Circulating solar PVT heat pump combined supply hot water system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of photoelectricity, in particular to a circulating type solar PVT heat pump combined supply hot water making system which comprises a water storage tank and photo-thermal plates which are connected through a heat pump unit, the number of the photo-thermal plates is multiple, the photo-thermal plates are arranged in a rectangular array mode, and all the photo-thermal plates jointly form a photo-thermal unit; first winding machines are arranged at the four corners of the photo-thermal unit, and the two first winding machines in the same row are connected with the same first moving trolley through first steel wire ropes. The two first moving trolleys are each provided with a second winding machine, and the two second winding machines are connected with the same second moving trolley through a second steel wire rope. A rotating seat and a driving unit are arranged on the second moving trolley, and a dust collection unit, a washing unit and a wiping unit which are sequentially arranged in the arrangement direction of the photo-thermal plates in the same row are arranged on the rotating seat. According to the invention, the normal combined supply function of the system can be ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of photoelectrics, and in particular to a circulating solar PVT heat pump combined hot water system. Background Art

[0002] Solar photovoltaic / thermal (PVT) technology combines photovoltaic and solar thermal to achieve a higher utilization rate of solar energy. In order to save energy and reduce emissions, PVT heat pump systems are usually installed on the roofs of civil high-rise buildings.

[0003] The solar energy first irradiates the photovoltaic cells on the upper layer of the PVT collector to generate direct current, and then the thermal energy of the solar energy is absorbed by the heat transfer fluid in the heat absorption plate on the lower layer of the PVT collector. The heat transfer fluid will carry away the heat through its own flow and supply it to the heat pump unit. The heat pump unit will cooperate with the water storage tank to achieve the four-in-one supply of power generation, heating, cooling and hot water.

[0004] For cities with poor environmental governance, and construction sites or low vegetation density around civil buildings, there is often a lot of dust floating in the air. When the solar thermal panels composed of photovoltaic cells and heat-absorbing panels are exposed to the roof for a long time, a lot of dust will accumulate on their surface, reducing the power generation and heat absorption efficiency of the solar thermal panels, and thus affecting the joint power supply function of the system. If special cleaning is required by personnel, it will be time-consuming and labor-intensive, so improvement is needed. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to ensure the normal cogeneration function of the system, the present application provides a circulating solar PVT heat pump cogeneration hot water system.

[0006] The present application provides a circulating solar PVT heat pump combined hot water system, which adopts the following technical solution: a circulating solar PVT heat pump combined hot water system, comprising a water storage tank and a photothermal panel connected by a heat pump unit, wherein a plurality of photothermal panels are provided and arranged in a rectangular array, and all photothermal panels together constitute a photothermal unit; The four corners of the solar thermal unit are equipped with first winders. The two first winders in the same row are connected to the same first moving trolley through the first steel wire rope. The first winders can drive the first moving trolley to move to any row of solar thermal panels. The two first moving trolleys are both equipped with a second winder, and the two second winders are connected to the same second moving trolley through a second steel wire rope. The second winder can drive the second moving trolley to move to any row of solar thermal panels. The second movable trolley is provided with a rotating seat located above the photothermal plate and a driving unit for driving the rotating seat to rotate on the plane where the upper surface of the photothermal plate is located. The rotating seat is provided with a dust suction unit, a flushing unit and a wiping unit which are arranged in sequence along the arrangement direction of the photothermal plates in the same row. The dust suction unit is used to suck away dust on the upper surface of the photothermal plate, the flushing unit is used to flush the upper surface of the photothermal plate, and the wiping unit is used to wipe the upper surface of the photothermal plate.

[0007] Optionally, two limit plates are installed on the rotating seat, and the arrangement direction of the two limit plates is perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the photothermal panels in the same row; When the rotating seat moves directly above the photothermal plate, the two limit plates will be clamped on the photothermal plate together.

[0008] Optionally, the dust collection unit includes a dust collector mounted on the second moving trolley, the dust collector is connected to a dust cover via a first hose, and the dust cover is mounted on the rotating seat and faces the upper surface of the photothermal plate; A brush roller is rotatably connected in the dust collection hood, and the brush roller cleans the upper surface of the photothermal plate during rotation; A first motor is installed on the dust cover, and an output shaft of the first motor is coaxially connected to the brush roller.

[0009] Optionally, the flushing unit includes a high-pressure air pump, a water tank and a water pump mounted on the second moving trolley, the water pump is connected to the inside of the water tank and is connected to a spray nozzle through a second hose, and the spray nozzle is mounted on the rotating seat and faces the upper surface of the photothermal plate; The high-pressure air pump is connected to the second hose through the third hose, and is connected to an air nozzle through the fourth hose. The air nozzle is mounted on the rotating seat and faces the upper surface of the photothermal plate. The air nozzle is located between the spray nozzle and the wiping unit.

[0010] Optionally, the wiping unit includes a second motor, two rotating rollers and two pressing rollers, the second motor is mounted on the rotating seat, and the output shaft of the second motor is coaxially connected to one of the rotating rollers; The arrangement direction of the two rotating rollers is perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the photothermal panels in the same row. The two rotating rollers rotate around their own axes and are connected to the rotating seat and are wrapped with the same belt. The surface of the belt is equipped with a water-absorbing cloth. The belt will drive the water-absorbing cloth to wipe the surface of the photothermal panel during movement. The pressure rollers correspond to the rotating rollers one by one and are clamped on the absorbent cloth and the belt together. The pressure rollers are located obliquely above the photothermal plate, and the photothermal plate is located between the two pressure rollers.

[0011] Optionally, the rotating seat is rotatably connected to the second moving trolley via a rotating shaft, a magnet is mounted on the rotating seat, and an iron block is mounted on the second moving trolley; When the dust collecting unit, the flushing unit and the wiping unit are arranged in sequence along the arrangement direction of the photothermal panels in the same row, the magnet will absorb and fix the iron block; The driving unit includes a gear and two racks, the gear is fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft, the two racks are respectively connected to two first moving carriages through elastic telescopic rods, and the first moving carriage is provided with a locking member for locking and fixing the racks; When the locking member locks and fixes the rack, the second movable carriage can drive the gear to rotate on the rack by at least 180° through the rotating shaft; When the locking member cancels the locking of the rack, the elastic telescopic rod will drive the rack to move away from the movement path of the gear.

[0012] Optionally, the locking member is a locking frame, and the locking frame is connected to the first moving trolley via a spring; A locking groove is provided on the rack. When the spring is in a natural state, the locking frame can be inserted into the locking groove so that the rack is locked and fixed; A pressure ring is provided on the fixed sleeve of the rotating shaft. When the second moving trolley approaches the first moving trolley, the rotation directions of the gears on the two racks are opposite, and when the gears rotate 180° on the racks, the pressure ring will push the locking frame to move out of the locking groove.

[0013] Optionally, two push plates are mounted on the rotating seat, the push plates correspond to the racks one by one, the two racks are on different horizontal planes, and the movement paths of the two push plates are also on different planes; When the second moving trolley approaches the first moving trolley, the push plate will push the rack to move until the locking frame is inserted into the locking groove, and then the push plate will be separated from the rack and the gear will be engaged with the rack.

[0014] Optionally, the solar thermal panel is tilted and faces due south, and the angle between the solar thermal panel and the ground is 20° to 45°.

[0015] Optionally, a control panel is further included, a contact sensor and an infrared sensor are installed on the first moving trolley, and the contact sensor, the infrared sensor, the driving motor in the first winder, and the driving motor in the second winder are all coupled to the control panel; When the pressure ring pushes the locking frame out of the locking groove, the pressure ring will contact the contact sensor, and the contact sensor will send a reverse signal to the control panel. The control panel will control the drive motors in the two second winders to reverse synchronously, so that the second moving trolley moves in the opposite direction. The control panel will also control the drive motors in the four first winders to start synchronously, so that the first moving trolley moves. When the infrared sensor detects an object within the specified range, the infrared sensor will send a stop signal to the control panel, and the control panel will control the drive motors in the four first winders to shut down synchronously, so that the first moving trolley stops at the next row of photothermal plates.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present invention are: 1. Through the cooperation of the first winder and the second winder, the second moving trolley can be moved to any photothermal plate, so that the dust collection unit, the flushing unit and the wiping unit can clean the upper surface of the photothermal plate in turn; 2. The setting of the limit plate and the coordination of the magnet and the iron block make the rotating seat remain stable on the second moving trolley and the thermal plate to ensure the cleaning effect on the upper surface of the thermal plate; 3. When a row of photothermal panels is cleaned, the second moving trolley will move to the first moving trolley, so that the rotating seat automatically rotates 180° to ensure that the dust collection unit, flushing unit and wiping unit can clean the upper surface of the photothermal panel in turn. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a heating mode system cycle of a heat pump unit in Example 1 of the present application; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a heating mode system cycle of a heat pump unit in Example 1 of the present application; Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the heat pump unit in Example 2 of the present application; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the photothermal panel, the first moving trolley and the second moving trolley in Example 2 of the present application; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second mobile vehicle in Example 2 of the present application; Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the upper side of the rotating seat in Example 2 of the present application; Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of the lower side of the rotating seat in Example 2 of the present application; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second moving trolley and the rotating seat in Example 2 of the present application; Fig. 9 It is a schematic structural diagram of a row of photothermal panels in Example 2 of the present application; Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first moving trolley and the second moving trolley in Example 2 of the present application; Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first movable vehicle and the photothermal plate in Example 2 of the present application; Fig.12is a schematic structural diagram of a driving unit in Embodiment 2 of the present application; Fig.13 is a schematic structural diagram of a rotating seat and a driving unit in Example 2 of the present application; Fig.14 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the PVT component (ethylene glycol medium) in Example 3 of the present application; Fig.15 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the PVT component (Freon medium) in Example 3 of the present application; Fig.16 is a schematic diagram of the Freon system in Example 3 of the present application; Fig.17 This is a schematic diagram of the ethylene glycol system in Example 3 of the present application.

[0018] Figure numerals: 1, heat pump unit; 11, compressor; 12, first heat exchanger; 13, second heat exchanger; 14, liquid storage tank; 15, filter; 16, expansion valve; 17, electric reversing valve; 2, water storage tank; 3, photothermal plate; 4, first winder; 41, first steel wire rope; 5, first moving trolley; 6, second winder; 61, second steel wire rope; 7, second moving trolley; 71, iron block; 8, rotating seat; 81, dust collection unit; 811, dust collector; 812, first hose; 813, dust cover; 814, brush roller; 815, first motor; 82, flushing unit; 821, high-pressure air pump; 822 , water tank; 823, water pump; 824, second hose; 825, spray nozzle; 826, third hose; 827, fourth hose; 828, air nozzle; 83, wiping unit; 831, second motor; 832, rotating roller; 833, pressure roller; 834, belt; 835, absorbent cloth; 84, limit plate; 85, rotating shaft; 851, pressure ring; 86, driving unit; 861, gear; 862, rack; 863, elastic telescopic rod; 864, locking frame; 865, spring; 866, locking groove; 87, magnet; 88, push plate; 9, control panel; 91, contact sensor; 92, infrared sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are only used to explain the technical principles of the present invention and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0020] The following is combined with Figure 1-17 This application is described in further detail.

[0021] Example 1 The present application discloses a circulating solar PVT heat pump combined hot water system. Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, in winter, summer and transition seasons when the solar radiation intensity is high during the day, the system can operate in the cogeneration mode. At this time, the solar thermal panel acts as the evaporator of the PVT heat pump system to absorb heat. The absorbed heat mainly comes from solar radiation energy, heat conduction from the photovoltaic module itself to the heat exchange plate, and natural convection heat exchange between the heat exchange plate and the air. The refrigerant in the PVT heat pump system passes through the compressor exhaust and the four-way reversing valve, and is connected to the inlet of the high-efficiency heat exchanger in the hot water storage tank serving as the condenser of the heat pump system. After the outlet passes through the refrigerant one-way valve group, it is connected to the liquid storage tank, the drying filter, and the electronic expansion valve in sequence, and then connected to the inlet of the photothermal plate serving as the evaporator of the PVT heat pump system. The liquid refrigerant absorbs heat and evaporates in the photothermal plate, and its volume gradually expands. The refrigerant flow path is also gradually divided along the pipeline, from two-pipe to multiple-pipe, and flows out from the outlet, and is connected to the compressor suction port through the four-way reversing valve and the vapor-liquid separator, forming a closed heat pump system heating cycle; the inlet and outlet of the high-efficiency heat exchanger built into the hot water storage tank are controlled by two refrigerant solenoid valves respectively.

[0022] In summer and transitional season nights when there is a demand for cooling, as well as in rainy days when the solar radiation intensity is low, the system can work in cooling mode. The solar thermal panel releases heat as the condenser of the heat pump system. The heat exchange energy source is mainly the long-wave cold radiation energy from the sky and the natural convection heat exchange between the heat exchange panel and the air. The refrigerant at the outlet of the high-efficiency heat exchange coil in the ice storage bucket as the evaporator of the heat pump system enters the compressor exhaust through the four-way reversing valve and the vapor-liquid separator, and is connected to the inlet of the solar thermal panel as the condenser of the PVT heat pump system; the gaseous refrigerant releases heat and condenses in the solar thermal panel, condensing from gas to liquid, and the volume gradually decreases. The refrigerant flow path also converges from multiple pipes to two pipes along the pipeline, and finally flows out from the outlet, passes through the refrigerant one-way valve group, and is connected to the liquid storage tank, the drying filter, and the electronic expansion valve in turn, and enters the inlet of the high-efficiency heat exchange coil in the ice storage bucket; the inlet and outlet of the high-efficiency heat exchange coil in the ice storage bucket are respectively controlled by two refrigerant solenoid valves.

[0023] The heat pump cycle takes away the heat generated by the photovoltaic modules during the power generation process, which has the effect of cooling the photovoltaic cells, thereby significantly improving the power generation and efficiency of the system. The two systems promote each other. The entire system can achieve self-sufficiency in electricity, and the power generation during the day is sufficient to supply the power-consuming equipment in the system for the whole day.

[0024] This system integrates multiple functions such as heating, cooling and power generation. The system equipment is simple in composition, the equipment utilization rate is high in all-weather operation, and the energy-saving effect is remarkable. It can maximize the energy utilization rate, realize efficient energy storage, reduce energy loss, and meet different energy needs at the same time, realizing one machine for multiple uses and time-sharing trigeneration of heat, electricity and cooling. It is a green, energy-saving and environmentally friendly composite energy system with a wide range of applications and great promotion value.

[0025] Example 2 like Figure 3 As shown, a circulating solar PVT heat pump combined hot water system includes a water storage tank 2 and a photothermal panel 3 connected via a heat pump unit 1. The photothermal panel 3 receives sunlight to generate direct current, thus achieving the demand for power generation.

[0026] The heat pump unit 1 is a heat pump unit 1 with cooling and heating functions, which is composed of a compressor 11, a first heat exchanger 12, a second heat exchanger 13, a liquid storage tank 14, a filter 15, an expansion valve 16 and an electric reversing valve 17. The electric reversing valve 17 controls the switching of the cooling and heating modes of the heat pump unit 1. The liquid storage tank 14 stores a refrigerant medium, the first heat exchanger 12 is arranged in the water storage tank 2, and the second heat exchanger 13 is installed indoors. The compressor 11, the first heat exchanger 12, the liquid storage tank 14, the filter 15, the expansion valve 16, and the second heat exchanger 13 are connected in sequence to form a circulation loop, and the compressor 11, the first heat exchanger 12 and the second heat exchanger 13 are also connected through the electric reversing valve 17.

[0027] When cooling down in the summer, the liquid refrigerant first absorbs the heat in the air in the second heat exchanger 13 and evaporates to form steam, and then is compressed into a high-temperature and high-pressure gas by the compressor 11, and enters the first heat exchanger 12 in the water storage tank 2 to condense into a liquid. The heat in the gas will be transferred to the water that needs to be heated, and the liquid refrigerant will return to the second heat exchanger 13 after being reduced in pressure and expanded by the expansion valve 16, absorbing heat and evaporating to complete a cycle; in this way, the indoor heat is gradually output to the heated water, so that the water in the water storage tank 2 is heated to a predetermined temperature, meeting the needs of hot water and cooling.

[0028] When heating in winter, the liquid refrigerant is vaporized in the first heat exchanger 12 in the water storage tank 2, and the low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 11 to become a high-temperature and high-pressure gas and enters the second heat exchanger 13. Since the temperature of the refrigerant is higher than the indoor air temperature, the refrigerant will transfer heat to the air, and the gaseous refrigerant will condense into a high-pressure liquid. The high-pressure liquid refrigerant enters the first heat exchanger 12 after being throttled by the expansion valve 16, and the low-pressure liquid refrigerant is vaporized again to complete a cycle; in this way, the heat of the water in the water storage tank 2 will gradually be output to the indoor air, thereby achieving the heating demand.

[0029] In summary, the present application can realize the quadruple supply of power generation, heating, refrigeration and hot water.

[0030] like Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, there are a plurality of solar thermal panels 3 arranged in a rectangular array. The solar thermal panels 3 are tilted and face due south. Because most of the sunlight comes from the south, the photovoltaic panels in the due south are exposed to the sun for the longest time, thereby making full use of solar energy.

[0031] It is worth noting that in the northern hemisphere, the solar thermal panel 3 facing 20 degrees to the southwest can ensure good light in different seasons. This is because the earth's rotation axis 85 and the revolution orbit are not perpendicular, resulting in different sun angles in different seasons.

[0032] In this embodiment, the angle between the solar thermal panel 3 and the ground is 20° to 45°. The installation angle of the photovoltaic panel is affected by factors such as latitude and season. In the northern hemisphere, the optimal installation angle of the solar thermal panel 3 is approximately between 30 degrees and 40 degrees because the altitude angle of the sun in the sky is lower in the northern hemisphere.

[0033] like Figure 5 As shown, all the photothermal panels 3 together form a photothermal unit, and first winders 4 are provided at the four corners of the photothermal unit. Two first winders 4 in the same row are connected to the same first moving trolley 5 through first steel wires 41. The two first winders 4 in the same row wind up and unwind the first steel wires 41 respectively, so that the first moving trolley 5 can be moved to any column of photothermal panels 3.

[0034] The two first moving carts 5 are both equipped with second winders 6, which are connected to the same second moving cart 7 via second steel wires 61. The two second winders 6 wind up and unwind the second steel wires 61, respectively, so that the second moving cart 7 can be moved to any row of the photothermal panels 3.

[0035] Therefore, through the cooperation of the first winder 4 and the second winder 6 , the second movable trolley 7 can be moved to any photothermal panel 3 .

[0036] It is worth noting that a power source for supplying power to the first winder 4 may be installed on the roof, and a power source for supplying power to the second winder 6 may be installed on the first movable trolley 5 .

[0037] like Figures 5 to 7 As shown, the second moving trolley 7 is provided with a rotating seat 8 located above the photothermal plate 3, and the rotating seat 8 is provided with a dust collecting unit 81, a flushing unit 82 and a wiping unit 83 arranged in sequence along the arrangement direction of the photothermal plates 3 in the same row. When the second moving trolley 7 drives the rotating seat 8 to pass through each photothermal plate 3 in the same row in sequence, the dust collecting unit 81 will absorb the dust on the upper surface of the photothermal plate 3, the flushing unit 82 will flush the upper surface of the photothermal plate 3, and the wiping unit 83 will wipe the upper surface of the photothermal plate 3, thereby achieving the cleaning of the upper surface of the photothermal plate 3.

[0038] Two limit plates 84 are installed on the rotating seat 8, and the arrangement direction of the two limit plates 84 is perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the photothermal plates 3 in the same row. When the rotating seat 8 moves directly above the photothermal plate 3, the two limit plates 84 will clamp the photothermal plate 3 together, so that the rotating seat 8 is not easy to shake relative to the photothermal plate 3, so as to ensure the cleaning effect of the dust suction unit 81, the flushing unit 82 and the wiping unit 83 on the photothermal plate 3.

[0039] The dust collection unit 81 includes a dust collector 811 installed on the second movable trolley 7. The dust collector 811 is connected to a dust hood 813 through a first hose 812. The dust hood 813 is installed on the rotating seat 8 and faces the upper surface of the photothermal plate 3. A brush roller 814 is rotatably connected inside the dust hood 813. A first motor 815 is installed on the dust hood 813. The output shaft of the first motor 815 is coaxially connected to the brush roller 814.

[0040] The first motor 815 can drive the brush roller 814 to rotate, so that the brush roller 814 cleans the dust on the upper surface of the photothermal plate 3, thereby achieving a primary cleaning of the photothermal plate 3; under the action of the vacuum cleaner 811, the swept dust will enter the vacuum cleaner 811 through the dust hood 813 and the first hose 812, thereby achieving a secondary cleaning of the photothermal plate 3.

[0041] The flushing unit 82 includes a high-pressure air pump 821, a water tank 822 and a water pump 823 installed on the second movable cart 7. The water pump 823 is connected to the inside of the water tank 822 and is connected to a spray nozzle 825 through a second hose 824. The spray nozzle 825 is installed on the rotating seat 8 and faces the upper surface of the photothermal plate 3; the high-pressure air pump 821 is connected to the second hose 824 through a third hose 826, and the high-pressure air pump 821 is connected to an air nozzle 828 through a fourth hose 827. The air nozzle 828 is installed on the rotating seat 8 and faces the upper surface of the photothermal plate 3. The air nozzle 828 is located between the spray nozzle 825 and the wiping unit 83.

[0042] The water pump 823 can draw water from the water tank 822 and pass the water into the second hose 824. The high-pressure air pump 821 can spray high-pressure gas into the second hose 824 through the third hose 826. The high-pressure gas and water in the second hose 824 will collide with each other and form high-pressure water mist. The high-pressure water mist will be sprayed onto the upper surface of the thermal plate 3 through the spray nozzle 825, so that the residual dust on the thermal plate 3 is washed away, thereby achieving three cleanings of the thermal plate 3; the high-pressure air pump 821 can also spray high-pressure gas into the air nozzle 828 through the fourth hose 827. The high-pressure gas in the air nozzle 828 will be directly sprayed onto the upper surface of the thermal plate 3, so that the residual dust and residual water mist on the thermal plate 3 are blown away, thereby achieving four cleanings of the thermal plate 3.

[0043] The wiping unit 83 includes a second motor 831, two rotating rollers 832 and two pressing rollers 833. The arrangement direction of the two rotating rollers 832 is perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the photothermal panels 3 in the same row. The same belt 834 is wound around the two rotating rollers 832. The surface of the belt 834 is provided with a water-absorbing cloth 835. The water-absorbing cloth 835 on the belt 834 can wipe the residual dust and residual water mist on the upper surface of the photothermal panel 3, thereby achieving four cleanings of the photothermal panel 3.

[0044] The second motor 831 is installed on the rotating seat 8, and the output shaft of the second motor 831 is coaxially connected to one of the rotating rollers 832. The two rotating rollers 832 are both connected to the rotating seat 8 around their own axes. The pressure roller 833 corresponds to the rotating rollers 832 one by one and is clamped together with the absorbent cloth 835 and the belt 834. The pressure roller 833 is located obliquely above the photothermal plate 3, and the photothermal plate 3 is located between the two pressure rollers 833.

[0045] The second motor 831 can drive one of the rotating rollers 832 to rotate, so that the belt 834 and the absorbent cloth 835 make a circular motion, and the pressure roller 833 will squeeze the absorbent cloth 835 on the belt 834 together with the rotating roller 832, so that the water in the absorbent cloth 835 is squeezed out, so as to ensure that the absorbent cloth 835 can wipe the upper surface of the solar thermal panel 3 dry, and the squeezed water will directly fall onto the roof, avoiding sewage from dirtying the upper surface of the solar thermal panel 3.

[0046] It is worth noting that the second mobile cart 7 may be equipped with a power supply for supplying power to the vacuum cleaner 811 , the first motor 815 , the high-pressure air pump 821 , the water pump 823 and the second motor 831 .

[0047] like Figures 8 to 10 As shown, the rotating seat 8 is rotatably connected to the second moving trolley 7 via a rotating shaft 85. The second moving trolley 7 is provided with a driving unit 86 for driving the rotating seat 8 to rotate on the plane where the upper surface of the photothermal plate 3 is located. The driving unit 86 includes a gear 861 and two racks 862. The gear 861 is fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft 85. The two racks 862 are respectively connected to the two first moving trolleys 5 through elastic telescopic rods 863.

[0048] The first moving trolley 5 is provided with a locking member for locking and fixing the rack 862. When the locking member locks and fixes the rack 862, the second moving trolley 7 can drive the gear 861 to rotate at least 180° on the rack 862 through the rotating shaft 85.

[0049] When a row of thermal insulation panels 3 is cleaned, the second moving trolley 7 will move to the first moving trolley 5. At this time, the locking piece can lock and fix the rack 862. During the movement, the second moving trolley 7 can drive the gear 861 to rotate 180° on the rack 862 through the rotating shaft 85, so that the dust collection unit 81, the flushing unit 82 and the wiping unit 83 change positions, so that the second moving trolley 7 can vacuum, flush and wipe the next row of thermal insulation panels 3 in turn during the reverse movement.

[0050] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, two magnets 87 are installed on the rotating seat 8, and two iron blocks 71 are installed on the second moving trolley 7, and the magnets 87 correspond to the iron blocks 71. When the dust collecting unit 81, the flushing unit 82 and the wiping unit 83 are arranged in sequence along the arrangement direction of the photothermal plates 3 in the same row, the magnets 87 will absorb and fix the iron blocks 71, so that the rotating seat 8 remains stable on the second moving trolley 7, so as to ensure the cleaning effect on the upper surface of the photothermal plates 3.

[0051] like Figures 11 to 13 As shown, it is worth noting that the locking member is a locking frame 864, which is connected to the first moving trolley 5 through a spring 865; a locking groove 866 is provided on the rack 862, and when the spring 865 is in a natural state, the locking frame 864 can be inserted into the locking groove 866, so that the rack 862 is locked and fixed.

[0052] A pressure ring 851 is fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft 85. When the second moving trolley 7 approaches the first moving trolley 5, the gear 861 will rotate on the locked rack 862 until the gear 861 rotates 180°. At this time, the pressure ring 851 will push the locking frame 864 to move out of the locking groove 866, and the rack 862 will no longer be locked and fixed. The elastic telescopic rod 863 will return to its natural state and prompt the rack 862 to move away from the gear 861, so that the rack 862 is separated from the movement path of the gear 861. Therefore, when the second moving trolley 7 moves in the opposite direction away from the first moving trolley 5, the gear 861 will not be prompted to rotate on the rack 862, so that the second moving trolley 7 only rotates 180° each time it moves to the first moving trolley 5, so as to ensure that the dust collection unit 81, the flushing unit 82 and the wiping unit 83 can clean the upper surface of the photothermal plate 3 in turn.

[0053] It is worth noting that the rotation directions of the gear 861 on the two racks 862 are opposite. Therefore, when the second moving cart 7 moves between the two first moving carts 5, the gear 861 will first rotate 180° at one of the first moving carts 5, and then reverse 180° at the other first moving cart 5, so that the first hose 812, the second hose 824, the third hose 826 and the fourth hose 827 are not easily damaged due to excessive twisting.

[0054] Two push plates 88 are installed on the rotating seat 8, and the push plates 88 correspond to the racks 862 one by one. When the second moving trolley 7 approaches the first moving trolley 5, the push plates 88 will push the racks 862 to move until the locking frame 864 is reinserted into the locking groove 866, at which time the racks 862 will be locked and fixed; then the push plates 88 will be disengaged from the racks 862, and the gear 861 will engage with the racks 862, so that the dust collection unit 81, the flushing unit 82 and the wiping unit 83 can change positions.

[0055] It is worth noting that the two racks 862 are on different horizontal planes, and the movement paths of the two push plates 88 are also on different planes. Therefore, when one of the push plates 88 pushes the rack 862 to move, causing the dust collection unit 81, the flushing unit 82 and the wiping unit 83 to change positions, the push plate 88 will not be able to contact the rack 862 again, and the other push plate 88 will also not be able to contact the rack 862, to ensure that the second moving trolley 7 can continue to clean the next row of photothermal plates 3.

[0056] like Figure 4 and Fig.11 As shown, it also includes a control panel 9. A contact sensor 91 and an infrared sensor 92 are installed on the first moving cart 5. The contact sensor 91, the infrared sensor 92, the driving motor in the first winder 4 and the driving motor in the second winder 6 are all coupled to the control panel 9.

[0057] The implementation principle of a circulating solar PVT heat pump combined hot water system in the embodiment of the present application is: during the cleaning process of the solar thermal panels 3, the first winder 4 will drive the first moving trolley 5 to move to the first row of solar thermal panels 3, and the second winder 6 will drive the second moving trolley 7 to pass through each solar thermal panel 3 in the first row in turn.

[0058] The first motor 815 drives the brush roller 814 to rotate and clean the dust on the upper surface of the photothermal plate 3 , and the cleaned dust enters the vacuum cleaner 811 through the dust cover 813 and the first hose 812 .

[0059] The water pump 823 will draw water from the water tank 822 and pass the water into the second hose 824. The high-pressure air pump 821 can spray high-pressure gas into the second hose 824 through the third hose 826. The high-pressure gas and water in the second hose 824 will collide with each other and form high-pressure water mist. The high-pressure water mist will be sprayed onto the upper surface of the photothermal panel 3 through the spray nozzle 825, so that the residual dust on the photothermal panel 3 is washed away.

[0060] The high-pressure air pump 821 can also spray high-pressure gas into the air nozzle 828 through the fourth hose 827. The high-pressure gas in the air nozzle 828 will be directly sprayed onto the upper surface of the photothermal panel 3, so that the residual dust and residual water mist on the photothermal panel 3 are blown away.

[0061] The absorbent cloth 835 on the belt 834 will wipe the residual dust and residual water mist on the upper surface of the photothermal plate 3. The second motor 831 will drive one of the rotating rollers 832 to rotate, so that the belt 834 and the absorbent cloth 835 make a circular motion. The pressure roller 833 will squeeze the absorbent cloth 835 on the belt 834 together with the rotating roller 832, so that the water in the absorbent cloth 835 is squeezed out, and the squeezed water will directly fall onto the roof, thereby preventing sewage from dirtying the upper surface of the photothermal plate 3.

[0062] When a row of photothermal panels 3 is cleaned, the second moving carriage 7 will move to the first moving carriage 5, and the push plate 88 will push the rack 862 to move until the locking frame 864 is re-inserted into the locking groove 866; then the push plate 88 will be disengaged from the rack 862, and the gear 861 will be engaged with the rack 862 until the gear 861 and the rotating seat 8 rotate 180°; at this time, the pressure ring 851 will push the locking frame 864 to move out of the locking groove 866, and the elastic telescopic rod 863 will return to the natural state and cause the gear 861 to engage with the rack 862. The rack 862 moves away from the gear 861, so that the rack 862 is separated from the movement path of the gear 861; at the same time, the pressure ring 851 will abut against the contact sensor 91, and the contact sensor 91 will transmit a reversal signal to the control panel 9. The control panel 9 will control the drive motors in the two second winders 6 to reverse synchronously, so that the second moving trolley 7 moves in the opposite direction. The control panel 9 will also control the drive motors in the four first winders 4 to start synchronously, so that the first moving trolley 5 moves to the next row of thermal plates 3.

[0063] When the infrared sensor 92 detects the presence of an object within the specified range, it means that the first moving cart 5 has moved to the next row of photothermal plates 3. At this time, the infrared sensor 92 will send a stop signal to the control panel 9, and the control panel 9 will control the drive motors in the four first winders 4 to shut down synchronously, so that the first moving cart 5 stops, and the second moving cart 7 will continue to move and clean the next row of photothermal plates 3.

[0064] In summary, the present application can realize automatic cleaning of the upper surface of the photothermal panel 3, thereby ensuring the power generation and heat absorption efficiency of the photothermal panel 3, and further ensuring the normal cogeneration function of the system.

[0065] Example 3 like Figures 14 to 17 As shown, a circulating solar PVT heat pump combined hot water system is composed of a photovoltaic and thermal PVT component and a heat pump, including a PVT power generation system and a heating water system. According to the different working fluids in the PVT component, it is divided into two types: Freon system and ethylene glycol system.

[0066] Freon system: (1) The PVT module is mainly composed of a glass cover, EVA, a photovoltaic cell group, TPT and an aluminum honeycomb flow channel blowing plate.

[0067] (2) PVT power generation system: The basic device for light-to-electricity conversion is the solar cell. A solar cell is a device that directly converts sunlight energy into electrical energy due to the photovoltaic effect. It is a semiconductor photodiode. When sunlight shines on the photodiode, the photodiode converts the sunlight energy into electrical energy and generates current. The direct current is converted into alternating current through the inverter, and then the power supply box provides power to the compressor and water supply pump. Alternatively, the electrical energy can be stored in a lithium battery pack for use.

[0068] (3) Heating water system: A circulating solar PVT heat pump combined hot water system uses the PVT component as the evaporator of the heat pump unit directly, and the refrigerant (Freon) as the heat collecting medium. It enters the PVT component to absorb the heat of solar radiation energy, then enters the compressor to become high-temperature and high-pressure steam, and then passes through the condenser to become low-temperature and high-pressure liquid. In the condenser, the heat is transferred from the Freon pipeline to the water pipeline through the heat release process of the condenser, and all the hot water in the water pipeline flows into the constant temperature water tank. The water tank has two upper and lower pipes, the upper pipe is the hot water outflow pipe, and the lower pipe is the supplementary water pipe. At this time, the refrigerant (Freon) that has become liquid flows out of the condenser under the action of the circulating pump, passes through the liquid storage tank, the drying filter, and the expansion valve in turn, and returns to the PVT collector after throttling and reducing the pressure, forming a circulation loop. The basic temperature of the water in the entire system is increased under the action of heat exchange. In the case of clear weather and sufficient light, the water temperature can reach about 55 degrees after the increase.

[0069] Ethylene glycol system: (1) PVT components are mainly composed of glass cover, EVA, photovoltaic battery group, TPT and aluminum honeycomb flow channel blowing plate, galvanized square tube, EPP insulation board, etc.

[0070] The principle of PVT power generation system is the same: the basic device of light-to-electricity conversion is solar cell. Solar cell is a device that directly converts sunlight energy into electrical energy due to the photovoltaic effect. It is a semiconductor photodiode. When sunlight shines on the photodiode, the photodiode will convert the sunlight energy into electrical energy and generate current.

[0071] (3) Heating water system: A circulating solar PVT heat pump combined hot water system uses the PVT component as the heat collector of the heat pump unit, and the antifreeze (ethylene glycol) as the heat collecting medium. It enters the PVT component to absorb the heat of solar radiation energy, and then flows into the coil of the coil heat exchange pressure water tank to exchange heat with water in the water tank. There are 4 pipes on the water tank, from top to bottom, namely the hot water outflow pipe, the antifreeze (ethylene glycol) outflow pipe, the antifreeze (ethylene glycol) inflow pipe, and the water replenishment inflow pipe. The antifreeze that has been transformed into liquid in the coil is returned to the aluminum honeycomb blown plate flow channel of the PVT component under the action of the circulating pump to form a circulation loop.

[0072] A circulating solar PVT heat pump combined hot water system is an energy utilization method that combines photovoltaic power generation and heat pump systems. It will adopt the advanced photovoltaic and thermal integrated components (PVT components) technology principle, combine photovoltaic technology and thermal technology, and reduce the working temperature of photovoltaic cells while taking heat, so as to achieve efficient solar heat and power cogeneration and improve the comprehensive utilization efficiency of solar photovoltaic and thermal energy. This system is not only more energy-efficient than traditional coal-fired, gas-fired, and electric heating, but also has a correspondingly improved performance coefficient compared with other heat pump forms. And its design is flexible and can be applied in different situations, which helps to optimize the energy utilization structure, reduce user investment costs, and shorten the investment payback period. Compared with various conventional energy supply forms of buildings, the PVT heat pump system is one of the important technical solutions for building energy conservation and emission reduction.

[0073] Example 4 Responding to climate change and reducing carbon dioxide emissions is a consensus reached by the entire human society. China's total carbon emissions from the entire construction process account for 51.3% of the country's carbon emissions, of which carbon emissions during the construction operation phase account for about 21.9% of the country's carbon emissions. The proportion of carbon emissions during the construction operation phase is relatively high, and the energy structure of the construction operation phase is mainly for the needs of "heat, electricity, and cooling". We must vigorously develop a new type of building comprehensive energy supply system based on renewable energy to reduce carbon emissions in the construction field.

[0074] China is rich in solar energy resources, and the areas with more than 2000 hours of sunshine throughout the year account for more than 2 / 3 of the country's total area; however, solar energy is affected by rainy weather, seasonality, day and night conditions, resulting in discontinuity of energy output, instability and other problems. The ground source heat pump system uses soil as the cold / heat source. Since the soil temperature fluctuates little throughout the year and lags behind the atmospheric temperature, its performance coefficient is higher than that of the traditional air source heat pump system. It is an efficient, energy-saving, pollution-free, and renewable form of building energy utilization; however, in the severe cold and cold areas in northern China, due to the low outdoor temperature and long heating period, the heat load is much greater than the cold load, which will cause underground cold accumulation in the long run.

[0075] Photovoltaic systems collect solar energy and convert it into electricity. About 20% of solar radiation is converted into electricity, and the remaining 80% is converted into heat or dissipated. In addition, the temperature effect of photovoltaic modules is significant (the power generation efficiency decreases by about 0.3% for every 1°C increase). When the waste heat generated by photovoltaic modules cannot be used, there will be a problem of inhibiting power generation. Solar photovoltaic thermal modules (PVT) convert solar energy into electricity while collecting part of the heat (waste heat). It can recover and utilize excess heat (waste heat) while generating solar photovoltaic power. It has a cooling effect on photovoltaic cells, which can improve power generation efficiency and the life of modules. The hot water temperature generated by PVT can generally reach 45°C, which can be used for building heating and domestic hot water, and can be used for cross-seasonal heat storage for ground source heat pump soil, which can achieve the best matching of building heat load, electric load, and cold load, greatly reducing the cost of building energy systems.

[0076] PVT heat pump technology has good operating performance COP. When the outlet water temperature is 45℃, the COP is close to 6.0, and it has good operating economy.

[0077] The COP of heat pump technology is the ratio of the heat energy it outputs to the electrical energy it inputs. The higher the ratio, the more efficient the heat pump is. A COP value of 6.0 means that the heat pump technology can output six times the amount of heat energy it inputs, which makes it highly efficient in terms of energy conversion.

[0078] The outlet water temperature of 45°C indicates that the heat pump technology is suitable for providing hot water or heating air. This temperature range can meet the needs of most application scenarios and provide a relatively comfortable indoor environment.

[0079] For the selection of PVT heat pumps mainly for cooling, the payback period for both types of heat pump units gradually increases with the increase of the designed chilled water outlet temperature. The cooling capacity and refrigeration performance coefficient of different operating modes (operating time intervals) are significantly different. For the system that only considers the cooling mode, the system's payback period continues to increase with the reduction of operating time, but for the system that takes into account the heating mode, the system's payback period continues to decrease with the reduction of operating time, and the payback period of the solar PVT heat pump system that takes into account both heating and cooling modes is much shorter than that of the system that only considers the cooling mode.

[0080] Example 5 From the perspective of global energy consumption, building energy consumption accounts for as high as 36%, of which residential buildings account for 22%; from the perspective of carbon emissions, building carbon emissions account for 39%, of which residential buildings account for 17%; and in residential buildings, heating (33%), hot water (19%), electrical appliances (16%), lighting (5%), etc. account for a high proportion, that is, the demand for electricity and heat in buildings is significant, and there is huge potential for energy conservation and emission reduction in this aspect; the building-integrated solar heat and power cogeneration system is an effective way to meet residential electricity and heat needs and achieve building energy conservation.

[0081] Traditional solar heating technology has the following technical bottlenecks: low thermal collection efficiency, which decreases with the increase of thermal collection temperature and has an upper limit of about 80%; unstable output, and drastic fluctuations in external environmental conditions (cloudy, rainy, snowy, etc.), resulting in unstable thermal output of the collector.

[0082] Solar heat pumps effectively reduce the difference between the working temperature and the ambient temperature, reduce heat loss and improve efficiency. When the irradiation conditions are good and the heat collection temperature is lower than the ambient temperature, the heat collection efficiency of solar collectors / evaporators is much higher than that of traditional solar collectors.

[0083] Solar heat pumps combine the conversion and utilization of solar energy with the principle of heat pump capacity conversion, and rationally utilize other forms of environmental energy such as solar energy, electrical energy and air sources to create energy conversion devices that meet the needs of continuous and stable heating, heating and air conditioning.

[0084] The research on solar heat pumps has a long history. Since 2001, the direct expansion solar collector / evaporator has been studied. After four generations of technological innovation, the quantitative production of direct expansion PVT collector / evaporator has been realized, and an efficient solar PVT heat pump system has been built. The original heat collection efficiency has been increased from about 40% to more than 80%. Among them, the existing PVT components are the technical means with the highest comprehensive utilization rate of solar energy.

[0085] PVT converts part of the solar radiation into electrical energy through the photovoltaic effect, and part of it into waste heat which is stored in solar cells. The inflatable collector / evaporator is attached to the back of the photovoltaic module, and the waste heat is taken away by the working fluid (heat pump working fluid). While improving the power generation efficiency, the heat pump cycle is used to convert it into high-quality thermal energy, thereby achieving efficient cogeneration of heat and power.

[0086] PVT uses cooling components (blowing plates) to remove waste heat generated by photovoltaic modules through working fluid, thereby reducing the working temperature of photovoltaic modules. While improving power generation efficiency, it effectively recovers waste heat and achieves efficient solar heat and power cogeneration.

[0087] The PVT heat pump couples the direct expansion PVT components with the heat pump system to form a solar PVT thermal system, achieving efficient cogeneration of heat and power for buildings. Compared with traditional single photovoltaic or solar thermal systems, the comprehensive utilization rate of solar energy is significantly improved.

[0088] The PVT heat pump conducts mathematical modeling for each component, and constructs a mathematical model of the system cycle based on the thermodynamic cycle, thereby simulating the system working conditions, energy efficiency ratio, power generation efficiency, heat collection efficiency, etc. under various working conditions. It provides a theoretical basis for the design and optimization of component matching. In addition, based on the system matching parameters, the conditions and principles for the self-operation of the system are proposed, that is, the electricity generated by the photovoltaic modules meets the power demand of the compressor and the system.

[0089] Example 6 During the day when the solar radiation is good, the system can run the heating mode and the power generation mode at the same time. The PVT heat pump system can heat the building in winter and provide domestic hot water and electricity throughout the year. At this time, the cells in the PVT component convert part of the solar energy into electricity. At the same time, the PVT component acts as the evaporator of the heat pump system, absorbing the heat from the solar radiation or the heat in the air. In the summer night, the system runs in the cooling mode. The PVT component acts as the condenser of the heat pump system. It dissipates heat to the external environment by long-wave cold radiation to the sky and convection heat exchange. At this time, the heat pump unit can produce chilled water for air conditioning, and can also prepare ice at a lower temperature. Summer nights are divided into sunny nights and cloudy nights. According to experimental research results, the performance of the unit that produces chilled water on sunny nights in summer is better than that on cloudy nights. On rainy days in summer, the system is suitable for running in the cooling mode. The heat exchange between the rainwater dripping on the surface of the PVT component and the PVT component is water-cooled heat exchange. The active water-cooled heat dissipation method can improve the cooling performance of the system.

[0090] When the PVT heat pump system is used as the heat source of the heating system in winter, it is advisable to match it with a floor radiant heating system. For the floor radiant heating system, 45℃ water supply can meet the heating demand, so 45℃ is used as the control basis for judging whether the PVT heat pump system can be directly used. The switching control of various modes of the PVT heat pump is determined by the water temperature of the hot water storage tank, the outdoor air temperature and the heat pump outlet water temperature. For the direct heating operation mode of the PVT heat pump unit, when the ambient temperature is lower than -20℃, the performance of the heat pump unit decreases and the operating efficiency is low, so the outdoor temperature of -20℃ is used as a control basis for the start and stop of the PVT heat pump unit. In order to ensure the safe, stable and efficient operation of the unit, when the outdoor temperature is lower than -20℃, the PVT heat pump unit stops running. In order to ensure that the heat load demand of the user's heating and the thermal comfort of indoor heating can be met, the water tank temperature of 35℃ is used as the critical condition for starting the electric heating mode. When the water temperature in the water tank is lower than 35℃, the electric heater starts. At this time, if the operating conditions of the heat pump unit are met, the heat pump unit should also remain in operation. If the outdoor temperature is lower than -20℃, the heat pump unit should be shut down, and only the electric heating direct heating mode will be operated.

[0091] Different uses and usage methods on the user side require different outlet water temperatures for heat pump units. For heating, the outlet water temperature is different for different heating terminal forms. The outlet water temperatures for fan coil heating, floor heating and radiator heating in the air source heat pump unit standard are 41, 35 and 50°C respectively. For domestic hot water, the outlet water temperature is generally specified to be 55°C. Since the PVT heat pump belongs to an energy storage energy system, the outlet water temperature of the unit will determine the performance and initial investment of the heat pump. For the heating mode, if the outlet water temperature of the unit is low, a larger water tank is required, and the system footprint and initial investment will increase, but the outlet water temperature cannot be set too high. When the environmental parameters are constant, as the outlet water temperature increases, the heating performance tends to decrease. Under the condition of meeting user needs, there is no need to blindly pursue high outlet water temperature, and the energy efficiency of the heat pump unit should be taken into account as much as possible. The operating condition of the user side specified in the technical regulations for solar PVT heat pumps is an outlet water temperature of 50°C, which is applicable to both domestic hot water and heating hot water.

[0092] In the PVT heat pump system, the heating performance of the air-injection enthalpy-increasing heat pump system is also affected by wind speed. When the outdoor temperature is low, the wind speed has little effect on the heating performance, and the heating COP corresponding to different wind speeds does not change much. The wind speed mainly affects the convective heat exchange between the PVT component and the air. When the temperature of the PVT component is lower than the outdoor temperature, the increase in outdoor wind speed will help the PVT component to extract heat from the air, thereby improving the heating performance of the system. When the ambient temperature is below 15°C, the heating COP is less affected by changes in wind speed than when the ambient temperature is above 15°C.

[0093] In summary, the main relationship between the heating performance of solar heat pumps and outdoor meteorological parameters is that they are greatly affected by solar radiation and temperature, and less affected by wind speed fluctuations. The solar radiation intensity and wind speed remain constant. When the outdoor temperature decreases, the evaporation temperature will decrease when the condensation temperature remains unchanged. First, the suction specific volume will increase, and second, the volumetric efficiency of the compressor will decrease. Therefore, when the PVT heat pump is running at a lower outdoor temperature, the refrigerant mass flow rate will decrease, which will lead to a decrease in heating capacity and reduced heating performance. Under the same outdoor temperature and wind speed conditions, the greater the solar radiation intensity, the greater the amount of heat absorbed by the PVT component per unit time. When the condensation temperature remains unchanged, the increase in evaporation temperature leads to an increase in the mass flow of the refrigerant, an increase in the heating capacity of the unit, and an improvement in heating performance. When the ambient temperature is below 15°C, the wind speed has little effect on the heating performance.

[0094] So far, the technical solutions of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that the protection scope of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principle of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after these changes or substitutions will fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A circulating solar PVT heat pump combined hot water system, comprising a water storage tank (2) and a solar thermal panel (3) connected via a heat pump unit (1), characterized in that: A plurality of photothermal panels (3) are provided and arranged in a rectangular array, and all photothermal panels (3) together form a photothermal unit; A first winder (4) is provided at each of the four corners of the photothermal unit; two first winders (4) in the same row are connected to the same first moving trolley (5) via a first steel wire rope (41); the first winders (4) can drive the first moving trolley (5) to move to any row of photothermal panels (3); The two first movable carriages (5) are both equipped with a second winder (6), and the two second winders (6) are connected to the same second movable carriage (7) via a second steel wire rope (61). The second winders (6) can drive the second movable carriage (7) to move to any row of photothermal plates (3); The second moving trolley (7) is provided with a rotating seat (8) located above the photothermal plate (3) and a driving unit (86) for driving the rotating seat (8) to rotate on a plane where the upper surface of the photothermal plate (3) is located. The rotating seat (8) is provided with a dust suction unit (81), a flushing unit (82) and a wiping unit (83) arranged in sequence along the arrangement direction of the photothermal plates (3) in the same row. The dust suction unit (81) is used to suck away dust on the upper surface of the photothermal plate (3), the flushing unit (82) is used to flush the upper surface of the photothermal plate (3), and the wiping unit (83) is used to wipe the upper surface of the photothermal plate (3).

2. A circulating solar PVT heat pump combined hot water system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two limit plates (84) are mounted on the rotating seat (8), and the arrangement direction of the two limit plates (84) is perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the photothermal panels (3) in the same row; When the rotating seat (8) moves directly above the photothermal plate (3), the two limiting plates (84) will be clamped together on the photothermal plate (3).

3. A circulating solar PVT heat pump combined hot water system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dust collection unit (81) comprises a dust collector (811) mounted on the second movable trolley (7); the dust collector (811) is connected to a dust collection hood (813) via a first hose (812); the dust collection hood (813) is mounted on the rotating seat (8) and faces the upper surface of the photothermal plate (3); A brush roller (814) is rotatably connected inside the dust collection cover (813), and the brush roller (814) cleans the upper surface of the photothermal plate (3) during rotation; A first motor (815) is mounted on the dust collection hood (813), and an output shaft of the first motor (815) is coaxially connected to the brush roller (814).

4. A circulating solar PVT heat pump combined hot water system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flushing unit (82) comprises a high-pressure air pump (821), a water tank (822) and a water pump (823) mounted on the second moving trolley (7); the water pump (823) is connected to the inside of the water tank (822) and is connected to a spray nozzle (825) via a second hose (824); the spray nozzle (825) is mounted on the rotating seat (8) and faces the upper surface of the photothermal plate (3); The high-pressure air pump (821) is connected to the second hose (824) via a third hose (826), and the high-pressure air pump (821) is connected to an air nozzle (828) via a fourth hose (827). The air nozzle (828) is mounted on the rotating seat (8) and faces the upper surface of the photothermal plate (3). The air nozzle (828) is located between the spray nozzle (825) and the wiping unit (83).

5. A circulating solar PVT heat pump combined hot water system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wiping unit (83) comprises a second motor (831), two rotating rollers (832) and two pressing rollers (833); the second motor (831) is mounted on the rotating seat (8); and the output shaft of the second motor (831) is coaxially connected to one of the rotating rollers (832); The arrangement direction of the two rotating rollers (832) is perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the photothermal plates (3) in the same row; the two rotating rollers (832) are connected to the rotating seat (8) and rotate around their own axes and are wrapped with a belt (834); a water-absorbing cloth (835) is installed on the surface of the belt (834); and the belt (834) drives the water-absorbing cloth (835) to wipe the surface of the photothermal plates (3) during movement; The pressure rollers (833) correspond to the rotating rollers (832) one by one and are clamped together on the water-absorbing cloth (835) and the belt (834); the pressure rollers (833) are located obliquely above the photothermal plate (3); and the photothermal plate (3) is located between the two pressure rollers (833).

6. A circulating solar PVT heat pump combined hot water system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The rotating seat (8) is rotatably connected to the second moving trolley (7) via a rotating shaft (85); a magnet (87) is mounted on the rotating seat (8); and an iron block (71) is mounted on the second moving trolley (7); When the dust collecting unit (81), the flushing unit (82) and the wiping unit (83) are arranged in sequence along the arrangement direction of the photothermal plates (3) in the same row, the magnet (87) will absorb and fix the iron block (71); The driving unit (86) comprises a gear (861) and two racks (862); the gear (861) is fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft (85); the two racks (862) are respectively connected to two first movable carriages (5) via elastic telescopic rods (863); and the first movable carriage (5) is provided with a locking member for locking and fixing the racks (862); When the locking member locks and fixes the rack (862), the second movable carriage (7) can drive the gear (861) to rotate on the rack (862) by at least 180 degrees via the rotating shaft (85); When the locking member cancels the locking fixation on the rack (862), the elastic telescopic rod (863) will drive the rack (862) to move away from the movement path of the gear (861).

7. A circulating solar PVT heat pump combined hot water system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The locking member is a locking frame (864), and the locking frame (864) is connected to the first moving trolley (5) via a spring (865); A locking groove (866) is provided on the rack (862), and when the spring (865) is in a natural state, the locking frame (864) can be inserted into the locking groove (866), so that the rack (862) is locked and fixed; A pressing ring (851) is fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft (85). When the second moving trolley (7) approaches the first moving trolley (5), the rotation directions of the gear (861) on the two racks (862) are opposite, and when the gear (861) rotates 180° on the racks (862), the pressing ring (851) pushes the locking frame (864) to move out of the locking groove (866).

8. A circulating solar PVT heat pump combined hot water system according to claim 7, characterized in that: Two push plates (88) are mounted on the rotating seat (8), the push plates (88) correspond to the racks (862) one by one, the two racks (862) are located on different horizontal planes, and the movement paths of the two push plates (88) are also located on different planes; When the second moving trolley (7) approaches the first moving trolley (5), the push plate (88) will push the rack (862) to move until the locking frame (864) is inserted into the locking groove (866), and then the push plate (88) will be disengaged from the rack (862) and the gear (861) will be engaged with the rack (862).

9. A circulating solar PVT heat pump combined hot water system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The photothermal panel (3) is arranged in an inclined manner and faces due south, and the angle between the photothermal panel (3) and the ground is in the range of 20° to 45°.

10. A circulating solar PVT heat pump combined hot water system according to claim 9, characterized in that: It also includes a control panel (9), a contact sensor (91) and an infrared sensor (92) are installed on the first moving trolley (5), and the contact sensor (91), the infrared sensor (92), the driving motor in the first winding machine (4), and the driving motor in the second winding machine (6) are all coupled to the control panel (9); When the pressure ring (851) pushes the locking frame (864) to disengage from the locking groove (866), the pressure ring (851) will contact the contact sensor (91), and the contact sensor (91) will send a reverse signal to the control panel (9). The control panel (9) will control the drive motors in the two second winding machines (6) to reverse synchronously, so that the second moving trolley (7) moves in the opposite direction. The control panel (9) will also control the drive motors in the four first winding machines (4) to start synchronously, so that the first moving trolley (5) moves. When the infrared sensor (92) detects the presence of an object within the specified range, the infrared sensor (92) will transmit a stop signal to the control panel (9), and the control panel (9) will control the drive motors in the four first winders (4) to be turned off synchronously, so that the first moving trolley (5) stops at the next row of photothermal plates (3).

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