Mine rock blasting drilling equipment and blasting method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of rock drilling equipment, in particular to mine rock blasting drilling equipment and a blasting method. The equipment comprises a drill rod, a sliding mechanism and a driving mechanism, the middle of the drill rod is provided with an airflow channel, and the front end is connected with a pneumatic impactor and an impact drill bit; the sliding mechanism comprises a sliding rail, a sliding seat and a pushing mechanism; and the driving mechanism realizes rotation of the drill rod through the power device, the base and the positioning sleeve. Particularly, the pre-pressing buffering device can provide compressed air for the drill rod and provide elastic thrust, and it is guaranteed that the drill rod works stably. In addition, the transmission efficiency is improved through the meshing design of the transmission part and the abutting part of the drill rod, meanwhile, a multi-stage buffering structure is arranged, and the service life of equipment is effectively prolonged. The technical effects that the drilling efficiency is improved, the energy consumption is reduced, and the equipment reliability is enhanced are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of rock drilling equipment, and in particular to a mining rock blasting drilling equipment and a blasting method. Background Art

[0002] At present, in the mining industry, blasting drilling is one of the main means to achieve large-scale rock and soil crushing. With the development of the mining industry and the advancement of technology, the requirements for improving the efficiency and accuracy of rock and soil drilling and reducing energy consumption are becoming increasingly higher.

[0003] In traditional mining rock and soil blasting drilling equipment, common design schemes include a base, a rotating rod and an impact drill bit. The base is generally fixed on a hydraulic boom, and a slide rail is provided on the base. A slide seat is slidably connected to the slide rail. The slide seat moves by a pushing mechanism such as a transmission chain, a screw rod or an electric telescopic rod, and the power device that connects the drill rod and provides rotational power for the drill rod is directly fixed on the slide seat. When working, it moves by the propulsion force of the pushing mechanism and provides downward pressure on the rotating rod, thereby realizing the drilling of rock and soil. Although it can meet general mining needs, it often seems powerless when faced with complex geological conditions and high-strength rock masses.

[0004] Although there are many improvement measures for traditional mining rock blasting drilling equipment on the market, there are still obvious deficiencies in practical applications. First, the power device of traditional equipment is fixed on the slide and moves with the slide, which increases the burden of the push mechanism and is not conducive to reducing power consumption. Secondly, in the initial key steps of positioning the drilling point and drilling direction, due to the long distance between the impact drill bit and the power device, the base is prone to shaking when moving, which brings great difficulties to the positioning operation. Especially in the process of oblique drilling, due to the gravity of the drill rod and the impact drill bit, it is difficult to ensure the accuracy of the drilling direction. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a new mining rock blasting drilling equipment to improve drilling accuracy and efficiency, while reducing energy consumption and maintenance costs, and ensuring operation safety. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the present application provides a mining rock blasting drilling equipment, which can improve the drilling accuracy and efficiency, while reducing energy consumption and maintenance costs, and ensuring operation safety.

[0006] This application is implemented through the following technical solutions: A mining rock blasting drilling equipment, comprising a drill rod, a sliding mechanism and a driving mechanism, wherein an air flow channel arranged along the circumferential direction is provided in the middle of the drill rod, a pneumatic impactor is threadedly connected to the front end, and an impact drill bit is installed on the head of the pneumatic impactor; the sliding mechanism comprises a slide rail and a slide seat slidably connected to the slide rail, and the slide rail is fixed on a frame; a pushing mechanism on the frame is used to control the movement of the slide seat; the driving mechanism is used to provide rotational power for the drill rod, and a plurality of abutment parts for transmitting torque are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the drill rod in the circumferential direction; a pre-pressure buffer device is provided on the slide seat; the pre-pressure buffer device is used to connect with the tail of the drill rod, provide compressed air for the drill rod, and provide elastic thrust for the rotating rod; the driving mechanism comprises a power device, a base fixed to the bottom end of the frame, and a positioning sleeve rotatably connected to the base; the positioning sleeve is a hollow structure, and a plurality of transmission members adapted to the abutment part of the drill rod are evenly distributed on the inner wall; the transmission member is meshed with the abutment part of the drill rod and positions the drill rod; the power device is used to provide rotational power for the positioning sleeve.

[0007] By adopting the above technical scheme, the mining rock blasting drilling equipment significantly improves the drilling efficiency and operation accuracy. Specifically, there is an abutment part on the drill rod, which creates conditions for providing a driving mechanism at the lower end of the base, and the abutment part can enhance the overall structural strength of the drill rod and improve the service life of the drill rod; the driving mechanism is fixed at the bottom of the frame instead of on the slide, which reduces the burden of the pushing mechanism and reduces energy consumption. A positioning sleeve is provided inside the driving mechanism, and the transmission parts evenly distributed on the inner wall of the positioning sleeve are engaged with the abutment part of the drill rod, ensuring the effective transmission of power, reducing energy loss, further reducing the energy consumption level, and saving operating costs. It should be pointed out that the positioning sleeve realizes the close-range positioning of the impact drill bit, and the tail of the drill rod is fixed on the pre-load buffer device, which realizes the two-point precise positioning of the drill rod, avoids the shaking of the drill rod, and improves the drilling accuracy of the equipment; the application of the pre-load buffer device provides a stable compressed air supply and elastic thrust for the drill rod, avoids mechanical damage caused by instantaneous impact, enhances the reliability and durability of the equipment, reduces the number of maintenance times and cost expenditures, and extends the service life.

[0008] Optionally, the pre-pressure buffer device includes a cylinder sleeve and a piston slidably connected in the cylinder sleeve, a pressure storage cover is fixed to the upper end of the cylinder sleeve, a compressed air inlet is provided on the pressure storage cover, and the inner cavity of the pressure storage cover is connected to the upper cavity of the cylinder sleeve; a first elastic member providing elastic force for piston reset is provided in the lower cavity of the cylinder sleeve; a tube body is fixed to the middle part of the piston, the air inlet of the tube body is connected to the inner cavity of the pressure storage cover, and a pneumatic valve is provided on the air inlet; a thrust ring is provided on the outer wall of the lower end of the tube body, and the lower end of the thrust ring is rotatably connected to a docking sleeve for connecting to the drill pipe head.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the stability and reliability of drilling operations are effectively improved. Specifically, the design of the pre-pressure buffer device can not only provide a stable supply of compressed air for the drill pipe, but also use the air pressure of the compressed air itself to provide a downward thrust to the piston, reducing energy consumption. When the pre-pressure buffer device uses air pressure to provide a downward thrust, it can also reduce the impact of impact vibration on the equipment during drilling, thereby extending the service life of the equipment and reducing maintenance costs; the pneumatic valve can automatically open when the air pressure in the pressure accumulator reaches a certain value, allowing compressed air to enter the pipe body. In addition, the device can also ensure that the drill pipe has good adaptive ability when subjected to external resistance, further improving drilling efficiency and operation quality.

[0010] Optionally, a sealing device for abutting against the air inlet of the drill pipe is provided on the air outlet of the tube body, and the sealing device includes a connecting sleeve and a sealing sleeve, the connecting sleeve is installed on the air outlet of the tube body, the sealing sleeve is slidably connected in the connecting sleeve, and a positioning shoulder is provided at the bottom end of the sealing sleeve; a second elastic member for providing elastic force for resetting the sealing sleeve is provided between the positioning shoulder and the connecting sleeve; a clamping groove is provided at the rear end of the sealing sleeve, and a limiting clamp is provided in the clamping groove.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the sealing device can effectively ensure good sealing performance between the pipe body and the drill pipe. Specifically, the combined design of the connecting sleeve and the sealing sleeve enables the sealing sleeve to fit tightly against the air inlet of the drill pipe under the action of air pressure to prevent gas leakage. At the same time, the second elastic member provides a reset elastic force for the sealing sleeve to ensure that it can maintain a stable sealing state even in a high-pressure environment, thereby improving the working stability and reliability of the equipment. The design of the limit clamp further enhances the stability of the sealing device and avoids sealing failure due to vibration or impact. In summary, the sealing device not only improves the overall sealing effect of the equipment, but also extends its service life and reduces maintenance costs.

[0012] Optionally, a locking ring is fixed to the lower end of the cylinder sleeve, and a locking sleeve is fixed to the docking sleeve, and the locking sleeve abuts against the locking ring under the action of elastic force provided by the first elastic member.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, when the equipment stops supplying air from the compressed air pipe, the connecting sleeve can be automatically locked to prevent the connecting sleeve from rotating, mainly when disassembling and assembling the drill rod, to prevent the connecting sleeve from rotating when the drill rod is rotated. Specifically, when disassembling and assembling the drill rod, the equipment suspends the supply of air from the compressed air pipe, causing the air pressure in the pressure accumulation cover to drop, and the docking sleeve can abut against the locking ring under the elastic force provided by the first elastic member, and then the connecting sleeve can be locked under the action of friction force. A ratchet structure can also be provided on the locking ring and the locking sleeve.

[0014] Optionally, a sliding groove is provided on the inner wall of the positioning sleeve, the transmission member is slidably connected in the sliding groove, and a third elastic member is provided between the bottom of the sliding groove and the transmission member; a conical sleeve is rotatably connected in the base, the upper port of the conical sleeve is a conical structure, and the lower end surface is evenly distributed along the circumference with guide grooves that drive the transmission member to move synchronously; the upper end of the transmission member is provided with a pin that fits the guide groove.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the sliding groove arranged on the inner wall of the positioning sleeve enables the transmission part to slide freely in the radial direction, and provides a restoring force through the third elastic part, ensuring that the transmission part always fits tightly against the abutment part on the drill pipe, thereby improving the transmission efficiency and stability. At the same time, the design of the tapered sleeve can guide the transmission part to be evenly distributed and move synchronously in the axial direction, further enhancing the reliability of the transmission and the accuracy of positioning, and avoiding failures caused by uneven force on individual components.

[0016] Optionally, an arc transition portion is provided between adjacent abutting portions.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, an arc transition portion is provided between adjacent abutting portions. This design can not only effectively transmit torque, but also reduce the wear caused by stress concentration, further improve the durability of the drill rod, and create conditions for the precise positioning of the drill rod. In addition, the design of the arc transition portion can also reduce the vibration generated by the drill rod during rotation, thereby improving the accuracy and stability of the drilling operation.

[0018] Further optionally, the contact end of the transmission member and the drill rod is rotatably connected with a roller, and the roller is adapted to the abutment portion and the transition portion.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the design of the roller changes the friction between the transmission member and the drill rod from sliding to rolling, thereby greatly reducing the friction resistance between the two. This not only improves the efficiency of power transmission, but also reduces the wear caused by long-term use, further extending the service life of the equipment. In addition, the roller is compatible with the abutment part and the transition part, ensuring that the transmission member can stably and smoothly transmit torque during the rotation of the drill rod, thereby improving the accuracy and stability of the drilling operation.

[0020] Optionally, the driving mechanism includes a turntable, which is rotatably connected to the base, and a positioning sleeve is provided at the upper end and the lower end of the turntable; the power device drives the turntable to rotate.

[0021] By adopting the above technical scheme, the drilling efficiency, operation accuracy and reliability are significantly improved. Specifically, positioning sleeves are arranged at the upper and lower ends of the turntable, so that the power transmission is more stable and uniform, avoiding the power loss caused by a single transmission point. In particular, when the connection parts of the head and tail ends of the drill pipe pass through the positioning sleeves, at least one transmission point can be ensured, so that the drill pipe will not suddenly lose power and get stuck, causing damage; at the same time, the double-end positioning design ensures the stability of the drill pipe during high-speed rotation, reduces deviation and vibration, makes the drilling position more accurate, and improves the hole quality; and the modular design facilitates the rapid replacement of damaged parts, reduces the difficulty and cost of maintenance, and further ensures the continuous and efficient operation of the equipment.

[0022] Optionally, the power device is a pneumatic motor, the power device is a pneumatic motor, a wind hood is provided at the bottom end of the frame, a drill rod sleeve is fixed in the wind hood; an impeller is rotatably connected to the drill rod sleeve; an air inlet and an air outlet are provided on the wind hood, the air inlet is connected to the air outlet of the pneumatic motor; and the air inlet is arranged along the oblique direction of the impeller; an air guide hose is provided at the lower end of the wind hood, and a trumpet-shaped air guide hood is provided at the air inlet of the air guide hose, and a shaping spring is provided between the air guide hood and the wind hood.

[0023] By adopting the above technical scheme, the comprehensive performance of the mining rock blasting drilling equipment is significantly improved. Specifically, a pneumatic motor is used as a power device. Compared with the traditional electric or hydraulic drive mode, the pneumatic motor has a higher energy efficiency ratio and can provide a larger torque output at the same power, thereby effectively improving the drilling efficiency and reducing energy consumption; a dust suction device is arranged at the bottom of the frame, which includes a wind hood and a drill pipe sleeve fixed in the wind hood, and the drill pipe sleeve is rotatably connected to the impeller. This design allows the high-pressure exhaust gas generated by the pneumatic motor to enter the wind hood through the air inlet and flow along the oblique direction of the impeller to form a strong vortex effect, effectively sucking the dust generated in the drilling process into the wind hood and discharging it to the dust collection device through the air outlet, greatly It greatly reduces dust pollution at the work site and improves the working environment of workers. The air inlet of the air guide hose is provided with a trumpet-shaped air guide cover, and a shaping spring is provided between the air guide cover and the wind cover. This design not only helps to expand the dust suction range, but also enables the air guide hose to maintain a certain shape stability, avoiding the dust suction effect affected by frequent swinging, and the elastic characteristics of the shaping spring can facilitate the air guide cover to adapt to various inclined terrains. In summary, through the application of the above-mentioned technical means, not only the working efficiency and environmental protection performance of the rock blasting and drilling equipment in the mine are greatly improved, but also the working conditions of the operators are improved, which meets the requirements of modern green mine construction. More importantly, the dust suction device can use the exhaust gas of the pneumatic motor to suction dust, greatly saving energy consumption.

[0024] A mine rock blasting method, using any of the above-mentioned mine rock blasting drilling equipment, wherein the preload buffer device is provided with a sensor for sensing the displacement of the drill rod, the sensor is electrically connected to the control unit of the device, and the control unit regulates the propulsion action of the pushing mechanism according to the value sensed by the sensor, specifically comprising the following steps: The first step is to install the drill rod and the drill bit, insert the drill rod into the positioning sleeve, and align the upper end connection of the drill rod with the connection of the pre-load buffer device. The connection of the pre-load buffer device is locked, and the driving device is started. The power device screws the drill rod into the connection of the pre-load buffer device, and then installs the pneumatic impactor at the lower end of the drill rod; The second step is to position the drill bit and drill rod, align the impact drill bit of the equipment with the set drilling point, and then adjust the frame angle so that the drill rod can be pushed forward to drill at the set angle; The third step is drilling. The equipment is started. The power device drives the drill rod to rotate, and the compressed air pipeline starts to introduce compressed air into the pre-pressure buffer device. The pre-pressure buffer device provides elastic thrust for the rotating rod and drives the rotating rod to move downward. When the value sensed by the sensor reaches the set value, the control unit starts the pushing mechanism to move downward by a set distance, thereby gradually pushing the drill rod to work until the drilling is completed. The fourth step is to place explosives in the drill hole to carry out blasting.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, the distance moved by the rotating rod relative to the slide can be monitored in real time during the drilling process and fed back to the control unit. The control unit dynamically adjusts the propulsion speed and force of the slide according to the actual values, thereby ensuring that the drill rod always maintains the best working state under different geological conditions. This intelligent control method not only improves the drilling efficiency and accuracy, but also effectively avoids the risk of equipment damage caused by excessive pressure, further improving the safety and reliability of the equipment.

[0026] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. In the present application, the abutment parts uniformly distributed circumferentially on the outer wall of the drill rod are meshed with the transmission parts on the inner wall of the positioning sleeve, which ensures the accurate positioning and efficient torque transmission of the drill rod, improves the drilling accuracy and efficiency, and reduces energy loss and energy consumption level; 2. The preload buffer device of the present application avoids mechanical damage caused by instantaneous impact by providing a stable supply of compressed air and elastic thrust for the drill pipe, thereby enhancing the reliability and durability of the equipment, reducing the number of maintenance times and cost expenditures, and extending the service life; 3. The power device of the present application is fixed at the bottom of the frame instead of on the slide, which reduces the burden on the pushing mechanism and reduces energy consumption. At the same time, it realizes the two-point precise positioning of the drill rod, avoids the shaking of the drill rod, and improves the accuracy of the drilling direction, especially in the process of oblique drilling; 4. The intelligent control method of this application not only improves the drilling efficiency and accuracy, but also effectively avoids the risk of equipment damage caused by excessive pressure, and further improves the safety and reliability of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the mining rock blasting drilling equipment described in Example 1; Figure 2 is a front view structural schematic diagram of the drill rod described in Example 1; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the drill rod described in Example 1; Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the pre-pressure buffer device described in Example 1; Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the thrust ring described in Embodiment 1; Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the sealing device described in Example 1; Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the pneumatic valve described in Example 1; Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the slip ring described in Example 1; Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the driving mechanism described in Example 1; Fig.10 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement structure of the guide groove and the detent pin described in the first embodiment; Fig.11 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the positioning sleeve described in Example 1; Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the arrangement structure of the wind cover, the wind guide hose and the air guide cover described in the first embodiment; Fig.13 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement structure of the guide groove and the detent pin described in the second embodiment; Fig.14 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the positioning sleeve described in the second embodiment; Fig.15 It is a schematic diagram of the arrangement structure of the wind cover, the wind guide hose and the air guide cover described in the third embodiment; Fig.16 is a front view structural schematic diagram of the wind shield described in the third embodiment; Fig.17 is a schematic diagram of the top view of the wind shield described in the third embodiment; Fig.18 It is a structural schematic diagram of the mining rock blasting drilling equipment described in the fourth embodiment; Fig.19 It is a structural schematic diagram of the pre-pressure buffer device described in Example 4.

[0028] In the figure: 1, frame; 11, slide rail; 12, hinge seat; 13, mounting plate; 2, drill rod; 21, abutment portion; 22, transition portion; 23, upper connecting portion; 24, lower connecting portion; 25, air flow channel; 3, slide seat; 31, pushing mechanism; 4, pre-pressure buffer device; 41, cylinder sleeve; 411, pressure accumulator cover; 4111, sensor; 412, compressed air inlet; 413, upper cover plate; 414, lower cover plate; 42, piston; 43, first elastic member; 44, pipe body; 45, pneumatic valve; 451, valve sleeve; 452, valve stem; 453, valve cover; 454, compression spring; 455, slip ring; 4551, sliding hole; 46, thrust ring; 461, thrust bearing; 47, docking sleeve; 48, sealing device; 481, connecting Connecting sleeve; 482, sealing sleeve; 4821, positioning shoulder; 4822, limiting clamp; 483, second elastic member; 49, locking sleeve; 5, driving mechanism; 51, power device; 52, base; 521, cover plate; 53, positioning sleeve; 531, slide groove; 54, transmission member; 541, push pin; 542, roller; 55, third elastic member; 56, tapered sleeve; 561, guide groove; 57, turntable; 6, wind hood; 61, drill pipe sleeve; 62, impeller; 621, rotating sleeve; 622, fixing ring; 623, blade; 63, air guide hose; 64, shaping spring; 65, guide hood; 66, air suction port; 67, air inlet; 68, air outlet; 7, pneumatic impactor; 71, impact drill bit; 8, excavator operating arm. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application. Example

[0030] Reference Figure 1The embodiment of the present application discloses a mining rock blasting drilling equipment, including a drill rod 2, a sliding mechanism and a driving mechanism 5. An air flow channel 25 arranged along the circumferential direction is provided in the middle of the drill rod 2, and a pneumatic impactor 7 is threadedly connected to the front end. An impact drill bit 71 is installed on the head of the pneumatic impactor 7. The sliding mechanism includes a slide rail 11 and a slide seat 3 slidably connected to the slide rail 11, wherein the slide rail 11 is fixed on a frame 1, and the frame 1 can be fixed on the boom of an existing hydraulic crane, and the boom can adjust the position of the frame 1; a pushing mechanism 31 for controlling the movement of the slide seat 3 is provided on the frame 1, and the pushing mechanism 31 can be in the form of an electric telescopic rod, a hydraulic telescopic rod or a threaded rod transmission; a pre-pressure buffer device 4 is provided on the slide seat 3, and the pre-pressure buffer device 4 is used to connect with the tail of the drill rod 2 to provide compressed air for the drill rod 2 and provide elastic thrust for the drill rod 2; and the driving mechanism 5 is fixed at the bottom of the frame 1, and is used to provide rotational power for the drill rod 2 and position the drill rod 2.

[0031] Reference Figure 2~3 The upper end of the drill rod 2 is provided with an upper connecting portion 23, and the lower end is provided with a lower connecting portion 24. The upper connecting portion 23 and the lower connecting portion 24 are used for docking between drill rods 2 and drill rods 2 or for connecting drill rods 2 and pneumatic impactor 7, and a threaded structure can be adopted; and the outer wall of the drill rod 2 is evenly distributed with four abutting portions 21 for transmitting torque in the circumferential direction, and the abutting portions 21 are arranged along the axial direction of the drill rod 2. These abutting portions 21 can be in the form of a convex or concave structure. In order to effectively transmit torque, reduce wear caused by stress concentration, further improve the durability of the drill rod 2, and create conditions for the precise positioning of the drill rod 2, an arc transition portion 22 is provided between adjacent abutting portions 21, and the design of the arc transition portion 22 can adopt different radii and curvatures according to actual needs to achieve the best smooth transition effect. For example, a larger radius can be selected to reduce stress concentration, or a smaller radius can be selected to improve rigidity.

[0032] Reference Figures 4 to 6The pre-pressure buffer device 4 mainly includes components such as a cylinder sleeve 41, a piston 42, a pressure storage cover 411, a first elastic member 43, a tube body 44, a thrust ring 46 and a docking sleeve 47, wherein the cylinder sleeve 41 is fixed on the slide seat 3, the upper end surface of the cylinder sleeve 41 is fixed with an upper cover plate 413 by bolts, and the lower end surface is fixed with a lower cover plate 414 by bolts; the piston 42 is slidably connected in the cylinder sleeve 41; the pressure storage cover 411 is fixed to the upper end of the upper cover plate 413 of the cylinder sleeve 41 by bolts, and a compressed air inlet 412 is provided on the pressure storage cover 411, The inner cavity of the pressure accumulator cover 411 is connected to the upper cavity of the cylinder sleeve 41; the first elastic member 43 is a spring, which is arranged in the lower cavity of the cylinder sleeve 41, and is placed between the piston 42 and the lower cover plate 414 to provide elastic force for the piston 42 to reset; a tube body 44 is fixed in the middle of the piston 42, and the air inlet of the tube body 44 is connected to the inner cavity of the pressure accumulator cover 411, and a pneumatic valve 45 is provided on the air inlet, and the pneumatic valve 45 can be automatically opened when the air pressure in the pressure accumulator cover 411 reaches a certain value; a thrust ring 46 is fixed to the outer wall of the lower end of the tube body 44 by bolts, and the thrust ring 46 is fixed to the outer wall of the lower end of the tube body 44 by bolts. The lower end of the ring 46 is rotatably connected to a docking sleeve 47 for connecting to the connecting portion 23 on the drill pipe 2 through a bearing. Specifically, the docking sleeve 47 is fixed to the tube body 44 through a roller bearing, and in order to improve the reliability of the device and reduce the load of the roller bearing, a thrust bearing 461 is also provided between the thrust ring 46 and the docking sleeve 47. When drilling, when high-pressure air enters the pressure storage cover 411 from the compressed air inlet 412, the air pressure in the pressure storage cover 411 increases, thereby driving the piston 42 to overcome the elastic force of the first elastic member 43 and move downward. , providing top pressure for the drill rod 2 to improve the drilling efficiency, and the compressed air with a higher pressure in the pressure storage cover 411 enters the airway of the tube body 44 after pushing open the pneumatic valve 45, thereby supplying air to the drill rod 2 to drive the pneumatic impactor 7 to work; it should be pointed out that during the drilling process of the equipment, the pre-pressure buffer device 4 can also reduce the vibration and impact during the drilling process due to the compressibility of the air in the pressure storage cover 411, thereby ensuring that the drill rod 2 has good adaptability when subjected to external resistance, thereby improving the drilling accuracy and the service life of the equipment.

[0033] Reference Figures 4 to 6In order to effectively ensure good sealing performance between the pipe body 44 and the drill rod 2, a sealing device 48 for contacting with the air inlet of the drill rod 2 is provided on the air outlet of the pipe body 44, wherein the sealing device 48 comprises a connecting sleeve 481 and a sealing sleeve 482; the connecting sleeve 481 is threadedly connected to the air outlet of the pipe body 44, a guide hole is provided at the lower end of the connecting sleeve 481, and a sealing ring is provided on the inner wall of the guide hole; the sealing sleeve 482 is slidably connected in the guide hole, and a positioning shoulder 4821 is provided on the outer wall of the bottom end of the sealing sleeve 482; a sealing sleeve 482 is provided between the positioning shoulder 4821 and the connecting sleeve 481. 82 reset to provide elastic force for the second elastic member 483; in order to prevent the sealing sleeve 482 from slipping off from the connecting sleeve 481, a groove is provided at the rear end of the sealing sleeve 482, and a limiting clamp 4822 is provided in the groove. Before the sealing sleeve 482 abuts against the drill rod 2, the elastic force of the second elastic member 483 drives the limiting clamp to abut against the sliding hole 4551, and when the sealing sleeve 482 is docked with the drill rod 2, the elastic force of the second elastic member 483 can drive the air outlet of the sealing sleeve 482 to be close to the air inlet of the drill hole to achieve a sealing effect. In order to improve the sealing effect, a rubber pad can be provided on the lower end surface of the sealing sleeve 482.

[0034] Reference Figure 7-8 The pneumatic valve 45 includes a valve sleeve 451, a valve stem 452, a compression spring 454 and a valve cover 453. The valve sleeve 451 is threadedly connected to the air inlet end of the tube body 44, and a lifting shoulder is provided in the valve sleeve 451, on which a slip ring 455 is positioned and installed; the valve stem 452 is slidably connected to a sliding hole 4551 provided in the middle of the slip ring 455; an air hole is provided in the middle of the valve cover 453, which is threadedly connected to the upper end of the valve sleeve 451; the compression spring 454 is sleeved on the valve stem 452 and placed between the valve stem 452 and the slip ring 455. Under the elastic force provided by the compression spring 454, the conical head of the valve stem 452 abuts against the air hole of the valve cover 453. When the air pressure in the pressure accumulator cover 411 reaches a set value, the elastic force of the compression spring 454 can be overcome to push the valve stem 452 out of the air hole to achieve ventilation. It should be pointed out that under normal circumstances, the pneumatic valve 45 can also adopt a common pressure reducing valve.

[0035] Reference Figures 9-11The driving mechanism 5 includes a power device 51, a base 52, a turntable 57 and a positioning sleeve 53, wherein the power device 51 can be a pneumatic motor, an electric motor or a hydraulic motor and other types, and the specific selection depends on the needs of the actual application scenario; the base 52 is fixed on the mounting plate 13 provided at the bottom end of the frame 1, and the positioning sleeve 53 is rotatably connected to the base 52 through the turntable 57. Specifically, a through hole is provided in the middle of the turntable 57, which is rotatably connected to the base 52 through a bearing, and the upper and lower ends of the turntable 57 are fixed with the positioning sleeve 53 by bolts, so that the power transmission is more stable and uniform, and the power loss caused by a single transmission point is avoided, especially when the connecting part of the head and tail ends of the drill rod 2 passes through the positioning sleeve 53, at least one transmission point can be ensured, so that the drill rod 2 will not suddenly lose power and jam, causing damage; at the same time, the double-end positioning design ensures the stability of the drill rod 2 when rotating at high speed, reduces deviation and vibration, makes the drilling position more accurate, and improves the hole quality; and the modular design facilitates the rapid replacement of damaged parts, reduces the difficulty and cost of maintenance, and further ensures the continuous and efficient operation of the equipment.

[0036] Reference Fig.11 The positioning sleeve 53 is a hollow structure, and the inner wall is evenly distributed with four transmission members 54 adapted to the abutment portion 21 of the drill rod 2. The transmission member 54 is meshed with the abutment portion 21 of the drill rod 2 and positions the drill rod 2; the power device 51 is used to provide rotational power for the positioning sleeve 53. Specifically, a slide groove 531 is provided on the inner wall of the positioning sleeve 53, and the transmission member 54 is slidably connected in the slide groove 531, and a third elastic member 55 is provided between the bottom of the slide groove 531 and the transmission member 54. For the convenience of processing, the slide groove 531 runs through the positioning sleeve 53. At the same time, in the positioning The outer wall of the sleeve 53 is fixed with a cover plate 521 by bolts, and the third elastic member 55 is arranged between the cover plate 521 and the transmission member 54; in order to ensure the synchronization of the movement of each transmission member 54 to realize the positioning of the drill rod 2, a tapered sleeve 56 is rotatably connected to the positioning sleeve 53 through a bearing, and the lower end of the tapered sleeve 56 is provided with a guide groove 561 that drives the transmission member 54 to move synchronously, and the upper end of the transmission member 54 is provided with a pin 541 that adapts to the guide groove 561; in order to preliminarily position the drill rod 2, the upper end of the tapered sleeve 56 is a conical structure.

[0037] Reference Fig.12The lower end surface of the mounting plate 13 at the bottom of the frame 1 is provided with a hood 6, which is connected to the vacuum cleaner, and the lower end of the hood 6 is provided with an air guide hose 63, and the air inlet 67 of the air guide hose 63 is provided with a trumpet-shaped air guide hood 65, and a shaping spring 64 is provided between the air guide hood 65 and the hood 6. When working, the air guide hood 65 covers the drill hole to prevent the dust driven by the exhaust gas of the pneumatic impactor 7 from overflowing, and the dust in the hood 6 is guided by the ventilation pipe under the suction force of the vacuum cleaner and the exhaust gas of the pneumatic impactor 7. , is collected in designated equipment, which can improve the working conditions of operators and meet the requirements of modern green mine construction. Among them, the air inlet 67 of the air guide hose 63 is provided with a trumpet-shaped air deflector 65, and a shaping spring 64 is provided between the air deflector 65 and the wind hood 6. This design not only helps to expand the dust suction range, but also enables the air guide hose 63 to maintain a certain shape stability, avoiding the dust suction effect affected by frequent swinging, and the elastic characteristics of the shaping spring 64 can facilitate the air deflector 65 to adapt to various inclined terrains.

[0038] The implementation principle of this embodiment is as follows: by fixing the power device 51 at the bottom of the frame 1 instead of moving with the slide 3, the burden of the pushing mechanism 31 is significantly reduced and the power consumption is reduced. At the same time, the abutment portion 21 on the drill rod 2 and the transmission member 54 in the positioning sleeve 53 are combined to ensure the effective transmission of power and improve the drilling efficiency and accuracy. The application of the preload buffer device 4 further enhances the stability and reliability of the equipment, reduces the number of maintenance times and cost expenditures, and extends the service life. Example

[0039] Reference Figures 13 and 14 The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that the contact end of the transmission member 54 and the drill rod 2 is rotatably connected with a roller 542, and the roller 542 is adapted to the abutment portion 21 and the transition portion 22. Specifically, the design of the roller 542 changes the friction between the transmission member 54 and the drill rod 2 from sliding to rolling, thereby greatly reducing the friction resistance between the two, which not only improves the efficiency of power transmission, but also reduces the wear caused by long-term use, further extending the service life of the equipment. The roller 542 can be made of a variety of materials, such as a steel roller 542, a ceramic roller 542, or a composite roller 542, and the specific selection depends on the actual application requirements and cost considerations.

[0040] The implementation principle of this embodiment is: by setting a roller 542 at the contact end between the transmission member 54 and the drill rod 2, the original sliding friction is changed to rolling friction, which significantly improves the efficiency and stability of power transmission. This design is particularly suitable for high-load and long-term continuous working scenes, which can effectively extend the service life of the equipment and reduce maintenance costs. Example

[0041] Reference Figures 15-17, the difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that the power device 51 is a pneumatic motor, and a dust suction device is provided at the bottom end of the frame 1, the dust suction device includes a hood 6 and a drill rod sleeve 61 fixed in the hood 6; the inner wall of the drill rod sleeve 61 can accommodate the drill rod 2 to pass through, and the outer wall is rotatably connected with an impeller 62; the impeller 62 includes a rotating sleeve 621 and a fixing ring 622 fixed to the rotating sleeve 621 by a supporting bar, and the fixing ring 622 is evenly distributed with a plurality of vertically arranged blades 623; an air inlet 67 and an air outlet 68 are provided on the hood 6, and the air inlet 67 is connected to the air outlet 68 of the pneumatic motor; and the air inlet 67 is arranged along the oblique direction of the impeller 62; an air guide hose 63 is provided at the lower end of the hood 6, and the air inlet 67 of the air guide hose 63 is provided with a trumpet-shaped air guide 65, and a shaping spring 64 is provided between the air guide 65 and the hood 6.

[0042] The implementation principle of the embodiment of the present application is: the pneumatic motor is used as the power device 51. Compared with the traditional electric or hydraulic drive method, the pneumatic motor has a higher energy efficiency ratio and can provide a greater torque output at the same power, thereby effectively improving the drilling efficiency and reducing energy consumption. More importantly, the high-pressure exhaust gas generated by the air outlet 68 of the pneumatic motor can enter the wind hood 6 through the air inlet 67 and flow along the oblique direction of the impeller 62 to form a strong vortex effect, which effectively sucks the dust generated during the drilling process into the wind hood 6 and discharges it to the dust collection device through the air outlet 68, thereby realizing the rational use of energy and greatly saving energy consumption. Example

[0043] refer to Figures 18 and 19 The present embodiment also discloses a mining rock blasting method, which uses any mining rock blasting drilling equipment in the above embodiments, wherein the pre-load buffer device 4 is provided with a sensor 4111 for sensing the displacement of the drill rod 2 relative to the slide 3, and the sensor 4111 is electrically connected to the control unit of the device, and the control unit regulates the advancement of the slide 3 according to the value sensed by the sensor 4111. Specifically, the sensor 4111 is a distance sensor 4111, and the head of the pressure accumulator cover 411 is installed. The displacement distance of the drill rod 2 relative to the slide 3 is determined by detecting the distance between the piston 42 and the sensor 4111, and specifically includes the following steps: The first step is to install the drill rod 2 and the drill bit, insert the drill rod 2 into the positioning sleeve 53, and align the upper end connection portion of the drill rod 2 with the connection portion of the docking sleeve 47. The docking sleeve 47 is in a locked state when the pressure storage cover 411 is not ventilated. In this state, the power device 51 is started, and the positioning sleeve 53 is driven by the power device 51 to rotate, and the drill rod 2 is screwed into the docking sleeve 47, and then the pneumatic impactor 7 is installed at the lower end of the drill rod 2; The second step is to position the drill bit and the drill rod 2, align the impact drill bit 71 of the equipment with the set drilling point, and then adjust the angle of the frame 1 so that the drill rod 2 is pushed forward to drill at the set angle. Specifically, the frame 1 can be provided with an articulated seat 12, and the frame 1 can be installed on the existing excavator operating arm 8, and the position and angle of the equipment for mining rock blasting drilling can be adjusted by using the excavator's mobility and hydraulic system; The third step is drilling. The equipment is started. The driving device drives the drill rod 2 to rotate, and the compressed air pipeline starts to introduce compressed air into the pre-pressure buffer device 4. The pre-pressure buffer device 4 provides elastic thrust for the rotating rod and drives the rotating rod to move downward. When the value sensed by the sensor 4111 reaches the set value, the control unit starts the slide 3 to move downward by a set distance, thereby gradually pushing the drill rod 2 to work until the drilling is completed; specifically, the compressed air enters the pressure storage cover 411. On the one hand, the compressed gas enters the pipe body 44 from the pneumatic valve 45, and enters the pneumatic impactor 7 through the airway in the drill pipe, driving the pneumatic impactor 7 to work. On the other hand, the piston 42 moves downward when the air pressure in the pressure storage cover 411 increases, and presses the drill rod 2 through the thrust ring 46 to work. When the value sensed by the distance sensor 4111 reaches the set value, the control unit starts the pushing mechanism 31 to move downward by a set distance, thereby gradually pushing the drill rod 2 to work until the drilling is completed; The fourth step is to place explosives in the drill hole to carry out blasting.

[0044] The implementation principle of the embodiment of the present application is: it can monitor the air pressure value in the pressure accumulation cover 411 in real time during the drilling process, and feed it back to the control unit. The control unit dynamically adjusts the propulsion speed and force of the slide 3 according to the actual air pressure value, thereby ensuring that the drill rod 2 always maintains the best working state under different geological conditions. This intelligent control method not only improves the drilling efficiency and accuracy, but also effectively avoids the risk of equipment damage caused by excessive pressure, and further improves the safety and reliability of the equipment.

[0045] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit it. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A mining rock blasting drilling device, comprising a drill rod (2), a sliding mechanism and a driving mechanism (5), wherein an air flow channel (25) arranged along a circumferential direction is provided in the middle of the drill rod (2), a pneumatic impactor (7) is threadedly connected to the front end, and an impact drill bit (71) is installed on the head of the pneumatic impactor (7); the sliding mechanism comprises a slide rail (11) and a slide seat (3) slidably connected to the slide rail (11), and the slide rail (11) is fixed on a frame (1); a pushing mechanism (31) for controlling the movement of the slide seat (3) is provided on the frame (1); the driving mechanism (5) is used to provide rotational power for the drill rod (2), and is characterized in that: The outer wall of the drill rod (2) is uniformly provided with a plurality of abutment portions (21) for transmitting torque. The slide seat (3) is provided with a pre-pressure buffer device (4). The pre-pressure buffer device (4) is used to connect with the rear end of the drill rod (2) to provide compressed air for the drill rod (2) and to provide elastic thrust for the rotating rod. The driving mechanism (5) comprises a power device (51), a base (52) fixed at the bottom end of the frame (1), and a positioning sleeve (53) rotatably connected to the base (52). The positioning sleeve (53) is a hollow structure, and the inner wall is uniformly provided with a plurality of transmission members (54) adapted to the abutment portions (21) of the drill rod (2). The transmission member (54) is meshed with the abutment portions (21) of the drill rod (2) to position the drill rod (2). The power device (51) is used to provide rotational power for the positioning sleeve (53).

2. The mining rock blasting drilling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pre-pressure buffer device (4) comprises a cylinder sleeve (41) and a piston (42) slidably connected in the cylinder sleeve (41); a pressure accumulator cover (411) is fixed at the upper end of the cylinder sleeve (41); a compressed air inlet (412) is provided on the pressure accumulator cover (411), and the inner cavity of the pressure accumulator cover (411) is communicated with the upper cavity of the cylinder sleeve (41); a first elastic member (43) for providing elastic force for resetting the piston (42) is provided in the lower cavity of the cylinder sleeve (41); a pipe body (44) is fixed at the middle of the piston (42); the air inlet of the pipe body (44) is communicated with the inner cavity of the pressure accumulator cover (411), and a pneumatic valve (45) is provided on the air inlet; a thrust ring (46) is provided on the outer wall of the lower end of the pipe body (44); a docking sleeve (47) for connecting to the head of a drill pipe (2) is rotatably connected to the lower end of the thrust ring (46).

3. The mining rock blasting drilling equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: A sealing device (48) for abutting against an air inlet of a drill pipe (2) is provided on the air outlet of the tube body (44), the sealing device (48) comprising a connecting sleeve (481) and a sealing sleeve (482), the connecting sleeve (481) being mounted on the air outlet of the tube body (44), the sealing sleeve (482) being slidably connected in the connecting sleeve (481), and a positioning shoulder (4821) being provided at the bottom end of the sealing sleeve (482); a second elastic member (483) for providing elastic force for resetting the sealing sleeve (482) is provided between the positioning shoulder (4821) and the connecting sleeve (481); a clamping groove is provided at the rear end of the sealing sleeve (482), and a limit clamp (4822) is provided in the clamping groove.

4. The mining rock blasting drilling equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: A locking ring is fixed to the lower end of the cylinder sleeve (41), a locking sleeve (49) is fixed to the docking sleeve (47), and the locking sleeve (49) abuts against the locking ring under the action of the elastic force provided by the first elastic member (43).

5. The mining rock blasting drilling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the positioning sleeve (53) is provided with a slide groove (531), the transmission member (54) is slidably connected in the slide groove (531), and a third elastic member (55) is provided between the bottom of the slide groove (531) and the transmission member (54); a conical sleeve (56) is rotatably connected to the base (52), the upper end of the conical sleeve (56) is in a conical structure, and the lower end surface is uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction with guide grooves (561) for driving the transmission member (54) to move synchronously; and a detent pin (541) adapted to the guide groove (561) is provided at the upper end of the transmission member (54).

6. The mining rock blasting drilling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: An arc transition portion (22) is provided between adjacent abutment portions (21).

7. The mining rock blasting drilling equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The contact end of the transmission member (54) and the drill rod (2) is rotatably connected with a roller (542), and the roller (542) is adapted to the abutment portion (21) and the transition portion (22).

8. The mining rock blasting drilling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving mechanism (5) comprises a rotating disk (57), the rotating disk (57) being rotatably connected to the base (52), and a positioning sleeve (53) being provided at the upper end and the lower end of the rotating disk (57); the power device (51) drives the rotating disk (57) to rotate.

9. The mining rock blasting drilling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power device (51) is a pneumatic motor. A wind shield (6) is provided at the bottom end of the frame (1). A drill rod sleeve (61) is fixed in the wind shield (6). An impeller (62) is rotatably connected to the drill rod sleeve (61). An air inlet (67) and an air outlet (68) are provided on the wind shield (6). The air inlet (67) is communicated with the air outlet (68) of the pneumatic motor. The air inlet (67) is arranged along the oblique direction of the impeller (62). An air guide hose (63) is provided at the lower end of the wind shield (6). A trumpet-shaped air guide shield (65) is provided at the air inlet (67) of the air guide hose (63). A shaping spring (64) is provided between the air guide shield (65) and the wind shield (6).

10. A method for rock blasting in a mine, characterized in that: A mining rock blasting drilling device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein a sensor (4111) for sensing the displacement of a drill rod (2) is provided on the preload buffer device (4), the sensor (4111) is electrically connected to a control unit of the device, and the control unit regulates the propulsion action of the push mechanism (31) according to the value sensed by the sensor (4111), specifically comprising the following steps: The first step is to install the drill rod (2) and the drill bit, insert the drill rod (2) into the positioning sleeve (53), and align the upper end connection portion of the drill rod (2) with the connection portion of the pre-pressure buffer device (4). The connection portion of the pre-pressure buffer device (4) is locked, and the driving device is started. The power device (51) screws the drill rod (2) into the connection portion of the pre-pressure buffer device (4), and then installs the pneumatic impactor (7) at the lower end of the drill rod (2); The second step is to position the drill bit and the drill rod (2), align the impact drill bit (71) of the equipment with the set drilling point, and then adjust the angle of the frame (1) so that the drill rod (2) is pushed forward to drill the hole at the set angle; The third step is drilling. The equipment is started. The power device (51) drives the drill rod (2) to rotate, and the compressed air pipeline starts to introduce compressed air into the pre-pressure buffer device (4). The pre-pressure buffer device (4) provides elastic thrust for the rotating rod and drives the rotating rod to move downward. When the value sensed by the sensor (4111) reaches the set value, the control unit starts the pushing mechanism (31) to move downward by a set distance, thereby gradually pushing the drill rod (2) to work until the drilling is completed. The fourth step is to place explosives in the drill hole to carry out blasting.

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