Coking device and process method for producing needle coke

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum coking, and discloses a coking unit. An oil inlet nozzle is fixedly installed below the side face of a coking tower, a decoking nozzle is fixedly installed in the center of the top of the coking tower, auxiliary connecting nozzles are fixedly installed at the positions, located on the periphery of the decoking nozzle, of the top of the coking tower, and a sealing assembly is arranged at the top of the decoking nozzle; and a decoking assembly is arranged in the supporting frame and located above the decoking nozzle. In the downward conveying process of the hollow drill bit, a lead screw shaft can also drive the whole auxiliary plate to move, after the auxiliary plate moves to a designated position, a driving air cylinder pulls a pressing plate to return, the pressing plate is not engaged with the lead screw shaft, meanwhile, a spring can also push a clamping head to be inserted into a corresponding clamping groove, the position where the pressing plate is located is locked, and the pressing plate is fixed. And the bottom of the hollow drill rod can be supported through the pressing plate and the drill rod sliding ring, the bottom of the hollow drill rod is prevented from shaking when the hollow drill rod rotates, and stable operation of the bottom of the hollow drill rod is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum coking, in particular to a coking device and a process for producing needle coke. Background Art

[0002] The process of decoking after petroleum coking is an important link in petroleum refining. Its main purpose is to remove the coke produced in the coking process from the coking equipment in order to continue the coking operation or process these coke products.

[0003] When the coke in a coke tower accumulates to a certain height (about 24 hours), it is switched to another coke tower to continue the coking operation, and the feeding to the original coke tower is stopped; the coke tower full of coke is purged with steam and water-cooled to reduce the temperature and pressure in the tower in preparation for hydraulic decoking; the coke tower is decoked using hydraulic decoking equipment. The hydraulic decoking equipment sprays high-pressure water on the coke layer through a high-pressure water nozzle, breaking up the coke and flushing it down using the impact force of the water.

[0004] At present, the motor and the drill rod are inserted into the interior of the coking device. The motor drives the drill rod to perform rotary cutting and spray high-pressure water. The length of the drill rod depends entirely on the internal depth of the coking device. Generally, the drill rod is set very long. If the connection between the drill rod and the motor output end is unstable, when the motor drives the drill rod to rotate, there is no supporting mechanism at the bottom of the drill rod, resulting in eccentric shaking of the bottom of the drill rod, and then causing the drill bit to hit other pipelines on the top of the coking device, causing damage to the coking device and affecting the economic value of the equipment. Summary of the invention

[0005] 1. Technical issues to be resolved

[0006] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a coking device and a process method for producing needle coke, which have the advantage of stably supporting the bottom of the drill pipe and solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0007] (II) Technical solution

[0008] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of stably supporting the bottom of the drill pipe, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a coking device, including a support frame, a coking tower is fixedly installed inside the support frame, a discharge nozzle is fixedly installed at the bottom center of the coking tower, an oil inlet nozzle is fixedly installed at the lower side of the coking tower, a decoking nozzle is fixedly installed at the top center of the coking tower, auxiliary connecting nozzles are fixedly installed around the decoking nozzle at the top of the coking tower, a closing component is arranged on the top of the decoking nozzle, and a decoking component is arranged inside the support frame and above the decoking nozzle.

[0009] Preferably, the closing assembly includes a closing cover, the top of the closing cover is fixedly connected to one end of a hydraulic telescopic rod, the other end of the hydraulic telescopic rod is movably hinged to a fixed seat via a hinge shaft, the hinge shaft is fixedly connected to the output end of a dual-axis drive motor, and a side panel for limiting the closing cover is fixedly installed on the side of the decoking nozzle.

[0010] Preferably, the diameter of the closing cover is consistent with the diameter of the top flange of the decoking nozzle, the fixing seat and the dual-axis driving motor are fixedly connected to the horizontal plate of the support frame, and a pressure sensor is embedded in the inside of the side plate.

[0011] Preferably, the decoking assembly includes a shell with a strip-shaped opening, two symmetrically arranged sliding rods and a rotatably connected screw shaft are fixedly installed inside the shell, the top of the screw shaft is fixedly connected to the output end of the displacement drive motor, the outer side of the screw shaft is threadedly connected with a screw sleeve, the outer side of the sliding rod is slidably sleeved with a sliding sleeve, and the screw sleeve and the sliding sleeve are embedded in the interior of the displacement plate.

[0012] Preferably, a drill rod driving motor is embedded in one end of the displacement plate extending to the outside of the shell, a hollow rotary seat is detachably mounted on the output end of the drill rod driving motor, a hose is detachably mounted on the side of the hollow rotary seat, a hollow drill rod is detachably mounted on the bottom of the hollow rotary seat, a hollow drill bit is detachably mounted on the bottom of the hollow drill rod, and a high-pressure nozzle is threadedly mounted on the bottom of the hollow drill bit.

[0013] Preferably, the outer sliding sleeve of the hollow drill rod is provided with a drill rod sliding ring, and the drill rod sliding ring is embedded in the interior of the auxiliary plate. The sides of the auxiliary plate are respectively provided with mounting grooves and sliding grooves. A sliding bar is slidingly installed inside the sliding groove. A pressure plate is fixedly installed between the sliding bars. The pressure plate is slidably installed inside the mounting groove. A threaded convex strip meshing with the screw shaft is fixedly installed on the concave side of the pressure plate. The side of the pressure plate is fixedly connected to the output end of the driving cylinder, and the driving cylinder is installed inside the mounting groove.

[0014] Preferably, the front and back surfaces of the auxiliary plate are both provided with threaded holes, a threaded block is threadedly installed at the opening of the threaded hole, a spring is provided on the side of the threaded block, a clamping head is provided at the other end of the spring, and a clamping groove corresponding to the clamping head is provided on the outer side of the slide rod.

[0015] A process for producing needle coke comprises the following steps:

[0016] S1: Select heavy petroleum fractions or residual oil from crude oil, which have a high content of high molecular weight aromatic hydrocarbons and a low content of non-hydrocarbons;

[0017] S2: Heating, mixing and hydrogenating the petroleum raw materials to optimize the properties of the raw materials and prepare for the subsequent thermal cracking reaction;

[0018] S3: sending the petroleum raw materials into a coking tower for thermal cracking reaction;

[0019] S4: Separating the coke and asphalt generated in the oil refining process through separation equipment to obtain primary coke products;

[0020] S5: forming the reformed coke, generally by pressing, roasting and other processes, to form a needle-like structure;

[0021] S6: Store the packaged needle coke in a suitable warehouse to maintain its stable quality.

[0022] (III) Beneficial effects

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a coking device and a process for producing needle coke, which have the following beneficial effects:

[0024] 1. The coking device and the process method for producing needle coke can drive the drill rod drive motor, the hollow drill rod, the hollow drill bit and the high-pressure nozzle to move downward when the displacement drive motor rotates with the screw shaft, and at the same time, the output end of the driving cylinder is controlled to push the pressure plate outward, and the threaded convex strip on the concave surface of the pressure plate begins to mesh with the screw shaft. In the process of conveying the hollow drill bit downward, the screw shaft will also drive the entire auxiliary plate to move. When the auxiliary plate moves to the specified position, the driving cylinder pulls the pressure plate back to its position, and the pressure plate is no longer meshed with the screw shaft. At the same time, the spring will also push the card head to insert into the corresponding card slot to lock the position of the pressure plate. The bottom of the hollow drill rod can be supported by the pressure plate and the drill rod sliding ring to prevent the bottom of the hollow drill rod from shaking when the hollow drill rod rotates, thereby ensuring the stable operation of the bottom of the hollow drill rod.

[0025] 2. The coking device and the process method for producing needle coke can pull the closing cover away from the decoking nozzle by contracting the hydraulic telescopic rod, and then the double-axis driving motor drives the two hydraulic telescopic rods to rotate ninety degrees to expose the decoking nozzle, so that the hollow drill bit and the high-pressure nozzle at the rear can be inserted into the interior of the coking tower to remove the coke with hydraulic high pressure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall cutaway structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a coking tower of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the coking tower and the closed assembly of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sealing component, the decoking component and the coking tower of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the decoking assembly of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the slide rod, the screw shaft and the drill rod driving motor of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the auxiliary plate and the screw shaft of the present invention;

[0034] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the auxiliary plate, the pressing plate and the driving cylinder of the present invention;

[0035] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-section structure of the auxiliary plate, the clamping head and the pressing plate of the present invention.

[0036] In the figure: 1. Support frame; 2. Coking tower; 3. Discharge nozzle; 4. Oil inlet nozzle; 5. Decoking nozzle; 6. Auxiliary connecting nozzle; 7. Closing assembly; 8. Decoking assembly;

[0037] 71. Closing cover; 72. Hydraulic telescopic rod; 73. Hinge shaft; 74. Fixed seat; 75. Dual-axis drive motor; 76. Side plate;

[0038] 81. housing; 82. slide rod; 83. screw shaft; 84. displacement drive motor; 85. screw sleeve; 86. displacement plate;

[0039] 87. Drill rod drive motor; 88. Sliding sleeve; 89. Hollow rotary seat; 810. Hose; 811. Hollow drill rod; 812. Hollow drill bit; 813. High-pressure nozzle;

[0040] 814, drill rod sliding ring; 815, auxiliary plate; 816, mounting groove; 817, slide groove; 818, slide bar; 819, pressure plate; 820, threaded convex strip; 821, driving cylinder;

[0041] 822, threaded hole; 823, threaded block; 824, spring; 825, clamping head; 826, clamping slot. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0043] See also Figure 1-3 A coking device comprises a support frame 1, wherein a coking tower 2 is fixedly installed inside the support frame 1. Two coking towers 2 are used in combination. When the coke in one coking tower accumulates to a certain height (about 24 hours), it is switched to another coking tower to continue the coking operation, and the feeding to the original coking tower is stopped at the same time; the coking tower filled with coke is purged with water vapor and water-cooled to reduce the temperature and pressure in the tower, in preparation for hydraulic decoking.

[0044] See also Figure 1-3 A discharge nozzle 3 is fixedly installed at the bottom center of the coking tower 2, an oil inlet nozzle 4 is fixedly installed at the lower side of the coking tower 2, a decoking nozzle 5 is fixedly installed at the top center of the coking tower 2, and auxiliary connecting nozzles 6 are fixedly installed around the decoking nozzle 5 at the top of the coking tower 2, including a cold air nozzle, an oil and gas discharge nozzle, etc.; a closing component 7 is provided on the top of the decoking nozzle 5 for closing and opening the decoking nozzle 5; a decoking component 8 is provided inside the support frame 1 and above the decoking nozzle 5 for hydraulically removing coke.

[0045] See also Figure 3-4 The closing assembly 7 includes a closing cover 71, the diameter of which is consistent with the diameter of the top flange of the decoking nozzle 5, one end of a hydraulic telescopic rod 72 is fixedly connected to the top of the closing cover 71, the other end of the hydraulic telescopic rod 72 is movably hinged to a fixing seat 74 through a hinge shaft 73, the hinge shaft 73 is fixedly connected to the output end of a dual-axis drive motor 75, the fixing seat 74 and the dual-axis drive motor 75 are both fixedly connected to the horizontal plate of the support frame 1, and a side plate 76 for limiting the closing cover 71 is fixedly installed on the side of the decoking nozzle 5, and a pressure sensor is embedded inside the side plate 76. The dual-axis drive motor 75 can drive the closing cover 71 to rotate 90 degrees, and then the hydraulic telescopic rod 72 pushes the closing cover 71 to cover the top flange of the decoking nozzle 5, and when the pressure sensor is stressed, the dual-axis drive motor 75 and the hydraulic telescopic rod 72 stop running.

[0046] See also Figure 5-8The decoking assembly 8 includes a housing 81 with a strip-shaped opening. Two symmetrically arranged slide bars 82 and a screw shaft 83 connected in rotation are fixedly installed inside the housing 81. The top of the screw shaft 83 is fixedly connected to the output end of the displacement driving motor 84. The outer side of the screw shaft 83 is threadedly connected with a screw sleeve 85. The outer side of the slide bar 82 is slidably sleeved with a sliding sleeve 88. The screw sleeve 85 and the sliding sleeve 88 are embedded in the interior of the displacement plate 86. The displacement driving motor 84 drives the screw shaft 83 to rotate, and the screw shaft 83 and the screw sleeve 85 are threadedly engaged. The rotation of the screw shaft 83 can drive the drill to move downward.

[0047] See also Figure 5-8 , a drill rod driving motor 87 is embedded at one end of the displacement plate 86 extending to the outside of the housing 81, a hollow rotary seat 89 is detachably mounted on the output end of the drill rod driving motor 87, a hose 810 is detachably mounted on the side of the hollow rotary seat 89, a hollow drill rod 811 is detachably mounted on the bottom of the hollow rotary seat 89, a hollow drill bit 812 is detachably mounted on the bottom of the hollow drill rod 811, and a high-pressure nozzle 813 is threadedly mounted on the bottom of the hollow drill bit 812. The other end of the hose 810 is connected to a high-pressure water pump, and then the drill rod driving motor 87 rotates with the hollow drill rod 811, the hollow drill bit 812 and the high-pressure nozzle 813, so that high-pressure hydraulic decoking can be performed in the tower.

[0048] See also Figure 9-10 The outer sliding sleeve of the hollow drill rod 811 is provided with a drill rod sliding ring 814, and the drill rod sliding ring 814 is embedded in the interior of the auxiliary plate 815. Generally, the initial position of the auxiliary plate 815 is above the decoking nozzle 5, and then the auxiliary plate 815 is adjusted to move up or down according to the situation; the side surfaces of the auxiliary plate 815 are respectively provided with mounting grooves 816 and slide grooves 817, and the interior of the slide groove 817 is slidingly installed with a slide bar 818, and a pressing plate 819 is fixedly installed between the slide bars 818 and the slide bars 818. The pressing plate 819 is slidably installed in the interior of the mounting groove 816, and a threaded convex strip 820 meshing with the screw shaft 83 is fixedly installed on the concave side of the pressing plate 819. The side surface of the pressing plate 819 is fixedly connected to the output end of the driving cylinder 821, and the driving cylinder 821 is installed in the interior of the mounting groove 816. The driving cylinder 821 pushes the pressure plate 819 to approach the screw shaft 83, and the threaded protrusion 820 on the inner wall of the pressure plate 819 engages with the screw shaft 83, and then the rotating screw shaft 83 can move the auxiliary plate 815 up or down.

[0049] See also Figure 9-10The front and rear sides of the auxiliary plate 815 are provided with threaded holes 822, the opening of the threaded holes 822 is threadedly installed with a threaded block 823, the side of the threaded block 823 is provided with a spring 824, the other end of the spring 824 is provided with a clamping head 825, and the outer side of the slide bar 82 is provided with a clamping groove 826 corresponding to the clamping head 825. When the auxiliary plate 815 moves, the spring 824 pushes the clamping head to be inserted into the corresponding clamping groove 826, so that the auxiliary plate 815 can be locked in position to prevent it from sliding.

[0050] A process for producing needle coke comprises the following steps:

[0051] S1: Select heavy petroleum fractions or residual oil from crude oil, which have a high content of high molecular weight aromatic hydrocarbons and a low content of non-hydrocarbons;

[0052] S2: Heating, mixing and hydrogenating the petroleum raw materials to optimize the properties of the raw materials and prepare for the subsequent thermal cracking reaction;

[0053] S3: sending the petroleum raw materials into a coking tower for thermal cracking reaction;

[0054] S4: Separating the coke and asphalt generated in the oil refining process through separation equipment to obtain primary coke products;

[0055] S5: forming the reformed coke, generally by pressing, roasting and other processes, to form a needle-like structure;

[0056] S6: Store the packaged needle coke in a suitable warehouse to maintain its stable quality.

[0057] Working principle: When in use, the closing cover 71 can be pulled away from the decoking nozzle 5 by contracting the hydraulic telescopic rod 72, and then the two hydraulic telescopic rods 72 are rotated ninety degrees by the dual-axis drive motor 75 to expose the decoking nozzle 5, so that the hollow drill bit 812 and the high-pressure nozzle 813 at the rear can be inserted into the interior of the coking tower 2 to remove coke with hydraulic high pressure.

[0058] When the displacement driving motor 84 drives the screw shaft 83 to rotate, the drill rod driving motor 87, the hollow drill rod 811, the hollow drill bit 812 and the high-pressure nozzle 813 can be driven to move downward, and at the same time, the output end of the driving cylinder 821 is controlled to push the pressing plate 819 outward, and the threaded convex strip 820 on the concave surface of the pressing plate 819 begins to mesh with the screw shaft 83;

[0059] In the process of conveying the hollow drill bit 812 downward, the screw shaft 83 will also drive the entire auxiliary plate 815 to move. When the auxiliary plate 815 moves to the specified position, the cylinder 821 is driven to pull the pressure plate 819 back to its original position. The pressure plate 819 is no longer engaged with the screw shaft 83. At the same time, the spring 824 will also push the clamping head 825 to insert into the corresponding clamping groove 826, locking the position of the pressure plate 819.

[0060] The pressing plate 819 and the drill rod sliding ring 814 can be used to support the bottom of the hollow drill rod 811 to prevent the bottom of the hollow drill rod 811 from shaking when the hollow drill rod 811 rotates, thereby ensuring that the bottom of the hollow drill rod 811 operates stably.

[0061] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A coking device, comprising a support frame (1), a coking tower (2) is fixedly installed inside the support frame (1), a discharge nozzle (3) is fixedly installed at the bottom center of the coking tower (2), an oil inlet nozzle (4) is fixedly installed at the lower side of the coking tower (2), a decoking nozzle (5) is fixedly installed at the top center of the coking tower (2), and auxiliary connecting nozzles (6) are fixedly installed at the top of the coking tower (2) and around the decoking nozzle (5), Features: A closing component (7) is arranged on the top of the decoking nozzle (5), and a decoking component (8) is arranged inside the support frame (1) and above the decoking nozzle (5).

2. A coking device according to claim 1, Features: The closing assembly (7) comprises a closing cover (71), one end of a hydraulic telescopic rod (72) being fixedly connected to the top of the closing cover (71), the other end of the hydraulic telescopic rod (72) being movably hinged to a fixing seat (74) via a hinge shaft (73), the hinge shaft (73) being fixedly connected to the output end of a dual-axis driving motor (75), and a side plate (76) for limiting the closing cover (71) being fixedly mounted on the side of the decoking nozzle (5).

3. A coking device according to claim 2, Features: The diameter of the closing cover (71) is consistent with the diameter of the top flange of the decoking nozzle (5), the fixing seat (74) and the dual-axis driving motor (75) are both fixedly connected to the horizontal plate of the support frame (1), and a pressure sensor is embedded inside the side plate (76).

4. A coking device according to claim 1, Features: The decoking assembly (8) comprises a shell (81) with a strip-shaped opening. Two symmetrically arranged sliding rods (82) and a rotatably connected screw shaft (83) are fixedly installed inside the shell (81). The top of the screw shaft (83) is fixedly connected to the output end of a displacement drive motor (84). The outer side of the screw shaft (83) is threadedly connected with a screw sleeve (85). The outer side of the sliding rod (82) is slidably sleeved with a sliding sleeve (88). The screw sleeve (85) and the sliding sleeve (88) are embedded in the interior of a displacement plate (86).

5. A coking device according to claim 4, Features: A drill rod driving motor (87) is embedded in one end of the displacement plate (86) extending to the outside of the housing (81); a hollow rotary seat (89) is detachably mounted on the output end of the drill rod driving motor (87); a hose (810) is detachably mounted on the side of the hollow rotary seat (89); a hollow drill rod (811) is detachably mounted on the bottom of the hollow rotary seat (89); a hollow drill bit (812) is detachably mounted on the bottom of the hollow drill rod (811); and a high-pressure nozzle (813) is threadedly mounted on the bottom of the hollow drill bit (812).

6. A coking device according to claim 5, Features: The outer sliding sleeve of the hollow drill rod (811) is provided with a drill rod sliding ring (814), and the drill rod sliding ring (814) is embedded in the interior of the auxiliary plate (815). The side surfaces of the auxiliary plate (815) are respectively provided with a mounting groove (816) and a slide groove (817). A slide bar (818) is slidably installed in the interior of the slide groove (817). A pressing plate (819) is fixedly installed between the slide bars (818). The pressing plate (819) is slidably installed in the interior of the mounting groove (816). A threaded convex strip (820) meshing with the screw shaft (83) is fixedly installed on the concave side of the pressing plate (819). The side surface of the pressing plate (819) is fixedly connected to the output end of the driving cylinder (821), and the driving cylinder (821) is installed in the interior of the mounting groove (816).

7. A coking device according to claim 6, Features: The front and rear surfaces of the auxiliary plate (815) are both provided with threaded holes (822), a threaded block (823) is threadedly installed at the opening of the threaded hole (822), a spring (824) is provided on the side of the threaded block (823), a clamping head (825) is provided at the other end of the spring (824), and a clamping groove (826) corresponding to the clamping head (825) is provided on the outer side of the sliding rod (82).

8. A process for producing needle coke, It is characterized in that The following steps are involved: S1: Select heavy petroleum fractions or residual oil from crude oil, which have a high content of high molecular weight aromatic hydrocarbons and a low content of non-hydrocarbons; S2: Heating, mixing and hydrogenating the petroleum raw materials to optimize the properties of the raw materials and prepare for the subsequent thermal cracking reaction; S3: sending the petroleum raw materials into a coking tower for thermal cracking reaction; S4: Separating the coke and asphalt generated in the oil refining process through separation equipment to obtain primary coke products; S5: forming the reformed coke, generally by pressing, roasting and other processes, to form a needle-like structure; S6: Store the packaged needle coke in a suitable warehouse to maintain its stable quality.

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