Press fitting device and press fitting method

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of auxiliary tools, and provides a press fitting device and a press fitting method. The press-fitting device comprises a press-fitting piece; the press-fitting sleeve is connected to the press-fitting piece, a first positioning structure is arranged on the press-fitting sleeve, and the lining is suitable for being positioned with the press-fitting sleeve through the first positioning structure; and the positioning seat is used for mounting the lower clamping plate, a second positioning structure is arranged on the positioning seat, and the lower clamping plate is suitable for primary positioning with the positioning seat through the second positioning structure. According to the press-fitting device, the press-fitting precision and reliability of the bushing and the lower clamping plate can be improved; the operation process is simple and the working efficiency is high. The press-fitting process of the lining and the lower clamping plate is more stable, and the possibility of press-fitting failure caused by misoperation or equipment failure is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of auxiliary tooling and provides a press-fitting device and a press-fitting method. Background Art

[0002] In the process of press-fitting the axle box spring of rail vehicles, especially in the maintenance work of subways, EMUs and other vehicles, the traditional bushing press-fitting method has certain technical defects and safety hazards. First, there is an interference fit between the bushing and the inner hole of the lower clamp. The existing press-fitting method lacks effective positioning and support devices, which leads to the bushing being prone to deflection, falling, extrusion deformation, twisting and other problems during the press-fitting process. Manual hand-held bushings need to be frequently checked for verticality and corrected, which not only increases the difficulty of operation, but also may cause the risk of hand squeezing. At the same time, the operation efficiency is low. Secondly, the press head directly contacts the surface of the bushing, which can easily cause wear and deformation of the bushing surface. In addition, when the lower clamp of the axle box spring is placed under the press, it only relies on the plane of the threaded hole of the lower clamp as support. The support is unstable and it is easy to cause the surface of the lower clamp to be crushed or the threaded structure to be damaged due to the skew of the press-fitting, affecting subsequent operations or causing safety hazards. Summary of the invention

[0003] The embodiment of the present invention provides a press-fitting device, which is used to solve the defect that the bushing is easily deflected and dropped during the press-fitting process between the bushing and the lower clamping plate in the related art.

[0004] The embodiment of the present invention also provides a method for press-fitting a bushing and a lower clamping plate in an axle box.

[0005] A first aspect of the present invention provides a press-fitting device, comprising: Pressed parts; A press-fitting sleeve connected to the press-fitting part, the press-fitting sleeve is provided with a first positioning structure, and the bushing is suitable for being positioned with the press-fitting sleeve through the first positioning structure; The positioning seat is used to install the lower clamping plate. The positioning seat is provided with a second positioning structure. The lower clamping plate is suitable for primary positioning with the positioning seat through the second positioning structure.

[0006] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the first positioning structure includes: A first positioning pin, along the radial direction of the press-fitting sleeve, part of which is detachably passed through the outer circumferential surface of the press-fitting sleeve, the first positioning pin is used for positioning and matching with the bushing, and the end of the first positioning pin passing through the press-fitting sleeve is arc-shaped; The first elastic member is arranged in the radial direction of the press-fitting sleeve and is abutted between the first positioning pin and the press-fitting sleeve.

[0007] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the press-fitting device also includes a sleeve removal pin, and along the radial direction of the press-fitting sleeve, part of the sleeve removal pin can be detachably passed through the outer cylindrical surface of the press-fitting sleeve, and the end of the sleeve removal pin passing through the press-fitting sleeve is flat, and the first elastic member abuts between the sleeve removal pin and the press-fitting sleeve. When the sleeve needs to be removed from the lower clamping plate, the sleeve removal pin is suitable for pressing against the outer cylindrical surface of the bushing.

[0008] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the second positioning structure includes: A second positioning pin, along the radial direction of the positioning seat, part of which can movably pass through the inner circular surface of the positioning seat, and the second positioning pin is used for positioning and cooperating with the lower clamping plate; The second elastic member is arranged in the radial direction of the positioning seat and passes through the positioning seat and abuts between the second positioning pin and the positioning seat.

[0009] According to one embodiment of the present invention, an opening is formed on one side of the positioning seat facing the lower clamping plate, and a stepped positioning portion is formed at the end of the opening. The lower clamping plate is suitable for achieving secondary positioning with the positioning seat through the stepped positioning portion.

[0010] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a positioning groove is formed on the bottom of the positioning seat on one side facing the lower clamping plate, and the end of the lower clamping plate is suitable for achieving three-level positioning with the positioning seat through the positioning groove.

[0011] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a third elastic member is provided at a position of the positioning seat corresponding to the positioning groove, and the third elastic member is provided along a height direction of the positioning seat.

[0012] According to one embodiment of the present invention, it also includes a detection pin and a detection sleeve, the detection pin is suitable for being placed in the lower clamping plate, the detection sleeve is detachably installed on the press-fit part, and the detection pin and the detection sleeve are suitable for detecting the coaxiality of the press-fit part and the positioning seat.

[0013] According to one embodiment of the present invention, it further comprises a frame, the pressing member is mounted on the frame, and the positioning seat is slidably mounted on the frame.

[0014] A second aspect of the present invention provides a press-fitting method of the press-fitting device as described above, comprising: Installing the lower clamping plate on the positioning seat through the second positioning structure; Installing a press-fitting sleeve on the press-fitting part and installing a bushing on the press-fitting part through the first positioning structure; The bushing is press-fitted onto the lower clamping plate by the press-fitting member.

[0015] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the press-fitting device further comprises a detection pin and a detection sleeve, wherein the detection pin is suitable for being placed in the lower clamping plate, and the detection sleeve is detachably mounted on the press-fitting part.

[0016] Before the step of installing the lower clamping plate on the positioning seat through the second positioning structure, the method includes: Detecting the coaxiality of the press-fitted part and the positioning seat by means of the detection pin and the detection sleeve; or,

[0017] The press-fitting device further comprises a sleeve removal pin, and part of the sleeve removal pin detachably passes through the outer circumferential surface of the press-fitting sleeve along the radial direction of the press-fitting sleeve, and the end of the sleeve removal pin passing through the press-fitting sleeve is flat, and the first positioning structure abuts between the sleeve removal pin and the press-fitting sleeve.

[0018] The press-fitting method further comprises: When the bushing needs to be removed from the lower clamping plate, the bushing removal pin is suitable for pressing against the outer circumferential surface of the bushing; The press is driven in reverse.

[0019] According to the press-fitting device provided by the embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, through the arrangement of the first positioning structure and the second positioning structure, the present invention can ensure that the bushing and the lower clamping plate always maintain the correct position and posture during the press-fitting process, thereby greatly improving the accuracy and reliability of the press-fitting. Due to the adoption of a special positioning structure, the operator does not need to frequently adjust the position of the bushing and the lower clamping plate during the press-fitting process, thereby simplifying the operation process and improving work efficiency. The design of the press-fitting sleeve and the positioning seat makes the press-fitting process more stable and reduces the possibility of press-fitting failure due to improper operation or equipment failure. The press-fitting device of the present invention can adapt to bushings and lower clamping plates of different specifications and models, and only needs to replace the corresponding positioning structure, so it has wide applicability. The press-fitting device of the present invention has significant advantages in the press-fitting process of the bushing and the lower clamping plate in the axle box, and can effectively improve the press-fitting accuracy and work efficiency, and reduce the difficulty of operation and the failure rate.

[0020] According to the press-fitting method provided in the embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention, the steps are clear and the operation is simple, which can greatly shorten the press-fitting time and improve production efficiency. Through precise positioning structure and reasonable press-fitting steps, the method can ensure the stability and accuracy of the bushing and the lower clamping plate during the press-fitting process, thereby greatly improving the press-fitting quality. The method simplifies the press-fitting process, reduces the requirements for the skill level of the operator, and enables more people to be competent for this job. During the press-fitting process, through the reasonable arrangement of steps and the setting of the positioning structure, safety accidents caused by improper operation or equipment failure can be effectively avoided, thereby enhancing the safety of the press-fitting process. The press-fitting method provided in the embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention has the advantages of high efficiency, accuracy, simplicity and safety, is suitable for the press-fitting work of the bushing and the lower clamping plate in the axle box, and has important practical value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the bushing provided by the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the lower clamping plate provided by the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 It is a schematic assembly cross-sectional view of the detection pin shaft, the detection sleeve and the lower clamping plate provided by the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 It is a schematic assembly cross-sectional view of the press-fit sleeve, bushing, lower clamping plate and positioning seat provided by the present invention.

[0026] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the press-fitting device provided by the present invention.

[0027] Figure 6 It is a schematic flow chart of the press-fitting method provided by the present invention.

[0028] Reference numerals: 100, press-fitted part; 102, press-fitted sleeve; 104, positioning seat; 106, first positioning pin; 108, first elastic member; 110, second positioning pin; 112, second elastic member; 114, stepped positioning portion; 116, positioning groove; 118, third elastic member; 120, detection pin shaft; 122, detection shaft sleeve; 124, frame; 126, bushing; 128, lower clamping plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0030] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the first embodiment of the present invention provides a press-fitting device, comprising: Pressed component 100; The press-fitting sleeve 102 is connected to the press-fitting part 100. The press-fitting sleeve 102 is provided with a first positioning structure. The bushing 126 is suitable for being positioned with the press-fitting sleeve 102 through the first positioning structure. The positioning seat 104 is used to install the lower clamping plate 128. The positioning seat 104 is provided with a second positioning structure. The lower clamping plate 128 is suitable for primary positioning with the positioning seat 104 through the second positioning structure.

[0031] According to the press-fitting device provided by the embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, through the setting of the first positioning structure and the second positioning structure, the present invention can ensure that the bushing 126 and the lower clamping plate 128 always maintain the correct position and posture during the press-fitting process, thereby greatly improving the accuracy and reliability of the press-fitting. Due to the use of a special positioning structure, the operator does not need to frequently adjust the position of the bushing 126 and the lower clamping plate 128 during the press-fitting process, thereby simplifying the operation process and improving work efficiency. The design of the press-fitting sleeve 102 and the positioning seat 104 makes the press-fitting process more stable and reduces the possibility of press-fitting failure caused by improper operation or equipment failure. The press-fitting device of the present invention can adapt to bushings 126 and lower clamping plates 128 of different specifications and models, and only needs to replace the corresponding positioning structure, so it has a wide range of applicability. The press-fitting device of the present invention has significant advantages in the press-fitting process of the bushing 126 and the lower clamping plate 128 in the axle box, and can effectively improve the press-fitting accuracy and work efficiency, and reduce the difficulty of operation and the failure rate.

[0032] Please continue to see Figures 1 to 5 The first embodiment of the present invention provides a device specially designed for press-fitting the bushing 126 and the lower clamping plate 128 in the axle box. The device mainly consists of the following key parts: The press-fitting part 100 is the power or execution part of the entire press-fitting device, and is responsible for providing the necessary pressure or thrust to ensure that the bushing 126 can be correctly and firmly press-fitted onto the lower clamping plate 128. The specific form of the press-fitting part 100 includes a hydraulic cylinder, a pneumatic cylinder, a mechanical pressing head, etc., and the specific selection depends on the actual working environment and press-fitting requirements.

[0033] The press-fitting sleeve 102 is a component connected to the press-fitting part 100, and transmits the pressure generated by the press-fitting part 100 to the bushing 126. The press-fitting sleeve 102 is designed with a first positioning structure, which is used to accurately position the bushing 126 to ensure that the bushing 126 can maintain the correct position and posture during the press-fitting process to avoid press-fitting deviation. The arrangement of the press-fitting sleeve 102 avoids wear and deformation of the surface of the bushing 126.

[0034] The positioning seat 104 is a component for installing and positioning the lower clamping plate 128. On the positioning seat 104, a second positioning structure is provided, which is used to achieve the primary positioning of the lower clamping plate 128. The primary positioning means that through this structure, the lower clamping plate 128 can be initially fixed on the positioning seat 104, ready for the subsequent press-fitting work.

[0035] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the first positioning structure includes: A first positioning pin 106, along the radial direction of the press-fitting sleeve 102, a portion of the first positioning pin 106 detachably passes through the outer circumferential surface of the press-fitting sleeve 102, the first positioning pin 106 is used to position and cooperate with the bushing 126, and the end of the first positioning pin 106 passing through the press-fitting sleeve 102 is arc-shaped; The first elastic member 108 is disposed in the press-fitting sleeve 102 along the radial direction of the press-fitting sleeve 102 and abuts between the first positioning pin 106 and the press-fitting sleeve 102 .

[0036] like Figure 4 As shown, according to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the first positioning structure is further refined and optimized to provide a more accurate and reliable positioning effect. Specifically, the first positioning structure includes two key components: a first positioning pin 106 and a first elastic member 108 .

[0037] The first locating pins 106 are arranged along the radial direction of the press-fitting sleeve 102, and part of the first locating pins 106 can be detachably passed through the outer circumferential surface of the press-fitting sleeve 102. This means that the first locating pins 106 can not only play a positioning role during the press-fitting process, but can also be easily disassembled and replaced when necessary.

[0038] The main function of the first locating pin 106 is to be used for positioning and matching with the bushing 126. By accurately matching the positioning hole or positioning surface on the bushing 126, the first locating pin 106 can ensure the stability and accuracy of the bushing 126 during the press-fitting process.

[0039] The end of the first positioning pin 106 passing through the press-fit sleeve 102 is arc-shaped. This design helps to reduce the wear of the bushing 126 or the press-fit sleeve 102 during the insertion and extraction process, while increasing the flexibility and adaptability of positioning.

[0040] The first elastic member 108 is radially disposed inside the press-fitting sleeve 102 and abuts between the first positioning pin 106 and the press-fitting sleeve 102. This means that the first elastic member 108 always applies a certain pressure to the first positioning pin 106 to keep it stable and adapt to different positioning requirements.

[0041] The main function of the first elastic member 108 is to provide necessary elasticity and buffering. During the press-fitting process, when the bushing 126 contacts the first positioning pin 106, the first elastic member 108 can absorb part of the impact force, reduce the wear of the positioning pin and the bushing 126, and ensure the accuracy and reliability of positioning.

[0042] By precisely matching the positioning hole or positioning surface on the bushing 126, the first positioning pin 106 can ensure the stability and accuracy of the bushing 126 during the press-fitting process, thereby improving the positioning accuracy of the entire press-fitting process. The arc-shaped design of the first positioning pin 106 and the elastic effect of the first elastic member 108 enable the positioning structure to adapt to bushings 126 of different specifications and models, thereby increasing the versatility and flexibility of the device. The arc-shaped end of the first positioning pin 106 and the buffering effect of the first elastic member 108 can reduce the wear on the bushing 126 and the press-fitting sleeve 102, thereby extending the service life of the equipment. Since the first positioning pin 106 can be installed detachably, it is more convenient and quick in actual operation, reducing the difficulty and complexity of operation.

[0043] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the press-fitting device also includes a sleeve removal pin, and along the radial direction of the press-fitting sleeve 102, part of the sleeve removal pin can be detachably passed through the outer cylindrical surface of the press-fitting sleeve 102, and the end of the sleeve removal pin passing through the press-fitting sleeve 102 is flat, and the first elastic member 108 abuts between the sleeve removal pin and the press-fitting sleeve 102. When the bushing 126 needs to be removed from the lower clamping plate 128, the sleeve removal pin is suitable for pressing against the outer cylindrical surface of the bushing 126.

[0044] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the press-fitting device is further improved by adding a sleeve removal pin assembly to enhance its functionality and flexibility. This improvement is particularly suitable for the scene where the bushing 126 that has been press-fitted into the lower clamping plate 128 needs to be removed.

[0045] The sleeve pins are arranged along the radial direction of the press-fit sleeve 102, and part of the sleeve pins can be detachably passed through the outer circumferential surface of the press-fit sleeve 102. This means that the sleeve pins can not only be easily installed and removed when needed, but also their positions can be adjusted according to actual needs.

[0046] The end of the sleeve pin passing through the press-fit sleeve 102 is flat. This design enables the sleeve pin to provide a more uniform and stable pressure distribution when contacting the outer cylindrical surface of the bushing 126, thereby more effectively removing the bushing 126 from the lower clamping plate 128.

[0047] In this embodiment, the first elastic member 108 not only continues to play its role in the positioning process (i.e., abuts between the first positioning pin 106 and the press-fitting sleeve 102), but also expands its application range to abut between the sleeve removal pin and the press-fitting sleeve 102. This means that the first elastic member 108 can provide the necessary elasticity and buffering effect during the press-fitting and sleeve removal processes, ensuring the smoothness and reliability of the operation.

[0048] When the bushing 126 needs to be removed from the lower clamping plate 128, the operator can adjust the position of the bushing removal pin and apply appropriate pressure to make it close to the outer cylindrical surface of the bushing 126. Then, the bushing 126 is smoothly removed from the lower clamping plate 128 by providing a pulling force through an appropriate tool or device (such as a hydraulic cylinder, a pneumatic cylinder, etc.).

[0049] By adding the sleeve removal pin assembly, the press-fitting device can not only complete the press-fitting work of the bushing 126, but also meet the demand for removing the bushing 126, thereby improving the versatility and practicality of the device. The plane design of the sleeve removal pin and the elastic effect of the first elastic member 108 are combined to make the sleeve removal process more stable and efficient, reducing the operation time and labor cost. The plane design of the sleeve removal pin and the buffering effect of the first elastic member 108 help to reduce the wear and damage to the bushing 126 and the lower clamping plate 128, and extend the service life of the equipment. Since the sleeve removal pin can be detachably installed and adjusted, it is more convenient and quick in actual operation, reducing the difficulty and complexity of operation.

[0050] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the second positioning structure includes: A second positioning pin 110, along the radial direction of the positioning seat 104, a portion of the second positioning pin 110 can movably pass through the inner circular surface of the positioning seat 104, and the second positioning pin 110 is used for positioning and matching with the lower clamping plate 128; The second elastic member 112 is disposed in the positioning seat 104 along the radial direction of the positioning seat 104 and abuts between the second positioning pin 110 and the positioning seat 104 .

[0051] like Figure 4 As shown, according to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the second positioning structure is designed and optimized in detail to ensure the stability and accuracy of the lower clamping plate 128 during the press-fitting process. This structure mainly includes two key components: the second positioning pin 110 and the second elastic member 112.

[0052] The second locating pin 110 is arranged along the radial direction of the locating seat 104, and part of the second locating pin 110 can movably pass through the inner circular surface of the locating seat 104. This design allows the second locating pin 110 to be fine-tuned according to the actual position and shape of the lower clamping plate 128 during the positioning process, thereby ensuring a more accurate positioning effect.

[0053] The main function of the second positioning pin 110 is to be used for positioning and matching with the lower clamping plate 128. By accurately matching the positioning holes or positioning surfaces on the lower clamping plate 128, the second positioning pin 110 can ensure the stability and accuracy of the lower clamping plate 128 in the press-fitting device.

[0054] The second elastic member 112 is radially disposed inside the positioning seat 104 and abuts between the second positioning pin 110 and the positioning seat 104. This means that the second elastic member 112 always applies a certain pressure to the second positioning pin 110 to keep it stable and adapt to different positioning requirements.

[0055] The main function of the second elastic member 112 is to provide necessary elasticity and buffering. During the positioning process, when the lower clamping plate 128 contacts the second positioning pin 110, the second elastic member 112 can absorb part of the impact force, reduce the wear of the positioning pin and the lower clamping plate 128, and ensure the accuracy and reliability of positioning.

[0056] By precisely matching the positioning holes or positioning surfaces on the lower clamping plate 128, the second positioning pin 110 can ensure the stability and accuracy of the lower clamping plate 128 in the press-fitting device, thereby improving the positioning accuracy of the entire press-fitting process. The movable design of the second positioning pin 110 combined with the elastic effect of the second elastic member 112 enables the positioning structure to adapt to lower clamping plates 128 of different specifications and models, thereby increasing the versatility and flexibility of the device. The buffering effect of the second elastic member 112 can reduce the wear on the second positioning pin 110 and the lower clamping plate 128, thereby extending the service life of the equipment. Since the second positioning pin 110 can be movably installed and adjusted in position, it is more convenient and quicker in actual operation, reducing the difficulty and complexity of operation.

[0057] According to one embodiment of the present invention, an opening is formed on one side of the positioning seat 104 facing the lower clamping plate 128 , and a stepped positioning portion 114 is formed at the end of the opening. The lower clamping plate 128 is suitable for achieving secondary positioning with the positioning seat 104 through the stepped positioning portion 114 .

[0058] like Figure 4 As shown, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, the design of the positioning seat 104 is further optimized, especially an opening is formed on the side thereof facing the lower clamping plate 128, and a stepped positioning portion 114 is provided at the end of the opening. This design is intended to provide a more precise and stable positioning mechanism to ensure accurate placement and fixation of the lower clamping plate 128 during the press-fitting process.

[0059] The positioning seat 104 has an opening on one side facing the lower clamping plate 128, and this opening provides space for the installation of the lower clamping plate 128. The shape and size of the opening are customized according to the shape and size of the lower clamping plate 128 to ensure that the lower clamping plate 128 can be smoothly inserted and fixed on the positioning seat 104.

[0060] At the end of the opening, a stepped positioning portion 114 is formed on the positioning seat 104. The stepped positioning portion 114 is composed of cylindrical surfaces or planes of different diameters or heights, forming a stepped structure. This design enables the lower clamping plate 128 to achieve secondary positioning by cooperating with the stepped positioning portion 114 after being inserted into the opening.

[0061] Secondary positioning means that after the lower clamping plate 128 is initially inserted into the opening, it will be further adjusted and fixed by the stepped positioning portion 114 to ensure its stability and accuracy during the press-fitting process.

[0062] The setting of the step positioning part 114 enables the lower clamping plate 128 to achieve more accurate positioning during the press-fitting process. Through the two-level positioning mechanism, it can be ensured that the position of the lower clamping plate 128 before, during and after the press-fitting is highly consistent, thereby improving the positioning accuracy of the entire press-fitting process. The design of the step positioning part 114 not only provides more accurate positioning, but also enhances the stability of the lower clamping plate 128 during the press-fitting process. Through multi-stage positioning and fixing, it can be ensured that the lower clamping plate 128 will not deviate or shake when subjected to pressure, thereby ensuring the quality and efficiency of the press-fitting. Since the design of the step positioning part 114 makes the installation and fixing of the lower clamping plate 128 easier and faster, the operation process can be simplified and the difficulty and complexity of the operation can be reduced. The operator only needs to insert the lower clamping plate 128 into the opening and make it cooperate with the step positioning part 114, without the need for additional adjustment and fixing work. This optimized positioning seat 104 design can adapt to lower clamping plates 128 of different specifications and models, thereby improving the versatility and flexibility of the equipment. The positioning requirements of different lower clamping plates 128 can be met by simply adjusting the size and shape of the opening and the stepped positioning portion 114 as needed.

[0063] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a positioning groove 116 is formed on one side of the bottom of the positioning seat 104 facing the lower clamping plate 128 , and the end of the lower clamping plate 128 is suitable for achieving three-level positioning with the positioning seat 104 through the positioning groove 116 .

[0064] like Figure 4 As shown, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, the design of the positioning seat 104 is further deepened and optimized, especially a positioning groove 116 is added to the bottom side thereof facing the lower clamping plate 128. This design is intended to ensure the high stability and accuracy of the lower clamping plate 128 during the press-fitting process through a three-level positioning mechanism.

[0065] The bottom of the positioning seat 104 is provided with a positioning groove 116 on one side facing the lower clamping plate 128, and the shape and size of this positioning groove 116 are customized according to the end of the lower clamping plate 128. The positioning groove 116 can be a groove, notch or other form of depression for accommodating and fixing the end of the lower clamping plate 128.

[0066] The design of the positioning groove 116 allows the end of the lower clamping plate 128 to be tightly embedded in the positioning groove 116 after being inserted into the positioning seat 104, thereby achieving three-level positioning. This three-level positioning mechanism is achieved by further fixing the positioning groove 116 after the initial insertion opening and the secondary step positioning.

[0067] Through the three-level positioning mechanism, the positioning accuracy of the lower clamping plate 128 during the press-fitting process is significantly improved. The addition of the positioning groove 116 allows the end of the lower clamping plate 128 to be fixed more tightly and stably, thereby ensuring that its position before, during and after press-fitting remains highly consistent. The design of the positioning groove 116 not only improves the positioning accuracy, but also significantly enhances the stability of the lower clamping plate 128 during the press-fitting process. Through the fixation and support of the three-level positioning, the lower clamping plate 128 can maintain a more firm and stable state when subjected to pressure, avoiding the situation of offset or shaking, thereby ensuring the quality and efficiency of press-fitting. The addition of the positioning groove 116 makes the installation and fixing process of the lower clamping plate 128 simpler and more efficient. The operator only needs to accurately insert the end of the lower clamping plate 128 into the positioning groove 116 to complete the three-level positioning without additional adjustment and fixing work. This greatly simplifies the operation process and reduces the difficulty and complexity of the operation. This optimized positioning seat 104 design not only improves the stability and accuracy of the press-fitting process, but also enhances the reliability and durability of the equipment. Through the three-level positioning fixation and support, the connection between the positioning seat 104 and the lower clamping plate 128 is more firm and stable, reducing the risk of failure and damage caused by looseness or deformation.

[0068] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a third elastic member 118 is disposed at a position of the positioning seat 104 corresponding to the positioning groove 116 , and the third elastic member 118 is disposed along a height direction of the positioning seat 104 .

[0069] like Figure 4 As shown, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, the design of the positioning seat 104 is further improved, especially a third elastic member 118 is added at a position corresponding to the positioning groove 116. This design aims to further improve the stability and adaptability of the lower clamping plate 128 during the press-fitting process by introducing the third elastic member 118.

[0070] A third elastic member 118 is disposed in the positioning seat 104 at a position corresponding to the positioning groove 116. The third elastic member 118 can be a spring, an elastic pad or other elastic elements, and its function is to provide elastic force along the height direction of the positioning seat 104.

[0071] One end of the third elastic member 118 is fixed to the positioning seat 104, and the other end contacts the end of the lower clamping plate 128 or the bottom of the positioning groove 116. When the lower clamping plate 128 is inserted into the positioning groove 116, the third elastic member 118 will be compressed, thereby generating a certain elasticity and buffering effect between the lower clamping plate 128 and the positioning seat 104.

[0072] The introduction of the third elastic member 118 enables the positioning seat 104 to better adapt to the lower clamping plate 128 of different specifications and sizes. Since the third elastic member 118 has a certain elasticity and compressibility, it can accommodate size differences within a certain range, thereby improving the versatility and flexibility of the device. The third elastic member 118 provides elastic force along the height direction of the positioning seat 104, and can provide additional support and buffering when the lower clamping plate 128 is under pressure. This helps to reduce the shaking and deviation of the lower clamping plate 128, ensuring its stability and accuracy during the press-fitting process. The presence of the third elastic member 118 makes the press-fitting process more stable and smooth. When the lower clamping plate 128 is pressed into the positioning groove 116, the third elastic member 118 can absorb part of the impact force, reduce noise and vibration, thereby improving the quality and efficiency of the press-fitting. Since the third elastic member 118 can provide elasticity and buffering between the lower clamping plate 128 and the positioning seat 104, it can reduce the direct friction and wear between the two. This helps to extend the service life of the equipment and reduce maintenance costs.

[0073] According to one embodiment of the present invention, it also includes a detection pin 120 and a detection sleeve 122. The detection pin 120 is suitable for being placed in the lower clamping plate 128, and the detection sleeve 122 is detachably installed on the press-fit part 100. The detection pin 120 and the detection sleeve 122 are suitable for detecting the coaxiality of the press-fit part 100 and the positioning seat 104.

[0074] like Figure 3 As shown, according to a specific embodiment of the present invention, in addition to the previously described positioning seat 104, lower clamping plate 128 and other components, a pair of key components, namely, a detection pin 120 and a detection sleeve 122, are introduced. This design is intended to provide an effective coaxiality detection method to ensure that the coaxiality between the press-fitted part 100 and the positioning seat 104 meets the requirements.

[0075] The detection pin 120 is designed to be suitable for being placed in the lower clamping plate 128, and its shape and size match the corresponding hole or slot in the lower clamping plate 128. The detection pin 120 is usually made of hard material to ensure its stability and accuracy during the detection process.

[0076] The detection sleeve 122 is designed to be detachably mounted on the press-fitting part 100, and its internal shape and size match the detection pin 120. The detection sleeve 122 is usually made of wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant materials to ensure the matching accuracy and durability between it and the detection pin 120.

[0077] During the press-fitting process, when the press-fitting part 100 is mounted on the positioning seat 104, the detection pin 120 and the detection sleeve 122 will work together to detect the coaxiality between the press-fitting part 100 and the positioning seat 104. By inserting the detection pin 120 into the lower clamping plate 128 and installing the detection sleeve 122 on the press-fitting part 100, it can be checked whether the coaxiality between the two meets the preset requirements.

[0078] By introducing the pair of key components, the detection pin 120 and the detection sleeve 122, accurate detection of the coaxiality between the press-fitted part 100 and the locating seat 104 can be achieved. This helps to ensure the accuracy and stability of the press-fitting process, thereby improving product quality. Coaxiality is one of the key factors to ensure the normal operation and stable performance of the equipment. By accurately detecting the coaxiality, potential deviations and errors can be discovered and corrected in a timely manner, thereby enhancing the reliability and stability of the equipment. Coaxiality detection can be used as a key link in the press-fitting process to ensure that each press-fitting step meets the preset requirements. This helps to optimize the press-fitting process, improve production efficiency and reduce costs. By ensuring that the coaxiality between the press-fitted part 100 and the locating seat 104 meets the requirements, the overall performance and quality of the product can be improved. This helps to enhance the market competitiveness of the product and meet customer needs and expectations.

[0079] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a frame 124 is further included, the press-fitting member 100 is mounted on the frame 124 , and the positioning seat 104 is slidably mounted on the frame 124 .

[0080] like Figure 5 As shown, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the technical solution not only includes the press-fitting part 100 and the positioning seat 104, but also introduces a key component, the frame 124. The frame 124, as a supporting structure of the entire device, plays a role in fixing and supporting other components. In this embodiment, the press-fitting part 100 is installed on the frame 124, and the positioning seat 104 is designed to be slidably installed on the frame 124.

[0081] The frame 124 is the main structure of the entire device and is made of high-strength and high-stability materials, such as high-quality steel or aluminum alloy. It provides sufficient support and stability to ensure the smooth progress of the press-fitting process.

[0082] The press-fitting part 100 is firmly mounted on the frame 124 and fixed by bolts, nuts or other fasteners. This installation method ensures the stability and accuracy of the press-fitting part 100 during the press-fitting process.

[0083] The positioning seat 104 is designed to be slidably mounted on the frame 124, which is realized by a slide rail, a slider or other sliding mechanism. This design allows the positioning seat 104 to move flexibly on the frame 124 to adapt to workpieces of different sizes and shapes. At the same time, the sliding mechanism also provides sufficient support and stability to ensure the accuracy of the positioning seat 104 during the movement.

[0084] By firmly mounting the press-fitting part 100 on the frame 124 and designing the positioning seat 104 to be slidably mounted, the stability and accuracy during the press-fitting process can be ensured. This helps to improve the press-fitting accuracy and meet the production requirements of high-quality products. The slidable design of the positioning seat 104 allows the equipment to adapt to workpieces of different sizes and shapes. This flexibility helps to improve the utilization rate and production efficiency of the equipment and reduce production costs. By installing the press-fitting part 100 and the positioning seat 104 on the frame 124 respectively and designing a reasonable sliding mechanism, the press-fitting process can be optimized. This helps to reduce unnecessary operating steps and time waste, and improve production efficiency and product quality. The frame 124 serves as the supporting structure of the entire equipment and provides sufficient stability and support. This helps to ensure the stability and reliability of the equipment during long-term operation and extend the service life of the equipment.

[0085] It should be noted that, in an embodiment of the present invention, a press-fitting device can be used for press-fitting the bushing 126 and the lower clamping plate 128 in the axle box. By using the above-mentioned press-fitting device, the bushing 126 can be prevented from being deflected during the process of being pressed onto the lower clamping plate 128, and wear on the surface of the bushing 126 can also be avoided.

[0086] A second aspect of the present invention provides a press-fitting method based on the above press-fitting device, comprising: Step 10, installing the lower clamping plate 128 on the positioning seat 104 through the second positioning structure; Step 20, installing the press-fitting sleeve 102 on the press-fitting part 100 and installing the bushing 126 on the press-fitting part 100 through the first positioning structure; Step 30 , press-fit the bushing 126 onto the lower clamping plate 128 by means of the press-fitting member 100 .

[0087] According to the press-fitting method provided in the embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention, the steps are clear and the operation is simple, which can greatly shorten the press-fitting time and improve production efficiency. Through precise positioning structure and reasonable press-fitting steps, the method can ensure the stability and accuracy of the bushing 126 and the lower clamping plate 128 during the press-fitting process, thereby greatly improving the press-fitting quality. The method simplifies the press-fitting process, reduces the requirements for the skill level of the operator, and enables more people to be competent for this job. During the press-fitting process, through the reasonable arrangement of steps and the setting of the positioning structure, safety accidents caused by improper operation or equipment failure can be effectively avoided, thereby enhancing the safety of the press-fitting process. The press-fitting method provided in the embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention has the advantages of high efficiency, accuracy, simplicity and safety, is suitable for the press-fitting work of the bushing 126 and the lower clamping plate 128 in the axle box, and has important practical value.

[0088] like Figure 6 As shown, the second embodiment of the present invention provides a press-fitting method matching the above-mentioned press-fitting device, which describes in detail how to use the device to complete the press-fitting work of the bushing 126 and the lower clamping plate 128 in the axle box.

[0089] Step 10, installing the lower clamping plate 128 through the second positioning structure on the positioning seat 104. This step ensures the stability and accuracy of the lower clamping plate 128 during the press-fitting process, and avoids press-fitting failure caused by position deviation.

[0090] Step 20, install the press-fitting sleeve 102 on the press-fitting part 100, and ensure that the bushing 126 is correctly installed through the first positioning structure on the press-fitting sleeve 102. This step is also very important because it ensures the correct positioning of the bushing 126 before press-fitting, laying a solid foundation for subsequent press-fitting work.

[0091] Step 30, the bushing 126 is pressed onto the lower clamping plate 128 by applying appropriate pressure through the press-fitting member 100. In this process, the pressure generated by the press-fitting member 100 is transmitted to the bushing 126 through the press-fitting sleeve 102, thereby firmly pressing the bushing 126 onto the lower clamping plate 128.

[0092] In addition, it should be noted that during the pressing process of the press-fit part 100, the pressing is achieved at intervals of 5 seconds. After the bushing 126 is pressed into place, the bushing 126 is maintained under pressure for another 2 seconds to prevent the elastic restoring force of the third elastic part 118 in the positioning seat 104 from pushing out the bushing 126.

[0093] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the press-fitting device for the bushing 126 and the lower clamping plate 128 in the axle box further includes a detection pin 120 and a detection sleeve 122. The detection pin 120 is suitable for being placed in the lower clamping plate 128. The detection sleeve 122 is detachably mounted on the press-fitting part 100.

[0094] Before the step of installing the lower clamping plate 128 on the positioning seat 104 through the second positioning structure, the following steps are included: The coaxiality of the press-fitted part 100 and the positioning seat 104 is detected by detecting the pin 120 and the sleeve 122; or,

[0095] The press-fitting device for the bushing 126 and the lower clamping plate 128 in the axle box also includes a sleeve removal pin. Along the radial direction of the press-fitting sleeve 102, part of the sleeve removal pin detachably passes through the outer circumferential surface of the press-fitting sleeve 102. The end of the sleeve removal pin passing through the press-fitting sleeve 102 is flat. The first positioning structure abuts between the sleeve removal pin and the press-fitting sleeve 102.

[0096] Press-fitting methods also include: In the case where the bushing 126 needs to be removed from the lower clamping plate 128, the bushing removal pin is adapted to press against the outer circumferential surface of the bushing 126; The press fitting 100 is driven in reverse.

[0097] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a device and a method for press-fitting a bushing 126 and a lower clamping plate 128 in an axle box are provided. The device not only includes the aforementioned key components such as the frame 124, the press-fitting part 100, the positioning seat 104, and the lower clamping plate 128, but also adds innovative designs such as a detection pin 120, a detection sleeve 122, and a sleeve removal pin.

[0098] The detection pin 120 is designed to be accurately inserted into the reserved hole in the lower clamping plate 128, and the detection sleeve 122 can be detachably installed on the press-fitted part 100. The combination of the two can effectively detect the coaxiality between the press-fitted part 100 and the positioning seat 104 before the press-fitting process begins, ensuring the accuracy and stability of the press-fitting.

[0099] The sleeve removal pin is a detachable component designed along the radial direction of the press-fitting sleeve 102, and a portion of the pin can pass through the outer circumferential surface of the press-fitting sleeve 102. The end of the sleeve removal pin that passes through is designed to be flat so as to better contact the outer circumferential surface of the bushing 126. At the same time, the first positioning structure is arranged between the sleeve removal pin and the press-fitting sleeve 102 to provide the necessary elastic force and reset function.

[0100] Before the lower clamping plate 128 is installed on the positioning seat 104 through the second positioning structure, the coaxiality of the press-fitted part 100 and the positioning seat 104 is firstly tested using the detection pin 120 and the detection sleeve 122. This step ensures the accuracy and stability of the press-fitting process and avoids quality problems caused by coaxiality deviation.

[0101] When the bushing 126 needs to be taken out from the lower clamping plate 128, the position of the sleeve removal pin can be adjusted so that it passes through the press-fitting sleeve 102 and abuts against the outer circumferential surface of the bushing 126. Then, the press-fitting part 100 is driven in the reverse direction, and the bushing 126 is smoothly taken out from the lower clamping plate 128 by utilizing the friction between the sleeve removal pin and the bushing 126. This step simplifies the process of taking out the bushing 126 and improves the operation efficiency.

[0102] By using the detection pin 120 and the detection sleeve 122, the coaxiality between the press-fitted part 100 and the positioning seat 104 can be accurately detected, thereby ensuring the accuracy and stability of the press-fitting process. This helps to improve the quality and reliability of the product. The design of the sleeve pin and the first positioning structure makes the removal process of the bushing 126 simpler and more efficient. Without additional tools or equipment, the bushing 126 can be easily removed from the lower clamping plate 128, reducing the difficulty and cost of operation. The device is not only suitable for the press-fitting of the bushing 126 and the lower clamping plate 128 in the axle box, but can also be flexibly adjusted and optimized according to actual needs. For example, by replacing the detection pin 120 and the detection sleeve 122 of different specifications, it can adapt to the press-fitting requirements of workpieces of different sizes and shapes. The introduction of the coaxiality detection step and the bushing 126 removal step, although increasing the complexity of the press-fitting process, improves the production efficiency and product quality as a whole. By ensuring the accuracy and stability of the press-fitting, the rework and scrap caused by quality problems are reduced, thereby reducing production costs and time waste.

[0103] It should be noted that, in an embodiment of the present invention, the press-fitting method can be used for press-fitting the bushing 126 and the lower clamping plate 128 in the axle box. By using the above-mentioned press-fitting method, the coaxiality of the bushing 126 and the lower clamping plate 128 can be ensured, thereby avoiding the bushing 126 from being pressed into place and ensuring the press-fitting accuracy of the bushing 126.

[0104] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A press-fitting device, characterized in that: include: Pressed parts (100); A press-fitting sleeve (102) connected to the press-fitting part (100), the press-fitting sleeve (102) being provided with a first positioning structure, and the bushing (126) being suitable for being positioned with the press-fitting sleeve (102) through the first positioning structure; The positioning seat (104) is used to install the lower clamping plate (128), and a second positioning structure is provided on the positioning seat (104). The lower clamping plate (128) is suitable for primary positioning with the positioning seat (104) through the second positioning structure.

2. The press-fitting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first positioning structure comprises: A first positioning pin (106), along the radial direction of the press-fitting sleeve (102), a portion of the first positioning pin (106) detachably passes through the outer circumferential surface of the press-fitting sleeve (102), the first positioning pin (106) being used for positioning and matching with the bushing (126), and an end of the first positioning pin (106) passing through the press-fitting sleeve (102) being arc-shaped; A first elastic member (108) is provided in the press-fitting sleeve (102) along the radial direction of the press-fitting sleeve (102) and abuts between the first positioning pin (106) and the press-fitting sleeve (102).

3. The press-fitting device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The press-fitting device also includes a sleeve removal pin. Along the radial direction of the press-fitting sleeve (102), part of the sleeve removal pin can be detachably passed through the outer circumferential surface of the press-fitting sleeve (102). The end of the sleeve removal pin passing through the press-fitting sleeve (102) is flat. The first elastic member (108) abuts between the sleeve removal pin and the press-fitting sleeve (102). When the bushing (126) needs to be removed from the lower clamping plate (128), the sleeve removal pin is suitable for pressing against the outer circumferential surface of the bushing (126).

4. The press-fitting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second positioning structure comprises: A second positioning pin (110), along the radial direction of the positioning seat (104), a portion of the second positioning pin (110) can movably pass through the inner circular surface of the positioning seat (104), and the second positioning pin (110) is used for positioning and matching with the lower clamping plate (128); The second elastic member (112) is arranged in the radial direction of the positioning seat (104) and passes through the positioning seat (104) and abuts between the second positioning pin (110) and the positioning seat (104).

5. The press-fitting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An opening is formed on one side of the positioning seat (104) facing the lower clamping plate (128), and a stepped positioning portion (114) is formed at the end of the opening. The lower clamping plate (128) is suitable for achieving secondary positioning with the positioning seat (104) through the stepped positioning portion (114).

6. The press-fitting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A positioning groove (116) is formed on one side of the bottom of the positioning seat (104) facing the lower clamping plate (128), and the end of the lower clamping plate (128) is suitable for achieving three-level positioning with the positioning seat (104) through the positioning groove (116).

7. The press-fitting device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A third elastic member (118) is provided at a position in the positioning seat (104) corresponding to the positioning groove (116), and the third elastic member (118) is provided along the height direction of the positioning seat (104).

8. The press-fitting device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: It also includes a detection pin (120) and a detection sleeve (122), wherein the detection pin (120) is suitable for being placed in the lower clamping plate (128), and the detection sleeve (122) is detachably mounted on the press-fitting part (100), and the detection pin (120) and the detection sleeve (122) are suitable for detecting the coaxiality of the press-fitting part (100) and the positioning seat (104).

9. The press-fitting device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: It also includes a frame (124), the press-fitting part (100) is mounted on the frame (124), and the positioning seat (104) is slidably mounted on the frame (124).

10. A press-fitting method based on the press-fitting device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: include: Installing the lower clamping plate (128) on the positioning seat (104) via a second positioning structure; Installing a press-fitting sleeve (102) on the press-fitting part (100) and installing a bushing (126) on the press-fitting part (100) via the first positioning structure; The bushing (126) is press-fitted onto the lower clamping plate (128) by means of the press-fitting part (100).

11. The press-fitting method according to claim 10, characterized in that: The press-fitting device further comprises a detection pin (120) and a detection sleeve (122), wherein the detection pin (120) is suitable for being placed in the lower clamping plate (128), and the detection sleeve (122) is detachably mounted on the press-fitting part (100). Before the step of installing the lower clamping plate (128) on the positioning seat (104) via the second positioning structure, the step includes: Detecting the coaxiality of the press-fit part (100) and the positioning seat (104) by means of the detection pin shaft (120) and the detection sleeve (122); or, The press-fitting device further comprises a sleeve removal pin, wherein a portion of the sleeve removal pin detachably passes through the outer circumferential surface of the press-fitting sleeve (102) along the radial direction of the press-fitting sleeve (102), an end portion of the sleeve removal pin passing through the press-fitting sleeve (102) is flat, and the first positioning structure abuts between the sleeve removal pin and the press-fitting sleeve (102). The press-fitting method further comprises: When the bushing (126) needs to be removed from the lower clamping plate (128), the bushing removal pin is suitable for pressing against the outer circumferential surface of the bushing (126); The pressing member (100) is driven in reverse.

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