the top wall of the sliding block (36), and support rods (38) are hingedly installed on the front and rear parts of the top wall of the moving seat (37), and a driving motor (34) is fixedly installed on the right side wall of the mounting frame (33).

2. A small-scale indoor debris flow simulation experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The simulation board (31) is located on the right side of the receiving platform (1), and the simulation board (31) is U-shaped. The left side of the mounting frame (33) extends to the bottom of the simulation board (31). The outer wall of the sliding block (36) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the mounting frame (33). The top of the support rod (38) is hingedly installed with the bottom wall of the simulation board (31). The power shaft of the driving motor (34) passes through the mounting frame (33) through a bearing and is fixedly connected to the adjusting screw rod (35). The front and rear walls of the mounting frame (33) are fixedly installed with a support frame (39), and the right end of the support frame (39) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the corresponding support leg (6).

3. The small-scale indoor debris flow simulation experimental equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The simulation component (5) comprises a mounting platform (51), wherein the mounting platform (51) is located on the right side of the simulation board (31), the bottom wall of the mounting platform (51) is fixedly connected to the right side of the top wall of the mounting frame (33), the top wall of the mounting platform (51) is provided with a discharge port (52), the discharge port (52) is in an "L" shape, the top wall of the mounting platform (51) and the position corresponding to the discharge port (52) are connected with a feed hopper (53), the middle part of the top wall of the mounting platform (51) is provided with an inlet flow groove (54), the left side of the top wall of the mounting platform (51) is screwed with bolts to install an L-shaped seat (510), the left side wall of the L-shaped seat (510) is fixedly installed with a dewatering elbow (58) through a plurality of connecting blocks, and the bottom of the outer wall of the dewatering elbow (58) is connected with a dewatering cover (59).

4. The small-scale indoor debris flow simulation experimental equipment according to claim 3 is characterized in that: An adjustable liquid pump (513) is fixedly mounted on the rear wall of the mounting platform (51); the water outlet of the adjustable liquid pump (513) is connected to a water outlet pipe (512); the top of the water outlet pipe (512) is connected to a three-way pipe (516); electric control valves (511) are fixedly mounted on the left and right sides of the outer wall of the three-way pipe (516); the left end of the three-way pipe (516) is connected to a connecting pipe (57); the front end of the connecting pipe (57) passes through the L-shaped seat (510) and is connected to the drainage elbow (58); the right end of the three-way pipe (516) is connected to a guide pipe (55); the bottom wall of the guide pipe (55) is connected to a plurality of water outlet nozzles (56); the water outlet nozzles (56) are located in the inner cavity of the inlet groove (54).

5. The small-scale indoor debris flow simulation experimental equipment according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The water inlet of the adjustable liquid pump (513) is connected to a second three-way pipe (514), and electric control valves (515) are installed on both sides of the left and right outer walls of the second three-way pipe (514). The right end of the second three-way pipe (514) is connected to an external water tank, and the left end of the second three-way pipe (514) is connected to a water inlet pipe (517), and the left end of the water inlet pipe (517) is connected to the bottom wall of the filter assembly (4).

6. The small-scale indoor debris flow simulation experimental equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filtering assembly (4) comprises a containing frame (41), the right side wall of the containing frame (41) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the supporting leg (6) of the bottom wall of the receiving platform (1), the left side wall of the containing frame (41) is fixedly connected to the right side wall of the separation assembly (2), and a plurality of placement racks (42) are evenly fixedly installed on the inner wall of the containing frame (41), and the plurality of placement racks (42) are evenly arranged up and down.

7. The small-scale indoor debris flow simulation experimental equipment according to claim 6 is characterized by: A fine filter screen (43) is placed on the top wall of the placement rack (42) at the bottom, a coarse filter screen (44) is placed on the top wall of the placement rack (42) at the middle, and a fine sand filter layer (45) is placed on the top wall of the placement rack (42) at the top. The bottom wall of the accommodating frame (41) is connected to the left end of the water inlet pipe (517).

8. The small-scale indoor debris flow simulation experimental equipment according to claim 1 is characterized by: The separation component (2) comprises a discharge plate (23), a discharge opening (22) is provided in the middle of the top wall of the receiving platform (1), the outer wall of the discharge plate (23) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the discharge opening (22), the discharge plate (23) is arranged obliquely, the discharge plate (23) is located at the top of the receiving frame (41), a plurality of through openings (21) are evenly provided on the top wall of the discharge plate (23), a collection frame (24) is fixedly installed on the left side wall of the receiving frame (41), the side wall of the collection frame (24) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the supporting leg (6), and the right side of the top wall of the collection frame (24) matches the position of the discharge plate (23).

9. The small-scale indoor debris flow simulation experimental equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that: An inclined plate (25) is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the material collection frame (24), wherein the inclined plate (25) is higher at the front and lower at the rear. A discharge port (26) is provided on the rear wall of the material collection frame (24), and a shielding plate (27) is fixedly mounted on the top wall of the material collection frame (24).

10. A small-scale indoor debris flow simulation experiment method, according to a small-scale indoor debris flow simulation experiment device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Adjusting the angle of the simulation board (31): When performing a debris flow simulation experiment indoors, the angle of the simulation board (31) can be adjusted first, so as to simulate the angle of a hillside in a natural environment. The setting of the baffle (32) can simulate the soil fixation of vegetation and trees planted on the hillside in a natural environment. The baffle (32) has a certain blocking property. By starting the driving motor (34), the adjusting screw rod (35) is driven to rotate. When the adjusting screw rod (35) rotates, the sliding block (36) is driven to slide along the outer wall of the adjusting screw rod (35) in the inner wall of the mounting frame (33). When the sliding block (36) moves, the moving seat (37) and the support rod (38) are driven to move. When the support rod (38) moves, the right side of the simulation board (31) starts to rise, and then the simulation board (31) drives the rotating shaft to rotate in the inner wall of the mounting groove (310), so as to complete the angle adjustment of the simulation board (31); S2. Simulation experiment: When sand, gravel and soil are placed on the inner wall of the simulation board (31), the electric control valve 2 (515) on the left is closed, and the electric control valve 2 (515) and the electric control valve 1 (511) on the right are all opened. Water is pumped from the external water tank through the adjustable liquid pump (513), and then injected into the inside of the three-way pipe 1 (516) through the outlet pipe (512). Then the water source enters the connecting pipe (57) and the guide pipe (55) at the same time. The water entering the water outlet nozzle (56) is discharged from the inlet trough (54) through the water outlet nozzle (56), and flows to the simulation board (31) through the outlet (52). At the same time, part of the crushed sand and gravel is thrown from the feed hopper (53) The water flows into the discharge port (52), mixes with water and flows to the sand, gravel and soil accumulated on the simulation board (31), simulating the sand, gravel and mud blocks washed down from the top of the mountain by the water flow. The water that enters the connecting pipe (57) is discharged from the precipitation cover (59) through the precipitation bend pipe (58), and is sprayed out through the precipitation cover (59) and falls on the sand, gravel and soil accumulated on the top of the simulation board (31), simulating the scene of the soil on the mountain being washed by rainwater in the rainy season. The amount of water absorbed by the second three-way pipe (514) is controlled by operating the adjustable liquid pump (513), thereby controlling the amount of water discharged by the precipitation cover (59) and the water outlet nozzle (56), so as to simulate the intensity of the scouring of the soil and gravel on the mountain due to the different rainfall in the natural environment; S3, cleaning sand and gravel: after the simulation experiment is completed, the drive motor (34) is started to drive the adjusting screw (35) to rotate. When the adjusting screw (35) rotates, it drives the sliding block (36) to slide along the outer wall of the adjusting screw (35) in the inner wall of the mounting frame (33). Then, when the sliding block (36) moves, it drives the moving seat (37) and the support rod (38) to move. When the support rod (38) moves, it drives the right side of the simulation board (31) to start rising. Then, the simulation board (31) drives the rotating shaft to rotate in the inner wall of the mounting groove (310), and the angle of the simulation board (31) is adjusted. The pressure is adjusted to a larger value, and the sand and gravel on the simulation plate (31) and the sand and gravel washed to the top of the receiving platform (1) all slide down to the receiving platform (1), and after passing through the discharge port (22) and the discharge plate (23), the large sand and gravel particles pass through the discharge plate (23) and fall onto the inclined plate (25) in the aggregate frame (24), and slide out from the discharge port (26). At the same time, the shielding plate (27) raises the height of the aggregate frame (24) to prevent the large sand and gravel particles from rushing out of the aggregate frame (24), and the fine water and sand and gravel mixture falls into the filter assembly (4) after being separated by the discharge plate (23) and the through port (21); S4. Separation of water-sand-gravel mixture: After the water-sand-gravel mixture falls into the containing frame (41), the fine sand will be filtered by the fine sand filter layer (45) and remain on the fine sand filter layer (45), and the water will flow downward from the fine sand filter layer (45) and be filtered by the coarse filter screen (44) and the fine filter screen (43) in sequence before being stored at the bottom of the containing frame (41). Therefore, when conducting the experiment next time, the second electric control valve (515) located on the left side can be opened, and the water stored in the containing frame (41) can be sucked out by the adjustable liquid pump (513) through the cooperation of the second three-way pipe (514) and the water inlet pipe (517) for continuous use, thereby reusing water resources and reducing the waste of resources.

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