Cigar coat tobacco leaf cultivation method

Abstract

The invention provides a cigar coat tobacco leaf cultivation method, and belongs to the technical field of tobacco cultivation. The cultivation method comprises the following steps that ridging and drip irrigation cultivation are conducted, ridge moistening and moisture increasing are conducted before tobacco seedlings are transplanted, the drip irrigation flow speed is controlled to be 1.0 L / h to 1.5 L / h, and the drip irrigation duration is 3 h to 5 h; shading is started after the tobacco plants enter the resettling stage, and the light transmittance of a shading net is 60%-80%; spraying is carried out when the temperature exceeds 33 DEG C from the vigorous growing period of the tobacco plants to the end of harvesting, and the water spraying amount is 800-1500 kg / mu. By means of the cultivation method, the appearance quality, such as color uniformity and leaf surface tissue integrity, and the physical characteristics, such as leaf thickness, elasticity and the like, of the cigar coating tobacco leaves can be remarkably improved. The high-quality cigar coating can improve the overall quality of cigars, enhance the competitiveness of cigars in the market, meet the requirements of consumers for high-quality cigars and further improve the additional value of cigar products.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of tobacco cultivation, and in particular relates to a cigar wrapper tobacco leaf cultivation method. Background Art

[0002] The wrapper is an important part of cigars, an important symbol of the quality and grade of cigars, and has a high commercial value. At present, although the cultivation of cigar tobacco has reached a certain scale and experience in some areas, there are still many problems. During the planting process, due to the lack of in-depth understanding of the characteristics of the varieties, the inaccurate selection of the planting environment, and the imperfect cultivation technology, the yield and quality of the wrapper tobacco leaves are unstable. Many growers still use traditional and relatively extensive cultivation methods, lacking scientific management and technical support.

[0003] The appearance quality of wrapper tobacco leaves directly affects the appearance and market value of cigars. High-quality wrapper tobacco leaves should have uniform color, smooth surface, complete leaf shape and appropriate leaf size. However, in actual cultivation, problems such as uneven leaf color, rough surface, broken or deformed leaves often occur. In addition, the physical properties of wrapper tobacco leaves include leaf thickness, elasticity, toughness, tensile strength, etc., but current cultivation methods often make it difficult to effectively control the physical properties of wrapper tobacco leaves, resulting in the physical properties of tobacco leaves not meeting the requirements of cigar making.

[0004] In summary, the existing cigar tobacco cultivation methods are insufficient in improving the appearance quality of wrapper tobacco leaves and optimizing their physical properties. There is an urgent need for a scientific and systematic cultivation method that can effectively improve the yield and quality of wrapper tobacco leaves, meet the market demand for high-quality cigars, and provide high-quality raw materials for cigar production. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a method for cultivating cigar wrapper tobacco leaves, so as to promote the growth of cigar wrapper tobacco leaves and improve the appearance quality and physical properties of the tobacco leaves.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A method for cultivating cigar wrapper tobacco leaves comprises the following steps:

[0008] Ridge-building drip irrigation is used for cultivation. The ridges should be moistened and soil moisture should be increased before transplanting tobacco seedlings. The drip irrigation flow rate should be controlled at 1.0-1.5L / h and the drip irrigation time should be 3-5h. Shading should be started after the tobacco plants enter the clumping stage, and the light transmittance of the shading net should be 60%-80%. Spraying should be carried out when the temperature exceeds 33℃ from the vigorous growth period of the tobacco plants to the end of harvest, and the spraying amount should be 800-1500kg / mu.

[0009] Preferably, the specifications of the ridge forming are: ridge spacing is 100-120cm, ridge bottom width is 70-90cm, ridge top width is 30-40cm, and ridge height is 20-30cm; a drip irrigation belt is laid on the ridge surface, and the drip irrigation belt is located 7-9cm on one side of the center line of the ridge surface.

[0010] Preferably, it also includes a silver-gray two-color ground film, and the thickness of the ground film is 0.006-0.01mm.

[0011] Preferably, the tobacco seedlings are transplanted in holes when they have 6 leaves and 1 heart, the planting holes are located on the center line of the ridge surface, the depth is 10-15 cm, and the hole spacing is 35-45 cm.

[0012] Preferably, the method further includes applying base fertilizer, which includes 32-50 kg / mu of fermented soybeans, 16-25 kg / mu of tobacco-specific compound fertilizer, 16-25 kg / mu of potassium sulfate, 8-12.5 kg / mu of potassium nitrate, 4-6.3 kg / mu of calcium nitrate, and 8-12.5 kg / mu of magnesium hydroxide, which are mixed in proportion and then applied to the holes.

[0013] Preferably, the ridge moistening and soil moisture increasing is carried out 10-20 days before transplanting the tobacco seedlings.

[0014] Preferably, the shade net is grey or off-white in colour and is made of polypropylene.

[0015] Preferably, the spraying is carried out between 14:00 and 16:00, and the spraying time is 20-30 minutes.

[0016] Preferably, drip irrigation is performed once every 10-20 days from the vigorous growth period of the tobacco plants to the end of harvesting, with a drip irrigation flow rate of 1.0-1.5 L / h and a drip irrigation duration of 3-6 hours.

[0017] Preferably, the method further comprises spraying a growth regulator on the tobacco leaves 2-4 times from budding to harvesting, wherein the growth regulator contains 5%-15% by mass of mineral potassium humate, 10%-20% of fish protein and 0.1%-0.3% of chelated zinc, and the spraying amount is 1.5-2.5 L / mu.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] The present invention provides a method for cultivating cigar wrapper tobacco leaves, which includes ridge-forming drip irrigation cultivation, providing good soil space and ventilation conditions for tobacco plants, facilitating management, and realizing precise irrigation to improve water utilization efficiency. Before transplanting, the ridges are moistened and soil moisture is increased to ensure soil moisture conditions for transplanting tobacco seedlings, which is conducive to survival and growth. After the clustering period, shade is provided to adjust light intensity, avoid strong light damage, and improve tobacco leaf quality. From the vigorous growth period to the end of harvesting, spraying is performed to cool down when the temperature is high, maintain appropriate temperature and humidity, and reduce high temperature damage.

[0020] The cultivation method of the present invention can significantly improve the appearance quality of wrapper tobacco leaves, such as color uniformity, leaf surface tissue integrity, etc., as well as physical properties, such as leaf thickness, elasticity, etc. High-quality wrapper can improve the overall quality of cigars, enhance the competitiveness of cigars in the market, meet consumers' demand for high-quality cigars, and thus increase the added value of cigar products. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The present invention provides a method for cultivating cigar wrapper tobacco leaves, including ridge formation, mulching, hole digging and full application of base fertilizer, laying drip irrigation belts, moistening ridges and increasing soil moisture, transplanting, building shade nets, drip irrigation, spraying and humidification, and growth regulation. Specifically:

[0022] The preferred ridge-forming specifications of the present invention are: ridge spacing of 100-120 cm, more preferably 110 cm, ridge bottom width of 70-90 cm, more preferably 80 cm, ridge top width of 30-40 cm, more preferably 35 cm, and ridge height of 20-30 cm, more preferably 25 cm. Appropriate ridge spacing, bottom width, top width, and height can provide good soil space and ventilation conditions for tobacco plant growth, which is beneficial to the extension and development of the root system, and is also convenient for field management operations, such as fertilization and irrigation.

[0023] The present invention preferably covers the silver-gray two-color mulch film, and further preferably the film thickness is 0.006-0.01mm, and more preferably 0.008mm. The silver-gray two-color mulch film has good heat preservation, moisture retention, weed control and pest control effects. The silver-gray side facing up can increase the ground temperature and reflect sunlight, which has a repellent effect on aphids and whiteflies; the black side facing down can inhibit the growth of weeds, reduce the competition between weeds and tobacco plants for nutrients and water, and create a good environment for tobacco plant growth.

[0024] The present invention preferably uses all fertilizers required for tobacco as base fertilizer, including 32-50kg / mu of fermented soybeans, more preferably 40kg / mu, and more preferably the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents of fermented soybeans are 6%, 1% and 2% respectively; preferably 16-25kg / mu of tobacco-specific compound fertilizers, more preferably 20kg / mu, and more preferably the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents of tobacco-specific compound fertilizers are 15%, 15% and 15% respectively; preferably 16-25kg / mu of potassium sulfate, more preferably 20kg / mu; preferably 8-12.5kg / mu of potassium nitrate, more preferably 10kg / mu; preferably 4-6.3kg / mu of calcium nitrate, more preferably 5kg / mu; preferably 8-12.5kg / mu of magnesium hydroxide, more preferably 10kg / mu; mixed in proportion and then applied to the holes, more preferably fully mixed with the soil in the holes, and after mixing, the mulch film around the holes is compacted. The application of base fertilizer can provide sufficient nutrients for the growth of tobacco plants to meet their needs at different growth stages. Fermented soybeans can increase the content of soil organic matter, improve soil structure, and increase soil fertility; tobacco-specific compound fertilizers provide a large number of elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium to ensure the normal growth and development of tobacco plants; potassium sulfate can improve the quality of tobacco leaves; potassium nitrate provides nitrogen and potassium elements to promote the nutritional and reproductive growth of tobacco plants; calcium nitrate can supplement calcium and enhance the stress resistance of tobacco plants; magnesium hydroxide can supplement magnesium, promote the synthesis of chlorophyll, and improve the efficiency of photosynthesis.

[0025] The present invention preferably lays a drip irrigation tape on the ridge surface of each ridge, and further preferably the drip irrigation tape is located 7-9 cm on one side of the center line of the ridge surface, and more preferably 8 cm. The laying of the drip irrigation tape can achieve precise irrigation, save water, and improve water utilization efficiency. Laying the drip irrigation tape at a suitable position can ensure that the water is evenly distributed on the ridge surface, providing sufficient water for the roots of the tobacco plants, while avoiding the adverse effects of excessive or insufficient water on the growth of the tobacco plants.

[0026] The present invention performs ridge moistening and soil moisture increase before transplanting tobacco seedlings, controls the drip irrigation flow rate to be 1.0-1.5L / h, preferably 1.2-1.4L / h, more preferably 1.25L / h, and the drip irrigation duration is 3-5h, preferably 4h. Ridge moistening and soil moisture increase can fully moisten the soil, provide good soil moisture conditions for tobacco seedling transplanting, and be conducive to the survival and growth of tobacco seedlings. Suitable drip irrigation flow rate and duration can ensure that the soil moisture is moderate, neither causing water accumulation to cause root hypoxia, but also meeting the demand for water for tobacco seedling growth. The present invention preferably performs ridge moistening and soil moisture increase 10-20d before tobacco seedling transplanting, and further preferably performs 15d before tobacco seedling transplanting.

[0027] The preferred method of the present invention is to dig holes and transplant tobacco seedlings when they have 6 leaves and 1 heart, and the planting holes are located on the center line of the ridge surface, with a depth of 10-15 cm, more preferably 12 cm, and a hole spacing of 35-45 cm, more preferably 40 cm. When the tobacco seedlings are transplanted when they have 6 leaves and 1 heart, the tobacco seedlings already have a certain growth foundation and can better adapt to the new environment. The appropriate planting hole depth and hole spacing can ensure that there is enough space between tobacco plants to grow, avoid mutual competition for nutrients, water and light, and also facilitate ventilation and reduce the occurrence of diseases and insect pests.

[0028] The present invention starts shading after the tobacco plants enter the clumping stage, and the light transmittance of the shade net is 60%-80%, preferably 70%. It is further preferred that the shade net is gray or off-white in color and made of polypropylene. It is more preferred that the shade net covers the entire tobacco field without leaving any gaps around it. Shading can adjust the light intensity to prevent strong light from damaging the tobacco plants, especially after the clumping stage, when the tobacco plants' demand for light changes. Appropriate shading can provide a suitable weak light environment for the growth of wrapper tobacco leaves and improve the appearance quality of the tobacco leaves. The gray or off-white shade net has a moderate light transmittance, which can meet the tobacco plants' demand for light while reducing direct strong light without changing the light quality composition.

[0029] The present invention preferably drips the tobacco plants once every 10-20 days from the vigorous growth period to the end of harvest, and more preferably drips the plants once every 15 days. The preferred drip irrigation flow rate is 1.0-1.5 L / h, and more preferably 1.25 L / h. The preferred drip irrigation duration is 3-6 hours, and more preferably 4.5 hours. During the vigorous growth period of the tobacco plants to the end of harvest, the tobacco plants have a large demand for water. Regular drip irrigation can meet their growth needs, keep the soil moist, and promote the growth of the tobacco plants and the development of tobacco leaves. Appropriate drip irrigation frequency, flow rate, and duration can ensure the stability of the water supply and avoid the adverse effects of too much or too little water on the tobacco plants.

[0030] The present invention sprays when the temperature exceeds 33°C during the vigorous growth period of tobacco plants until the end of harvest, and the amount of water sprayed is 800-1500kg / mu, preferably 1200kg / mu; it is further preferred that the spraying is carried out at 14:00-16:00, and the spraying time is 20-30min, more preferably 25min. As an implementable method, spraying is carried out using a hoisting spraying facility on the top of the shade shed. Spraying at high temperatures can reduce the temperature around the tobacco plants, increase humidity, reduce the harm of high temperature to the tobacco plants, and provide a humid environment for the growth of tobacco leaves. The appropriate amount of water sprayed, spraying time and spraying method can effectively reduce the temperature, increase humidity, reduce leaf transpiration, and make the leaves softer.

[0031] The present invention preferably sprays the tobacco leaves with a growth regulator 2-4 times, more preferably 3 times, from the time when the tobacco plants bud to the end of harvesting. It is further preferred that the growth regulator contains 5%-15% by mass of mineral potassium humate, 10%-20% of fish protein and 0.1%-0.3% of chelated zinc, more preferably 10% of mineral potassium humate, 15% of fish protein and 0.2% of chelated zinc; the preferred spraying amount is 1.5-2.5L / mu, more preferably 2L / mu. Spraying of the growth regulator can regulate the growth and development of the tobacco plants and improve the quality and yield of tobacco leaves. Mineral potassium humate can promote root growth and improve nutrient absorption capacity; fish protein can enhance the stress resistance of tobacco plants and improve the quality of tobacco leaves; chelated zinc can promote photosynthesis and protein synthesis, and improve the yield and quality of tobacco leaves. Appropriate spraying times, spraying amounts and growth regulator formulas can give full play to their effects and promote the healthy growth of tobacco plants and the formation of high-quality tobacco leaves.

[0032] The present invention has no special limitation on the specific sources of the required equipment, materials and agents, and they can all be obtained through market channels.

[0033] The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] A method for growing cigar wrapper tobacco leaves, comprising the following steps:

[0036] (1) Ridge forming: The ridge spacing is 110 cm, the ridge bottom width is 80 cm, the ridge top width is 35 cm, and the ridge height is 25 cm.

[0037] (2) Covering film: The film is a silver-gray two-color film with a thickness of 0.008mm.

[0038] (3) Digging holes to apply base fertilizer: Dig holes on the tobacco ridges for fertilization, with a hole spacing of 40 cm. Apply 40 kg of fermented soybeans, 20 kg of tobacco-specific compound fertilizer, 20 kg of potassium sulfate, 10 kg of potassium nitrate, 5 kg of calcium nitrate, and 10 kg of magnesium hydroxide per mu. Mix the fertilizers and apply them evenly in the holes. After applying the fertilizers, mix them thoroughly with the soil in the holes, and then compact the mulch around the holes.

[0039] (4) Laying the drip irrigation tape: Lay the drip irrigation tape after ridge formation and fertilization. Lay it on the ridges, one strip per ridge. The drip irrigation tape should be laid 9 cm to one side of the center line of the ridge.

[0040] (5) Ridge moistening and soil moisture increase: Ridge moistening and soil moisture increase should be carried out 15 days before transplanting. The drip irrigation flow rate is 1.5 L / h and the drip irrigation duration is 5 h.

[0041] (6) Transplantation: Transplantation was carried out on May 20. The transplanted tobacco seedlings had 6 leaves and 1 heart, and the stem height was 8 cm. The transplanting was carried out in a well-cellar style.

[0042] (7) Start shading: When tobacco plants enter the clustering stage, build a shade shed on top of the tobacco field and cover it with a shade net. The shade net is off-white in color, made of polypropylene, and has a light transmittance of 65%-70%. The shade net covers the entire tobacco field, leaving no gaps around it.

[0043] (8) Drip irrigation: From the time tobacco plants enter the clumping stage to the end of harvest, drip irrigation is carried out once every 10 days, with a drip irrigation flow rate of 1.5 L / h and a drip irrigation duration of 5 hours. Drip irrigation is not carried out in case of rainfall (rainfall greater than 20 mm in 24 hours).

[0044] (9) Spraying to increase humidity: From the peak season to the end of harvest, when the temperature exceeds 33°C, use the suspended spraying facilities on the top of the shade shed to spray water for 25 minutes from 14:00 to 16:00, with a spraying amount of 1000 kg per mu.

[0045] (10) Growth regulation: From the time when tobacco plants bud to the end of harvest, the tobacco leaves are sprayed with growth regulator three times, with each application amount of 2L / mu. The growth regulator contains 10% by mass of mineral potassium humate, 15% of fish protein and 0.2% of chelated zinc.

[0046] Example 2

[0047] A method for growing cigar wrapper tobacco leaves, comprising the following steps:

[0048] (1) Ridge forming: The ridge spacing is 100 cm, the ridge bottom width is 70 cm, the ridge top width is 30 cm, and the ridge height is 20 cm.

[0049] (2) Covering film: The film is a silver-gray two-color film with a thickness of 0.006mm.

[0050] (3) Digging holes to apply base fertilizer: Dig holes on the tobacco ridges for fertilization, with a hole spacing of 35 cm. Apply 32 kg of fermented soybeans, 16 kg of tobacco-specific compound fertilizer, 16 kg of potassium sulfate, 8 kg of potassium nitrate, 4 kg of calcium nitrate, and 8 kg of magnesium hydroxide per mu. Mix the fertilizers and apply them evenly in the holes. After applying the fertilizers, mix them thoroughly with the soil in the holes, and then compact the mulch around the holes.

[0051] (4) Laying the drip irrigation tape: Lay the drip irrigation tape after ridge formation and fertilization. Lay it on the ridges, one strip per ridge. The drip irrigation tape should be laid 7 cm to one side of the center line of the ridge.

[0052] (5) Ridge moistening and soil moisture increase: Ridge moistening and soil moisture increase should be carried out 10 days before transplanting. The drip irrigation flow rate is 1.0 L / h and the drip irrigation duration is 3 h.

[0053] (6) Transplantation: Transplantation was carried out on May 15. The transplanted tobacco seedlings had 6 leaves and 1 heart, and the stem height was 7 cm. The transplanting was carried out in a well-cellar.

[0054] (7) Start shading: When tobacco plants enter the clustering stage, build a shade shed on top of the tobacco field and cover it with a shade net. The shade net is gray in color, made of polypropylene, and has a light transmittance of 60%. The shade net covers the entire tobacco field, leaving no gaps around it.

[0055] (8) Drip irrigation: From the time tobacco plants enter the clumping stage to the end of harvest, drip irrigation is carried out every 15 days. The drip irrigation flow rate is 1.0 L / h and the drip irrigation duration is 3 hours. Drip irrigation is not carried out in case of rainfall (rainfall greater than 20 mm in 24 hours).

[0056] (9) Spraying to increase humidity: From the peak season to the end of harvest, when the temperature exceeds 33°C, use the suspended spraying facilities on the top of the shade shed to spray water for 20 minutes from 14:00 to 16:00, with a spraying amount of 800 kg per mu.

[0057] (10) Growth regulation: From the time tobacco plants bud to the end of harvest, the tobacco leaves are sprayed with growth regulators twice, with each application amount of 1.5 L / mu. The growth regulator contains 5% by mass of mineral potassium humate, 10% of fish protein and 0.1% of chelated zinc.

[0058] Example 3

[0059] A method for growing cigar wrapper tobacco leaves, comprising the following steps:

[0060] (1) Ridge forming: The ridge spacing is 120 cm, the ridge bottom width is 90 cm, the ridge top width is 40 cm, and the ridge height is 30 cm.

[0061] (2) Covering film: The film is a silver-gray two-color film with a thickness of 0.01mm.

[0062] (3) Digging holes to apply base fertilizer: Dig holes on the tobacco ridges for fertilization, with a hole spacing of 45 cm. Apply 50 kg of fermented soybeans, 25 kg of tobacco-specific compound fertilizer, 25 kg of potassium sulfate, 12.5 kg of potassium nitrate, 6.3 kg of calcium nitrate, and 12.5 kg of magnesium hydroxide per mu. Mix the fertilizers and apply them evenly in the holes. After applying the fertilizers, mix them thoroughly with the soil in the holes, and then compact the mulch around the holes.

[0063] (4) Laying the drip irrigation tape: Lay the drip irrigation tape after ridge formation and fertilization. Lay it on the ridges, one strip per ridge. The drip irrigation tape should be laid 8 cm to one side of the center line of the ridge.

[0064] (5) Ridge moistening and soil moisture increase: Ridge moistening and soil moisture increase should be carried out 20 days before transplanting. The drip irrigation flow rate is 1.3 L / h and the drip irrigation duration is 4 h.

[0065] (6) Transplantation: Transplantation was carried out on May 25. The transplanted tobacco seedlings had 6 leaves and 1 heart, and the stem height was 9 cm. The transplanting was carried out in a well-cellar style.

[0066] (7) Start shading: When tobacco plants enter the clustering stage, build a shade shed on top of the tobacco field and cover it with a shade net. The shade net is off-white in color, made of polypropylene, and has a light transmittance of 80%. The shade net covers the entire tobacco field, leaving no gaps around it.

[0067] (8) Drip irrigation: From the time tobacco plants enter the clumping stage to the end of harvest, drip irrigation is carried out once every 20 days. The drip irrigation flow rate is 1.3 L / h and the drip irrigation duration is 6 hours. Drip irrigation is not carried out in case of rainfall (rainfall greater than 20 mm in 24 hours).

[0068] (9) Spraying to increase humidity: From the peak season to the end of harvest, when the temperature exceeds 33°C, use the suspended spraying facilities on the top of the shade shed to spray water for 30 minutes from 14:00 to 16:00, with a spraying amount of 1500 kg per mu.

[0069] (10) Growth regulation: From the time tobacco plants bud to the end of harvest, the tobacco leaves are sprayed with growth regulators four times, with each application amount of 2.5 L / mu. The growth regulator contains 15% by mass of mineral potassium humate, 20% of fish protein and 0.3% of chelated zinc.

[0070] Example 4

[0071] The planting site is Changdayu Village, Shitou Town, Linqu County, Shandong Province, and the planting variety is the cigar variety QX103. The plot area is 44m 2 , repeated 3 times, using randomized block arrangement.

[0072] Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were respectively used to cultivate cigar wrapper tobacco leaves, wherein:

[0073] Comparative Example 1: The same as Example 1, except that the amount of nitrogen applied as base fertilizer (calculated as pure nitrogen) accounts for 60% of the total nitrogen application, the amount of organic fertilizer is calculated based on the organic nitrogen accounting for 30% of the total nitrogen, fermented soybeans, tobacco-specific compound fertilizer, potassium sulfate and magnesium hydroxide are all applied, and the application method is strip application; after the tobacco plants enter the cluster stage, the remaining nitrogen fertilizer and potassium fertilizer are topdressed using drip irrigation equipment, the fertilizer is potassium nitrate, and the number of topdressings is 3 times; the shade net is white in color, made of polypropylene, and has a light transmittance of 85%-90%; no spraying humidification and growth regulation are performed.

[0074] Comparative Example 2: Same as Example 1, except that ridge moistening and soil moisture increase were not performed before transplanting; the shade net was white in color, made of polypropylene, and had a light transmittance of 75%-85%; and spraying humidification and growth regulation were not performed.

[0075] Comparative Example 3: Same as Example 1, except that ridge moistening and soil moisture increase were not performed before transplanting; the shade net was white in color, made of polypropylene, and had a light transmittance of 70%; and spraying, humidification and growth regulation were not performed.

[0076] The tobacco plants were harvested and air-dried 60 days after transplanting, with a total of 6 harvests, about 3 leaves each time. After the tobacco leaves were harvested and air-dried in batches, they were sampled in different plots according to the "Standards for Industrial and Commercial Handover of Domestic Cigar Tobacco Leaves" (YC / T 588-2021), and the appearance was identified according to the method proposed in the literature (Lin Zhihui et al. 2023), and the relevant indicators were calculated.

[0077] Test results:

[0078] The cultivation method of Example 1 increases the humidity of the tobacco field soil and canopy, maintains the soil moisture content at 16.78%-21.71% during the growth period, and maintains the relative humidity of the canopy air at 72.4%-87.9% during the day (except for rainy days); reduces the light intensity and temperature of the canopy, and the maximum photosynthetically active radiation of the canopy does not exceed 940 μmol / m 2 / s, the canopy temperature is maintained at 16.2-36.4°C, and the maximum temperature is reduced by 7.3°C at most compared with the conventional method. As shown in Tables 1 and 2, Example 1 adjusts the nutritional status of tobacco plants by applying full base fertilizer and growth regulation, moistening the ridges before transplanting to increase soil moisture, shading after the clustering period and spraying to increase humidity after the vigorous growth period, and controlling the canopy temperature, humidity and photosynthetically active radiation, which can effectively improve the appearance quality and physical properties of cigar wrapper tobacco leaves and provide high-quality raw materials for cigar production.

[0079] Table 1 Appearance quality of wrapper tobacco leaves grown in different ways

[0080]

[0081] Table 2 Physical properties of wrapper tobacco leaves grown in different ways

[0082]

[0083] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for growing cigar wrapper tobacco leaves, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Ridge-building drip irrigation is used for cultivation. The ridges should be moistened and soil moisture should be increased before transplanting tobacco seedlings. The drip irrigation flow rate should be controlled at 1.0-1.5L / h and the drip irrigation time should be 3-5h. Shading should be started after the tobacco plants enter the clumping stage, and the light transmittance of the shading net should be 60%-80%. Spraying should be carried out when the temperature exceeds 33℃ from the vigorous growth period of the tobacco plants to the end of harvest, and the spraying amount should be 800-1500kg / mu.

2. The cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that The specifications of the ridge formation are: ridge spacing is 100-120cm, ridge bottom width is 70-90cm, ridge top width is 30-40cm, and ridge height is 20-30cm; a drip irrigation belt is laid on the ridge surface, and the drip irrigation belt is located 7-9cm on one side of the center line of the ridge surface.

3. The cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that It also includes a silver-gray two-color ground film, and the thickness of the ground film is 0.006-0.01mm.

4. The cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tobacco seedlings are transplanted in holes when they have 6 leaves and 1 heart, the planting holes are located on the center line of the ridge surface, the depth is 10-15 cm, and the hole spacing is 35-45 cm.

5. The cultivation method according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: It also includes applying base fertilizer, which includes 32-50kg / mu of fermented soybeans, 16-25kg / mu of tobacco-specific compound fertilizer, 16-25kg / mu of potassium sulfate, 8-12.5kg / mu of potassium nitrate, 4-6.3kg / mu of calcium nitrate, and 8-12.5kg / mu of magnesium hydroxide, which are mixed in proportion and then applied to the holes.

6. The cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ridge moistening and soil moisture increase is carried out 10-20 days before transplanting the tobacco seedlings.

7. The cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The color of the shade net is gray or off-white, and the material is polypropylene.

8. The cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spraying is carried out between 14:00 and 16:00, and the spraying time is 20 to 30 minutes.

9. The cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes drip irrigation every 10-20 days from the vigorous growth period of the tobacco plants to the end of harvest, with a drip irrigation flow rate of 1.0-1.5 L / h and a drip irrigation time of 3-6 hours.

10. The cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method also includes spraying a growth regulator on the leaves of the tobacco plants 2-4 times from the appearance of buds to the end of harvesting, wherein the growth regulator contains 5%-15% by mass of mineral potassium humate, 10%-20% of fish protein and 0.1%-0.3% of chelated zinc, and the spraying amount is 1.5-2.5L / mu.

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