Biological enhancement process for each stage of biogas production through anaerobic fermentation

Abstract

The invention discloses a biological enhancement process for each stage of biogas production through anaerobic fermentation, relates to the technical field of biogas fermentation, and particularly relates to a biological enhancement process for dry-method and semi-dry-method anaerobic fermentation or multi-stage and multi-phase anaerobic fermentation. Comprising a dominant flora culture unit and a nutrient solution storage unit in each stage of anaerobic fermentation and a flora activity online monitoring system in each stage, targeted dominant flora can be cultured autonomously according to different fermentation raw materials, and the flora activity in each stage can be accurately judged through multiple parameters of the monitoring system. And automatically adding the flora at the corresponding stage of autonomous culture. According to the invention, the operation management of the anaerobic fermentation biogas production system is optimized, the anaerobic fermentation flora at four stages are respectively cultured, the environment which is extremely suitable for the growth of the flora at each stage of anaerobic fermentation biogas production can be respectively created, and the corresponding flora can be rapidly propagated under the condition; the reaction process is accelerated and the gas production rate and the methane concentration are improved under the low-cost condition, so that the economic benefit of a biogas project is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of biogas fermentation, in particular to a bio-enhancement process for producing biogas at various stages by anaerobic fermentation. Background Art

[0002] With the decreasing fossil fuel resources, the increasingly serious environmental pollution problem and the need for low-carbon development to cope with climate change, the development and utilization of renewable energy has become particularly important. As a low-carbon, clean, renewable energy, biogas has attracted widespread attention due to its sustainability and environmental friendliness. The biogas project uses technical means to convert biomass resources such as organic waste into efficient and clean energy forms, ultimately achieving multiple economic and social benefits such as low carbon, energy, environmental protection, circular economy, rural revitalization, and ecology.

[0003] The biogas project uses organic waste such as livestock and poultry manure, crop straw, agricultural product processing waste, restaurant kitchen waste, river and lake aquatic plants and sludge, landscaping waste and energy crops as raw materials. Through anaerobic fermentation technology, the organic matter in the organic waste is converted into methane and carbon dioxide, and the methane is further purified to obtain low-carbon and clean renewable biogas, and organic fertilizer is produced as a by-product.

[0004] The anaerobic digestion of organic waste of biogas needs to go through multiple stages, including the hydrolysis stage, acidification stage, acetic acid production stage, methanogenesis stage, etc. Although there are also solid-liquid two-stage anaerobic fermentation devices and methods such as the disclosed patent CN105861306A, which respectively set up solid acid production fermentation reactors and liquid methanogenesis reactors for simple solid-liquid two-stage treatment, there is a lack of further targeted optimization of the flora at different stages, and the current projects of this type are more about integrating multiple stages into the same reactor. Due to the large differences in the requirements for reaction time, flora, etc. at different stages, the process of anaerobic digestion is difficult to control, and there are generally incomplete fermentation and low gas production efficiency, which leads to poor economic benefits of engineering projects and difficulty in achieving full commercial operation. In view of this, in-depth research was conducted on the above issues, and this case was created. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a bio-augmentation process for each stage of anaerobic fermentation production of biogas, so as to solve the problems raised in the above background technology, such as lack of control over the reaction and bacterial flora at different stages, incomplete fermentation, low gas production efficiency, and poor economic benefits of the project.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a bio-enhancement process for each stage of anaerobic fermentation to produce biogas, comprising a dominant bacterial colony cultivation unit at each stage of anaerobic fermentation, a nutrient solution storage unit and an online monitoring system for bacterial colony activity at each stage, wherein the dominant bacterial colony cultivation unit comprises a first bacterial colony cultivation tank, a second bacterial colony cultivation tank, a third bacterial colony cultivation tank and a fourth bacterial colony cultivation tank, and the nutrient solution storage unit comprises a pH regulator unit, a first nutrient solution unit, a second nutrient solution unit, a third nutrient solution unit, a fourth nutrient solution unit and a fifth nutrient solution unit, and autonomously cultivates targeted dominant bacterial colonies according to different fermentation raw materials, and accurately judges the bacterial colony activity at each stage through a monitoring system, and then automatically adds the autonomously cultivated bacterial colonies at the corresponding stage, so as to accelerate the reaction process and increase the gas production and methane concentration under low-cost conditions;

[0007] The specific implementation methods of the process include:

[0008] Add organic waste or biogas residue / liquid to the first bacterial culture tank, control the temperature within the specified temperature range according to the characteristics of the biogas project, add a pH regulator unit to adjust the pH value between 6 and 8, and accurately determine the amount of nutrient solution to be added to the first nutrient solution unit, the second nutrient solution unit, the third nutrient solution unit, the fourth nutrient solution unit and the fifth nutrient solution unit by monitoring parameters such as temperature, pressure, C:N:P, conductivity, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, pH, methane concentration, and biogas flow, so as to optimize the reproduction of the original hydrolytic bacteria in the organic waste;

[0009] When the hydrolytic bacteria in the first bacterial culture tank reaches the specified concentration, 80% will be sent to the first stage of the biogas project to accelerate the hydrolysis process or enter the second bacterial culture tank, and 20% will be used as mother liquor to re-cultivate the hydrolytic bacteria according to the above steps.

[0010] The second bacterial culture tank provides different nutrient solution ratios through the first nutrient solution unit, the second nutrient solution unit, the third nutrient solution unit, the fourth nutrient solution unit and the fifth nutrient solution unit to optimize the reproduction of acidifying bacteria in the organic waste;

[0011] When the acidifying bacteria in the second bacterial culture tank reaches the specified concentration, 80% will be sent to the second stage of the biogas project to accelerate the acidification process or enter the third bacterial culture tank, and 20% will be used as mother liquor to re-cultivate the acidifying bacteria according to the above steps.

[0012] The third bacterial culture tank provides different nutrient solution ratios through the first nutrient solution unit, the second nutrient solution unit, the third nutrient solution unit, the fourth nutrient solution unit and the fifth nutrient solution unit to optimize the reproduction of acetic acid-producing bacteria in the organic waste;

[0013] When the acidifying bacteria in the third bacterial culture tank reaches the specified concentration, 80% will be sent to the third stage of the biogas project to accelerate the acetic acid production process or enter the fourth bacterial culture tank, and 20% will be used as mother liquor to re-cultivate the acetic acid producing bacteria according to the above steps.

[0014] The fourth bacterial colony culture tank optimizes the reproduction of methanogenic bacteria in organic waste by providing different nutrient solution ratios through the first nutrient solution unit, the second nutrient solution unit, the third nutrient solution unit, the fourth nutrient solution unit and the fifth nutrient solution unit;

[0015] When the methanogenic bacteria in the fourth bacterial culture tank reaches the specified concentration, 80% will be sent to the fourth stage of the biogas project to accelerate the methanogenic process, and 20% will be used as mother liquor to re-cultivate the methanogenic bacteria according to the above steps.

[0016] After the bacterial cultures in the first bacterial culture tank, the second bacterial culture tank, the third bacterial culture tank, and the fourth bacterial culture tank have reached the specified concentration, they are stored in the corresponding culture tanks for use;

[0017] The above operations are repeated continuously, and the duration of each cycle is gradually shortened, ultimately achieving smooth and rapid completion of bacterial culture at each stage;

[0018] This process can work independently for each stage of anaerobic reaction, and the matrix of each bacterial culture tank comes from the corresponding stage of the anaerobic fermentation biogas production project or the previous culture tank.

[0019] The high-concentration bacteria cultured in the first bacteria culture tank, the second bacteria culture tank, the third bacteria culture tank, and the fourth bacteria culture tank will be connected to the anaerobic fermentation tank of the biogas project, and according to the monitoring data of each stage of the anaerobic fermentation tank, they will be added to the corresponding fermentation stage of the anaerobic fermentation tank in a timely manner and in an appropriate amount to optimize and improve its operating conditions.

[0020] Preferably, the process is applicable to various dry and semi-dry anaerobic fermentation technologies for producing biogas, including: optimization and development of dry anaerobic biogas production projects such as horizontal plug flow dry anaerobic fermentation and garage dry anaerobic fermentation.

[0021] Preferably, the monitoring system detects parameters including pH value, temperature, pressure, COD, redox potential, dissolved oxygen, biogas volume, methane concentration and other parameters.

[0022] Preferably, the anaerobic fermentation is specifically divided into four stages: the first stage, the hydrolysis stage; the second stage, the acidification stage; the third stage, the acetic acid production stage; the fourth stage, the methane production stage; by cultivating the anaerobic fermentation bacteria in the four stages respectively, the operation and management of the anaerobic fermentation biogas production system are optimized, the biogas production and methane concentration are steadily increased, thereby improving the economic benefits of the biogas project.

[0023] Preferably, the first bacterial community culture tank, the second bacterial community culture tank, the third bacterial community culture tank and the fourth bacterial community culture tank correspond to the hydrolysis stage, the acidification stage, the acetogenesis stage and the methanogenesis stage respectively to reproduce the hydrolysis bacterial community, the acidification bacterial community, the acetogenesis bacterial community and the methanogenesis bacterial community.

[0024] Preferably, the culture medium liquid of the first bacterial colony culture tank, the second bacterial colony culture tank, the third bacterial colony culture tank and the fourth bacterial colony culture tank can be provided according to the previous step of the specific implementation method of the process flow, or can be directly provided by the connected biogas project, and will be automatically controlled and selected in real time according to the characteristics of the operation process of the biogas project.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the bio-enhancement process of each stage of anaerobic fermentation biogas production optimizes the operation and management of the anaerobic fermentation biogas production system, and by cultivating the anaerobic fermentation bacteria of the four stages respectively, an environment extremely suitable for the growth of bacteria in each stage of anaerobic fermentation biogas production can be created respectively. Under this condition, the corresponding bacteria will multiply rapidly and reach a concentration of close to billions per gram in a relatively short period of time, achieving a stable increase in biogas production and methane concentration, thereby improving the economic benefits of the biogas project. Specific technical advantages include:

[0026] 1. Reduce the hydraulic retention time of anaerobic fermentation;

[0027] 2. Improve the gas production rate of raw materials;

[0028] 3. Improve the methane concentration of biogas. Considering the methane concentration and gas production rate, the methane production can be increased by more than 20%;

[0029] 4. The system can realize fully automatic control operation without manual operation;

[0030] 5. Not dependent on external bacteria or flora. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the system for producing biogas at various stages by anaerobic fermentation according to the present invention.

[0032] In the figure: 1H, the first bacterial community culture tank; 2AC, the second bacterial community culture tank; 3AA, the third bacterial community culture tank; 4M, the fourth bacterial community culture tank; 6.1, the pH regulator unit; 6.2, the first nutrient solution unit; 6.3, the second nutrient solution unit; 6.4, the third nutrient solution unit; 6.5, the fourth nutrient solution unit; 6.6, the fifth nutrient solution unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] See also Figure 1 The present invention provides a technical solution: a bio-enhancement process for each stage of anaerobic fermentation to produce biogas, including a dominant bacterial colony culture unit at each stage of anaerobic fermentation, a nutrient solution storage unit and an online monitoring system for bacterial colony activity at each stage, wherein the dominant bacterial colony culture unit includes a first bacterial colony culture tank 1H, a second bacterial colony culture tank 2AC, a third bacterial colony culture tank 3AA and a fourth bacterial colony culture tank 4M, the nutrient solution storage unit includes a pH regulator unit 6.1, a first nutrient solution unit 6.2, a second nutrient solution unit 6.3, a third nutrient solution unit 6.4, a fourth nutrient solution unit 6.5 and a fifth nutrient solution unit 6.6, and the monitoring system detection parameters include multiple parameters such as pH value, temperature, pressure, COD, redox potential, dissolved oxygen, biogas volume, methane concentration, etc. Figure 1 As shown, pressure P, oxygen content O 2 , biogas flow FR, methane content CH 4 、Carbon dioxide content CO 2 、Hydrogen sulfide content H 2 The data of parameters such as S are derived from the monitoring data of the biogas project, which is used to observe and reflect the operation status of bioaugmentation. According to the different fermentation raw materials, targeted dominant bacteria are cultivated independently, and the activity of bacteria at each stage is accurately judged through the monitoring system, and then the corresponding stage of self-cultivated bacteria is automatically added to accelerate the reaction process and increase gas production and methane concentration under low-cost conditions;

[0035] The specific implementation methods of the process include:

[0036] Add organic waste or biogas residue / liquid to the first bacterial culture tank for 1H. According to the characteristics of the biogas project itself, control the temperature within the specified temperature range, add the pH regulator unit 6.1 to adjust the pH value between 6 and 8, and accurately determine the amount of nutrient solution to be added to the first nutrient solution unit 6.2, the second nutrient solution unit 6.3, the third nutrient solution unit 6.4, the fourth nutrient solution unit 6.5 and the fifth nutrient solution unit 6.6 by monitoring parameters such as temperature, pressure, C:N:P, conductivity, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, pH, methane concentration, and biogas flow, so as to optimize the reproduction of the original hydrolytic bacteria in the organic waste;

[0037] When the hydrolytic bacteria in the first bacterial culture tank 1H reaches the specified concentration, 80% will be sent to the first hydrolysis stage of the biogas project to accelerate the hydrolysis process or enter the second bacterial culture tank 2AC, and 20% will be used as mother liquor to re-cultivate the hydrolytic bacteria according to the above steps.

[0038] The second bacterial culture tank 2AC provides different nutrient solution ratios through the first nutrient solution unit 6.2, the second nutrient solution unit 6.3, the third nutrient solution unit 6.4, the fourth nutrient solution unit 6.5 and the fifth nutrient solution unit 6.6 to optimize the reproduction of acidifying bacteria in organic waste;

[0039] When the acidifying bacteria in the second bacterial culture tank 2AC reaches the specified concentration, 80% will be sent to the second stage acidification stage of the biogas project to accelerate the acidification process or enter the third bacterial culture tank 3AA, and 20% will be used as mother liquor to re-cultivate the acidifying bacteria according to the above steps.

[0040] The third bacterial culture tank 3AA provides different nutrient solution ratios through the first nutrient solution unit 6.2, the second nutrient solution unit 6.3, the third nutrient solution unit 6.4, the fourth nutrient solution unit 6.5 and the fifth nutrient solution unit 6.6 to optimize the reproduction of acetogenic bacteria in organic waste;

[0041] When the acidifying bacteria in the third bacteria culture tank 3AA reaches the specified concentration, 80% will be sent to the third stage acetic acid production stage of the biogas project to accelerate the acetic acid production process or enter the fourth bacteria culture tank 4M, and 20% will be used as mother liquor to re-cultivate the acetic acid producing bacteria according to the above steps.

[0042] The fourth bacterial culture tank 4M provides different nutrient solution ratios through the first nutrient solution unit 6.2, the second nutrient solution unit 6.3, the third nutrient solution unit 6.4, the fourth nutrient solution unit 6.5 and the fifth nutrient solution unit 6.6 to optimize the reproduction of methanogenic bacteria in organic waste;

[0043] When the methanogenic bacteria in the fourth bacteria culture tank 4M reaches the specified concentration, 80% will be sent to the fourth stage of the biogas project to accelerate the methanogenic process, and 20% will be used as mother liquor to re-cultivate the methanogenic bacteria according to the above steps.

[0044] After the bacterial cultures in the first bacterial culture tank 1H, the second bacterial culture tank 2AC, the third bacterial culture tank 3AA, and the fourth bacterial culture tank 4M have reached the specified concentration, they are stored in the corresponding culture tanks for use;

[0045] The above operations are repeated continuously, and the duration of each cycle is gradually shortened, so that the bacterial culture at each stage can be completed smoothly and quickly.

[0046] The high-concentration bacteria cultured in the first bacteria culture tank 1H, the second bacteria culture tank 2AC, the third bacteria culture tank 3AA, and the fourth bacteria culture tank 4M will be connected to the anaerobic fermentation tank of the biogas project, and according to the monitoring data of each stage of the anaerobic fermentation tank, they will be added to the corresponding fermentation stage of the anaerobic fermentation tank in a timely manner and in an appropriate amount to optimize and improve its operating conditions.

[0047] Anaerobic fermentation is divided into four stages:

[0048] The first stage, the hydrolysis stage: Due to its large molecular volume, high molecular organic matter cannot directly pass through the cell wall of anaerobic bacteria, and needs to be decomposed into small molecules by extracellular enzymes outside the microorganism. Typical organic substances in wastewater, such as cellulose, are decomposed into cellobiose and glucose by cellulase, starch is decomposed into maltose and glucose, and protein is decomposed into short peptides and amino acids. After decomposition, these small molecules can enter the cell through the cell wall for the next step of decomposition.

[0049] The second stage, the acidification stage: the above-mentioned small molecule organic matter enters the cell body and is converted into simpler compounds and distributed outside the cell. The main product of this stage is volatile fatty acid VFA, and some alcohols, lactic acid, carbon dioxide, hydrogen, ammonia, hydrogen sulfide and other products are also produced.

[0050] The third stage, the acetogenesis stage: In this stage, the products of the previous step are further converted into acetic acid, carbonic acid, hydrogen and new cellular substances.

[0051] The fourth stage is the methanogenic stage. Methanogens convert formic acid, acetic acid, methylamine, methanol and (H 2 +CO 2 ) are converted into methane through different pathways, among which acetic acid and (H 2 +CO 2 ). About 70% of the methane in the anaerobic digestion process comes from the decomposition of acetic acid, and a small amount comes from H 2 and CO 2 synthesis.

[0052] By cultivating four stages of anaerobic fermentation bacteria respectively, the operation and management of the anaerobic fermentation biogas production system is optimized, the biogas output and methane concentration can be steadily increased, thereby improving the economic benefits of the biogas project.

[0053] The first bacterial community culture tank 1H, the second bacterial community culture tank 2AC, the third bacterial community culture tank 3AA and the fourth bacterial community culture tank 4M correspond to the hydrolysis stage, acidification stage, acetogenesis stage and methanogenesis stage respectively to reproduce the hydrolysis bacterial community, acidification bacterial community, acetogenesis bacterial community and methanogenesis bacterial community.

[0054] The culture medium of the first bacterial colony culture tank 1H, the second bacterial colony culture tank 2AC, the third bacterial colony culture tank 3AA and the fourth bacterial colony culture tank 4M can be provided according to the previous step of the specific implementation method of the process flow, or can be directly provided by the connected biogas project. The selection will be automatically controlled in real time according to the characteristics of the operation process of the biogas project.

[0055] The process is applicable to various dry and semi-dry anaerobic fermentation technologies for producing biogas, including: horizontal plug flow dry anaerobic fermentation, garage type dry anaerobic fermentation and other dry anaerobic biogas production project optimization and research and development.

[0056] Contents not described in detail in this specification belong to the prior art known to professional and technical personnel in the field. Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it is understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A bio-augmentation process for producing biogas at various stages by anaerobic fermentation, characterized in that: The invention comprises a dominant bacterial colony cultivation unit at each stage of anaerobic fermentation, a nutrient solution storage unit and an online monitoring system for bacterial colony activity at each stage, wherein the dominant bacterial colony cultivation unit comprises a first bacterial colony cultivation tank (1H), a second bacterial colony cultivation tank (2AC), a third bacterial colony cultivation tank (3AA) and a fourth bacterial colony cultivation tank (4M), and the nutrient solution storage unit comprises a pH regulator unit (6.1), a first nutrient solution unit (6.2), a second nutrient solution unit (6.3), a third nutrient solution unit (6.4), a fourth nutrient solution unit (6.5) and a fifth nutrient solution unit (6.6), and the dominant bacterial colony is autonomously cultivated according to different fermentation raw materials, and the bacterial colony activity at each stage is accurately determined by the monitoring system, and then the autonomously cultivated bacterial colony at the corresponding stage is automatically added, so as to accelerate the reaction process and increase the gas production and methane concentration under low-cost conditions; The specific implementation methods of the process include: Adding organic waste or biogas residue / liquid to the first bacterial culture tank (1H), controlling the temperature within a specified temperature range according to the characteristics of the biogas project itself, adding a pH regulator unit (6.1) to adjust the pH value between 6 and 8, and accurately determining the amount of nutrient solution to be added to the first nutrient solution unit (6.2), the second nutrient solution unit (6.3), the third nutrient solution unit (6.4), the fourth nutrient solution unit (6.5) and the fifth nutrient solution unit (6.6) by monitoring parameters such as temperature, pressure, C:N:P, conductivity, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, pH, methane concentration, and biogas flow, thereby optimizing the reproduction of the original hydrolytic bacterial community in the organic waste; When the hydrolytic bacteria in the first bacterial culture tank (1H) reaches the specified concentration, 80% will be sent to the first stage of the biogas project to accelerate the hydrolysis process or enter the second bacterial culture tank (2AC), and 20% will be used as mother liquor to re-cultivate the hydrolytic bacteria according to the above steps. The second bacterial culture tank (2AC) provides different nutrient solution ratios through the first nutrient solution unit (6.2), the second nutrient solution unit (6.3), the third nutrient solution unit (6.4), the fourth nutrient solution unit (6.5) and the fifth nutrient solution unit (6.6) to optimize the growth of acidifying bacteria in organic waste; When the acidifying bacteria in the second bacterial culture tank (2AC) reaches the specified concentration, 80% will be sent to the second stage of the biogas project to accelerate the acidification process or enter the third bacterial culture tank (3AA), and 20% will be used as mother liquor to re-cultivate the acidifying bacteria according to the above steps. The third bacterial culture tank (3AA) provides different nutrient solution ratios through the first nutrient solution unit (6.2), the second nutrient solution unit (6.3), the third nutrient solution unit (6.4), the fourth nutrient solution unit (6.5) and the fifth nutrient solution unit (6.6) to optimize the reproduction of acetogenic bacteria in organic waste; When the acidifying bacteria in the third bacterial culture tank (3AA) reaches the specified concentration, 80% will be sent to the third stage of the biogas project to accelerate the acetic acid production process or enter the fourth bacterial culture tank (4M), and 20% will be used as mother liquor to re-cultivate the acetic acid producing bacteria according to the above steps. The fourth bacterial colony culture tank (4M) provides different nutrient solution ratios through the first nutrient solution unit (6.2), the second nutrient solution unit (6.3), the third nutrient solution unit (6.4), the fourth nutrient solution unit (6.5) and the fifth nutrient solution unit (6.6) to optimize the reproduction of methanogenic bacteria in organic waste; When the methanogenic bacteria in the fourth bacterial culture tank (4M) reaches the specified concentration, 80% will be sent to the fourth stage of the biogas project to accelerate the methanogenic process, and 20% will be used as mother liquor to re-cultivate the methanogenic bacteria according to the above steps. After the bacterial cultures in the first bacterial culture tank (1H), the second bacterial culture tank (2AC), the third bacterial culture tank (3AA), and the fourth bacterial culture tank (4M) have reached the specified concentration, they are stored in the corresponding culture tanks for use; The above operations are repeated continuously, and the duration of each cycle is gradually shortened, so that the bacterial culture at each stage can be completed smoothly and quickly. The high-concentration bacteria cultured in the first bacteria culture tank (1H), the second bacteria culture tank (2AC), the third bacteria culture tank (3AA), and the fourth bacteria culture tank (4M) will be connected to the anaerobic fermentation tank of the biogas project, and according to the monitoring data of each stage of the anaerobic fermentation tank, they will be added to the corresponding fermentation stage of the anaerobic fermentation tank in a timely manner and in an appropriate amount to optimize and improve its operating conditions.

2. The bio-augmentation process for producing biogas at each stage by anaerobic fermentation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process is applicable to various dry and semi-dry anaerobic fermentation technologies for producing biogas, including: optimization and development of dry anaerobic biogas production projects such as horizontal plug flow dry anaerobic fermentation and garage type dry anaerobic fermentation.

3. The bio-augmentation process for producing biogas at each stage by anaerobic fermentation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The monitoring system detects parameters including pH value, temperature, pressure, COD, redox potential, dissolved oxygen, biogas volume, methane concentration and other parameters.

4. The bio-augmentation process for producing biogas at each stage by anaerobic fermentation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anaerobic fermentation is specifically divided into four stages: the first stage, the hydrolysis stage; the second stage, the acidification stage; the third stage, the acetic acid production stage; the fourth stage, the methane production stage; by cultivating the anaerobic fermentation bacteria in the four stages respectively, the operation and management of the anaerobic fermentation biogas production system are optimized, the biogas production and methane concentration are steadily increased, and the economic benefits of the biogas project are improved.

5. The bio-augmentation process for producing biogas at each stage by anaerobic fermentation according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first bacterial community culture tank (1H), the second bacterial community culture tank (2AC), the third bacterial community culture tank (3AA), and the fourth bacterial community culture tank (4M) correspond to the hydrolysis stage, acidification stage, acetogenesis stage, and methanogenesis stage, respectively, and reproduce the hydrolysis bacterial community, the acidification bacterial community, the acetogenesis bacterial community, and the methanogenesis bacterial community.

6. The bio-augmentation process for producing biogas at each stage by anaerobic fermentation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The culture medium of the first bacterial colony culture tank (1H), the second bacterial colony culture tank (2AC), the third bacterial colony culture tank (3AA), and the fourth bacterial colony culture tank (4M) can be provided in the previous step according to the specific implementation method of the process flow, or can be directly provided by the connected biogas project, and will be automatically controlled and selected in real time according to the characteristics of the biogas project operation process.

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